專題39.名詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞和副詞考點(diǎn)運(yùn)用（教師版）-2023屆高三英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí) （人教版2019）

名詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞和副詞考點(diǎn)運(yùn)用目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航考點(diǎn)一名詞(一)考點(diǎn)練悟(用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)Itwaslateatnight.Two1.________(German)weresleepingintheirroomwhensuddenly,oneofthem,Mrs.Green,waswokenupandfoundathiefslippingintotheirroomtotryhisluck.Shehadthreethousand2.______(dollar)inherpocket.“WhatshouldIdo?Many3.______(thief)usuallybring4.________(knife)withthem，”shethoughtin5.________(silent).Aftertwo6.________(minute)search,thethiefhappenedtotouchasportssuit.Itseemedasifhefoundtherewassomeoneintheroom,sohewentouttothenextroomwheretwo7.________(Frenchman)weresleeping.Whenhewaslookingfor8.________(money)orsome9.________(jewel)inthenextroom,Mrs.Greenwokeupherhusbandquicklyandcalledthepolice.Andthenthethiefknewwhathadhappened.Hewassoscaredthathetookoutaknife.Justthenthepoliceshowedup.Beforethethiefranaway,thepolicecaughthim.ForMrs.Green,itwasreallyanunusual10.________(experience)．【答案】1.Germans2.dollars3.thieves4.knives5.silence6.minutes'7.Frenchmen8.money9.jewels/jewelry10.experience(二)快捷技法思考趨向解題規(guī)則1.填名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)若提示詞是名詞，分析句子成分后發(fā)現(xiàn)詞性不需要改變，此時(shí)應(yīng)考慮填名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。1.不定冠詞a,an后用名詞單數(shù)形式。(如題10)2.有數(shù)詞或these,those,several,many,all,both等詞修飾時(shí)名詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。(如題1,2,3,7,9)3.名詞前有oneof時(shí)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。4.如果空格處作主語(yǔ)，且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是單數(shù)形式，則空格處應(yīng)填名詞單數(shù)形式；若謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是復(fù)數(shù)形式，則空格處應(yīng)填名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。5.不可數(shù)名詞沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。(如題8)2.填名詞的所有格提示詞為名詞時(shí)，如果作定語(yǔ)表示“……的”，則一般考查名詞的所有格。(如題6)1.單數(shù)名詞和不以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞通常在詞尾加's。2.以s或es結(jié)尾的名詞復(fù)數(shù)，形式為s'或es'。3.復(fù)合名詞中，一般在最后一個(gè)詞的詞尾加's，如herbrother-in-law'scharacter。3.派生為名詞作句子的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)(包括介詞的賓語(yǔ))時(shí)，一般設(shè)空處填名詞。(如題5)可數(shù)名詞考點(diǎn)解析MrSmithisverybusybecauseherunsseveralcompanies①.Heworkssevendays①aweekand12months②ayear.Inhissparetimehelikeswatchingfootballmatches③.Helikeseatingtomatoes④buthedoesn’teatvegetableswithleaves⑤.Hehastwopethorses⑥andheoftenridesthemwithhisfriendsonMrBlack’sfarm⑦becausehethinksthesceneryofthefarm⑧isverybeautiful.1.可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)①以輔音字母加-y結(jié)尾的名詞，變-y為-i加-es；以元音字母加-y結(jié)尾的名詞，加-s。②以-th結(jié)尾的名詞加-s。③以-s，-x，-ch，-sh結(jié)尾的名詞后加-es(如果詞尾-ch發(fā)音為/k/，要加-s，如stomach)。④以-o結(jié)尾加-es的單詞有：英雄(heroes)吃土豆(potatoes)番茄(tomatoes)，其他多直接加-s。⑤以-f或-fe結(jié)尾的詞，多變-f或-fe為-v，再加-es。但也有直接加-s的單詞，如：屋頂(roof)上的首領(lǐng)(chief)有信仰(belief)。⑥更多的可數(shù)名詞是直接加-s。2.名詞作定語(yǔ)往往是說(shuō)明其中名詞的材料、用途、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、內(nèi)容、類別等。多為單數(shù)名詞作定語(yǔ)，但woman，man作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，要用復(fù)數(shù)形式表達(dá)復(fù)數(shù)概念。3.名詞的所有格⑦有生命名詞，不以-s結(jié)尾的名詞加-’s；以-s結(jié)尾的單數(shù)名詞和復(fù)數(shù)名詞都加-’。⑧無(wú)生命名詞，通常用of所有格表示。⑨雙重所有格的構(gòu)成形式為：“名詞＋of＋名詞所有格”或者“名詞＋of＋名詞性物主代詞”。二．易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)歸納1．不規(guī)則變化的名詞復(fù)數(shù)(1)通過(guò)內(nèi)部元音變化構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)。如：foot—feet腳goose—geese鵝tooth—teeth牙齒mouse—mice老鼠man—men男人woman—women女人(2)有些名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式相同。如：sheep—sheep綿羊deer—deer鹿Chinese—Chinese中國(guó)人Japanese—Japanese日本人means—means方法series—series系列species—species物種(3)有的名詞在詞尾加-ren或-en構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)。如：child—children孩子ox—oxen公牛(4)由man，woman構(gòu)成的復(fù)合名詞在變成復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，與man，woman的變化形式相同。如：gentleman—gentlemen先生Englishman—Englishmen英國(guó)男子policeman—policemen男警察chairwoman—chairwomen女主席businessman—businessmen商人craftsman—craftsmen工匠，手藝人注意：German的復(fù)數(shù)形式為Germans。(5)外來(lái)詞的不規(guī)則復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：analysis—analyses分析basis—bases基礎(chǔ)crisis—crises危機(jī)thesis—theses論文medium—media媒介物phenomenon—phenomena現(xiàn)象2．復(fù)合名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)變化(1)中間沒(méi)有連字符也沒(méi)有間隔的復(fù)合名詞將最后一個(gè)詞變成復(fù)數(shù)形式。birthday—birthdays生日blackboard—blackboards黑板bookshelf—bookshelves書(shū)架gentleman—gentlemen紳士(2)中間有連字符或間隔的復(fù)合詞將其中主要的詞變成復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：bookworm—bookwormsson-in-law—sons-in-lawlooker-on—lookers-onpasser-by—passers-bystory-teller—story-tellers(3)無(wú)主體名詞時(shí)通常在最后一個(gè)詞后加復(fù)數(shù)詞尾。如：grown-up—grown-upsstandby—standbys3．名詞所有格的特殊形式(1)并列的名詞變所有格時(shí)，若表示不同的所有關(guān)系，則分別在兩個(gè)名詞后加-’s；如果表示共有關(guān)系，則只在最后一個(gè)名詞后加-’s。如：KateandMary’sroom凱特和瑪麗共有的房間Kate’sandMary’srooms凱特和瑪麗各自的房間(2)表示店鋪或某人的家時(shí)，名詞所有格之后的shop，house，home等常省去。如：atthedoctor’s(office)在(醫(yī)生的)診所里atthebarber’s(shop)在理發(fā)店atMrGreen’s(house)在格林先生家隨堂練習(xí)單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Theteamwhowonthethreeworld(championship)wouldalwaysgetthiscup.2．Duringthefestival，whichlaststhreeorfourdays，peoplearedressedintheirbestclothesandparticipateinavarietyofrichandcolourful(activity)．3．Thebestsolutionmightbetofindthe(weakness)intheideaandtotryandstrengthenthem，ratherthanusethemsimplyasanexcuseforrejectingthewholeidea.4．Timmisandhisteamsetouttoseektheeffectsofphoneuseon(passer-by)．5．WeusuallyexpectHollywood(hero)toshowuponourscreensanddefeatthebadguys.6．Hegoestothe(barber)tohavehishaircuteverymonth.7．—Wheredidyoutwohaveyour(stomach)examined?—Atthedoctor’s.Wewereexaminedbytwofamous(German)．8．Sincemoststudentsareinneedofanap，properarrangementsshouldbemadesothatstudentscanhaveagoodrestafterawhole(morning)hardwork.【答案】1.championships2.activities3.weaknesses4.passers-by5.heroes6.barber’s7.stomachs8.morning’s不可數(shù)名詞考點(diǎn)解析Tolearnmoreknowledge①，Ihavetodolotsofhomework①everydayandhavenotime①tohavefun②ordohousework①.LastweekwehadanexambutIdidn’tperformwell.However，myteachersaidthatIhadmadegreatprogress②.Sothisexamisnotafailure③.Onthecontrary，itisasuccess③inaway.①不可數(shù)名詞沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式，也不能與不定冠詞連用。②fun，weather，progress，advice，information為永久性不可數(shù)名詞，前面不能加不定冠詞，也不能具體化。③抽象名詞具體化：?表示情感情緒的抽象名詞強(qiáng)調(diào)具體的人或事的時(shí)候，可以在前面加不定冠詞，如asurprise，acomfort等。?表示“一……”的概念時(shí)，常與動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成詞組，名詞前常常有形容詞。如haveagoodtime，haveagoodknowledge/commandof等。易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)解析不可以用數(shù)目計(jì)算，多為物質(zhì)名詞或抽象名詞，沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式，常見(jiàn)的不可數(shù)名詞有：fun樂(lè)趣homework作業(yè)bread面包wealth財(cái)富progress進(jìn)步equipment設(shè)備room空間weather天氣work工作music音樂(lè)news新聞meat肉word消息traffic交通luck運(yùn)氣housework家務(wù)milk牛奶advice建議man人類orange橙汁knowledge知識(shí)furniture家具baggage/luggage行李information信息單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Oh，John，whatpleasantsurpriseyougaveus!2．Hegaveussome(advice)onhowtostudyEnglish.3．Hefeltthatheneededmore(knowledge)aboutimportandexport.【答案】1.a2.advice3.knowledge隨堂練習(xí)1．ChineseNewYearisa(celebrate)markingtheendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningofspringcelebration【解析】考查名詞。句意為：中國(guó)新年是一個(gè)標(biāo)志著冬天結(jié)束和春天開(kāi)始的慶典。不定冠詞a后接名詞形式。故填celebration。2．Historical(accurate)isimportantbutsoisentertainment.(2020·新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ)accuracy【解析】考查名詞。句意為：歷史的準(zhǔn)確性很重要，但娛樂(lè)也很重要。此處作主語(yǔ)，位于形容詞Historical之后，應(yīng)使用名詞，意為“歷史的準(zhǔn)確性”。故填accuracy。3．Later，theylearnedtoworkwiththe(season)，plantingattherighttimeand，indryareas，makinguseofannualfloodstoirrigate(灌溉)theirfields.(2020·浙江)seasons【解析】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意為：后來(lái)，他們學(xué)會(huì)了順應(yīng)季節(jié)，在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)間播種，在干旱地區(qū)，利用每年的洪水來(lái)灌溉農(nóng)田。分析句子可知，提示詞的詞性為可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填seasons。4．OtherAmericanstudiesshowedno(connect)betweenuniformsandschoolperformance.(2019·浙江)connection/connections【解析】考查名詞。句意為：其他的美國(guó)研究表明校服和學(xué)校表現(xiàn)之間沒(méi)有聯(lián)系。根據(jù)no可知，要用connect的名詞形式，connection表示“聯(lián)系，關(guān)聯(lián)”，為可數(shù)名詞，故填connection/connections。5.語(yǔ)法填空InChina,thehistoryofpeopleplantingandusingbamboocandatebacktoasfaras7,000years.AsearlyastheShangdynasty,bamboowasbeingusedinancient1(people)dailylives.2wasusedforfood,clothing,housing,transportation,musical3(instrument)andevenweapons.

The4(apply)ofbambooinscienceandtechnologyisthrilling.In251BC,LiBing,inSichuan,ledthelocalpeopleinbuildingtheDujiangWeirs,thefirstirrigationnetworkintheworld,inwhichbambooplayed5importantrole.Theworld’soldestwaterpipewasalsomadeofbamboo.During6Handynasty,thepeopleinSichuansuccessfullysanka100-metre-deepwellwiththickbambooropes.ThistechnologydidnotspreadtoEuropeuntilthe19thcentury,anditwasbyusingthetechnologythattheAmericansdrilled7firstoilwellinPennsylvaniain1859.

InChineseculture,bambooiswell-knownasoneofthe“four8(gentleman)”inplants.Tomanydistinguished9(man),bambooisasymbolofgoodnessandhonesty.Itisalwayscloselyrelatedtopeopleofpositivespirits.Bambooculturecontributestoencouragingpeopletoholdonwhenfacingtough10(situation).

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【答案】1.people’s2.It3.instruments4.application5.an6.the7.the8.gentlemen9.men10.situations考點(diǎn)二數(shù)詞MisterSmithis60①yearsoldandyesterdaywashis60th②birthday.Hestillremembersinthe1990s③whenhewasinhisthirties③，hedrankdozensof④bottlesofbeeraday.However，hespentthousandsof④dollarsinhospital.Later，twofifths⑤ofhissparetimewasspentintakingexercise.①數(shù)詞的基本形式為基數(shù)詞。②表示數(shù)詞的順序往往用序數(shù)詞。大部分是在基數(shù)詞的基礎(chǔ)上加-th。以-y結(jié)尾的基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞，把-y變成-ie＋-th。③“inthe＋逢十的基數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)”表示“在某個(gè)世紀(jì)幾十年代”?！癷none’s＋逢十的基數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)”表示“在某人幾十多歲時(shí)”。④具體數(shù)字＋dozen/score/hundred/thousand/million等詞時(shí)，后面直接加名詞復(fù)數(shù)；表示籠統(tǒng)數(shù)目時(shí)，用dozens/scores/hundreds/thousands/millionsof＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)。⑤分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)：分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞。當(dāng)分子大于1時(shí)，分母序數(shù)詞加-s，如1/3：onethird，2/3：twothirds。易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)解析1．易錯(cuò)基數(shù)詞thirteen十三fourteen十四fifteen十五e(cuò)ighteen十八nineteen十九twenty二十thirty三十forty四十fifty五十ninety九十2．易錯(cuò)序數(shù)詞first第一second第二third第三fourth第四fifth第五e(cuò)ighth第八ninth第九eleventh第十一twelfth第十二一．單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Petergotamodelshipfromhisuncleonhis(thirteen)birthday.2．Two(three)ofthestudentsinourclasshavebeentoDisneylandsomewhere.3．Linda，therearetoomanymistakesinthe(nine)lineofyourpassage.4．Hemadequiteafewfriendsduringhis(twenty)．5．Itisreportedthattheearthquakehasleft(thousand)ofpeoplehomeless.【答案】1.thirteenth2.thirds3.ninth4.twenties5.thousands二．1．Theplumtreesarefirsttoflowerevenasthesnowismelting(融化)．Theyrepresentthepromiseofspringandarenewaloflife.the【解析】考查序數(shù)的具體使用。第一應(yīng)該用序數(shù)詞，用在句中其前要有定冠詞the。2．Hediditone(three)thetimeittookme.third【解析】考查分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)。分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞。分子大于1時(shí)，分母序數(shù)詞加-s。此處分子為1，所以用序數(shù)詞的單數(shù)形式，故填third?？键c(diǎn)三形容詞和副詞(一)考點(diǎn)練悟(用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)Londonisoneofthe1.________(large)citiesintheworld.Itspopulationis2.________(small)thanTokyoorShanghai,butitisoneofthe3.________(popular)touristdestinationsofall.Londonisprobablymostfamousforitsmuseums,galleries,palacesandothersights,butitalsoincludesa4.________(wide)rangeofpeoples,culturesandreligionsthanmanyotherplaces.Peopleusedtosaythatitwasthedirtiestcitytoo,butitisnowmuch5.________(clean)thanitwas.Tothesurpriseofmanypeople,itnowhassomeofthe6.________(good)restaurantsinEuropetoo.Forsomepeople,thismakesLondonthe7.________(exciting)cityinEurope.Unfortunately,Londonisdefinitelynotthe8.________(expensive)cityinEurope,thoughaholidayinLondonisgoodvalueformoney,consideringwhatthereistoseeanddothere.【答案】1.largest2.smaller3.mostpopular4.wider5.cleaner6.best7.mostexciting8.leastexpensive(二)快捷技法思考趨向解題規(guī)則1.填形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)提示詞是形容詞或副詞，分析句子成分后發(fā)現(xiàn)詞性不需要改變，特別是空格后有比較級(jí)標(biāo)志詞than時(shí)，應(yīng)考慮填形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)。使用比較級(jí)的常見(jiàn)情況：(1)根據(jù)比較等級(jí)的句式判斷，如果后面有than就用比較級(jí)。(如題2,4,5)(2)有時(shí)候比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)中并不出現(xiàn)than，而是根據(jù)語(yǔ)境判斷用比較級(jí)。(3)當(dāng)空格前有表示程度的詞，如abit,alittle,much,far,agreat/gooddeal,alot等或有still,even等詞修飾時(shí)，需填比較級(jí)。(4)表示“越……，就越……”用“the＋比較級(jí)...,the＋比較級(jí)...”結(jié)構(gòu)。(5)“否定詞＋比較級(jí)”可以表達(dá)最高級(jí)含義。2.填形容詞或副詞的最高級(jí)提示詞為形容詞或副詞時(shí)，分析句子成分后若發(fā)現(xiàn)詞性不需要改變，并且句中有比較范圍，句意有最高級(jí)含義時(shí)，要填其最高級(jí)形式。使用最高級(jí)的常見(jiàn)情況：(1)表達(dá)在某個(gè)范圍內(nèi)“最……”時(shí)，使用“the＋形容詞/副詞的最高級(jí)＋比較范圍”結(jié)構(gòu)。表示范圍的標(biāo)志詞有in,of,among等。(如題6,7,8)(2)當(dāng)空格前有thesecond/third...,oneof...等詞時(shí)，需填最高級(jí)。(如題1,3)(3)形容詞最高級(jí)前的修飾語(yǔ)通常有序數(shù)詞以及byfar,almost,nearly等。如：Iambyfarthemostactivememberinourgroup.我是我們組最活躍的成員。形容詞和副詞的基本用法Iboughtaninteresting①novelyesterday.Thebookissointeresting②thatIcanhardlyletgoofit.Worried③aboutmystudy，mymothertookitaway.However，Ifoundmymotherabsorbed④init.①修飾名詞，往往用形容詞作定語(yǔ)。②在系動(dòng)詞之后，往往用形容詞作表語(yǔ)。③表示情緒和精神狀態(tài)的形容詞可以作狀語(yǔ)。④在感官類或使役動(dòng)詞＋賓語(yǔ)之后，形容詞可以作賓補(bǔ)，說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)。Mymotherisreadingthenovelattentively①nowandsheisquite①movedbyit.Obviously②，shewon’treturnthebooktomesoon.①副詞可以描述某個(gè)動(dòng)作的情況或者描述動(dòng)作、行為或狀態(tài)的程度。②副詞可以放在句首，作評(píng)論性狀語(yǔ)，修飾整個(gè)句子。難點(diǎn)解析1．名詞、動(dòng)詞變形容詞2．形容詞變副詞形容詞不同詞尾變副詞加(-ly)的口訣：(一般直接加)clear→clearly清楚地great→greatly很，大大地(元e去e加)true→truly真實(shí)地(輔y變i加)happy→happily高興地heavy→heavily沉重地(-le尾e變y)terrible→terribly可怕地gentle→gently輕輕地(-ll尾只加y)full→fully完全地dull→dully遲鈍地(-ic加ally)basic→basically主要地scientific→scientifically合乎科學(xué)地3．-ed形容詞修飾物的用法-ed形容詞通常用于說(shuō)明人的感受，常譯為“感到……的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)人自身的情感波動(dòng)；修飾事物時(shí)，則多修飾smile(微笑)，feeling(感覺(jué))，cry(叫聲)，face(表情)，voice(聲音)，look(表情)，eye(眼神)，expression(表情)等表示某人情感狀況的名詞。Hehadapleasedsmileonhisface.他臉上露出了滿意的微笑。Hetoldmethenewsinaveryexcitedvoice.他以非常激動(dòng)的聲音告訴了我這個(gè)消息。4．同根副詞加-ly和不加-ly有些副詞不加-ly與其形容詞表達(dá)的含義是一樣的，而加了-ly之后的副詞，其詞義往往發(fā)生改變，具有抽象意義，表示程度。close靠近地closely密切地，仔細(xì)地hard努力地hardly幾乎不late晚，遲lately最近，不久前most最，極其mostly通常，主要地wide指距離寬widely廣泛地deep指具體深度deeply深深地，非常，強(qiáng)烈地high指具體高度highly高度地，非常隨堂練習(xí)單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Theoldpeoplethereweretalkativeandtheytoldustheir(person)storiescheerfully.2．Thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop，andsomeofthemlookedveryanxiousand(disappoint)．3．I’llneverforgetthe(amaze)tripIhadinBeijing，ChinaandIhopetogotherenexttimewithmyfriends.4．Hespentsevendaysinthewindandsnow，coldand(hunger)．5．IfoundlifeintheUKquite(differ)fromthatinChina.6．Thetitlewillbe(official)giventomeataceremonyinLondon.7．(lucky)，healsohadacowwhichproducedmilkeveryday.8．Iam(terrible)sorrythatIcan’tgotothebookstorewithyouattheappointedtime.【解析】1.personal2.disappointed3.amazing4.hungry5.different6.officially7.Luckily8.terribly形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)Inmyfamily，mymotheristhethinnest①.Myfatherismuchtaller②thanherandme，butheistwiceasheavyas③mymother，andbecomingfatterandfatter④.Heisquiteworriedbecausethefatter⑤heis，themorelikely⑤heistobeill.①形容詞和副詞變比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)，一般直接加-er或-est，以e結(jié)尾直接加-r或-est；一元一輔結(jié)尾注意雙寫(xiě)結(jié)尾輔音，多音節(jié)詞前面加more或themost。兩者或兩部分之間比較，多用比較級(jí)；三者或三者以上的比較，可以使用最高級(jí)。②比較級(jí)常常和than連用，并且可以被much，alittle，abit，even，far，still等詞修飾。③倍數(shù)表達(dá)法：?A＋謂語(yǔ)＋倍數(shù)＋adj./adv.比較級(jí)＋than＋B?A＋謂語(yǔ)＋倍數(shù)＋as＋adj./adv.原級(jí)(＋名詞)＋as＋B?A＋謂語(yǔ)＋倍數(shù)＋the＋名詞(size，length，height，weight等)＋of＋B④“adj./adv.比較級(jí)＋and＋adj./adv.比較級(jí)”表示“越來(lái)越……”。⑤“the＋比較級(jí)...，the＋比較級(jí)...”表示“越……，就越……”。重難點(diǎn)解析1．有少數(shù)幾個(gè)雙音節(jié)形容詞，既可以加-er和-est，又可以加more和most構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。這些雙音節(jié)詞是：common，handsome，quiet，pleasant，cruel，stupid，tired和以-ow，-er結(jié)尾的詞。2．有些形容詞沒(méi)有程度可分或形容詞本身就表示某種程度，因此沒(méi)有比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。這類形容詞有：right(正確的)，wrong(錯(cuò)誤的)，excellent(優(yōu)秀的)，possible(可能的)，empty(空的)，first(第一的)，wooden(木制的)，final(最后的)，east(東方的)，last(最后的)等。3．有些形容詞和副詞變比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)時(shí)為不規(guī)則變化，需牢記。good/well—better—bestbad/ill—worse—worstmany/much—more—mostlittle—less—leastold—older/elder—oldest/eldestfar—farther—farthest(指具體空間上)far—further—furthest(指抽象程度上)4．以“輔音字母＋y”結(jié)尾的詞，先把y變?yōu)閕再加-er和-est。easy—easier—easiesthappy—happier—happiestearly—earlier—earliest5．“否定詞語(yǔ)＋比較級(jí)”也可表示最高級(jí)含義。Nomanisbetterthanyouintheworld.人世間沒(méi)有人比你好。Ihaven’treadamoreinterestingnovel.這是我讀過(guò)的最有趣的小說(shuō)了。一．單句語(yǔ)法填空1．The(much)wedoforthoseinneed，thehappierwe’llbe.2．Roadsafetyhasaroused(wide)attentionofthepublicthanbefore.3．Duringtheendofthe19thcenturyandthebeginningof20thcentury，BeijingOperafinallyformedandbecamethe(big)ofalloperasinChina.4．MrGreenisn’tasstrictateacherMrWhite.5．Ihavenevermeta(kind)teacherthanMrsSmithbefore.6．Theelectronicwastestreamisincreasingthreetimes(fast)thantraditionalgarbageasawhole.7．Thisrestaurantwasn’thalfas(good)asthatonewewentto.8．Whenyoustudythelocalmap，you’llfindthistownistwicesizeofthatone.【解析】1.more2.wider3.biggest4.as5.kinder6.faster7.good8.the隨堂練習(xí)Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticularinteresttoscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters(環(huán)形山)，moresothefamiliarnearside.than【解析】考查介詞。根據(jù)空前的比較級(jí)more可知，此處是將thefarsideofthemoon和thefamiliarnearside進(jìn)行比較。故填than。Onedaytheemperorwantedtogethisportrait(畫(huà)像)donesohecalledallgreatartiststocomeandpresenttheir(fine)work，sothathecouldchoosethebest.finest【解析】考查最高級(jí)。結(jié)合句意及后文的choosethebest可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞最高級(jí)。故填finest。3．Inthe18thand19thcenturies，(wealth)peopletravelledandcollectedplants，historicalobjectsandworksofart.wealthy【解析】考查形容詞。此處修飾名詞people，應(yīng)使用形容詞作定語(yǔ)。故填wealthy。4．Asthesmallboatmoved(gentle)alongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.gently【解析】考查副詞。此處修飾動(dòng)詞moved，應(yīng)用副詞gently作狀語(yǔ)，表示“緩緩地”。故填gently。5．It’snevertooearlytomakenecessarypreparationsforahealthyand(meaning)collegeexperience.meaningful【解析】考查形容詞。這里與前面的healthy并列，修飾后面的名詞collegeexperience，故此處也要用形容詞。故填meaningful。語(yǔ)法填空一A13-yearstudyofearlychildhood1(develop)madebyHarvardUniversityhasshownthat,bytheageofthree,mostchildrenhavethebigpotentialtounderstandabout1,000words—mostofthelanguagetheywilluseinordinaryconversationfortherestoftheirlives.

2(addition),theresearchhasshownthatwhileeverychildwasbornwitha3(nature)curiosity,itcandecline4(great)duringthesecondandthirdyearsoflife.Researcherssaythatthehumanpersonalityisformedduringthefirsttwoyearsoflife,andduringthefirstthreeyearschildrenlearnthe5(base)skillstheywilluseinalltheir6(late)learningbothath