初三英語現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

關(guān)于初三英語現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)第一頁，共十五頁，編輯于2023年，星期日現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是由助動(dòng)詞have（has）+過去分詞構(gòu)成其否定句在Have/has后加not.一般疑問句把have/has提到主語前.動(dòng)詞的過去分詞：規(guī)則變化（和過去時(shí)一樣）不規(guī)則變化：第二頁，共十五頁，編輯于2023年，星期日不規(guī)則變化：am/is-was-beenare-were-beenbegin-began-begunbreak-broke-brokendo-did-donedraw-drew-drawndrink-drank-drunkdrive-drove-driveneat-ate-eatenfall-fell-fallenfly-flew-flownforget-forgot-forgottengive-gave-givengo-went-gonegrow-grew-grownhide-hid-hiddenknow-knew-knownlie-lay-lainride-rode-riddenring-rang-rungshow-showed-shownsee-saw-seensing-sang-sungspeak-spoke-spokentake-took-takencome-came-comerun-ran–runbecome-became-become第三頁，共十五頁，編輯于2023年，星期日1。表過去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,例如Ihavejustcleanedmyclothes.我剛洗過衣服。（“洗衣服”是發(fā)生在過去的動(dòng)作，對現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是“衣服干凈了”）Ihavejusthadmybreakfast.(對現(xiàn)在的影響：不餓)通常與表示包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間副詞just（剛剛）,already（已經(jīng)）,before,yet（一般疑問：已經(jīng)；否定句：還）never,ever等狀語連用①Ihaveneverheardofthatbefore.②Haveyoueverriddenahorse?③Shehasalreadyfinishedthework.④Haveyoumilkedthecowyet?Yes,Ihavedonethatalready.⑤I’vejustfinishedmyhomework.

⑥Hehasnotcomeyet.第四頁，共十五頁，編輯于2023年，星期日2。表示過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，也可以表示實(shí)質(zhì)可能繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。通常和for（段時(shí)間）,since（點(diǎn)時(shí)間）引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語連用.以及sofar,bynow,thesedays,inthelasttenyears等連用。Ihavebeenhereforjustovertwoyears.Hehasworkedheresince1989.從1989年，Ihaven’tseenher

thesedays.ShehaslearntEnglishfor3years/since3yearsago.Theyhavelivedheresince1990.WhathashappenedtotheUSAinthelast350years?第五頁，共十五頁，編輯于2023年，星期日注意點(diǎn)一：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的用法比較現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在甚至?xí)^續(xù)下去或表示過去的動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響；一般過去時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間在過去?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)屬于現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)范圍，因此，不能和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。如：yesterday,lastnight,twoweeksago等試比較：Theplanehasarrived.飛機(jī)已經(jīng)來了。（說明現(xiàn)在的情況：飛機(jī)在這兒）Theplanearrivedaquarterago.飛機(jī)是一刻中以前來的。（強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間在過去）Ihavetaughthereforfifteenyears.我在這兒已經(jīng)教了十五年。（表示十五年前的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，還可能會(huì)繼續(xù)。）Itaughthereforayear.我過去在這兒教過一年。（表示“我“現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在這兒任教了）第六頁，共十五頁，編輯于2023年，星期日PutthefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.A:火車已經(jīng)開走了.B:什么時(shí)候開走的?A:半個(gè)小時(shí)之前開走的.A:這本書我已經(jīng)買了兩年了.B:你在哪兒買的?A:在我老家買的.A:你看過這部電影嗎?B:看過.A:什么時(shí)候看的.B:上周星期天看的.A:Thetrainhasleft.B:Whendiditleave.A:Itlefthalfanhourago.A:haveyouseenthefilm?B:Yes,Ihave.A:Whendidyouseeit?B:IsawitlastSunday.A:I`vehadthebookfortwoyears.B:Wheredidyoubuyit?A:Iboughtitinmyhometown.第七頁，共十五頁，編輯于2023年，星期日注意點(diǎn)二、非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)短暫性動(dòng)詞在肯定句、疑問句中不能與時(shí)間段連用，這些動(dòng)詞是：become,begin,buy,borrow,arrive,come,die,fall,finish,gettoknow,go,join,leave,marry等。為了表述這種意思，我們常用相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞have，keep等來代替非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。他入黨五年了。HejoinedthePartyfiveyearsago.——HehasbeeninthePartyforfiveyears.——HehasbeenaPartymemberforfiveyears.——itisfiveyearssincehejoinedtheParty電影開始五分鐘了。Thefilmbeganfiveminutesago.——Thefilmhasbeenonforfiveminutes.——Itisfiveminutessincethefilmbegan第八頁，共十五頁，編輯于2023年，星期日瞬間動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換come/go—be(in)leave—beawayborrow—keepbuy—havedie—bedeadgettoknow—knowbegin—beongoout—beoffgoout—beoffarrive–behere/theremarry/getmarried(to)—bemarried(to)begintowork/study/live–work/study/leavefallasleep/gettosleep—beasleepjointheParty—beintheParty/beamemberof第九頁，共十五頁，編輯于2023年，星期日√×××√×√√()()()()()()()()Ihaveboughtanewdictionaryforaweek.

Ihavehadanewdictionaryforaweek.我買一本新詞典已有一星期了。Theyhavecomeherefortwodays.Theyhavebeenherefortwodays.他們來這兒已經(jīng)兩天了。HehasjoinedtheLeaguememberfortwoyears.HehasbeenaLeaguememberfortwoyears.他已入團(tuán)兩年了。Themanhasbeendeadforseveralyears.Themanhasdiedforseveralyears.這個(gè)人已經(jīng)死了幾年了。請判斷第十頁，共十五頁，編輯于2023年，星期日1.Ihave

borrowedthebookfor2weeks.()2.Thefilmhas

begun

for5minutes.()ABCABCBkept

Bbeenon3.這輛自行車我買了兩年了。I’ve_____thebike_____twoyears.4.HeleftNanjingtwoyearsago.He____________________Nanjingfortwoyears.5.Themonkeydiedlastmonth.Themonkey_______________foramonth.6.A:Honglong_____you____()B:Twoweeks.A.did,getillB.have,fallenillC.were,illD.have,beenillhadforhasbeenawayfromhasbeendeadD第十一頁，共十五頁，編輯于2023年，星期日注意點(diǎn)三：havebeenin,havebeento與havegoneto的用法1、have(has)beenin表示“在某地（多長時(shí)間）”，現(xiàn)在仍在那里。常與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。例如：Mr.BrownhasbeeninShanghaiforthreedays.布朗來上海已經(jīng)有三天了。TheyhavebeeninCanadaforfiveyears.他們到加拿大有五年了。2、have(has)beento表示“曾經(jīng)去過某地”，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那里了。可與just,ever,never等連用，例如：Ihavejustbeentothepostoffice.我剛才去郵局了。MaryhasneverbeentotheGreatWall.瑪麗從未去過長城。HaveyoueverbeentoHangzhoubefore?你以前曾經(jīng)去過杭州嗎？Have(has)beento后面可接次數(shù)，表示去過某地幾次。例如：Theyhavebeentothatvillageseveraltimes.他們?nèi)ミ^那個(gè)村莊好幾次了。3、have(has)goneto意為“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中?？傊f話時(shí)該人不在現(xiàn)場，例如：----WhereisTom?----Hehasgonetothebookshop.他到書店去了。JackJohnsonhasgonetoLondon.杰克.約翰遜到倫敦去了。第十二頁，共十五頁，編輯于2023年，星期日練習(xí)：用have(has)been或have(has)gone填空A:Where__1__LiFei__1__?B:He__2__toHainanIsland.A:Howlong__3__he__3___there?B:He___4__thereforthreedays.A:Whenwillhecomeback,doyouknow?B:I’mafraidhewon’tcomebackrecently.A:CouldyoutellmethewaytoHainanIsland?B:Sorry,I__5__never__5__there.A:Howmanytimes__6__LiFei__6___tothatplace?B:He__7__thereonlyonce.

第十三頁，共十五頁，編輯于2023年，星期日用括號(hào)中所給的動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式完成下列句子。1.Mary_______(lose)herpen.______you______(see)ithereandthere?2.______you______(find)yourwatchyet?3.---Areyouthirsty?---NO,I______just_______(have)someorange.4.We________already______(return)thebook.5.______they_____(build)anewschoolinthevillage?6.---HasTomtaughtyouEnglish?---Yes,he______(teach)usEnglishfortwoyears.7.I______(notfinish)myhomework