北師大版2022屆英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)限時訓(xùn)練Unit21Humanbiology

Ⅰ.完形填空Mydaughter'scaraccidentlastweekleftmedeeplyshaken.Audreyescapedwithacollarbone(鎖骨)__1__，butfordaysafterthatIcouldn't__2__myheadthethoughtofhoweasilyIcouldhavelosther.Itisahardtruthofparenthoodthatthemoreyoulove,the__3__youhavetolose.Themoreachildgrows,theless__4__youhaveovertheirlife.Youcannot__5__theirhandsastheycrossthestreet,__6__keepthemfromheadingoutonahighwaybecausetherainmightturnto__7__，asitdidthatdaylastweek,inNewHampshire,withmy__8__daughterbehindthewheel.IrememberedthatIlether,forthefirsttime,__9__alonedownourdirtyroadforaquartermile's__10__throughwhatweremostlywoods,tovisitneighborswhojustmovedinwithadaughterofherage.Idressedherupwarmlyforthetripandgaveheraplasticbagfilledwithpeanuts(花生)to__11__alongtheway.Istoodatthewindow,__12__hersteppingdownthedriveway.Thenshe__13__thepeanutsandtheyscattered(撒落)inalldirections;she__14__topickthemupwithhergloveson,whichmadethejob__15__.Thenastrongwindcame.Shegatheredupthepeanutsthatthewindhadn't__16__away,setoutagain,anddroppedthebagagain.Shebentdownasecondtime,pickinguppeanutsonebyone.Ithoughtofhow__17__I'dbeenwithher,just__18__sheleft.HowI'd__19__thatshewastakingtoolongputtingonherboots.ThewayI'dbrushedherhairwasso__20__thatshecriedoutonce.Iwanted,then,torunoutandputmyarmsaroundher,takeherhandandwadedwithhertherestoftheway.ButwhatIdidwasjuststandthere.1．B．goodC．brokenD．hard【答案與解析】C從事故中幸存下來，付出的代價是“斷了”鎖骨。2．outof B．thinkof C．makeuseof D．letout【答案與解析】Agetoutof“消除；擺脫”。此處表示“我腦海中總是縈繞著那種想法”。3． B．less C．quicker D．more【答案與解析】D與前面的themoreyoulove呼應(yīng)，表示愛得越多，就失去得“越多”。4． B．control C．feeling D．care【答案與解析】B與前句呼應(yīng)，孩子越大，對其“控制”就越少。5． B．hold C．wave D．kiss【答案與解析】B與空后的theirhands搭配，只能選hold。6． B．a(chǎn)nd C．but D．for【答案與解析】A否定句中的并列要用or。7． B．snow C．ice D．vapour【答案與解析】C根據(jù)文中女兒受傷了，作者是想告訴我們原因，雨變成冰才導(dǎo)致了這次事故的。8． B．strong C．naughty D．precious【答案與解析】D從整段文章可看出“我”對女兒的“珍愛”。9．off B．runacross C．setabout D．leavefor【答案與解析】Awalkoff“離開；走開”，其他三個選項(xiàng)均不合文意。10． B．trip C．wayD．road【答案與解析】B下一句中有提示。11． B．eat C．count D．throw【答案與解析】B母親給孩子帶了花生，是讓她在路上“吃”。12． B．listening C．watching D．leaving【答案與解析】C從上文中知道這是女兒第一次單獨(dú)出行，此時，母親站在窗前“關(guān)注著”女兒的一舉一動。13． B．fell C．lostD．dropped【答案與解析】D從下文中的“theyscatteredinalldirections”可知。14．B．stood C．bent D．stopped【答案與解析】C根據(jù)下文的“Shebentdownasecondtime...”可知。15．B．interestingC．easyD．difficult【答案與解析】D從上文中的“withhergloveson”判斷，此處應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。16．B．brought C．takenD．thrown【答案與解析】A從上文中的“Thenastrongwindcame”推斷，此處應(yīng)為blown。17．B．patient C．happyD．unhappy【答案與解析】A根據(jù)后者下文在抱怨女兒動作慢可知“我”剛才很不耐煩。18．B．beforeC．a(chǎn)fterD．while【答案與解析】B根據(jù)上下文可知，作者此處指的是在小女孩離開“之前”。19．B．believedC．complained D．thought【答案與解析】C此處作者是“抱怨”女兒穿靴子花了太長的時間。20．B．fast C．differentD．rough【答案與解析】D從后面的“thatshecriedoutonce”可推斷出。Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空21．Firstimpressionsarethemostlasting.Afterall,youneverget________secondchancetomake________firstimpression.A．a(chǎn);theB．the;the C．a(chǎn);a D．the;a【答案與解析】A考查冠詞。題意：第一印象是最持久的。總之，你永遠(yuǎn)不可能有第二次機(jī)會去再給別人留下一次第一印象。22．—TheBellsexpressedtheideatomakepeacewithus.—Idoubt________theyarehonest,sometimestheylie.A．what B．which C．that D．whether【答案與解析】D肯定句中doubt表示懷疑后接whether引導(dǎo)賓語從句。23．Youmayusetheroomasyoulike________youcleanitupafterwards.A．sofaras B．solongas C．incase D．evenif【答案與解析】B題意：只要你后來把房子打掃干凈，你就可以按照你喜歡的方式使用這間房子。aslongas＝solongas“只要”。24．AsfarasI'mconcerned,educationisaboutlearningandthemoreyoulearn,________.A．themoreforlifeareyouequipped B．themoreequippedforlifeyouareC．themorelifeyouareequippedforD．youareequippedthemoreforlife【答案與解析】B從所提供的情境themoreyoulearn，并結(jié)合所給的選項(xiàng)可以確定這是“the＋比較級＋陳述句”，“the＋比較級＋陳述句”的句型，表示“越……越……”。題意：我認(rèn)為，教育是關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí)的事，你學(xué)得越多，你對生活準(zhǔn)備得就越充分。25．Ifthepresidenthadvisitedthehospitalthismorning,it________theheadlineintomorrow'spaper.A．willbeB．couldbe C．hadbeenD．was【答案與解析】B條件從句表示與過去事實(shí)相反，主句表示可能與將來事實(shí)相反。26．Thereason________hegaveforbeinglatewas________heoversleptthismorning.A．why;that B．why;because C．which;that D．which;because【答案與解析】C第1空為定語從句，從句中缺賓語；第2空為表語從句，從句中不缺成分。27．Whenhegothome，hejustplacedhisfilmticket________.Nowhedoesn'tknowwheretofindit.A．a(chǎn)trandom B．invain C．onoccasion D．bychance【答案與解析】A題意：他到家時，將電影票隨意一放，現(xiàn)在他不知哪兒能找到它。atrandom“隨意；任意”；invain“徒勞；白費(fèi)”；onoccasion(s)“偶爾；偶然；有時”；bychance“偶然”。28．Ittookmesometimeto________whatIhadheard.A．suggest B．satisfy C．digest D．contest【答案與解析】C考查動詞。由語境推知題意為：我花了很長時間才領(lǐng)會了所聽到的話的意思。suggest“建議；要求”；satisfy“使高興”；digest“領(lǐng)會”；contest“爭取；爭辯”。29．ShopsinBritainare________fromsellingalcoholtopeopleunderwillbefinedbylawiftheyarefoundtodoso.A．discouraged B．warned C．prohibited D．forbidden【答案與解析】C前句題意：英國禁止商店向18歲以下的人出售酒類商品。prohibit“(用法令或規(guī)章等)禁止”，符合題意。30．Thecountrylifehewasusedto________greatlysince1992.A．change B．havechanged C．changing D．haschanged【答案與解析】Dhewasusedto是一個定語從句，用來對thecountrylife加以限制，句子真正的主語是thecountrylife。又由于句子中有時間狀語since1992，所以要用現(xiàn)在完成時。題意為“1992年以來，他曾習(xí)慣的鄉(xiāng)村生活已發(fā)生了巨大的變化”。31．—Howdoyoufindtheconcertlastnight?—________.Buttheconductorwasperfect.A．Icouldn'tagreemore B．IreallylikeitC．Iwascrazyaboutit D．Idon'tthinkmuchofit【答案與解析】D由答語“Buttheconductorwasperfect”可知，對昨晚的音樂會看法并不好。Idon'tthinkmuchofit.“我認(rèn)為它并不怎么樣。”Icouldn'tagreemore.“我非常同意?！盜reallylikeit.“我真的很喜歡它?！盜wascrazyaboutit.“我非常喜歡它?！?2．Thecompanyusuallypublishes________reportstoinformthepublicaboutthepreviousyear'sactivities.A．monthly B．a(chǎn)uthentic C．a(chǎn)nnual D．weekly【答案與解析】Cmonthly“每月的；每月一次的”；authentic“真正的；原作的；可靠的”；annual“年度的；每年一次的”；weekly“每周的；每周一次的”。33．Ifyouhadstudiedhardatthattime,you________auniversitystudentnow.A．wouldhavebeen B．wouldbeC．a(chǎn)re D．be【答案與解析】B考查混合虛擬條件句的用法。根據(jù)atthattime可知，if引導(dǎo)的從句是對過去的情況進(jìn)行一種假設(shè)，所以用了過去完成時；而主句后有時間狀語now，可知從句是對現(xiàn)在的情況進(jìn)行假設(shè)，故應(yīng)用would/should/could/might＋動詞原形。34．MyfriendMartinwasverysickwithastrangefever；________，hecouldneithereatnorsleep.A．a(chǎn)saresult B．a(chǎn)fterallC．a(chǎn)nyway D．otherwise【答案與解析】A考查連接詞。前后句為因果關(guān)系，即因?yàn)樯《鴮?dǎo)致后面的結(jié)果，故應(yīng)選asaresult。afterall“畢竟；終究”；anyway“不管怎樣；無論如何”；otherwise“否則；要不然”。35．Amancannotsmilelikeachild，________achildsmileswithhiseyes，whileamansmileswithhislipsalone.A．so B．but C．a(chǎn)nd D．for【答案與解析】D考查連詞。因后一句是前一句的原因，故D項(xiàng)正確。for為并列連詞，其作用是補(bǔ)充說明。ASincewearesocialbeings,thequalityofourlivesdependsinlargemeasureonourinterpersonalrelationships.Onestrengthofthehumanconditionsisourpossibilitytogiveandreceivesupportfromoneanotherunderstressful(有壓力的)conditions.Socialsupportmakesupoftheexchangeofresourcesamongpeoplebasedontheirinterpersonalties.Thoseofuswithstrongsupportsystemsappearbetterabletodealwithmajorlifechangesanddailyproblems.Peoplewithstrongsocialtieslivelongerandhavebetterhealththanthosewithoutsuchties.Studiesovertypesofillnesses,fromdepressiontoheartdisease,showthatthepresenceofsocialsupporthelpspeopledefendthemselvesagainstillness,andtheabsenceofsuchsupportmakespoorhealthmorelikely.Socialsupportcushionsstressinanumberofways.First,friends,relativesandco－workersmayletusknowthattheyvalueus.Ourself－respectisstrengthenedwhenwefeelacceptedbyothersinspiteofourfaultsanddifficulties.Second,otherpeopleoftenprovideuswithinformationalsupport.Theyhelpustodefineandunderstandourproblemsandfindsolutionstothem.Third,wetypicallyfindsocialcompanionshipsupportive.Takingpartinfree－timeactivitieswithothershelpsustomeetoursocialneedswhileatthesametimedistracting(轉(zhuǎn)移注意力)usfromourworriesandtroubles.Finally,otherpeoplemaygiveusinstrumentalsupport—moneyaid,materialresources,andneededservices—thatreducesstressbyhelpingusresolveanddealwithourproblems.36．Interpersonalrelationshipsareimportantbecausetheycan________.A．makepeoplelivemoreeasilyB．smoothawaydailyproblemsC．dealwithlifechangesD．curetypesofillnesses【答案與解析】A主旨題。雖然選項(xiàng)B、C、D的內(nèi)容在文章中都談到了，但選項(xiàng)A更全面。另一方面，根據(jù)文章第1段的第1句也可推知答案為A項(xiàng)。37．Theresearchesshowthatpeople'sphysicalandmentalhealth________.A．liesinthesocialmedicalcaresystemswhichsupportthemB．hasmuchtodowiththeamountofsupporttheygetfromothersC．dependsontheirabilitytodealwithdailyworriesandtroublesD．isrelatedtotheircouragefordealingwithmajorlifechanges【答案與解析】B推斷題。從第1段的最后一句話可以做出正確判斷。38．Whichofthefollowingisclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedword“cushions”？A．Takesplaceof. B．Makesupof.C．Lessenstheeffectof. D．Getsridof.【答案與解析】C詞義推測題。文章第2段告訴我們?nèi)伺c人之間互相支持和幫助可以從幾個方面緩解人的壓力。注意文章最后一句中的reduce與選項(xiàng)C中的lessen意思相近。39．Helpingasickneighborwithsomerepairworkinsparetimeisanexampleof________.A．instrumentalsupport B．informationalsupportC．socialcompanionship D．thestrengtheningofself－respect【答案與解析】C細(xì)節(jié)題。從文章第2段內(nèi)容，采用排除法，可以得知答案為C項(xiàng)。BGoldie'sSecretSheturnedupatthedoorstepofmyhouseinCornwall.NowaycouldIhavesentheraway.Noway,notmeanyway.Maybesomeonehadkickedheroutoftheircarthenightbefore.“We'removinghouse.”“Nospaceforheranymorewiththebabycoming.”“Weneverreallywantedher,butwhatcouldwehavedone?Shewasapresent.”Peoplefindallsortsofexcusesforabandoningananimal.AndshewasoneofthemostbeautifuldogsIhadeverseen.IcalledherGoldie.IfIhadknownwhatwasgoingtohappenIwouldhavegivenheramorecreativename.Shewassounsettledduringthosefirstfewdays.Shehardlyateanythingandhadsuchanairofsadnessabouther.TherewasnothingIcoulddotomakeherhappy,itseemed.Heavenknowswhathadhappenedtoheratherpreviousowner's.Buteventuallyattheendofthefirstweekshecalmeddown.Alwaysbymyside,whetherwewereoutononeofourlongwalksorsittingbythefire.That'swhyitwassuchashockwhenshepulledawayfrommeonedaywhenwewereoutforawalk.Wewerealongwayfromhome,whenshestartedbarkingandgettingveryrestless.EventuallyIcouldn'tholdheranylongerandsheracedoffdowntheroadtowardsafarmhouseinthedistanceasfastasshecould.BythetimeIreachedthefarmIwasverytiredandupsetwithGoldie.ButwhenIsawherlicking(舔)thefourpuppies(幼犬)Istartedtofeelsympathytowardsthem.“Wedidn'tknowwhathadhappenedtoher，”saidthewomanatthedoor.“Itookherforawalkoneday,soonafterthepuppieswereborn,andshejustdisappeared.”“Shemusthavetriedtocomebacktothemandgotlost，”addedaboyfrombehindher.ImustadmitIdomissGoldie,butI'vegotNuggetnow,andshelooksjustlikehermother.AndI'velearntagoodlesson:nottojudgepeople.40．HowdidtheauthorfeelaboutGoldiewhenGoldiecametothehouse?A．Shocked.B．Sympathetic.C．Annoyed.D．Upset.【答案與解析】B推斷題。根據(jù)第1段內(nèi)容，特別是第4句以及作者列舉的人們遺棄動物的幾個理由，可以推斷出答案。41．Inherfirstfewdaysattheauthor'shouse,Goldie________.A．feltworriedB．wasangryC．a(chǎn)tealittleD．satbythefire【答案與解析】A細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第2段第3句“Shewassounsettledduringthosefirstfewdays”可知，最初的幾天，這只狗很不安定，憂心忡忡的樣子。42．Goldierushedofftoafarmhouseonedaybecauseshe________.A．sawherpuppiesB．heardfamiliarbarkingC．wantedtoleavetheauthorD．foundherwaytoheroldhome【答案與解析】D細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第2段內(nèi)容可知，Goldie掙脫了作者，向一座農(nóng)舍跑去，因?yàn)樗业搅嘶丶业穆贰?3．Thepassageisorganizedinorderof________.A．timeB．effectivenessC．importanceD．complexity【答案與解析】A推斷題。通讀全文可知，文章是按照時間順序展開的。CTheChinaDailynewspapergroupislookingforEnglish－languageseniorbusinesseditors,seniorcopyeditors,copyeditorsandgraphicdesignerstostrengthenitsinternationalteam.Weofferacompetitivesalarypackage,freeaccommodationwithutilitiespaidfor,90percentmedicalreimbursement,aseven－daypaidleave,eleven－daypublicholidaysandareturntickettothecountryofresidence.SeniorBusinessEditorYoumust：assistthebusinesseditorinsettinggoalsandworkingonachievingthem；beanexcellentteampersonwhocangenerateideasandthinkcreativelyandbeabletorewritetotallyifneededandmentorjuniorstaff；ideallyhavebeenworkingorhaveworkedinapositionofresponsibilityandunderstandwhatleadershipentails；havehadatleastfiveyears'editingexperienceworkingoneditingtheBusinessDeskandbefamiliarwithindustrysoftware.SeniorCopyEditorYoumust：workonshiftsintheBusinessDeskandusuallyhavethelastwordbeforethepageissenttoprint；editorrewritecopyandgivesnappyheadlinesandcaptions；havehadatleasttwoyears'editingexperienceworkingoneditingdesksandbefamiliarwithindustrysoftware.CopyEditorYoumust：begoodateditingorrewritingcopyandwritingsnappyheadlinesandcaptions；beabletoworkonshiftsfordifferentpages，andusuallyhavethelastwordbeforethepageissenttoprint；havetwoyearsofeditingexperienceworkingoncopydesks，andbefamiliarwithindustrysoftware.GraphicDesignerYoumust：haveexcellentskillsininformationgraphics；begoodatillustrationsandfreehanddrawings；beexperiencedinnewspaperormagazinelayouts；haveagoodsenseoftypography；havegoodnewsjudgment；bewellversedwithMacintoshsoftware，includingInDesign，IllustratorandPhotoshop；befluentinEnglish.Forenquiriesortoapply,writetojob_@isthepurposeofthispassage?A．TodescribethepositionsoftheChinaDailynewspapergroup.B．TodescribetheworkingconditionsoftheChinaDailynewspapergroup.C．Toadvertiseforrecruitingsomegoodemployees.D．Totellyouhowtobecomepartofthisgroup.【答案與解析】C主旨題?？v觀全文，尤其是文章的第1段可以看出，這是一則廣告，其目的就是向社會公開招聘English－languageseniorbusinesseditors，seniorcopyeditors，copyeditorsandgraphicdesigners4個崗位上的員工。isnotrequiredaboutGraphicDesigner?A．Bewell－versedwithPhotoshop.B．Haveexcellentskillsininformationgraphics.C．Havingagoodsenseoftypography.D．Writingsnappyheadlinesandcaptions.【答案與解析】D細(xì)節(jié)題。由GraphicDesigner的招聘要求可以看出：Writingsnappyheadlinesandcaptions并非GraphicDesigner所要求具備的。46．Howmanypositionsneededitingexperience?A．2.B．1.C．3.D．4.【答案與解析】C細(xì)節(jié)題。前三個職位的敘述中都提到了對“editingexperience”的要求，只有最后一個崗位沒有這方面的要求。47．Whichcanbethetitleoftheadvertisement?A．ChinaDaily：NewEmployeesWantedB．ChinaDaily：NewspaperC．ChinaDaily：AnInternationalTeamD．ChinaDaily：TheBestWorkingCondition【答案與解析】A推斷題。文章第1段已點(diǎn)明了文章的主旨與目的，就是要招聘人員，所以A項(xiàng)所說的“中國日報社招聘員工”最能概括全文的大意，故可排除其他三項(xiàng)。DIfEnglishmeansendlessnewwords,difficultgrammarandsometimesstrangepronunciation,youarewrong.Haven'tyounoticedthatyouhavebecomesmartersinceyoustartedtolearnalanguage?AccordingtoanewstudybyaBritishuniversity,learningasecondlanguagecanleadtoanincreaseinyourbrainpower.Researchersfoundthatlearningotherlanguageschangesgreymatter.Thisistheareaofthebrainwhichprocessesinformation.Itissimilartothewaythatexercisebuildsmuscles.Thestudyalsofoundtheeffectisgreater,theyoungerpeoplelearnasecondlanguage.AteamledbyDrAndreaMechelli,fromUniversityCollegeLondon,tookagroupofBritonswhoonlyspokeEnglish.Theywerecomparedwithagroupof“earlybilinguals”whohadlearntasecondlanguagebeforetheageof5,aswellasanumberoflaterlearners.Scansshowedthatgreymatterdensity(密度)inthebrainwasgreaterinbilingualsthaninpeoplewithoutasecondlanguage.Butthelongerapersonwaitedbeforemasteringanewlanguage,thesmallerthedifferenceitwillbe.“Ourfindingssuggestthatthestructureofthebrainischangedbytheexperienceoflearningasecondlanguage，”saidthescientists.Itmeansthatthechangeitselfincreasestheabilitytolearn.ProfessorDylanVaughanJonesoftheUniversityofThefindingswerematchedinastudyofnativeItalianspeakerswhohadlearnedEnglishasasecondlanguagebetweentheagesof2and,writing,andcomprehensionwerealltested.Theresultsshowedthattheyoungertheystartedtolearn,thebetter.“Studyingalanguagemeansyougetanentrancetoanotherworld，”explainedthescientists.48．Themainsubjecttalkedaboutinthispassageis________.A．scienceonlearningasecondlanguageB．man'sabilityoflearningasecondlanguageC．languagecanhelpbrainpowerD．languagelearningandmathsstudy【答案與解析】C主旨題。作者在本文第1段中就提出了本文的主題，然后下文圍繞這一主題進(jìn)行深入地闡述，即“語言學(xué)習(xí)可以提高你的智力”。49．Inthesecondparagraph,thewritermentions“exercise”inorderto________.A．saylanguageisalsoakindofphysicallaborB．provethatoneneedsmorepracticewhenhe(she)islearningalanguageC．showtheimportanceofusingthelanguagewhenyoulearnthelanguageD．makepeoplebelievelanguagelearninghelpsgreymatterworkwell【答案與解析】D推斷題。作者在這一段里把語言學(xué)習(xí)對大腦的促進(jìn)作用比作體育鍛煉能促進(jìn)肌肉健全的促進(jìn)作用，就是為了說明語言學(xué)習(xí)對大腦的促進(jìn)有類似的作用。50．Theunderlinedword“bilingual”probablymeans________.A．a(chǎn)researcheronlanguagelearningB．a(chǎn)secondlanguagelearnerC．a(chǎn)personwhocanspeaktwolanguagesD．a(chǎn)nactivelanguagelearner【答案與解析】C詞義猜測題。根據(jù)本詞后的解釋“Theywerecomparedwithagroupof“earlybilinguals”whohadlearntasecondlanguagebeforetheageoffive,aswellasanumberoflaterlearners”可知其意思應(yīng)是“apersonwhocanspeaktwolanguages”。Ⅳ.短文改錯Whatshouldyoudowhenyourparentsbecomeangrily?Ifyourparentsgotmad,trytohaveaconversationwitht