2019年英語新必修二講義Unit2SectionⅡWarmingUpReading-LanguagePoints

Section_ⅡWarming_Up_&_Reading_—_Language_Points一、這樣記單詞記得準·寫得對記得快·記得多Ⅰ.基礎詞匯1.medaln.獎章；勛章；紀念章2.stadiumn.(露天大型)體育場3.motton.座右銘；格言；警句4.swiftadj.快的；迅速的5.hostvt.做東；主辦；招待n.主人6.ancientadj.古代的；古老的Ⅱ.拓展詞匯1.competevi.比賽；競爭→competitionn．比賽；競爭→competitorn．競爭者→competitiveadj.有競爭力的2.magicaladj.巫術(shù)的；魔術(shù)的；有魔力的→magicn．魔術(shù)；魔力→magiciann．魔術(shù)師3.volunteern．志愿者adj.志愿的；義務的v．自愿→voluntaryadj.志愿的；義務的4.regularadj.規(guī)則的；定期的；常規(guī)的→regularlyadv.定期地；規(guī)則地5.basisn．基礎；根據(jù)→basicadj.基本的；基礎的6.athleten．運動員；運動選手→athleticadj.運動的7.admitvt.&vi.容許；承認；接納→admissionn．準入；準許8.slaven．奴隸→slaveryn．奴隸制度9.responsibilityn．責任；職責→responsibleadj.有責任的；負責的1.replacevt.取代；替換；代替[記法]re(重新)＋place(位置；放置)：重新放置別的東西即“取代”。[同義]taketheplaceof,inplaceof,insteadof,displace2.“快的；迅速的”多種表達①swift②quick③fast④rapid3.homelandn．祖國[記法]home(家)＋land(土地)→homelandn．祖國[聯(lián)想]常見的合成詞①mother(母親)＋land(土地)→motherlandn．祖國②foot(腳)＋ball(球)→footballn．足球③book(書)＋shelf(架子)→bookshelfn．書架④earth(地球)＋quake(顫抖)→earthquaken．地震4.“比賽”相關(guān)名詞薈萃①athlete運動員②medal獎牌③competitor競爭者④champion冠軍⑤coach教練5.動詞＋后綴(s)sion變成名詞①admit(v.)容許→admission(n.)準許②permit(v.)允許→permission(n.)許可③decide(v.)決定→decision(n.)決心④express(v.)表達→expression(n.)表達⑤discuss(v.)討論→discussion(n.)討論6.加詞綴ir-/im-變?yōu)榉戳x詞①regular→irregularadj.無規(guī)律的②possible→impossibleadj.沒有可能的③polite→impoliteadj.無禮的二、這樣記短語記牢固定短語多積常用詞塊1.take_part_in參加；參與2．stand_for代表；象征；表示3．a(chǎn)s_well也；又；還4．a(chǎn)s_a_matter_of_fact事實上；實際上5．be_admitted_as被作為……接受6．play_a_very_important_part/role_in在……中起重要作用7．compete_for為……競爭/比賽8．compete_against與……競爭/比賽1.goldmedal金牌2．themottooftheOlympics奧運格言3．everyfouryears每四年/每隔三年4．reachtheagreedstandard達到統(tǒng)一的標準5．notonly...butalso...不但……而且……6．a(chǎn)greathonour極大的榮譽7．regularbasis常規(guī)基礎8．a(chǎn)llabout一切為了三、這樣記句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.Ilivedinwhatyoucall“AncientGreece”...我生活在你們所說的“古希臘”……what引導介詞in的賓語從句并在從句中作call的賓語。Asisknowntous,weliveinwhat_is_calledInformationAge.眾所周知，我們生活在所謂的信息時代。2.It'sintheSummerOlympicsthatyouhavetherunningraces,togetherwithswimming,sailingandalltheteamsports.跑步、游泳、劃船和所有團體項目是在夏季奧運會上進行的。Itis/was＋被強調(diào)部分＋that...是強調(diào)句型，被強調(diào)部分為地點狀語。It_wasbecauseofbadweatherthatthesportsmeetinghadtobeputoff.是因為壞天氣運動會才不得不被推遲。3.Noothercountriescouldjoinin,norcouldslavesorwomen!別的國家不能參加，奴隸和婦女也不能參加！否定詞nor放在句首，引起句子部分倒裝。Ifyoudon'tgototheparty,neither/nor_will_I.如果你不參加那個晚會，我也不去。4.Womenarenotonlyallowed,butplayaveryimportantroleingymnastics,athletics,teamsportsand...婦女不僅允許參加，而且她們還在體操、競技和團體等比賽項目中起著非常重要的作用……notonly...but(also)...“不但……而且……”，連接并列成分。Itnot_onlygotusclosetonature,_but_(also)promotedthefriendshipamongus.它不僅使我們親近自然，也增進了我們之間的友誼。1．(教材P9)HowmanycountriescompetedintheancientOlympicGames?古代奧運會有多少國家參加？competevi.比賽；競爭(1)competein...在某一方面競爭；參加……比賽competefor...為……而競爭competewith/against...與……競爭(2)competitorn.比賽者；對手competitionn.比賽competitiveadj.有競爭力的①MysonwasselectedtocompeteintheLondonmarathon.我兒子被選拔出來參加倫敦的馬拉松比賽。②Onlybycompetingwith/againsteachothercanwemakegreatprogressinourstudy.只有相互競爭，我們才能在學習上取得巨大進步。③Thetwoplayerscompetedwitheachotherforagoldmedal.這兩個運動員為金牌而戰(zhàn)。④Morethan1,000competitors(compete)tookpartinthecompetition(compete)tocompeteforthefirstprize.1000多名參賽者參加這項競賽，競爭第一名的位置。2．(教材P9)WhocouldnottakepartintheancientOlympicGames?誰不能參加古代奧運會？takepartin參加；參與①ManyathletesaredreamingoftakingpartintheOlympicGamesandwinninggoldmedalsfortheirhomeland.許多運動員夢想著參加奧運會，為他們的祖國爭奪金牌。takeanactivepartin積極參加takepart參加②Womenarenowtakinganactivepartinsocialactivities.婦女現(xiàn)在正積極參加社會活動。[辨析比較]takepartin,join,joinin,attendtakepartin指參加群眾性活動、會議并在其中起積極作用join指加入黨派、社會團體、軍隊等并成為其中一員joinin指參與某項活動，口語中常與takepartin通用attend是正式用語，指參加會議、婚禮、典禮，聽報告、講座等，一般指成為觀眾或聽眾選用上述詞語填空③Willyoutake_part_intheEnglisheveningpartywithus?④Willyoualljoin_insingingthesong,please?⑤Iwillattendmycousin'sweddingceremonynextFriday.⑥Itisfiveyearssincehejoinedthearmy.3．(教材P9)WhatdothefiveringsontheOlympicflagstandfor?奧運旗上的五環(huán)代表什么？standfor代表；象征；表示；主張；容忍stand(doing)sth.忍受(做)某事can'tstand(doing)sth.不能忍受(做)某事standby袖手旁觀；支持(某人)standout顯眼；引人注目①Istandforfreedomofspeechforeveryone.我主張人人都有言論自由。②Don'tloseheart;allyourfriendswillstandbyyou.不要灰心，你的所有朋友都會支持你。③Wearingafancyskirt,thegirlalwaysstands_outinthecrowd.穿著花哨的裙子，這個女孩在人群中總是很顯眼。[名師點津]standfor作“代表”講時，不用于進行時態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。4．(教材P9)HeisnowinterviewingLiYan,avolunteerforthe2008OlympicGames.現(xiàn)在他正在采訪一位2008年奧林匹克運動會的志愿者李燕。volunteern．志愿者；志愿兵adj.志愿的；義務的vt.&vi.自愿(1)volunteertodosth.自愿做某事volunteerforsth.自愿做某事volunteerassth.自愿擔任(2)voluntaryadj.自愿的①Thegirlreplacedherbrotherasavolunteertotakepartinthesportsevent.女孩代替哥哥成為志愿者參加了這項體育賽事。②Thecoupleoftenvolunteerto_take(take)partinactivitieshelpingthoseintrouble.這對夫婦經(jīng)常自愿參加幫助有困難的人的活動。③Idosomevoluntary(volunteer)workatthelocalhospital.我在當?shù)蒯t(yī)院從事一些義務工作。5．(教材P10)Onlyathleteswhohavereachedtheagreedstandardfortheireventwillbeadmittedascompetitors.只有達到他們各自項目統(tǒng)一標準的運動員才會被接受參加奧運會。admitvt.&vi.承認；容許；接納admitdoing/havingdonesth.承認做過某事admit...tobe＋adj./n.承認……是……admitthat...承認……admitsb.to/into...允許某人進入……；接收某人(為……成員)①Themaidadmittedthatshehadtakenthewoodenboxapart.女仆人承認是她拆開了木箱。②Throughhishardwork,hewasadmittedinto/tothekeyuniversitylastyear.通過他的勤奮努力，去年他被那所重點大學錄取了。③Themanadmittedstealing/having_stolen(steal)acollectionofvaluablepaintings.這個人承認偷了一批珍貴的油畫。④Youmustadmitthemanto_be(be)stubborn.你必須承認這個人是頑固的。[名師點津]admit后跟動名詞但不能跟不定式作賓語。6．(教材P10)ForeachOlympics,aspecialvillageisbuiltforthemtolivein,amainreceptionbuilding,severalstadiumsforcompetitions,andagymnasiumaswell.每屆奧運會都會有一個特殊的村莊(奧運村)供參賽的人住，一個主要的接待大樓，好幾個供比賽用的體育場，還有一個室內(nèi)體育館。aswell也；又；還(1)aswell常位于肯定句句末，無須用逗號與句子分開(2)aswellas“和；又”常用于句中，連接兩個并列的句子成分(若連接主語及其附屬成分時，謂語動詞與前面的主語保持一致)(3)may/mightaswell還是……為好；只好……①HewasselectedtotakepartintheOlympicGamesaswell.他也被選去參加奧運會。②ManystudentsaswellasTomwere(be)presentatthemeeting.湯姆和許多學生都參加了會議。③Nowthatyouhaveagoodchance,youmay/might_as_wellmakefulluseofit.既然你有一個好機會，你不妨充分利用這次機會。7．(教材P10)It'sagreatresponsibilitybutalsoagreathonourtobechosen.被選中不僅要承擔巨大的責任同時也享有極大的榮譽。responsibilityn．責任；職責(1)asenseofresponsibility責任感takeresponsibilityfor對……負責(2)responsibleadj.負責任的；對……負責的beresponsiblefor對……負責①Thiswillhelpthembuildupasenseofresponsibilitysinceyoung.這將有助于幫助他們從小建立責任感。②Youareinchargeofthecompany,soyoushouldtake_responsibility_forwhatyousaid.你負責這家公司，所以你應該為你所說的負責。③Parentsareresponsiblefortheirchildren'ssafety.父母應負責子女的安全。[名師點津]responsible作前置定語與作后置定語的意義不同：eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(aresponsibleperson有責任心的人,thepersonresponsible責任人))8．(教材P10)Soeventheolivewreathhasbeenreplaced!就連橄欖枝花環(huán)也被取代了！replacevt.取代；替換；代替；把……放回原處replaceAwith/byB用B替換Areplacesth.＋prep./adv.把某物放回到……①It'snotagoodideatomissmealsandreplacethemwith/bysnacks.不吃正餐，改吃點心，這不是什么好主意。②Teacherswillneverbe_replaced(replace)bycomputersintheclassroom.課堂上電腦永遠也代替不了老師。③Thelibrarianaskedmetoreplacethebookontheshelfafterreading.圖書管理員讓我看完書后把它放回書架上。[名師點津]place的相關(guān)短語：①inplaceof代替②takesb.'splace＝taketheplaceofsb.代替某人③beinplace在正確位置；準備妥當1．Ilivedinwhatyoucall“AncientGreece”andIusedtowriteabouttheOlympicGamesalongtimeago.我生活在你們所說的“古希臘”。我曾經(jīng)寫過很久以前奧林匹克運動會的情況。whatyoucall“AncientGreece”是what引導的賓語從句，它在句中充當介詞in的賓語。其中what又在句中作call的賓語，意為“……的地方”。①In1492,ColumbusreachedwhatisnowcalledAmerica.1492年哥倫布到達了現(xiàn)在被稱作美洲大陸的地方。②Atlastwecametowhatiscalled“Tibet”．＝Atlastwecametoaplacethat/whichiscalled“Tibet”．最后我們來到了被稱為“西藏”的地方。2．It'sintheSummerOlympicsthatyouhavetherunningraces,togetherwithswimming,sailingandalltheteamsports.跑步、游泳、劃船和所有團體項目是在夏季奧運會上進行的。本句中It's...that...為強調(diào)句型。(1)強調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)：Itis/was＋被強調(diào)部分＋that＋句子的其他部分．(2)強調(diào)句的一般疑問句：Is/Wasit＋被強調(diào)部分＋that＋句子的其他部分？(3)強調(diào)句的特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子的其他部分？①Itwasinthisshopthatheboughtthebookyesterday.昨天，他正是在這家商店買的這本書。②Itwasyesterdaythatheboughtthebookinthisshop.他是在昨天在這家商店買的這本書。③Wasitlastnightthattheearthquakeoccurred?地震是在昨天晚上發(fā)生的嗎？④Where_was_it_thatthe31stSummerOlympicGamestookplace?第31屆夏季奧運會是在哪里舉行的？[名師點津]until引導的時間狀語從句可以用在強調(diào)句型中，其結(jié)構(gòu)為Itis/wasnotuntil...that...。⑤It_was_not_untilhecamebackthatIknewthetruth.直到他回來我才知道了真相。3．Womenarenotonlyallowed,butplayaveryimportantroleingymnastics,athletics,teamsportsand...婦女不僅允許參加，而且她們還在體操、競技和團體等比賽項目中起著非常重要的作用……(1)句中“notonly...but...”結(jié)構(gòu)意為“不僅……，而且……”，其中but后省略了also。①TheBritishandtheAmericansnotonlyspeakthesamelanguagebut(also)sharealargenumberofsocialcustoms.英國人和美國人不但語言相同，而且有很多相同的風俗習慣。(2)notonly...but(also)...連接的兩個并列成分作主語時，謂語動詞的人稱與數(shù)遵循“就近原則”。②Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherwas(be)againsttheplan.不但學生們反對這個計劃，老師也反對。(3)notonly...but(also)...連接兩個并列分句，且notonly位于句首時，其所在的分句需使用部分倒裝。③Notonlydoesthesungiveuslight,butalsoitgivesusheat.太陽給我們提供光與熱。Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Oneofthevolunteers(volunteer)fortherescueworkinjuredhimselfwhenhelpingothers.2．ItwaswhenIarrivedhomethatIrealizedIhadleftmykeyintheoffice.3．Aftermanydays'voyage,theyarrivedinwhatiscalledAfricanow.4．Aschildren,Lucyandhersisteralwaysusedtocompetewitheachotherforfavouritetoys.5．Ican'tstandgoing(go)outinrushhours.6．Thelocalgovernmentshouldnotignoreitsresponsibility(responsible)orturnablindeyetotheproblem.7．Alltheoldcomputersinvillageschoolswillbe_replaced(replace)withnewones.8．NewscamefromtheschoolofficethatWangLinhadbeen_admitted(admit)toBeijing9．Don'tjuststandby.Can'tyoulendahand?10．Tom,aswellashisfriends,is(be)goingtovisittheexhibitionnextweek.Ⅱ.補全句子1．ApartfromEnglish,hehasagoodcommandofRussianas_well(也)．2．Thegovernmentplanstobringinnewlawsforcingparentstotake_more_responsibility_for(為……承擔更多的責任)theeducationoftheirchildren.3．NotonlyLucybutalsoherfamilyare_fond_of_travelling(喜歡旅行)aroundtheworld.4．Weneed_some_volunteers_to_rescue(需要一些自愿者去營救)thetrappedworkers.5．Generallyspeaking,ourparentshopethatwecantake_an_active_part_in(積極參加)outdooractivities.一、全練語言點，基穩(wěn)才能樓高Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Aslave(奴隸)issomeonewhoisownedbyanotherpersonandworksforthemfornomoney.2．Manycollegestudentsofferedtobevolunteers(自愿者)forOlympicGames.3．Peoplehavelivedinthisvalleysinceancient(古代的)times.4．Hermotto(座右銘)is“Workhard,playhard”．5．Howcantheathletesenjoycompeting(競爭)intheWinterOlympics?6．Londonsucceededinhosting(主辦)the2012OlympicGames.7．Hisencouragementhasamagical(魔力般的)effectonchildren.8．XuHaifengwonthefirstgoldmedal(獎牌)intheOlympicGamesforChina.9．Inordertoleadahealthylife,hegoestothetennisclubregularly(定期地)．10．Doyouknowhowmanyathletes(運動員)fromaroundtheworldcompetedinthe2016OlympicGames?Ⅱ.選詞填空takepartin，standfor，inone'splace，asamatteroffact，usedto，onaregularbasis，competefor，taketheresponsibilityfor，aswell，beadmittedto1.Iamsurethathewillbe_admitted_toTsinghua2．Athletescompete_forgoldmedalsintheOlympicGames.3．Whowilltake_part_inthephysicscontestwillbeannouncedattomorrow'smeeting.4．I'mgoingtoLondonandmysister'sgoingas_well.5．TheAmericanflagstands_forfreedomandjustice.6．Weareadvisedtohaveamedicalexaminationon_a_regular_basis,_whichishelpfultoourhealth.7．As_a_matter_of_fact,_hereceivedaninvitationfromhisbosstoattendtheparty.8．Themanagershouldtake_the_responsibility_forthefailureoftheplan.9．Janewasill,soIwenttotheconferencein_her_place.10．Heused_togofishingatweekends,butnowhelikesplayingtabletennis.Ⅲ.補全句子1．Hewasillyesterday.That's_whyhewasabsentfromthemeeting.他昨天病了。那就是他開會缺席的原因。2．Theyplantedatreeonbothsidesofthestreetevery_few_metres.他們在街道的兩邊每隔幾米栽一棵樹。3．Ifyoudon'ttakepartinthesportsmeeting,neither/nor_shall_I.如果你不參加這次運動會，我也不參加。4．It_was_not_untilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.直到她摘下墨鏡，我才意識到她是個著名的電影明星。5．Taking_part_in_the_English_speech_competitionisahelpfulwaytolearnEnglish.參加英語演講比賽是學習英語的一種很有幫助的方法。Ⅳ.課文語法填空TheOlympicGamesarethe1.biggest(big)sportseventintheworld.TherearetwokindsofOlympicGames.OneistheSummerOlympicGames,andthe2.otheristheWinterOlympicGames.Bothofthem3.are_held(hold)everyfouryears.Allcountriescantakepartiftheirathletesreachthestandardtobeadmitted4.tothegames.Womenarenotonlyallowedtojoinin5.butplayaveryimportantrole.Apetitors(compete)tolivein,includingamainreceptionbuilding,severalstadiumsforcompetitions,agymnasiumandseatsforaudience7.whowatchthegames.Itis8.agreathonourtohosttheOlympicGames.Inaddition,formanycountriesthere'sjustasmuchcompetitiontohosttheOlympicGamesastowinOlympicmedals.Nowadaystheolivewreath9.has_been_replaced(replace)bymedals.Butit'sstillallaboutbeingabletorunfaster,jump10.higher(high)andthrowfurther.Ⅴ.串點成篇微表達不僅杰克而且（notonly...butalso...）他妹妹都被帶去觀看了2016年里約奧運會。他們看到了代表（standfor）五大洲的奧運五環(huán)旗（thefiverings）。這意味著任何一個國家都能參加（takepartin）奧運會。但只有達到他們各自項目統(tǒng)一標準的運動員（athlete）才會被接受為（beadmittedas）奧運會競賽選手（competitor）。奧運會也（aswell）有一些志愿者（volunteer）提供服務。奧運會的格言（motto）是“更快（swift）、更高、更強”。Not_only_Jack_but_also_his_sister_was_taken_to_watch_the_2016_Rio_Olympic_Games._They_saw_the_five_rings_in_the_Olympic_flag_which_stand_for_the_five_continents_on_the_earth._It_means_any_country_can_take_part_in_the_Olympic_Games._But_only_athletes_who_have_reached_the_agreed_standard_for_their_event_will_be_admitted_as_competitors._There_are_some_volunteers_as_well_who_offer_help_for_the_Olympic_Games._The_motto_of_the_Olympic_Games_is_“Swifter,_Higher_and_Stronger”．二、勤練高考題型，多練自能生巧Ⅰ.完形填空Ilovehelpingothers.Onedayoneyearago,Iwasonatourpromoting(促進)actsof__1__inDenver.ImetamancalledJamesMoss.JamesMosswasa(n)__2__fatherlivinginthecitywithhis2-year-oldson.WhenIfirstmetMoss,Ididnot__3__thefather'ssituation.AfterspeakingwithhimI__4__thatMosshadmovedfromNewYorktoDenveronlyafewdaysbefore.Iwas__5__toldhehadnThoughhehadnohomewithayoungchild,Mosshada__6__attitude.Heexplainedthathewashappyand__7__inside.Healsosaidhe'dchangehis__8__soon.Attheendofour__9__，IgaveMossD|S1,000andaweeklongstayina__10__withhisson.__11__weweretalking,Irecordedourtalk.LaterIpostedthevideoonYouTube.ButI__12__todomoretohelpthefather.I__13__aGoFundMecampaign.“Jamesisa__14__fatherandman，”Iwroteonthecampaignsite.“Let'smakekindness__15__tohimandhissonandshowhimsomeloveandthattherearestillgood__16__inthisworld.”Injustfivedays,morethanD|S35,000wasdonatedtothecampaign.I__17__allthemoneytoMoss.Withthatmoney,Moss__18__hislifeinDenver.Nowhehasa__19__andcanaffordanapartmenttoliveinandhissonisnowindaycare.I'msogladthatI__20__thismanandhisson.語篇解讀：作者幫助了一位無家可歸的父親，讓他跟他兒子過上了更好的生活。1．A.encouragement B．developmentC．happiness D．kindness解析：選D根據(jù)后文作者幫助JamesMoss的語境可知，作者是在促進“好心”行為。2．A.honest B．oldC．homeless D．terrible解析：選C根據(jù)本段末句“hehadn'tfoundahousetolivein”可知，JamesMoss是位“無家可歸的”父親。3．A.makeup B．hopeforC．referto D．knowof解析：選D作者跟JamesMoss不熟悉，一開始并不“知道”他的處境。4．A.wished B．guessedC．learned D．suggested解析：選C根據(jù)“Afterspeakingwithhim”可知，跟JamesMoss聊了一會后，作者“知道”了他的一些情況。5．A.hardly B．a(chǎn)lsoC．still D．never解析：選B作者“還”被告知JamesMoss沒有地方住。6．A.positive B．strangeC．disappointing D．friendly解析：選A根據(jù)“Heexplainedthathewashappy”可知，JamesMoss有著“樂觀的”態(tài)度。7．A.brave B．peacefulC．surprised D．worried解析：選BJamesMoss有著樂觀的態(tài)度，他的內(nèi)心應該是“平靜的”。8．A.attitude B．nameC．a(chǎn)ddress D．situation解析：選D上文中作者和JamesMoss聊到了JamesMoss的處境，故JamesMoss應該說他會設法改變他的“處境”。9．A.story B．planC．chat D．tour解析：選C根據(jù)前文可知，作者跟JamesMoss在聊天，故這里是指“聊天”快結(jié)束的時候。10．A.street B．hotelC．factory D．school解析：選BJamesMoss跟兒子沒地方住，作者應該安排他們在“賓館”里住了一個星期。11．A.Before B．ThoughC．Unless D．While解析：選D這里是指當作者跟JamesMoss聊天的時候，順便拍了視頻，故選D項，表示“當……時”。12．A.decided B．fearedC．refused D．pretended解析：選A根據(jù)后文可知，作者“決定”做更多的事情來幫助JamesMoss。 B．startedC．improved D．found解析：選B為了幫助JamesMoss，作者“發(fā)起”了GoFundMecampaign。 B．boringC．great D．calm解析：選C為了能夠幫助JamesMoss獲得捐款，作者應該說他是一位“很好的”父親。15．A.repeat B．moveC．spread D．happen解析：選D這里是指讓善良的舉動“發(fā)生”。 B．peopleC．ideas D．harvests解析：選BJamesMoss