高中英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)成分綜合講解和練習(xí)題無答案

英語句子按照結(jié)構(gòu)可分為三大類： .簡(jiǎn)單句:只包含一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的句子，有時(shí)可以有并列主語或并列謂語。基本句型：.Weworkhard.act,come,go,work,last,fall,cry,disappear,appear,smile,rise,ring,live,look,listen,laugh,hurry,talk,sleep,retire,graduate,die,care,agree,jump,fail,wait,succeed,stay,sit,lie,shine,happen,takeplace,rain,snow,ect..WestudyEnglish..Hisvoicesoundsbeautiful.1）表示狀態(tài)的連系動(dòng)詞有:beappearseemkeepremainstay等.）表示感覺的連系動(dòng)詞有:lookfeelsmellsoundtaste等.）表示轉(zhuǎn)變的連系動(dòng)詞有:becomefallgetgogrowturn等boughtheranewbike.bring;give;hand;offer;pass;lend;show;teach;tell..…;writesb.sth.=writesth.tosb.Wesawhimgoout.//〃； Illtellhertocleantheroom.See;watch;hear;feel;find;get;keep;make;notice;have;leave;catch；call等。2并列句：兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上互相關(guān)聯(lián)而又相互獨(dú)立的簡(jiǎn)單句用并列連詞或分號(hào)連接構(gòu)成。并列連詞：and;but;so;or等。Ihavealotofhomeworktodo,soIcan'tgowithyounow.Walterofferedusaliftwhenhewasleavingtheoffice,butourworknotbeingfinished,werefusedtheoffer.3復(fù)合句：如果句子的主語，賓語，表語，定語，狀語等部分是由一個(gè)分句構(gòu)成，我們稱全句為復(fù)合句。①Weshallgoassoonasweareready.②ThatisnotwhatIlike..主語：句子敘述的對(duì)象，通常位于謂語動(dòng)詞前面。①Tom//HelikestolearnEnglish. ②Readingisapleasure.③Toseeistobelieve. ④WhatIwanttoknowishowtogetthere.⑤madehimunhappy.（comelate）.⑥Believeitornot,itisthatcausesyourillness.becauseofyourbeingoverweight B.becauseyouareoverweightyouaresooverweight D.yourbeingoverweight2.謂語：是對(duì)主語加以說明，說明主語發(fā)出的行為或所處的狀態(tài)。（時(shí)態(tài)；語態(tài)）Seeingnobodyathome,Idecidedtocomeagain.Helikesplayingthepiano.Seeingnobodyathome,Idecidedtocomeagain.is//am//aredoneis//am/arebeingdonehave//hasbeendonewas//weredonewas//werebeingdonehadbeendonewillbedoneis//am//aredoneis//am/arebeingdonehave//hasbeendonewas//weredonewas//werebeingdonehadbeendonewillbedonewillhavebeendone1.Pleastellusastory. 2. Shesmiled.3.Ihavealotworktodo.4.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.5.Henoticedamanentertheroom.6.Pleaselookatthepicture.三.句子成分.主語：句子敘述的對(duì)象，通常位于謂語動(dòng)詞前面。①Tom//HelikestolearnEnglish. ②Readingisapleasure.③Toseeistobelieve. ④WhatIwanttoknowishowtogetthere.⑤madehimunhappy.(comelate).⑥Believeitornot,itisthatcausesyourillness.becauseofyourbeingoverweight B.becauseyouareoverweightyouaresooverweight D.yourbeingoverweight2.謂語：是對(duì)主語加以說明，說明主語發(fā)出的行為或所處的狀態(tài)。(時(shí)態(tài)；語態(tài))Helikesplayingthepiano.Seeingnobodyathome,Idecidedtocomeagain.Whengoingshopping,ImeetMary.do//does//is//am//areis/am/aredoinghave//hasdonedid//was//werewas//weredoinghaddonewilldowillbedoingwillhavedone3.Whengoingshopping,ImeetMary.do//does//is//am//areis/am/aredoinghave//hasdonedid//was//werewas//weredoinghaddonewilldowillbedoingwillhavedone3.賓語：表示謂語動(dòng)詞的行為對(duì)象。①Iwanttobuyanewcar.③Hesuggestedputtingoffthemeeting.4.表語Mywishistobecomeapilot.is//am//aredoneis//am/arebeingdonehave//hasbeendonewas//weredonewas//werebeingdonehadbeendonewillbedonewillhavebeendoneIcangiveyousomesuggestions.④Herequiredthatwestartatonce.②Yourvoicesoundsbeautiful.Thetroubleiswherewecanfindsuchanexpert.Seeingisbelieving. ⑤Heismyteacher.雙賓buy,bring,give,teach,pass,show,tell,lend,offer等5.賓補(bǔ)-----說明賓語是什么，怎么樣。See;watch;hear;feel;find;get;keep;make;notice;have;leave;catch；call等。Iheardthegirlsingingintheclassroom.Peoplefoundthewaterpolluted.Theykeptmefortwohours.(wait)Ioftenhearthissong(sing)inthestreet.WeheardTominthenextdoor.(sing)Wesawthethief(catch)bythepolice.Hewasseen(go)downstairs)6.定語：修飾名詞。說明其性質(zhì)，特征，數(shù)量，所屬等。1.)Hishandwritingwasondisplayintheschool. 2.)Thefirstlessonisaboutanimal.3.)Doyouknowthedancinggirl? 4.)Doyouknowhaveanythingtoask?5.)Thetreeinfrontofmyhouseisverytall. 6.)Sheisawomandriver.7.)Canyoulendthenovelthatyoutalkedabouttheotherday。7.狀語：修飾動(dòng)詞或全句，可表時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)；方式；目的；原因；條件；結(jié)果等。1.)Wewenttheretoaskthem. 2.)HecamebackfromAfrica,tiredandhungry.3).I’dliketogoswimmingiftheweatheristoohot.4)Hearingtheexcitingnews,hecriedout.5)Childasheis,heknowsalot.8.同位語：與其前的詞語所指相同，句法功能相同，共同構(gòu)成同位語結(jié)構(gòu)的詞語。)OurEnglishteachermadeasuggestionthattheEnglishtestbeputoffuntilnextWednesday..AuntLi,mymother,sfriend,iscoming..We,agenerationborninthe90s,liketohelpeachother.四.劃分句子結(jié)構(gòu).Fromthetimewhenhewasyoung,hehadknownwhathewantedtobewhenhegrewup.2,Hegavehismotheragoldnecklaceforherbirthday,whichpleasedheralot.3.Whydoyouwanttochangeyourjobwhenyoualreadyhaveagoodone?tisnecessarythatyoushouldcheckupthepaperbeforehandingitin..Herefusedtoanswerthequestionhowhegotallhismoney..HissuggestionthatweshouldgototheFragrantHillinterestedeveryoneofus..ThenewsthatShenZhouSpaceshipsafelyreturnedfromspaceonSeptember28th2008excitedalltheChinesepeople.你能辨識(shí)出是哪種基本句子結(jié)構(gòu)嗎？Thesunrose.Whocares?Whathesaiddoesnotmatter.Theytalkedforhalfanhour.ThepenwritessmoothlyThisisanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.Thedinnersmellsgood.Hefellinlove.Everythinglooksdifferent.Heisgrowingtallandstrong.Ourwellhasgonedry.Hisfaceturnedred.Whoknowstheanswer?Hehasrefusedtohelpthem.Heenjoysreading.Hesaid"Goodmorning."Headmitsthathewasmistaken.Sheorderedherselfanewdress.Hebroughtyouadictionary.Ishowedhimmypictures.Itoldhimthatthebuswaslate.Heshowedmehowtorunthemachine..Thewarmadehimasoldier..Newmethodsmakethejobeasy.oftenfindhimatwork.4.Theteacheraskthestudentstoclosethewindows.sawacatrunningacrosstheroad.,SV b, SVPc,SV0d,SVo0 e,SV0CPleastellusastory.Shesmiled.Ihavealotworktodo.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.Henoticedamanentertheroom.Pleaselookatthepicture.找出句子中的定語：Twoboysneedtwopens.HisnameisTom.TheboyinblueisTom.Theboythereneedsapen.Theboyneedsaballpen.Thereisnothingtodotoday.ThepenboughtbyherismadeinChina.TheboyyouwillknowisTom.句子中狀語在哪里？Intheclassroom,theboyneedsapen.Beforehismother,Tomisalwaysaboy.OnSundays,thereisnostudentintheclassroom.Hesitsthere,askingforapen.Havingtofinishhishomework,theboyneedsapen.Frightened,hesitstheresoundlessly.Theboyneedsapentodohishomework.Tomakehisdreamcometrue,Tombecomesveryinterestedinbusiness.Wechattedaswewalkedalong.Evenifshelaughsathim,headoresher.一）挑出下列句中的賓語Mybrotherhasn'tdonehishomework.PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.④Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?⑤Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?⑥Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.（二）挑出下列句中的表語Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.（三）挑出下列句中的定語Whatisyourgivenname?Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.Iamwaitingforthesoundoftheothershoe!（四）挑出下列句中的賓語補(bǔ)足語①Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.②Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.③Shefounditdifficulttodothework.④TheycallmeLilysometimes.IsawMrWanggetonthebus.（五）挑出下列句中的狀語①Therewasabigsmileonherface.②Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.③HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.④Themanonthemotorbikewastravelingtoofast.⑤Withthemedicineboxunderherarm,MissLihurriedoff.Shelovesthelibrarybecauseshelovesbooks.Iamafraidthatifyou'velostit,youmustpayforit.ThestudentsfollowedUncleWangtoseetheothermachine.劃分句子成分Youwilltellyourfriendthatyou,vegottoschool.Butasthemoongavefartoomuchlight,Ididn,tdareopenawindow.Anothertimefivemonthsago,Ihappenedtobeupstairsatduskwhenthewindowwasopen.Thedark,rainyevening,thewind,thethunderingcloudsheldmeentirelyintheirpower.翻譯練習(xí)：1.昨晚我寫了一封信。.這本書他讀過多次了。.他們成功地完成了計(jì)劃。（carryout）.你們必須在兩周內(nèi)看完這些書。（finishdoing）.那位先生能流利地說三種語言。.我開窗戶你在意嗎？(mind).Jim還不會(huì)自己穿衣服。(dressoneself).我收到了筆友從澳大利亞寄來的信。.我們大家都相信Jack是一個(gè)誠實(shí)男孩。.他不知道說什麼好。.他每天早晨洗冷水澡。(takeabath).他們高度贊揚(yáng)了英雄的業(yè)跡(thedeeds)。(singpraisefor).我認(rèn)為乘船去那里更舒服些。.我認(rèn)為有可能用另一種方法解題。.我認(rèn)為與那個(gè)人談話是無益的。.我們要使學(xué)校變得更美麗。.他請(qǐng)我們參加做游戲。.我要你把真相告訴我。.明天我要找人來修理機(jī)器。并列句轉(zhuǎn)換為簡(jiǎn)單句.Shewasill,soshedidn,tattendthelecture.--.Heiswealthy,butheisunhappy.---并列句轉(zhuǎn)換為復(fù)合句.Thebuswascrowded,butImanagedtofindaseat.---.hurryup,oryou,llmissthetrain.——復(fù)合句轉(zhuǎn)換為簡(jiǎn)單句5.Itisnaturalthatacatcatchesmice.6.Itsohappendthatapolicemanwasatthesceneoftheaccident.課后練習(xí)：.這本書是有關(guān)美國歷史的書。.她的工作是在幼兒園里照看兒童。.他失業(yè)了。.樹葉已經(jīng)變黃了。.這個(gè)報(bào)告聽起來很有意思。.我們叫她Alice..他的父母給他取名為John..我們大家都認(rèn)為他是誠實(shí)的。.他們把門推開了。.他們把小偷釋放了。.痛苦使得他叫喊起來。.我們不會(huì)讓她在晚上外出的。.他每個(gè)月理一次發(fā)。.我要請(qǐng)人把我的錄音機(jī)修理一下。.那可怕的聲音把孩子們嚇壞了.她正在聽人家講故事。.男孩子們都在看士兵們操練。.我從來沒看見這個(gè)字這樣用過。.他感到很難跟你交談?dòng)⒄Z句子成分練習(xí)用符號(hào)劃出下列短文各句中的主語(=)、謂語(一)、賓語(?)：Ihopeyouareverywell.I'mfine,buttired.RightnowitisthesummervacationandI'mhelpingmyDadonthefarm.Augustisthehottestmonthhere.Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.Sometimeswegoonworkingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors.WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat.Wehavealotofmachinesonthefarm.Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim.Butheemploysmoremenfortheharvest.Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden.Itdoesn'toftenraininthesummerhere.Asaresult,wehavetowaterthevegetablegarden.Everyeveningwepumpwaterfromawell.Itthenrunsalongchannelstodifferentpartsofthegarden.二、用符號(hào)劃出下列短文各句中的定語(一)、狀語(=)、補(bǔ)語(?)：MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty,evenatharvesttime.Thesepartiesoftenmakeusveryhappy.Wecookmeatonanopenfireoutside.It'sgreat!Americanseatalotofmeat—toomuchinmyopinion.Someofmyfriendsdrinkbeer.Idon't,becauseIhavetodrivehomeaftertheparty.InyourletteryouaskedaboutthetimeindifferentareasoftheStates.TherearefivedifferenttimeareasintheStates.InmystatewearefourteenhoursbehindBeijingtime.HowmanydifferenttimeareasdoyouhaveinChina?Well,Imuststopandgetsomesleep.Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourparents.A.that B.when C.inwhichD.whereTOC\o"1-5"\h\z實(shí)義動(dòng)詞還是系動(dòng)詞？1、Shelookswell.( )Shetriedtolookattheblackboardbutsawnothing.( )2、Thestudentsfeltunhappy.( )Ifeltsomeonetouchmyback.( )3、Itwassnowinghardwhenhegottothecity.( )It'stoolate.It'sgettingdarkeranddarker.( )4、Theteacheraskedthestudenttoturnitover.( )Theleavesofthetreesturngreenwhenspringcomes.( )5、Theyoungtreesgrowfast.( )Itbegantogrowdark.( )6、Thebellsoundedat12o’clockforlunch.( )Themusicsoundsnice.( )Iwrotealetterlastnight.Hehasreadthisbookmanytimes.Theyhavecarriedouttheplansuccessfully.Youmustfinishreadingthesebooksintwoweeks.Thatgentlemencanspeakthreelanguagesfluently.Doyoumindmyopeningthewindow?Jimcannotdresshimself.IreceivedaletterfrommypenfriendinAustralia.AllofusbelievethatJackisanhonestboy.Hedidnotknowwhattosay.Hetakesacoldbatheverymorning.Theysanghighpraiseforthedeedsofthehero.Thisbook