金融英語劉文國第二版課后練習(xí)Exercises 08

AnswersforChapterⅠAnswerthefollowingquestionsinEnglish:1.Inwhatsectionofthebalancesheetwouldonefindpatentsandtrademarks?Patentsandtrademarkscanbefoundinsectionintangiblesection.2.Whichdepreciationmethodbasesdepreciationexpenseforagivenperiodonactualuse?TheStraight-linedepreciationmethodbasesdepreciationexpenseforagivenperiodonactualuse.3.Whichfinancialstatementispreparedasofaparticulardateratherthanforaperiodendingonaparticulardate?Thebalancesheetispreparedasaparticulardate.4.Whohastheprimaryresponsibilityforthefinancialstatements?Managerhastheprimaryresponsibilityforthefinancialstatements.5.Atwhatvalueislandusedinabusinessshownonthebalancesheet?Landisshownonthebalancesheetathistoricalvalue.6.WhichofthefollowingresultsfromusingtheLIFOmethodofinventorycostflowsduringaperiodofinflation?TheresultishighercostsofgoodssoldbyusingtheLIFOmethodofinventoryduringaperiodofinflation.7.Whatreflectsthenettaxeffectsofthetemporarydifferencesbetweenthecarryingvaluesofassetsandliabilitiesforfinancialreportingpurposesandamountsusedforincometaxpurposes?Thedeferredincometaxesresultfromtemporarydifferencesintaxableandfinancialstatementincome.8.Whatisthecostofafixedassetlessitsaccumulateddepreciation?Itisthenetvalueofthefixedassets.9.Howareheld-to-maturitysecuritiesreportedonthebalancesheet?Itisreportedascurrentassetsonthebalancesheet.10.Howmanytypesofinventoriesdoesamanufacturingfirmlistonitsbalancesheet?Therearethreetypesofinventoriesthatthemanufacturingfirmlistonitsbalancesheet.Suchasrawmaterial,working-in-processandfinishedproducts.11.WhatdoestheFIFOinventorymethodassumeaboutthefirstunitspurchased?TheFIFOinventorymethodassumesthatthefirstunitspurchasedshouldbefirstinuseinordertoreflectthehistoricalcostofgoodssold.

12.Whatdoesacompanyrecordwhenitreceivesacashpaymentforservicesbeforeitperformstheservices?Thecompanyshouldrecorditasaliability(unearnedrevenue)increasedandmeanwhilecashincreased.Dr.CashCr.Liability(Unearnedrevenue)ⅡFillintheeachblankwithanappropriatewordorexpression:1.Basicearningspersharearecomputedbydividingnetincomebynumberofoutstandingshares.2.Financialstatementsmustbepreparedinaccordancewithgenerallyacceptedaccountingprinciples.3.Theannualdepreciationexpenseusingthedouble-declining-balancemethodisequaltomultiplythetwiceofstraight-lineratebythebookvalueatthebeginningoftheyear.4.FinancialinstrumentsthatderivetheirvaluefromanunderlyingassetorindexarecalledDerivatives.5.Accountsreceivablearereportedonthebalancesheetattheirnetrealizablevalue.6.Thebookvalueofproperty,plant,andequipmentisthepurchasepriceminusaccountingdepreciationexpense.7.Thereportingofinventoryvaluesatthelowerofcostormarketreflectstheaccountingprincipleorconventionofhistorical.ⅢTranslatethefollowingsentencesandpassageintoEnglish:1.公司財務(wù)報表既反映了公司的財務(wù)狀況，同時也是公司經(jīng)營狀況的綜合反映。因此，通過分析公司財務(wù)報表，就能對公司財務(wù)狀況及整個經(jīng)營狀況有個基本的了解。Corporatefinancialreportsrevealacompany’sfinancialcondition;simultaneouslyitisalsothesynthesisreflectionofoperatingstateofcompany.Sowecanhaveabasicunderstandtotheentirecorporatefinanceandoperationconditionthroughanalyzingcorporatefinancereports.2.分析公司財務(wù)報表可以掌握反映公司經(jīng)營狀況的一系列基本指標(biāo)和變化情況，了解公司經(jīng)營實力和業(yè)績，并將它們與其他公司的情況進(jìn)行比較，從而對公司的內(nèi)在價值作出基本的判斷。Throughanalyzingcorporatefinancereports,wecanknowaseriesofbasictargetandthediversificationsituationreflectedcompanystateofoperation,wecanalsounderstacompany’stheoperatingstrengthandtheachievement,bymeansofcomparingthesesituationwithotherswethusmakethebasicjudgmenttocompany'sintrinsicvalue.

3.4.5.6.

按有關(guān)規(guī)定，上市公司應(yīng)將其中期財務(wù)報表上半年的)和年度財務(wù)報表公開發(fā)表。這樣，一般投資者可從有關(guān)報刊上獲得上市公司的中期和年度財務(wù)報表。Accordingtotherequest,listedcompaniesshouldbedisposuretheirinterimfinancialstatements(thefirsthalfoftheyear)andannualreportsinpublic,so,generalinvestorscanreadinterimfinancialstatementsandannualreportsoflistedcompanyinpublicmedia.公司中期報表較為簡單，年度報表則較為詳細(xì)，但上市公司的各種財務(wù)報表至少應(yīng)包括兩個基本報表，即資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表和利潤及利潤分配表。Theinterimreportissimpler,whileannualreportismoreindetail,butatleast,itmustbeincludetwobasicfinancialstatements:balancesheetandincomestatementinallkindsoffinancialstatementsoflistedcompany.資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表是一張靜態(tài)報表，反映了該報表截止時間時公司的資金來源及分布狀況。對該表的基本分析內(nèi)容包括了解分析公司當(dāng)時的財務(wù)結(jié)構(gòu)、經(jīng)營能力、盈利水平和償債能力。Balancesheetisastaticstatement,anditreflectsresourceanddistributedconditionofthefundatthecutofftimeofstatement,thefundamentalanalysisaboutthisstatementincludefinancialstructure,operatingstrength,profitabilityabilitytoreducedebt.對財務(wù)狀況的分析不能靜態(tài)地看一個數(shù)據(jù)或一張報表的內(nèi)容，而應(yīng)將各種財務(wù)數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)合起來綜合分析才能看出問題的實質(zhì)。Theanalysisoffinancialsituationcannotjustonlylookatonedigitalorcontendofapieceofstatementinstatic,theessenceofproblemcanbefoundthroughcombiningofallkindsoffinancialstatementdatawiththegeneralizedanalysis.ⅣTranslatethefollowingsentencesandpassageintoChinese:1.Thesignificanceoftransparent,timelyandreliablefinancialstatementsanditsimportancetoinvestorprotectionhasneverbeenmoreapparent.財務(wù)報表的透明，實時和可靠和對投資者保護的重要性從未明顯的顯現(xiàn)。2.Ifacompanyfailstoprovidemeaningfuldisclosuretoinvestorsaboutwhereithasbeen,whereitisandwhereitisgoing,adamagingpatternensues.如果公司不能披露諸如公司取得什么成績正在做什么和將要做什么等有意義的信息給投資者,公司將面臨困難局面。3.Thebondbetweenshareholdersandthecompanyisshaken;investorsgrowanxious;pricesfluctuatefornodiscerniblereasons;andthetrustthatisthebedrockofourcapitalmarketsisseverelytested.如果股票持有人與公司間的信譽關(guān)系不穩(wěn)固投資者就會增加憂慮,進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致不明原因的價格波動,資本市場的根基信譽將受到嚴(yán)峻地考驗.

4.Whenwelookatthebalancesheetweneedtoknowhowtoassessthenumbers.Financialratioscanbecalculatedfromthebalancesheet,andthesehelptheinvestorunderstandthestateofliquidityandgrowthpotentialofthecompanyinquestion.在查閱資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表時我們需要知道如何評價這些數(shù)據(jù)借助于資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表中的數(shù)據(jù)我們可以計算出財務(wù)比率,這些財務(wù)指標(biāo)有助于投資者了解公司在資金的流動性和增長潛力等方面的情況.5.Abalancesheet,alsoknownasa"statementoffinancialposition",revealsacompany'sassets,liabilitiesandowners'equity(networth).資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表,通常被認(rèn)為財務(wù)狀況變動表它揭示了公司的資產(chǎn),負(fù)債和所有者權(quán)益(凈值).6.Theincomestatementcoversaspecificperiodoftime.Itisusuallyreleasedeveryfinancialquarter,andattheendofthefiscalyear(FY).損益表揭示了一個特定時間周期的收益數(shù)據(jù)損益表通常在每個財務(wù)季度和財務(wù)年度末公開發(fā)表.

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