翻譯講義初探考研英語強(qiáng)化課程

翻郵箱 翻譯原

54倒裝意譯為增詞減詞適 一 內(nèi)2長(zhǎng)難句分3語篇上下文的聯(lián)系主 代詞的用1詞意的曲199472題aleaderofthenewschoolcontends中199574whenthequalitiestobemeasured中199674題elegantsystem199771題thereisanagreedaccountofhumanrights “認(rèn)識(shí)，看法”，而不是“賬戶199875題somerespectedideas中“公認(rèn)”，而不是“受人尊敬的”199974題appropriatetovariousbranchofhistoricalinquiry中，inquiry？是“研究，探究，探索”，而不是“詢問”2001年75題Andhomeapplianceswill esosmartthat...中，smart？200265題atechnologyofbehaviorwillcontinuetoberejected中，technology？200365題中l(wèi)iketheconceptofsetinmathematics中，set？是“集，集合”而不是“一套，放置”；200462題weareobligedtothem中 “感謝，感激”的意思，而不是“被迫200548題afactunderlinedbystatistics中，underline？是“強(qiáng)調(diào)，表明，突出”，而不是“下劃線”2、解決方詞義選擇的重要根據(jù)詞性、詞根、詞綴來確定詞根據(jù)上下文和漢語習(xí)However,theworldissomadethattheelegantsystemareinprincipleunabletodealwithsomeoftheworld’smorefascinatinganddelightfulaspects.(199674題)參考譯文：然而，世Socialscienceisthatbranchofin lectualenquirywhichseekstostudyhumansandtheirendeavorsinthesamereasoned,orderlysystematicanddispassionedmanner.(200362題) 看懂原進(jìn)行拆拆分即可翻Hisstateofweaknesswassuchthathewasunabletodigestanyfood,heconsumedbyfever,andhewouldhavediedbuttheattentionofhisfriendswhorescuedhimfromtheexcessesintowhichhehadbeenthrowing拆分的信號(hào)標(biāo)點(diǎn)符連詞：andorbutyetfor等并列連詞；連接狀語從句的連接詞：when,assince,untilbefore,after,where, since,thoughtalthoughso 等,,等關(guān)系副詞;連接定語從句的關(guān)系代詞who,whichthatwhomwhose等等介詞onin,with,at,ofto等介詞常常引導(dǎo)介詞短語作修飾語不定式符號(hào)分詞Socialscienceisthatbranchofin lectualenquirywhichseekstostudyhumansandtheirendeavorsinthesamereasoned,orderly,systematic,anddispassionedmannerthatnaturalscientistsuseforthestudyofnaturalphenomena.(35詞，200362題分段給分、采點(diǎn)給分參考譯文：社會(huì)科學(xué)是知識(shí)探索的一個(gè)分支，它試圖像自然科學(xué)家研究自然現(xiàn)象那樣，用 性的、有序的、系的和冷靜的方式去研改變?cè)捻樞?，組合漢語譯 在英語中定語從句總簡(jiǎn)短的狀語可以放在復(fù)雜的狀語從句可以 例先生 中創(chuàng)造了雜文，成了文學(xué)藝術(shù)中的奇葩上 為了嚴(yán)肅法紀(jì)，決定給他行政記過處分，并賠償部分經(jīng)濟(jì)損失閱讀漢 信達(dá)《馬氏文通》1898年商務(wù)印書《中國(guó)語法理論》1945華書《中國(guó)現(xiàn)代語法》1954華書《語法修 》1979年( 合著)中國(guó)青（一定語從句的前置合譯法 ThistrendbeganduringtheSecondWorldWar,when ernmentscametotheconclusionthatthedemandsthat ernmentwantstomakeofitsscientificestablishmentcannotgenerallybeforeseenin Onthewhole,suchaconclusioncanbedrawnwithacertaindegreeofconfidence,butonlyifthechildcanbeassumedtohavehadthesameattitudetowardsthetestastheotherswithwhomheisbeingcompared,andonlyifhewaspunishedbylackofrelevantinformationwhichtheypossessed.（199275題Actually,itisn’t,becauseitassumesthatthereisanagreedaccountofhumanrights,whichissomethingtheworlddoesnothave.參考譯文：事實(shí)并非如此，因?yàn)檫@種問法是以人們對(duì)人的權(quán)利有一種共識(shí)為基礎(chǔ)的，而這種共識(shí)并不存在 定語從句的前置合譯法與后置分譯法Behavioristssuggestthatthechildwhoisraisedinanenvironmentwheretherearemanystimuliwhichdevelophisorhercapacityforappropriateresponsewillexperiencegreaterinlectualdevelopment.（1990年）參考譯文：行為主義者認(rèn)為，如果一個(gè)兒童在有許多刺激物的環(huán)境里成長(zhǎng)，而這些刺激物能夠發(fā)展其做出適反應(yīng)的能力，那么TheGreeksassumedthatthestructureoflanguagehadsomeconnectionwiththeprocessofthought,whichtookrootsinEuropelongbeforepeoplerealizedhowdiverselanguagescouldbe.（200461題）參考譯文：希臘人認(rèn)為語言的結(jié)構(gòu)和思維過程存在某種聯(lián)系，這種觀點(diǎn)早在人 語言的千差萬別/多樣之前就已經(jīng)扎根于歐洲定語從句的溶合變譯法Thisassumptionrestsonthefallacyoftheinherentlazinessinhumannature;actually,asidefromabnormallylazypeople,therewouldbeveryfewwhowouldnotwanttoearnmorethantheminimum,andwhowouldprefertodonothingratherthanwork. （二 語態(tài)的翻譯原Ｐ——尋找替代科技文獻(xiàn)用“可以有“被”不用Todaythistreasuryofsiltistrappedbehindthedam,andthereisnoeffective參考譯文 這種寶貴的泥沙（已經(jīng)）讓大壩給攔住了，并且也沒有有效的系統(tǒng)（除沙YettheNilehasbeenchangedbymodernmaninwaysnotyetfully參考譯文而尼羅河已經(jīng)為現(xiàn)代人所改變，但是他們也沒有完全理解這種改變的方式 然而現(xiàn)代的人們用連他3）Becauseitisveryslippery,itisusedfor因?yàn)樗浅；?，所以可以用來作為?rùn)滑劑4.）Whenthecrudeoilisobtainedfromthefield,itistakentotherefinerytobetreated.Thecommonestformoftreatmentisheating.Whentheoilisheating,thefirstvaporstorisearecooled ethefinestpetrol.Petrolhasalowpoint;ifalittleispouredintothehand,itsoonvaporized.Gasthatcomesofftheoillateriscondensedintoparaffin.Lastofallthelubricatingoilsofvariousgradesareproduced.Whatremainsisheavyoilthatisusedasfuel.Itisnotknownhowrarethisresemblanceis，orwhetheritismostoftenseenininclusionsofsilicatessuchasgarnet,whosecrystallographyisgenerallysomewhatsimilartothatofdiamond；butwhenpresent，theresemblanceisregardedascompellingevidencethatthediamondsand inclusionsaretrulyAlong-heldviewofthehistoryofEnglishcoloniesthatbecametheUnitedStateshasbeenthatEngland’stowardthesecoloniesbefore1763wasdictatedbycommercialinterestsandthatachangetoamoreimperial dominatedbyexpansionistmilitaristobjectives,generatedthetensionsthat yledtothe參考答案：一個(gè)對(duì)于后來成了的英國(guó)殖民地的歷史的長(zhǎng)久以來的觀點(diǎn)，認(rèn)為英國(guó)在1763年以前對(duì)于這些殖民地的政策被經(jīng)濟(jì)利益所支配，而且認(rèn)為一種向著更大程度的政策上的轉(zhuǎn)變——為擴(kuò)張主義的軍事目標(biāo)所左右——產(chǎn)生了最終導(dǎo)致的緊張氣氛。（三）代詞Itmayseemstrangetoputintothesamepacketanindustrialrevolutionandtwopoliticalrevolutions.Butthefact thattheywereallsocial TwothingsareoutstandinginthecreationoftheEnglishsystemofcs,andtheycharacterizealltheIndustrial參考譯文：有兩點(diǎn)在修建/建造英國(guó)運(yùn)河網(wǎng)中特別突出，而這兩點(diǎn)正是整個(gè)工 的特點(diǎn)The swerearteriesofcommunications:theywerenotmadetocarrypleasureboats,but參考譯文：運(yùn)河是交JamesBrindleywasapioneerintheartofbuilding sor,asitwasthencalled,布瑞德雷是開鑿運(yùn)河的先驅(qū)，人們當(dāng)時(shí)把開鑿運(yùn)河叫做‘navigation’Ifparentswerepreparedforthisadolescentreaction,andrealizedthatitwasasignthatthechildwasgrowingupanddevelovaluablepowersofobservationandindependentjudgment,theywouldnotbesohurt,andthereforewouldnotdr