2019年東莞中考一模英語試卷含答案

2019年東莞市中考一模英語試卷含答案一.語法選擇（共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面兩篇短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，從1~15各題所的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Alanwasaskinnyoldmanwholivedallalone.Onedayhegot1badcoldandhecalledforadoctor.Whilethedoctor2Alan,heasked,"Don'tyouhaveafriend3couldcomeandtakecareofyou?”“No,I'veneverhad4friends,“theoldmansaid.“You'velivedhereallyourlifeandneverhadafriend?”thedoctorsaid5surprise.“I'm64yearsold,butI'venevermetanyone6callafriend,”Alansaid.“Ifitisn’tonethingwrongwiththem,it'sanother.”“Ourvillagehead,Robin,willsurelyhelpyouifhe7youaresick,”thedoctorsaid.“It'sso8tolistentoRobin,”Alanadded."You'dimaginetherewasnothinginthisworld9hiscropsandhiswonderful,healthypigs.”“ThenwhataboutMax,wholivesdowntheroad?”“Aselfishman,10he'ssmartandinterestingtotalkto,“Alancontinued.“Hevisitedmealotbefore.Buthe'dcomeonlywhenhefeltlikeUso.Idon'tcallthatneighborly.”“Youcan'tbringupanythingagainstToby.Everyoneloveshim,”thedoctorlaughed.“Right,agreedAlan.”IfIletToby12onmydoorstep,hewoulddoso.Buthe's13noisyformetostandhimformorethanfiveminutes”"I'mafraidyouseetoomuchofyourneighbors' 14andyou'reblindtowhatgoodpeopletheyactuallyare,”thedoctorsaid."You'reahardnuttocrack,oldman!Anyway,pleasecallmeifyouneedme.”Thedoctorleftandnotawordof“thankyou”15 .1.A.aB.anC.theD./2.A.hasexaminedB.wasexaminingC.examinesD.examine3.A.whichB.whoseC.whoD.where4.A.anyB.someC.fewD.little5.A.onB.forC.ofD.in6.A.havetoB.needC.canD.must7.A.knowsB.knowC.knewD.knowing8.A.boredB.boringC.boreD.boringly1

9.A.andB.soC.orD.but10.A.thoughB.soC.andD.if11.A.todoB.doingC.doesD.do12.A.liveB.toliveC.livingD.lives13.A.soB.veryC.quiteD.too14.A.weakB.weaklyC.weaknessD.weaken15.A.heardB.washearingC.isheardD.washeard二、完形填空（共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從16-25各題所給的A、B、C、D項中選出最佳答案，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Joewasafarmer.Hisfarmlandwassopoorthathehadn’tgoodharvestforyears."IfGodletmecontrolthe16 ,theneverythingwillgetbetter,”hecomplained,"IknowbetterthanGoddoesbecauseIamacleverfarmer.”Godheardhiswords."Well,Iwillgiveyouoneyear,”Godreplied."Youwillbeinchargeoftheweather.Let’sseewhatyourcropsgrowlike.”O(jiān)nhearingthis,Joewasso17thathecouldn’tbelievewhatheheard.Buthestillwantedtohaveatry.Heshouted,"Sunny!”Suddenlythecloudswentaway."Unbelievable!”Hethoughttohimselfandtriedagain,"rain!”Theskybecamecloudyrightawayandheavyrainpoureddown.18Inthefollowingyear,hechangedtheweatherbetweensunnyand18Watchinghiscropsgrowingbiggerandbigger,hefeltsatisfied.Whentheharvestseasoncame,hewenttothefield,lookingforwardtoabigharvest.Buthisheartsanktothebottomwhenhefoundhisstrongcropshadnotgrownanygrain（谷粒）atall.Puzzledand19 ,hestartedcrying.Onceagain,God20him.God20him."Don’tyouhaveyourwishtocontroltheweather?”Godaskedagain."Yes,butIjustcan‘tunderstandit.Ihavegiventhemwhatthey21 .Howcoulditbe?”Joe22 ."That’sbecauseyou23askedforwind,rainstorm,snoworanythingthatcouldmaketherootsstronger.Withoutstrongroots,ofcoursetheywon'tgrowanyfruit.”Afterherealizedthis,JoeaskedGodto24thepower.Itturnedoutthatonlythroughlife’schallenges,wewouldsucceedinharvestthe25oflife.Ittakesbothupsanddownstogetsatisfactoryresults.A.timeA.surprisedA.windyB.worldA.timeA.surprisedA.windyB.worldB.sorryB.rainyC.weatherC.angryC.cloudyD.wayD.worriedD.snowy19.A.excitedB.embarrassedC.nervousD.disappointed20.A.refusedB.heardC.thankedD.punished21.A.knowB.haveC.offerD.need22.A.mentionedB.notedC.suggestedD.wondered23.A.almostB.neverC.alwaysD.just24.A.takebackB.takeoffC.giveupD.putout25.A.tasteB.moneyC.fruitD.discovery三、閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)閱讀理解（共20小題;每小題2分，滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。（A）ThoseaccustomedtobrowsingthroughthousandsofbooksinlargebookstoresmayfindJapan’sMoriokaShotenalittlestrange.That’sbecausethistinybookstorethatislocatedinGinza,Tokyosellsonlyasinglebookatatime.OpenedinMay2015,MoriokaShotenisthebrainchildofYoshiyukiMorioka.HebeganhiscareerasabookstoreclerkinTokyo'sKandadistrictbeforebranchingouttoopenhisownstore.Itwasherewhileorganizingbookreadingandsigningthatherealizedthatcustomersusuallycameintothestorewithonetitleinmind.Moriokabegantowonderifastorecouldexistbysellingmultiplecopiesofjustonesinglebook.InNovember2014,hepartneredwithMasamichiToyamatoestablishauniquebookstorewiththephilosophyof“ASingleRoomwithaSingleBook”.TheselectionsthatarepickedbyMoriokachangeweeklyandvarywidelytoattractcustomerswithdifferentinterests.RecentchoicesincludeTheTrueDeceiver,anaward-winningSwedishnovelbyToveJansson,HansAndersen’sFairyTales,andacollectionofKarlBlossfeldEsphotographyofplants.MoriokahasalsoselectedbookswrittenbyafamousJapaneseauthorMimeiOgawa.Tohighlighthisonlyoffering,Moriokaoftenusesclevertricks.Forexample,whensellingabookaboutflowers,thestorekeeperdecoratedhisshopwiththeonesthathadbeenmentionedinthebook.Healsoencouragesauthorstoholdtalksanddiscussionssotheycanconnectwithcustomers.Moriokasayshisgoalisforthecustomerstoexperiencebeinginsideabook,notjustabookstore.Riskyastheideamightseem,thingsappeartobegoingwell.Thestorekeepersayshehassoldover2,100books.Thingscangetbettergiventhathisbookstoreisbecomingincreasinglypopularnotjustamongthelocalsbutalsovisitorsformothercountries..WhatmadeMoriokadecidetoopensuchabookstore?A.ASwedishnovel. B.Hispresentpartner.C.Abookstoreclerk. D.Hisworkingexperience..WhyisMoriokaShotenunique?Itispopularwithforeigners.Itsellsbooksofdifferenttopics.Itisdecoratedwithcolorfulflowers.Itsellsvariouscopiesofabookinaweek..WhydoesMoriokaencourageauthorstoholdtalks?Tointroducehisbookstore.Totellpeopleabouthisphilosophy.Tomakebooksbetterunderstood.Tohelpreadersmakemorefriends..WhichofthefollowingisNOTTURE?ShotenandToyamaopenedabookstorecalledMoriokaShotenTheideaofthebookstorewasacceptedbymanypeople.Moriokachangesthebookeveryweek.Moriokausesclevertrickstosellhisbooks.29.What’stheauthor’sopinionaboutthebookstore’sfuture?A.Risky.B.Promising.C.Unpredictable.D.Hopeless.(B)TheLondonTravelcardisapaperticketthatisvalidonallLondonpublictransport.Onlineexclusive:youcannotbuyapaper7DayTravelcardfromUndergroundstationsinLondon—itcanonlybeboughtinadvance.Unlimitedtravel:theTravelcardgivesyouunlimitedtravelonLondon’spublictransportnetwork.Noqueuing:whileothervisitorswaitinlineatthetrainstationwiththeirheavybags,you'llbereadytotravelassoonasyouarriveinLondon.Lowprices:aTravelcardisofgreatvalue,andyougetadiscountontheTamesRiverboatsandEmiratesAirLinecablecar.ShouldIbuyanAnytimeTravelcardoranOffPeakTravelcard?Itdependsonwhattimeofthedayyouwillbetravelling:AnytimeTravelcardscanbeusedatanytime;OffPeakTravelcardsarecheaper,butcannotbeusedonMondaytoFridaybefore9:30am.WhichzonesdoIneedaTravelcardfor?ThecenterofLondon,includingmostmajorattractions,isinZones1-2.Mostsuburban佼B區(qū)的)areasofLondon,includingWembleyStadiumandWimbledonTennisClub,arewithinZones1-4.AlmostthewholeofLondon,includingHeathrowandLondonCityAirports,isinZones1-6.Tocheckwhichzonestheareasyouwanttovisitarein,seethefullmapoftheLondontransportnetwork.Ticketsprices:Zones1-2Zones1-3Zones1-4Zones1-5Zones1-61DayAnytimeN/AN/AAdult:￡12.10Child:￡6.00N/AAdult:￡17.20Child:￡8.601DayOffPeakN/AN/AN/AN/AAdult:￡12.10Child:￡6.007DayAnytimeAdult:￡32.40Child:￡16.20Adult:￡38.00Child:￡19.00Adult:￡46.50Child:￡23.30Adult:￡55.20Child:￡27.60Adult:￡59.10Child:￡29.60SingleJourneyN/AN/AN/AN/AAdult:￡6.00Child:￡3.00Adult(16+):Child(11-15):Under11travelfree,11+needtheirowntravelticket.LondonTravelcardscanbeusedon:LondonUnderground(theTube)OvergroundandNationalRailtrainsinLondonLondonbuses(inanyZone,irrespectiveofthezonesshownontheticket)Trams(有軌電車)inSouthLondonDocklandsLightRailway(DLR)Youcanalsogeta33%discountonriverboatsanda25%discountintheEmiratesAirLinecablecar.WhichofthefollowingstatementisTUREabouttheLondonTravlecard?YoucanbuyitfromUndergroundstationsinLondonItsavesyoualotoftimewaitinginlinetogetaticket.Itspriceisbasedonhowmanytimesyouwanttotravel.WithityoucangetadiscountonalltransportinLondon.IfyouwanttotravelfromcentralLondontoWembleyStadiumafter10a.m.,acanhelpyousavelotsofmoney.1DayAnytimeTravlecardforZones1-4.1DayOffPeakTravlecardforZones1-6.SingleJourneyTravlecardforZones1-6.7DayAnytimeTravlecardforZones1-4.IfJackisplanningtotakehistwokids(aged10and16)totravelinthecentreofLondonwiththe7DayAnytimetickets,heshouldpay.A.￡32.40 B.￡48.60 C.￡64.80 D.￡81.00ALondonTravelcardforZones1-4CANNOTbeusedon.LondonbusesinZones1-6NationalRailtrainsincentralLondontheDocklandsLightRailwaywithinZone4theLondonUndergroundtogettotheairports35.Wherecouldbethebestplaceforyoutofindthispassage?A.Inatravelguide. B.Inaencyclopedia.C.Inahoteladvertisement. D.Inastorybook.（C）ThechiefdesignerofChina’sfirstgenerationofnuclearsubmarines（核潛艇）drewpeople’sattentionagainrecentlywhenhewasgreetedbyPresidentXiJinpingataceremony（典禮）on21stNovember,2017.Toshowhisrespect,PresidentXiJinpingtookhimbyhandandinvitedhimtositwithhimforagrouppictureattheGreatHallofPeopleinBeijing.HuangXuhua,retireddirectoroftheNuclearSubmarineIndustryCorp,ledresearchanddevelopmentonthenation’sfirstnuclearsubmarines.OnDecember26,1970,LongMarchFirst,China’searliestnuclearsubmarineprototype,setsailonitsfirstvoyage.Huang,aged44atthetime,settheworldrecordasfirstchiefengineertobeonboardasubmarineforitstestdive.Beingborninthewartime,hehadtostruggleforalivingfromanearlyage.Inthefaceofgreatdifficulties,hemadeuphismindtopursueachievementinengineeringandshipbuilding.In1944,hewassentonarecommendationtothedepartmentofAeronautic,CentreCollege.Asthetoponestudent,hewasadmittedtotheShanghaiJiaoTongUniversityjustoneyearlater.Afterfour-yearstudyintheshipbuildingdepartment,hegraduatedandstartedhislifelongcareerinengineeringandshipbuilding.HewasorderedtoleadtheteamtoworkonChina’snuclearsubmarinein1958.Asaresultofthestrictsecrecysystem,hecouldnottellanythingabouthisworktohisrelatives.WithHuangandotherscientists'hardwork,China'snuclearsubmarinegrewoutofnothinganddevelopedfromsmalltolargeinaveryshorttime.Becauseofthis,HuangXuhuahasn'tgonebacktohishometowntovisithisparentsforjustoncefrom1958to1986.Hemethis95-year-oldmotherin1988forthefirsttimeafter30-yearseparation.Hisrelativesandthewholecountryknewnothingabouthisgreatcontributionuntil2013.Afterhisretirement,hestilldevotedhimselftothedepartmentofChina'snuclearsubmarine,bringingupalargenumberofexcellentengineersandscientistswhocontinuedhiswork.AsthefatheroftheChina'snuclearsubmarine,hecarednothingabouthisownlifeorthefame.Therewasnoairconditionerinhisoffice.Heneitherownedacarnoracellphone.Recallingtheearlydaysworkingonthenuclearsubmarine,wheretheyhadtostartfromnothingandsometimesusetoabacuses（算盤）todothecalculation,Huangsaidhe'sproudtobeChineseandcalledontheyoungtocontributetothecountry.Youngpeopleshouldremembertheirresponsibility,andconnecttheirpersonalgoalswithChina’sdevelopment,”hesaid.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbebestdescribedHuangXuhua?Faithfulandoutgoing.Positiveandcold-blooded.Humorousandtireless.Devotedandselfless.Theunderlinedword“its”inparagraph3refersto.ChinaShipbuildingIndustryCorp’stheteamofHuangXuhua’sLongMarchFirst'sNuclearSubmarineInstitute'sWhydidpeopleconsiderHuangXuhuaasthefatherofChina'snuclearsubmarine?BecausehedevotedhimselftothedevelopmentofChina'snuclearsubmarine.Becauseheplayedtheleadingroleinthesubmarine'sresearchanddevelopment.Becausehecarednothingabouthisownlifeorthefame.Becausehewasthefirstchiefengineertobeonboardasubmarine.Inwhatorderdidthefollowingeventtakeplace?HuangXuhuawasgreetedbyPresidentXiJinpingataceremony.HuangXuhuabecamethefirstchiefengineertobeonboardasubmarineforitstestdive.HuangXuhuagraduatedfromtheShanghaiJiaoTongUniversity.HuangXuhuawasappointedtoleadtheteaminresearchonChina'snuclearsubmarine.HuangXuhua’simportantrolestartedtobeknownbythepublic.A.d-c-b-e-aB.d-c-b-a-eC.c-d-b-e-aD.c-d-b-a-e40.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?Huang’slifeexperienceandhisgreatcontribution.WhyHuangXuhuadesignedthenuclearsubmarine.HowChina’snuclearsubmarinegrewoutofnothing.ThedevelopmentofChina’sfirstnuclearsubmarine.(D)Today’sworldisfullofplasticgoods,fromwaterbottlestocarparts.Wemakeplastictoys,toothbrushes,andshoppingbags.Plasticissousefulthatit’shardtoimaginelifewithoutit,butithasnotbeenaroundthatlong.Thefirstplasticwasinventedin1869.That’swhenAmericanJohnWesleyHyattmadeaformofplasticfromaplantmaterialcalledcellulose.Beforelong,hisdiscoverywasusedtomakecombs,eyeglasses,buttons,andfilm.Inthe1900s,petroleumproductssuchasoilreplacedcellulose.Newkindsofplasticwerediscoveredinthe1950s,andthat’swhentherealboombegan.Peoplestartedtouseplasticinmanyfieldsinsteadoftheoldmaterials.Plasticsquicklyreplacepaper,glass,metal,andwoodinagrowingnumberofproducts.In1960,theUnitedStatesmade6billionpoundsofplastic.By1988,theoutputhadgrownto50billionpounds.Thesedays,almost10percentoftheoilAmericauseseveryyearisturnedintoplastic.That’s2millionbarrelsofoiladay.Mostoftheplasticevermadestillexists.Unlikewood,metal,andpaper,plasticdoesnotbreakdowneasily.Somepeoplethinkplasticwillneverbreakdown.Otherssayitmaytake500or1,000years.Nooneknowsforsurebecauseithasbeenaroundfortooshortatime.ButifGeorgeWashingtonhadusedplasticwaterbottlesinthe1700s,thosebottleswouldprobablystillbearound.Althoughplasticlastsalongtime,wedontkeepplasticproductsverylong.Weusethemandthrowthemaway.Onlyabout5percentofplasticisrecycled.Ahugeamountofitendsupfloatingintheocean.Thenseabirds,seals,turtles,whalesandfisheatit.Scientistsoftenfindseaanimalsthathavestarved（餓）todeathwiththeirstomachsfullofplastic.Andeverytimeitrains,moretrashfromcitystreetsflushesintothesea.Muchofthattrashisplastic.Whatcanwedoaboutplastic?First,beaware.Oiltakesmillionsofyearstoform.Shouldweuseupthispreciousfueltomakeflimsyshoppingbagsthatareusedonceandthrownaway?Shouldanyanimalpayforourconveniencewithitslife?Eachperson’sactionscanmakeadifference.It’stimetoactnow.Whatcanweknowaboutplastic?Plasticisnowwidelyusedineveryareaofourdailylife.Americaholdstheleadingpositionintheworld-wideuseofplastic.Plasticcanlastformorethan300yearsandwillneverbreakdown.About95%ofplasticisusedonceandthenthrownaway.Whichdetailsupportstheideathatplasticcanbedangerous?Animalsstarvetodeathaftereatingplastic.Muchofthattrashisplastic.About10percentoftheoilweuseeveryyearismadeintoplastic.JohnWesleyHyattmadethefirstplasticfromcellulose.Theunderlinedword“replace”inparagraph3means"”.TakethechargeofIncreaseinvalueTaketheplaceofDecreaseinvalueWhatmightbewritteninthefollowingparagraph?Reasonsaboutwhyweshoulduselessplastic.Criticismonthosewhomakeandbuyplastic.Tipsforusingplasticintheenvironmentalfriendlyway.Differencebetweenusingplasticandothermaterials.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?AmazingPlastic.DangerousPlastic.C.UselessPlastic.D.NewPlastic.第二節(jié)閱讀填空（共5小題海小題1分，滿分5分）閱讀短文及文后A~E選項，選出可以填入41~45各題空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ImagineyouarestudyingabroadinLondon.Yourparentshavesentyouapackage.Yougotothepostofficeandaskthepostmanwhenitwillarrive.Hetellsyouin“afortnight”.Youwalkawayshakingyourhead.46.Ifyoudon’tknowwhatitmeansyouhaveprobablybeenstudyingAmericanEnglish,whichsometimesusesdifferentwordsfromBritishEnglish.IntheUS,insteadofsayingyourpackagewillarriveina“afortnight”,theywouldsay,in“twoweeks”.47.Besidessimpledifferenceslikespelling,like“colour”inLondoncomparedto“color”,inNewYork,thereareevenmoredifferentwords.Forexample,inBritainyoucouldbedrivingyourcarona“dualcarriageway”whileintheUSyouwouldbedrivingdowna“freeway”or“highway”.48.However,inBritainyouwouldaskfora“petrolstation”.Ifyougotreallyconfusedandwantedtocallsomeoneforhelpatapublictelephone,youdstillhaveproblems.49.Itdefinitelywillgetyouevenmoreconfused.50.Youcanactuallylearnalotfrombothtwolanguages.ItdoesritmatterwhichEnglishyoustudy,BritishorAmerican,althoughpeoplefromeachcountrywilltellyoutheirlanguageisbest.Thekeythough,whenwritingapaperorsittinganexam,istopickoneandstickwithitthroughout.InBritainit’scalleda“phonebox”whileinAmericaitiscalleda“telephonebooth”.Butthesedifferencesmakethelanguagemoreexcitingandhelpyoucontinuetolearn.Thisisjustoneoftheexamplesofthedifferentwordsbetweenthetwolanguages.Whenwillyourpackagearriveandwhatisafortnight?What’smoreifyouneedtofillup,youhadbetteraskfora“gasstation”inUS.四、寫作（共四小節(jié),滿分35分）第一節(jié)單詞拼寫（共6小題，每題1分，滿分6分）根據(jù)下列句子及所給單詞的首字母寫出所缺單詞。（每空限填一詞）.Xi’anisabigcitywithalongh.ItusedtobethecapitalofsixdynastiesinChina..Samistoo