2019人教版高三英語一輪復習練習選修八Unit5含答案

選修八Unit5[基礎回首].單句語法填空(導學號02516357)1．Itisassumedthatstressismainlycausedbytoomuchwork.2．Ifyoudon'tliketheschoollunch,youhavethealternativeofbringingyourown.3．Shehaskeptupphysicaltrainingforseveralyearswithoutinterruption(interrupt)．4．Themoreweareawareofthesignificance(significant)ofthisfamoussaying,themorebenefitswewillgetinourdailystudyandjob.5．Ifyoustudyinasystematic(system)way,youwon'tleaveanythingout.6．Theplantsneedtherightamountofsunlightandraintogrowandripen(ripe)．7．Themechanicwhowishestodohisworkwell,mustfirstsharpen(sharp)histools.8．Theescapedprisonergotarrested(arrest)immediatelyheturnedupattherailwaystationandwassenttoprisonagain.9．Scientistshaveidentified(identify)morethanfortychemicalsintobaccosmokethatcausecancerinhumansandanimals.10．Incontrasttoourignoranceofsavingfood,manypeopleespeciallythoseinpoverty-strickenareasaresufferingfromstarvation(starve)．Ⅱ.單句改錯(每句一錯)(導學號02516358)1．Ihadnoalternativebutreporthimtotheheadteacher.report前加to2．Assumedthattheweatherisfavorable,farmerswillhaveagoodharvest.Assumed→Assuming/Assume3．Hecouldhavefinisheditonschedule,butanyhowhefellbehind.anyhow→somehow4．I'mverysorrytointerruptwithyou,butIhavesomethingveryimportanttotellyou.去掉

with5．Thesignificanceattachingtoanationaldayisverydifferentfromcountrytocountry.attaching→attachedⅢ.佳句寫作

(導學號02516359)1．他們急急忙地抵達企業(yè)，結果認識到他們被開除了。(onlyto作結果狀語答案：Theyhurriedtothecompany，onlytolearnthattheywerefired.

)2．看看我們此刻所處的窘境。假如我們接受了他的建議就好了。(ifonly)答案：Lookatthetroubleweareinnow.Ifonlywehadtakenhisadvice.3．看，我的媽媽正在切碎包餃子的肉。

(cutup)答案：Look，mymotheriscuttingupthemeatformakingdumplings.4．假定他在七點回來的話，我們就開會。(assume)答案：Assume/Assumingthathecomesbackatseven，wewillhaveameeting.5．只管下大雨，醫(yī)護人員仍是快速地趕到事故現場。(inspiteof)答案：Inspiteoftheheavyrain，thedoctorsandnursesrushedtothesceneoftheaccident.[技術提高].閱讀理解(導學號02516360)TheancientMayancivilization

collapsed

dueto

acentury-long

drought,

newresearchsuggests.MineralstakenfromBelize'sfamousunderwatercave，knownastheBlueHole，aswellaslagoons(環(huán)礁湖)nearby,showthatanextremedroughtoccurredbetweenA.D.800andA.D.1,000,rightwhentheMayancivilizationended.Aftertherainsreturned,theMayansmovednorthbuttheydisappearedagainafewcenturieslater,andthatdisappearanceoccurredatthesametimeasanotherdryperiod,thesediments(堆積物)reveal.Althoughthefindingsaren'tthefirsttotieadroughttotheendoftheMayanculture,thenewresultsstrengthenthecasethatdryperiodswereindeedthecause.That'sbecausethedatacomefromseveralspotsinaregioncentraltotheMayanheartland,saidstudyco-authorAndreDroxler,anEarthscientistatRiceUniversity.．700,theMayancivilizationflourishedintheYucatanpeninsula.TheseancientMesoamericansbuiltgreatpyramids,masteredastronomy,anddevelopedbothawritingsystemandacalendarsystem,whichisfamousforpredictingthattheworldwouldendin2012.ButinthecenturiesafterA.D.700,thecivilization'sbuildingactivitiesslowedandtheculturefellintowarandunrest.Theevidenceforadroughthasbeengrowinginrecentyears.A2012studyinthejournalScienceanalyzeda2,000-year-oldstalagmite(石筍)fromacaveinsouthernBelizeandfoundthatsharpdecreasesinrainfallcoincidedwithperiodsofdeclineintheculture.Butthedatacamefromjustonecave,whichmeantitwasdifficulttomakepredictionsfortheareaasawhole，Droxlersaid.Tolookforsignsofdrought,theteamdrilledthesedimentsintheBlueHoleofLighthouseLagoon,aswellasoneintheRhomboidreef.Thelagoonsweresurroundedonallsidesbythickwallsofcoralreef.Duringstormsorwetterperiods,excesswaterrunsofffromriversandstreams，overtopstheretainingwalls,andisdepositedinathinlayeratthetopofthelagoon.Fromthere,allthesedimentsfromthesestreamssettletothebottomofthelagoon,pilingontopofeachotherandleavingarecordofthehistoricalclimate.TheteamfoundthatduringtheperiodbetweenA.D.800andA.D.1,000,whentheMayancivilizationcollapsed,therewerejustoneortwotropicalcyclones(氣旋)everytwodecades,asopposedtotheusualfiveorsix.Afterthat,theMayamovednorth,buildingatsitessuchasChichenItza,inwhatisnowMexico.[語篇解讀]瑪雅文化怎樣消逝是一個神奇話題。新研究發(fā)現：古瑪雅文化的消逝可能與長達一個世紀的干旱相關。1．WhathappenedafteranextremedroughtbetweenA．D.800andA.D.1,000?A．TheMayansweresufferingaheavyflood.B．TheMayanssuddenlydisappearedfromtheearth.C．TheMayanswereoftenattackedbytropicalcyclones.D．TheMayansmovedtoplacesinwhatisnowcalledMexico.分析：D[細節(jié)理解題。依據第二段“Aftertherainsreturned,theMayansmovednorth”和最后一段“Afterthat,theMayamovednorth，buildingatsitessuchasChichenItza,inwhatisnowMexico”可知D為正確選項。]2．WhatisthemainideaofParagraph4?A．TheachievementsoftheMayancivilization.B．ThepredictiontheMayancivilizationmade.C．TheeffectstheMayancivilizationhadonhumans.D．ThebackgroundwheretheMayancivilizationbegan.分析：A[段落粗心題。依據第四段第一句“FromA．D.300toA.D.700,theMayancivilizationflourishedintheYucatanpeninsula”以及后邊舉的例子可知本段主要介紹瑪雅文明的繁華。]3．WhydidtheteamdrillthesedimentsintheBlueHoleofLighthouseLagoon?A．TolearnhowtheBlueHolecameintobeing.B．Toknowwhatliesonthebottomofthelagoon.C．Tostudytherecordofthehistoricalclimate.D．Toseehowexcesswaterrunsofffromriversandstreams.分析：C[細節(jié)理解題。依據第七段第一句“Tolookforsignsofdrought”和最后一句“l(fā)eavingarecordofthehistoricalclimate”可知C為正確選項。]4．WhatdidAndreDroxlerthinkoftheanalysisofthe2,000-year-oldstalagmite?A．Amazing.B．Ridiculous.C．Reasonable.D．Unreliable.分析：D[推理判斷題。依據第六段最后一句“Butthedatacamefromjustonecave,whichmeantitwasdifficulttomakepredictionsfortheareaasawhole,Droxlersaid”可知來自一個洞穴的數據，很難對整個地域做出正確的展望。].完形填空(導學號02516361)(2018河·北衡水中學一模)WhileIwaswaitinginlineatacoffeeshopearlier,awomandrovealongsidethequeueinamobilityscooter(踏板車).Therewasonlya__1__spacebetweenthelineofpeopleandthetables,whichshe__2__todrivealong.Shedroveovermyfootanddidn't__3__sayingnothingatall.Igotannoyedandexpectedshewouldhave__4__，butthenIjustdecidedto__5__itandgotdowntoselectingwhichpastry(點心)togowithmycoffee.TheladyandIendedupsittingatadjacent(周邊的)tables.Shewasontheendofarowsothatshecouldparkher__6__.Afterabouthalfanhour，whenshehad__7__hercoffee,shegotupandbackontoherscooter.It__8__start.Shetriedtoturnthekeyseveraltimes__9__shetelephonedtheplaceshepurchased(購置)itfrom.Anengineer__10__within5minutes.Theplacemusthavebeenlocal.Icouldn't__11__overhearing(偷聽)theirconversation,anditturnedoutshehadjust__12__thescooterthatmorning.Thiswasherveryfirstoutinginit.Shefeltreally__13__aboutdrivingit.__14__，shewasn'tusedtoitsspeed,norits__15__，andthiscombinationmadeitquite__16__todriveitthroughnarrowgaps.Suddenly，Ifelt__17__forthelady.Itreallydidn't__18__meatallthatshe'ddrivenovermyfoot.Ihadmadeanassumption,__19__，thatapersondoingthatshouldapologize.Nexttimeyou'reaboutto__20__someone，pauseforasecondandremindyourselfthatpeoplehavejudgedyouwithoutknowingwhatwasgoingoninyourmindoryourlife.[語篇解讀]本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，主要敘述了作者在被一個第一次騎踏板車的女性軋到腳，又目擊了對方騎車時的不安以及沒法啟動車子的遭受后，開始變得憐憫對方并最后諒解對方的故事。1．A.privateB．vastC．publicD．narrow分析：D[考察形容詞辨析。由第二段最后一句中的“todriveitthroughnarrowgaps”可知，人群與桌子之間的空間狹小。D項意為“狹小的”，切合語境。A項意為“私有的，私人的”；B項意為“巨大的”；C項意為“公共的”，均與語境不符。]2．A.attemptedC．declined

B．promisedD．guaranteed分析：A[考察動詞辨析。依據上文可知，人群與桌子之間的空間很狹??；又依據下文中的“drivealong”以及“Shedroveovermyfoot”可知，她試圖從中穿過。A項意為“試圖”，attempttodosth.意為“試圖做某事”，切合語境。B項意為“許諾”；C項意為“拒絕”；D項意為“保證”，均與語境不符。]3．A.callbackC．lookback

B．giveupD．cheerup分析：C

[考察動詞短語辨析。依據語境可知，她從作者的腳上邊開了過去，沒有回頭看一下，而且什么都沒有說。A項意為“回電話”；B項意為“放棄”；C項意為“回頭看一下，回首”；D

項意為“使抖擻起來”。]4．A.ignoredC．explained

B．apologizedD．forgiven分析：

B

[考察動詞辨析。依據第三段最后一句中的

“thatapersondoingthatshouldapologize”可知，作者當時很生氣，希望她能致歉。

A項意為“忽略，不理睬”；B

項意為“致歉”；C

項意為“解說”；D

項意為“諒解”。]5．A.dismissC．replace

B．makeD．inspect分析：A[考察動詞辨析。pastry(點心)togowithmycoffee.

依據該句“Igotannoyedand...andgotdowntoselectingwhich”并聯合語境可知，前后表示轉折，作者開初很生氣，希望這位婦女能致歉，可一會兒以后，便不再理睬這件事，開始仔細精選自己的點心了。

A項意為“不予理睬，不予考慮

”；B項意為“制作”；C

項意為“取代”；D

項意為“視察，檢查”。]6．A.truckC．car

B．bikeD．scooter分析：D[考察名詞辨析。依據文章第一句“...awomandrovealongsidethequeueinamobilityscooter(踏板車)．”可知，她坐在最后一排的目的是能夠停放她的踏板車，此處與開頭的“scooter”照顧。

]7．A.poured

B．finishedC．ordered

D．purchased分析：B

[考察動詞辨析。依據下文中的

“shegotupandbackontoherscooter”并聯合語境可知，此處應指她喝完了咖啡而后起身去騎踏板車。

A項意為“傾，倒”；B

項意為“完成”；C項意為“命令，訂購，點

(酒席等)”；D

項意為“購置”。]8．A.needn'tC．wouldn't

B．shouldn'tD．mustn't分析：C

[考察神態(tài)動詞辨析。依據下文中的“shetelephonedtheplaceshepurchased(購買)itfrom

”以及第二段第一句

“Anengineer

__10__

within5minutes.

”可知，踏板車壞了，啟動不了。由此可知，

C項“wouldn't”切合語境。

A項意為“不用”；B

項意為“不該該”；D

項意為“嚴禁”，均與語境不符。

]9．A.soC．unless

B．untilD．before分析：D[考察連詞辨析。依據語境可知，她在給賣踏板車的地方打電話以前，又嘗試轉動了幾下鑰匙。A項意為“所以”；B項意為“直到”；C項意為“除非”；D項意為“在以前”。]10．A.brokein

B．turnedupC．ranaway

D．settleddown分析：B

[考察動詞短語辨析。依據上文中的“shetelephonedtheplaceshepurchased(購買)itfrom”可知，在給賣踏板車的地方打電話以后，工程師在五分鐘以內就到了。

A項意為“闖進，打斷”；B

項意為“出現，露面，抵達”；C

項意為“逃跑”；D

項意為“定居，平定下來”。]11．A.tolerate

B．allowC．resist

D．postpone分析：C

[考察動詞辨析。依據下文中的

“overhearing(偷聽)theirconversation

”并聯合語境可知，作者不由得偷聽了他們的講話。A項意為“容忍”；B項意為“同意”；C項意為“抵制”；D項意為“推延”。can't/couldn'tresistdoingsth.意為“不由得做某事”，切合語境。]12．C．fixedD．abandoned分析：A[考察動詞辨析。依據下文中的“Thiswasherveryfirstoutinginit”可知，她那天上午剛從店里取了車，這是她第一次把它騎出來。A項意為“采集，領走”；B項意為“偷”；C項意為“固定，維修”；D項意為“放棄，遺棄”。]13．A.concernedB．excitedC．confidentD．nervous分析：D[考察形容詞辨析。依據下文中的“shewasn'tusedtoitsspeed”并聯合知識可知，這是她第一次騎踏板車，所以她應當是很緊張。A項意為“擔憂的，憂愁的”；B項意為“興奮的”；C項意為“有信心的”；D項意為“緊張的”。]14．A.DoubtfullyB．CertainlyC．FortunatelyD．Surprisingly分析：B[考察副詞辨析。依據上文中的“Thiswasherveryfirstoutinginit”可知，這是她第一次騎踏板車出門，自然會不習慣它的車速。A項意為“思疑地”；B項意為“自然，一定”；C項意為“好運地”；D項意為“驚訝地”。]15．A.widthB．lengthC．weightD．height分析：A[考察名詞辨析。依據上文中的“shewasn'tusedtoitsspeed”和下文中的“todriveitthroughnarrowgaps”可知，她既不習慣車速，也不習慣它的寬度。width意為“寬度”，與下文中的“narrowgaps”照顧，切合語境。]16．A.cool

B．convenientC．stressful

D．desperate分析：C[考察形容詞辨析。依據語境可知，她那一天清晨是第一次騎踏板車出門，不習慣它的車速，也不習慣它的寬度，這讓她在狹小的空間里駕御踏板車很有壓力。

她既A項意為“涼快的，沉著的，酷的”；B項意為“方便的”；C項意為“有壓力的”；D項意為“令人無望的，極度盼望的

”。]17．A.pleasure

B．regretC．appreciation

D．sympathy分析：D[考察名詞辨析。依據語境并聯合上文描繪這位女士騎車時的困難可知，當認識到真相后，作者忽然對這個婦女的遭受感覺憐憫。A項意為“快樂”；B項意為“后悔”；C項意為“感謝，賞識”；D項意為“憐憫”。]18．A.strike

B．botherC．satisfy

D．motivate分析：B

[考察動詞辨析。作者在知道了這位婦女的狀況以后，很憐憫她，

也不再惱火她