一輪復(fù)習(xí)英語重大版學(xué)案學(xué)通語法第十二講 特殊句式

第十二講特殊句式單句語法填空1．(2018·天津高考單選)ItwasonlywhenthecarpulledupinfrontofourhousethatwesawLilyinthepassengerseat.2．(2017·天津高考單選)ItwaswhenIgotbacktomyapartmentthatIfirstcameacrossmynewneighbors.3．(2016·江蘇高考單選)Notuntilrecentlydidtheyencouragethedevelopmentoftourist-relatedactivitiesintheruralareas.4．(2015·湖南高考單選)ItwaswhenwewerereturninghomethatIrealizedwhatagoodfeelingitwastohavehelpedsomeoneintrouble.5．(2015·重慶高考單選)Bachdiedin1750,butitwasnotuntiltheearly19thcenturythathismusicalgiftwasfullyrecognized.6．(2015·天津高考單選)OnlywhenLilywalkedintotheofficedidsherealizethatshehadleftthecontractathome.7．(2015·北京高考單選)Ifaccepted(accept)forthejob,you’llbeinformedsoon.8．(2015·湖南高考單選)Alwayskeep(keep)inmindthatyourmaintaskistogetthispanyrunningsmoothly.一、強(qiáng)調(diào)句1．基本句型：Itis/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他。Itisonlybylisteningtoandunderstandingeachotherthatproblemsbetweenparentsandchildrencanbesettled.只有通過傾聽和相互理解，孩子和父母之間的問題才可能被解決。(強(qiáng)調(diào)方式狀語)2．一般疑問句形式：Is/Wasit＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他？Wasitbycuttingdownthestaffthatshesavedthefirm?她是通過裁員拯救了公司嗎？3．特殊疑問句形式：特殊疑問詞＋is/wasit＋that＋其他？Whenwasitthathemadeuphismindtotakethiscourse?他是什么時(shí)候決定選修這門課程的？4．含有not...until...的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：Itis/wasnotuntil＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that...＋其他。Itwasnotuntilneartheendoftheletterthatshementionedherownplan.直到信的末尾她才提到她自己的計(jì)劃。eq\a\vs4\al([名師指津])以上強(qiáng)調(diào)句型是對(duì)除謂語以外的成分的強(qiáng)調(diào)；若強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語，要在謂語動(dòng)詞前加do/does/did，這種強(qiáng)調(diào)只適用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)的肯定句。Thescientistdiddevoteallhislifetohisresearchwork.這位科學(xué)家真正地把他的一生獻(xiàn)給了研究工作。二、倒裝句(一)部分倒裝部分倒裝是指把謂語的一部分(助動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)置于主語之前。這類句型主要有以下幾種形式：1．當(dāng)否定詞或帶有否定意義的詞或短語位于句首時(shí)，常用部分倒裝。這類詞或短語有：little,few,never,seldom,rarely,bynomeans,notonly,notuntil,atnotime,under/innocircumstances,innocase,innoway,nosooner,hardly,scarcely等。①Notuntilsheleftdidherealizehowmuchhelovedher.直到她離開后他才意識(shí)到自己有多愛她。②Notonlywillhelpbegiventopeopletofindjobs,butalsomedicaltreatmentwillbeprovidedforpeoplewhoneedit.不僅要給那些找工作的人提供幫助，而且也要給那些有需要的人提供醫(yī)療保健服務(wù)。2．當(dāng)only修飾的副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句位于句首時(shí)。Onlywhenyoucanfindpeaceinyourheartwillyoukeepgoodrelationshipswithothers.只有當(dāng)你找到內(nèi)心的平靜時(shí)，你才能與他人保持良好的關(guān)系。3．so/neither/nor置于句首時(shí)，用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。(1)“so＋系動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋主語”表示前面所說的肯定情況也適合于另一人或物，意為“……也是如此”?！狪’vegotanenormousamountofworktodo.—SohaveI.——我有大量的工作要做?！乙踩绱恕?2)“neither/nor＋系動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋主語”表示前面否定的內(nèi)容也適用于另一人或物，意為“……也不這樣”?！狶iuJiacan’tanswerthequestion.—Neither/NorcanPeter.——?jiǎng)⒓鸦卮鸩簧蟻磉@個(gè)問題?！说靡不卮鸩簧蟻?。4．在so/such...that...結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)“so＋形容詞/副詞”或“such＋名詞”位于句首時(shí)，主句使用部分倒裝。Sosuddenlydidhecatchthediseasethatthewholefamilywereatagreatloss.他患病太突然，全家人全然不知所措。5．在as/though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中，當(dāng)從句的表語/狀語/動(dòng)詞位于句首時(shí)，用部分倒裝。如果位于句首的是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，其前不加冠詞。Hardastheytried,theycouldn’tmakeherchangehermind.盡管他們盡力了，但他們還是沒能讓她改變主意。(二)完全倒裝完全倒裝是指將謂語動(dòng)詞完全提到主語之前。這類句型主要有以下幾種形式：1．表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和動(dòng)作轉(zhuǎn)移的副詞，如here,there,now,then,up,down,in,away,out等置于句首時(shí)，且主語是名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞，句子需用完全倒裝。此時(shí)，句子多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)。Themomentthebellrang,outrushedthechildren.鈴一響，孩子們就沖了出去。2．當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語位于句首時(shí)，且主語是名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞，為了避免頭重腳輕，句子需用完全倒裝。Nextdoortooursliveaforeigncouple,whoseemtohavesettledintolifeinChina.我們隔壁住著一對(duì)外國夫婦，他們看起來已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了中國的生活。3．有時(shí)為平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)或突出、強(qiáng)調(diào)，將作表語的介詞短語、形容詞、副詞或分詞提到句首，構(gòu)成“表語＋系動(dòng)詞＋主語”的完全倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。PresentatthepartywereMrGreenandmanyotherguests.出席晚會(huì)的有格林先生，還有許多別的賓客。三、狀語從句的省略在時(shí)間、條件、讓步、方式等狀語從句中，可以用省略結(jié)構(gòu)。省略必須具備兩個(gè)條件：eq\x((1)從句的主語是it或主從句的主語一致；(2)從句的謂語動(dòng)詞含有be動(dòng)詞。)此時(shí)可以省略從句的主語和be動(dòng)詞。Unless(itis)necessary,you’dbetternotturntohim.除非有必要，否則你最好不要向他請(qǐng)求幫助。四、感嘆句感嘆句常用來表示驚嘆、贊美、喜悅等語氣。1．what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句What＋a/an＋adj.＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)＋主語＋謂語！What＋adj.＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞＋主語＋謂語?、賅hatastrangeplant!I’veneverseenitbefore.這種植物真奇怪！我以前從未見過。②Whatlovelychildrentheyare!他們是多么可愛的孩子啊！2．how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句How＋adj.＋a/an＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)＋主語＋謂語！How＋adj./adv.＋主語＋謂語！How＋主語＋謂語！①Howinterestingastoryitis!→Whataninterestingstoryitis!→Howinterestingthestoryis!這是多么有趣的一個(gè)故事?。、贖owtimeflies！時(shí)間過得真快?。∥?、反意疑問句1．陳述部分含有賓語從句的反意疑問句一般情況下，其疑問部分應(yīng)和主句保持一致。但如果主句謂語動(dòng)詞是think,believe,suppose,expect,imagine,guess或besure等，且主句主語為第一人稱時(shí)，其疑問部分的主語和時(shí)態(tài)與賓語從句的主語和時(shí)態(tài)保持一致。①Itoldthemnoteverybodycouldrunasfastasyoudid,didn’tI?我告訴他們并非每個(gè)人都能像你一樣跑得那么快，是不是？②Idon’tthinkthefootballteamislikelytowin,isit?我認(rèn)為那支足球隊(duì)不會(huì)獲勝，是嗎？2．祈使句的反意疑問句祈使句后的反意疑問句不表示反問，而表示一種語氣。其結(jié)構(gòu)為：肯定祈使句，＋will/won'tyou？否定祈使句，＋willyou？Letus...，＋willyou？Let's...，＋shallwe？①Closethewindow,will/won’tyou？關(guān)上窗戶，好嗎？②Let’sgotothebookstore,shallwe？我們?nèi)辏脝?？eq\a\vs4\al([常考題點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)練])Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Johnhasnotyetpassedthedrivingtest,andneitherhasHenry.2．Therees(e)theschoolbus.Hurryup!3．Someflowersshutupatnightasifto_sleep(sleep)．4．Youarewaitingatawrongplace.Itisatthehotelthatthecoachpicksuptourists.5．HadJasonsharedhisideaswithuswewouldhavemademoreprogress.6．(2019·陜西渭南一模)Onthetopofthehillstands(stand)atemplewheretheoldmanoncelived.7．(2018·遼寧鐵嶺六校聯(lián)考)Whatfunitistotakearestafteralongrun!8．(2019·廣西梧州高三一模)Freddygavehimajobandhousingandlenthimpocketmoneywhiletraining(train)him.9．It’strue,butIheardsomepeopledid(do)findtheirbetterhalfthroughonlinedating.10．(2019·重慶月考)Hesaid,“Whatabeautifulday!HowIwishIcouldgobacktosleep!ButnowIhavetogooutandfindsomefood.”Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)1．10mileseastofourschoolliestwomodernswimmingpools.lies→lie2．Videogamescanbeapoorinfluenceifleavinginthewronghands.leaving→left3．OnlywhenIwalkedintotheclassroomandtookoutthebooksIrealizethatIhadlefttheEnglishbookathome.books后加did4．(2018·成都二診)ItwasnotuntiltheboatstartedtosinkwhenIworriedaboutmysafety.when→that5．Thankyou,Tom.Butcouldyoutellmewherewasityoufoundmywallet？it后加that6．WhatsurprisingitisBillshouldn’trealizewhathashappened！What→How7．NeverdoesitoccurtoAndrewthathecouldbeadmittedtothefamouspany.does→did8．Sodelightedwasmycousinsthattheydidn’thearthedoorbellringing.was→wereeq\a\vs4\al([高考題型綜合練])Ⅰ.語法填空AstoryaboutviolinistFritzKreislertellshowheoncecameacrossabeautifulinstrumenthewantedtoacquire.Whenhefinallyraisedthemoneyfortheviolin,hereturnedtobuyitbutlearnedthatit__1__(sell)toacollector.Hewenttothenewowner’shomeinordertotrytopersuadehimtosell__2__violin.However,thecollectorsaiditwasoneofhisvaluable__3__(possess)andhecouldnotletitgo.The__4__(disappoint)Kreislerturnedtoleave,butthenaskedafavor.“MayIplaytheinstrumentoncemore__5__itisputaway？”Permissionwasgivenandthegreatmusicianbegantoplay.Theviolinsangwithaqualityofmusicsobeautifulthatthecollectorcouldonlylisten__6__amazement.“Ihavenoright__7__(keep)thattomyself，”hesaidafterthemusicianfinished.“Theviolinis__8__(you),MrKreisler.Takeitintotheworld,andletthepeoplehearit.”Iwanttolivemylifethatway—totakeitintotheworldandliveit__9__(full).I’dratherbeusedupthandienothavingdonewhateverIcould.Happinessisfoundininvestingourlivesinothers.Sayyeswhen__10__(ask)forahand.Volunteersometimeforaworthwhileorganization.Spendanhourwithalonelyrelative.Intheend,Iknowthatmyhappinesswillnothavebeenaboutmyabilityormyinability.Itwillhavebeenaboutmyavailability.Mylifeismeanttobelived.語篇解讀：本文通過講述一位偉大的小提琴家為了得到一把小提琴而經(jīng)歷的曲折故事，告訴我們應(yīng)該讓自己的生活過得充實(shí)，不要留下遺憾。1．hadbeensoldsell的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在learned之前，應(yīng)該用過去完成時(shí)；主語it指代violin，與sell之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故空處應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。2．the根據(jù)語境可知，此處表特指，故用the。3．possessions此處應(yīng)該用名詞，possession意為“所有物”，為可數(shù)名詞，由oneof可知，空處應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式。4．disappointeddisappoint為動(dòng)詞，空處修飾名詞Kreisler，應(yīng)用形容詞，故填disappointed。5．beforeKreisler想在小提琴收起來之前拉一次。6．ininamazement相當(dāng)于insurprise，表示一種吃驚的狀態(tài)。7．tokeephavenorighttodosth.意為“沒有權(quán)利做某事”，為固定用法。8．yours此處需要用名詞性物主代詞，指代yourviolin。9．fully修飾動(dòng)詞live需要用副詞。10．a(chǎn)sked主句為祈使句，從句省略了主語和be動(dòng)詞，補(bǔ)充完整為：whenyouareaskedforahand，因此用asked。Ⅱ.短