高中英語基本構(gòu)詞法及練習(xí)試題

高中英語基本構(gòu)詞精選法及練習(xí)試題高中英語基本構(gòu)詞精選法及練習(xí)試題/高中英語基本構(gòu)詞精選法及練習(xí)試題英語構(gòu)詞法中的派生法派生法：在詞根加前綴或在詞根后邊加后綴組成一個與原單詞意義周邊或截然相反的新詞叫作派生法。一、前綴前綴一般改變單詞的意義，不改變詞性（除少量前綴外）；后綴一般改變詞類，而不惹起詞義的變化。表示否認(rèn)意義的前綴常用的有：dis-,il-,im-,in-,ir-,mis-,non-,un-。disabledisadvantagedisagreedisappeardisapprovedisclosediscolourdisconnectdiscontinuousdiscontinuediscountdiscouragedisorderillegalimpossibleinaccurateinactiveinadaptableinapplicableinconstantinconvenientincredibleincurableindependentineffectiveinformalinvisibleirregularirremovableirrespectiveirresponsiblemisfortunemisguidemidinterpretmisleadmisreadmistrustmisunderstandmisusenonmetalnoncooperationnoninvolvementunableunacceptableunawareunbalanceunbreakableuncertainunchangeableuncomfortableundecidedunemployedundeterminedundevelopedunearthuneconomicalunfoldunpackuntie表示其余意義的前綴常用的有：a.前綴antianti-fascistanti-gasanti-imperialistanti-JapaneseWarb.前autoautobiographyautographyc.前bi-bicenturybilinguald.前coco-operationcoauthorcoheire.前dedeformdegradedevaluef.前

en-emenableenlarge

encourageenrich

endangerembitterg.前exex-soldier

ex-girlfriend

ex-wifeh.前

mid-midday

midnight

midterm

mid-aged前multi-multiform

multilingual

multimedia

multipurposej.21.前over-overcrowdedoverwork

overload

overproduceoverlookovercomek.22.

前

pre-prewar

prehistoric

prepay

preconditionl.前

re-rewrite

review

recyclem.前

vice-vice-chairman

vice-governor

vice-premier

vice-president二、后綴后綴平常會改變單詞的詞性，組成意義周邊的其余詞性；少量后綴還會改變詞義，變成與本來詞義相反的新詞。組成名詞的后綴常用的有：a、后-age，組成抽象名marriagepercentageshortagestorageb.后al-組成抽象名arrivalrefusalapprovalsurvivalproposalremovalc.后–an，-ian“人”從事??者”，組成名。Italianlibrarianmagicianvegetarianmusicianpoliticiantechniciand.后-ance，-ence，組成名.appearanceallowanceexistencepresenceperformanceignoranceinfluenceintelligenceevidencediligenceguidancepreferencesignificancee.后綴-dom組成名詞kingdomfreedomf、后綴-ee，-eer，-er，-or，組成表人的名詞beginnercompetitorconductordirectoremployeeengineerexamineeintervieweetailorvolunteerg.后綴-ess組成表“雌性”的名詞actressgoddesshostesswaitressh、后綴-ful組成表“容量單位”名詞abasketfulofahandfulofmouthfulspoonfuli.后綴-ics組成學(xué)科名詞：gymnasticsphysicspoliticsmathematicsj、后綴-ism，組成名詞Buddhismextremismimperialismterrorismpatriotismsocialismtourismk、后綴-ist組成名詞。bioiogistchemisteconomistspecialistextremistgeologistphysicist后綴-ment組成抽象名詞advertisement

agreement

amusement

appointment

argumentarrangementestablishment

developmentembarrassmentimprovementjudgment

equipmentrequirementtreatmentm.后綴

-ness

組成抽象名詞：coolness

correctness

dampnessm.后綴

-sion

組成抽象名詞：aggression

comparison

conclusion

expression

invasionpermissiontensionn.后綴-th組成抽象名詞birthdepthlengthstrengthwarmthwidthyouth后綴-tion組成動作名詞或抽象名詞application

celebration

classification

creationcongratulation

consideration

consolidation

descriptionp.后綴–ure，組成抽象名詞failuremixture以-ity或ty結(jié)尾，組成抽象名詞abilityidentity

curiositymajority

electricityprosperity

equalitysociety組成動詞的后綴常用的有：a.

后綴

-en

，形容詞后的

-en，組成及物動詞。名詞后的

-en

組成形容詞brighten

deepen

flatten

frighten

loosensharpen

strengthen

widenwooden

woolenb.后綴–ize，組成及物動詞apologizeanalysecategorizeorganizerealize組成形容詞的后綴常用的有：a.后綴-ableacceptableadjustableadmirableavoidableunbelievablecomparableendurableincrediblereasonablerecycleablerespectablevaluablevisibleb、后綴–al組成形容詞environmentalgrammaticalnaturaloccasionaloriginaloperationalpersonalpoliticalpracticalprofessionaltraditionaluniversalc、后綴-ant/-ent，組成形容詞distantimportantpatientconvenientpermanenturgentviolentservantd、后綴-ed組成形容詞：astonisheddelightedexperiencedlearnedskilledunitede.后綴-ful，組成形容詞carefuldoubtfuldreadfulregretfulresourcefulforgetfulfrightfulhopefulrespectfultearful后綴–ic，組成形容詞basiceconomicenthusiasticelectricenergeticheroichistoricsystematic后綴–ing組成名詞或形容詞amusingastonishingflaminggreetingmisunderstandingpromisingsatisfyingsufferingtrainingh.后綴-ish組成形容詞：feverishfoolishSwedishSpanish后綴–ive，組成形容詞aggressiveattractiveinstructivepersuasivepredictivej.后綴–less，組成否認(rèn)形容詞carelesshopelesshelplessk、后綴-ly組成的形容costlydailyfriendlylivelylonelylovely后綴–ous或-ious組成形容詞：adventurousambitiousconsciousenvioushumorousindustriousmountainousreligiousvariousm.后綴-y組成的形容詞或名詞bloodybraverydifficultyhonestyicyloyalty組成副詞的常用后綴有：a.后綴-ly或–ingly組成的副詞accuratelyfrequently

constantlygenerally

effectivelyindirectly三、經(jīng)典例題2.Thesoldierdiedforsavingthechild，sohis________isheavierthanMountTai.A.dieB.deadC.diedD.deaththree-________chairisn’tsuitableforayoungchild.Hemayfalloff.A.leggingB.leggedC.legsD.legedtheteacherpraisedhimforworkingoutthemathsproblem，Jacklooked________aboutathisclassmates.A.proudB.proudlyC.prideD.pridelyeveryone’s________，thegirlfinishedthejobquitewell.A.satisfiedB.satisfactoryC.satisfyingD.satisfaction10.Nooneshouldenterthespotwithoutthe________ofthepolice.A.permitB.permissionC.permittingD.permittence四、專項訓(xùn)練1.Youmustcomewithustothepoliceheadiswaitingforyou.A.headquartersB.headlineC.headmasterD.headachethatanimalescapewasnoaccident；youdidit________.A.intendB.intentionC.intentionallyD.intentional3.Theshopownerwelcomedalltheguestswitha________smile.A.practiceB.practiseC.practicalD.practiced4.MyTVisoutoforder.Canyoutellmewhatisthe________newsaboutIraqWar?A.latelyB.latestC.laterD.latter5.TheGreatWallismorethan6000liin________.A.longerB.lengthC.longD.longingmy________，Ipassedtheexameasily.A.joyB.joyfulC.joylessD.joyness7.Canadaismainlyan________country.A.English-speakingB.speak-EnglishC.spoken-EnglishD.English-spoken8.Thenecklacethatshelostisveryexpensive.It’sofgreat________.A.valuableB.valueC.valuelessD.unvaluableletter“b”intheword“doubt”is________.A.soundB.silentC.silenceD.sounded10.Whatyousaidsounded________butinfactitwasuntrue.A.reasonableB.reasonfulC.reasonlessD.unreason11.Wehavetolearn________technologyfromothercountries.A.advanceB.advancingC.advantageD.advanced’dbettergiveupsmokingifyouwanttokeep________.A.healthB.healthyC.healthilyD.healthierspeaking，Ididn’tdoitonpurpose.A.HonestlyB.HonestC.HonestyD.Dishonest五、講堂總結(jié)1、否認(rèn)前綴、其余前綴2、名詞、形容詞、副詞、動詞常用后綴。六、課后作業(yè)一、請用括號里給出的詞匯的正確形式填空。Iwrotehimalettertoshowmy___(appreciate)ofhisthoughtfulness.Thefirsttombwasbuiltatthe___(begin)ofthe15thcentury.Paintingisa___(create)process.4.Forourhomeworktonight,wehavetowritea___(describe)ofthestreetwherewelive.5.The___(discover)ofgoldontheirlandmadethepeoplerapidlyrich.6.I’djustliketo___(emphasis)howimportantitisforpeopletolearnforeignlanguage.Mygrandfatherisas___(energy)asayoungmanandhatessittingarounddoingnothingatall.Thefirstlessonwasvery___(enjoy)Ilikeitalot!Thesediscoveriesprovedthe___(exist)ofahumanspec