閱讀理解-初高中英語教材銜接

【知識銜接】初中課程

————初高中課程解讀————高中課程初中英語中，閱讀理解包括對書面語言的識別、理解、推理、判斷和快速記憶等幾個方面。需要快速歸納文章大意，理解文章部分細(xì)節(jié)，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容做出一定的推理判斷。

高中英語中，閱讀理解不僅僅涉及到語法、詞匯等語言因素，更多涉及到非語言因素，即：閱讀者對所學(xué)語言國家的社會和文化背景知識的掌握、對所讀材料內(nèi)容的熟悉、個人經(jīng)歷、生活常識、邏輯知識和語言修養(yǎng)等各方面?！踔兄R回顧————一閱理考類1、文章主旨和大意的考查。這試題主要是考查對文章的理解程度，考查內(nèi)容包括作者的寫作目的，文章的中心思想等內(nèi)容?？忌挥凶x懂全文，才能選出正確答案。2、細(xì)節(jié)和事實(shí)的考查。做此類題一定要抓住事件發(fā)生的時間、地點(diǎn)、人物、發(fā)展過程和結(jié)局等環(huán)節(jié)，所選答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生義。3詞義或句義的考查這詞句往往具有深層意義透過表層意義來理解深層意義，或根據(jù)句子的語法關(guān)系分析其含義反復(fù)琢磨仔細(xì)推敲弄清作者的真正意圖，從而選擇正確答案。遇到生詞，要根據(jù)上下文和一定的構(gòu)詞法知識，如前綴、后綴來分析、判斷、猜測其詞形和含義。4、結(jié)論或推論性考查。這類考答案的選擇往往無所謂正確與錯誤之別，而是最佳與非最佳之別。因此，須讀懂通篇文章，弄懂作者的寫作要旨，按照文章的內(nèi)容和邏輯關(guān)系，做出符合原文邏輯或主旨的結(jié)論或推論，才能選出最佳答案。5、擬選題目考查。一篇文章究應(yīng)加一個什么樣的題目為最佳，主要取決于文章的內(nèi)容，英語文章標(biāo)題的特點(diǎn)一般多以短語或簡單句為主。選擇標(biāo)題的一般標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是：一要切題，即能夠概括出全文的主旨；二要簡潔，即文字要簡單明了。二閱理的題驟1、瀏覽全文，捕捉信息求通瀏覽全文掌握其大意了解作者的觀點(diǎn)和寫作意圖。

2、細(xì)讀思考題，分析信息。通短文后，已對文章或段落大意有所了解再讀考題，對要捕捉的信息進(jìn)行分析、推理，這樣便可先解答與主題思想有關(guān)的問題。3、復(fù)讀全文，抓住細(xì)節(jié)。帶著題去復(fù)讀，可縮小復(fù)讀的范圍，更便于捕捉關(guān)鍵的信息。復(fù)讀時可邊讀邊用鉛筆做些標(biāo)記，把有關(guān)的人物、事件、時間、地點(diǎn)、起因（即5W：who,what,when,where,why劃出來。例如：凡逢人物就圈起來，看完一遍，有幾個圈就是幾個人，一目了然。另外在讀全文時，還應(yīng)特別意首段或每一自然段的首句，以及結(jié)尾句。因?yàn)槎涛牡氖拙浜褪锥瓮亲髡咭f明的對象或事件的起因闡述自己的觀點(diǎn)或事件發(fā)生的時間、地點(diǎn)與人物的聯(lián)系。結(jié)尾句、段是事件的結(jié)論或作者表達(dá)的態(tài)度、意圖、目的等。這樣一來便容易抓住中心，為準(zhǔn)確、快速地解題打下良好的基礎(chǔ)。4、解答問題，選定答案。對那明顯的，有把握的題可以斷然圈定。遇到不會做的問題可暫時不做把個問題閱讀畢，等會做的題已做完，然后再回頭做剩下的題目題時，如果遇到困難，再重新查閱。這次重讀，要針對問題的要求，抓住重點(diǎn)，一次求得正確答案。5、再讀全文，核對答案。這一驟要用全文的主題思想統(tǒng)率各考題，把在閱讀和答題時所得到的信息歸納整理一遍后重新再讀一遍短文檢查答案是前后一致意義和語言知識是否和原文相符；是否符合邏輯等。發(fā)現(xiàn)前后矛盾、遺漏要點(diǎn)等錯誤，要立即糾正。三閱理技分1、事實(shí)詢問題此類題型的問題以what、、whichwhen、wherehow或why等引，就文中某句、某段或某一具體細(xì)節(jié)設(shè)問并要求考生回答：如：TheInternetcanshowyoualotofjobsalloverIfyouwanttofindajobontheInternet,usethewords“jobsearchor“employment”tofindthewebsitesyouneed.（）WhatdoesthepassageyoutodofirstifyouwanttofindajobontheInternet?A.Totypein“jobsearch”tofindthewebsites.B.Towriteagoodresume.C.Toprepareforaninterview

D.TogetanEnglishdictionary這是一道典型的事實(shí)詢問題因它的答案可以直接從文段中找到據(jù)二句話可以得知為確答案。解這類題的主要方法是1.明題意2.尋答案來源3.找準(zhǔn)關(guān)鍵詞4.反閱讀。2、推理判斷題既要求學(xué)生透過文章表面文字信息推測文章隱含意思要求學(xué)生對作者的態(tài)度圖及文章細(xì)節(jié)的發(fā)展作正確的推理判斷求從作者的角度去考慮要守自己的看法或觀點(diǎn)。這類試題常以如下句式發(fā)問：Whatcanyouconclude（結(jié)frompassage?What’theauthor’attitude態(tài)度towards...?Wecaninferfromthepassagethat...Whichstatementis(nottrue?做這類題要求考生在閱讀同時住文章的主題和細(xì)節(jié)分文章結(jié)構(gòu)根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，挖掘文章的深層含義次對于暗含在文章中的人物的行為動機(jī)、事件中的因果關(guān)系及作者未言明的傾向、意圖、態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)等要進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的判斷、推理、分析，進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)理解，抓住實(shí)質(zhì)性的東西。如：Oncetherewassomethingwrongwithmachineinafactory.Theworkerscoulddonothingbutturntoaengineerforhelp,alineonandsaid,“Takeoffthepartwherethelineanditforanewone.”Themachine,withanewlineon,beganwellagain.Theengineerthenaskedfor$30,000forwhathehaddone.followingwerewhathewroteonabill,“Thepartonlycostsonedollar,knowingwherethewiththemachineiscosts$29,999.”（）Whatcanyoupassage?A.theengineeraskedfortoomuchmoneyB.theworkersshouldpaythemoneyC.theknowledgeisworthmoneyD.thenewpartcouldcostmore

這篇短文是作者講的一個故事通這個故事我們可以判斷出什么呢？雖然作者沒有言明，但是我們可以斷定，發(fā)現(xiàn)問題的所在需要智慧和知識，知識是創(chuàng)造價值的源泉，因此此題的正確答案應(yīng)為C。3、數(shù)據(jù)推算題此題要求學(xué)生就文章提供的數(shù)據(jù)，以及數(shù)據(jù)與文中其他信息的關(guān)系做簡單計(jì)算和推斷。VisitSwanseaZooComeandseetheIndianelephantsandthenewtigersfromAmerica.Thebearsarewaitingtomeetyou,andthemonkeysfromChinaarewaitingtothrowyou.ThelovelydogsfromAustraliaaretolaughandthegiraffesfromZambiaarewaitingtolookdownonyou.TicketsOpeningtimeGrown-ups:$39:00am––4:00pmChildren:Over12:$2exceptFridayUnder12:Free10:00am–3:00pm（）HowmuchdoesSmithhavetopayifhethezoohissonsoffourteenandten?A.$2.00B.$5.00C.$4.00D.$3.00（）Whichofthefollowingisthetime?A.8:30am,WedB.9:30am,FriC.3:00pm,SunD.4:00pm,Tue做此類題一要抓住有關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)要眾多的信息中找出那些有用的信息要抓住一些關(guān)鍵詞。實(shí)際上，上述兩題都可看作數(shù)據(jù)推算題，一題是算錢，另一題是算時間。通過閱讀我們發(fā)現(xiàn)布告中的所有數(shù)據(jù)都是有用的關(guān)詞是grown-ups,children,over12,under12,openingtime,exceptFriday。一題中MrSmith是人，須買3塊錢的門票他一個14歲兒需買錢的門票另個不滿12歲兒子可免票所以MrSmith先生需花5塊，是確答案。第二題C是正確答案。4、主旨大意題此類題型用以考查學(xué)生對文章主題或中心思想的領(lǐng)會和理解。如：

Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus?Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?每一篇文章都有它的主題句每一個段落也各有主題句一般都用來表示一篇文章或一個段落的主旨大意因找文章和各段落的主題句（往往為第一句或最后一句）是解題的關(guān)鍵。抓住了主題句，文章的最佳標(biāo)題也就不難確定了。如：推理判斷題哪一節(jié)中的例文我們給它起個什么標(biāo)題好呢？我們在它后面再加上一段話：Onedollarforchanginganewpartsounds合理的）butthe$29,999isexactlythevalueofwisdomandknowledge.（）besttitleforthepassageshouldbe________.A.TheValueofKnowledgeB.HelplessWorkersC.TheExpensiveMachineD.TheLuckyFactory文中的最后一句是整篇文章的主題句，也就是文章的標(biāo)題，即：TheValueKnowledge“知識的價值為正確答案5、經(jīng)驗(yàn)常識題此類題主要是考查中學(xué)生應(yīng)有的多項(xiàng)綜合知識，包括：社會、天文、史地、科普及生活常識等此類題往往與文章沒有接關(guān)系生只能憑自己的常識進(jìn)行判斷后出符合規(guī)律的正確選擇。如：（）canguesswhenagiraffeseestiger______.A.itwillrunawayasfastasB.itwillruntothetigerC.itwillmakethetigerbringitsomethingtoeatD.itwillmakeoneoftheanimalsbringthetigersomethingtoeat這就是一道考查常識的題，長頸鹿看到老虎當(dāng)然是盡快跑開，故A是確答案?！咧兄R鏈接————

一不體文的點(diǎn)記文記敘文又可分傳記類和故事類。記類文章在閱讀中時間是全文的關(guān)鍵，根據(jù)時間可以找到相關(guān)的事件，抓住文章的主要內(nèi)容。故事類文章情節(jié)性較強(qiáng)，閱讀時要注意故事中的時間、地點(diǎn)、人物和發(fā)生的事件，這些都是文章中的主要內(nèi)容和信息，對于準(zhǔn)確理解文章十分重要。說文說明文是對事物的形狀、性質(zhì)、特征、成果或功用等進(jìn)行介紹，解釋或闡述的文章。把握所說明事物的特征和本質(zhì)是理解說明文的關(guān)說明事物特征的方法很多，主要有定義法、解釋法、比較法、比喻法、數(shù)字法、圖表法、引用法和舉例法等。數(shù)字說明文在閱讀數(shù)字說明文時要特別注意文中數(shù)字的含義，從這些數(shù)字中可以找到文章的主要內(nèi)容。解釋說明文解釋說明文著重說明事物的本質(zhì)、特征和功用等。許多科普文章都屬于這一類。在閱讀這類文章時要學(xué)會解決what,how,why等一類的問題。它們是文章的關(guān)鍵。如能帶著這些問題閱讀，將會更迅速抓住文章的主題。比較說明文比較說明文是通過對比方法說明問閱讀這類文章時要善于把握全篇陳述的基本傾向。作者在談?wù)撘粋€有爭議的問題時總要顧及到爭議的各個方面。但是，在一般情況下，作者的陳述總要傾向于某一種觀點(diǎn)。應(yīng)文應(yīng)用文涉及的范圍比較廣，包括廣告、通知、書信等。應(yīng)用文一般語言簡潔，省略及不規(guī)范的句子較。讀時一般要考生全面掌握文章中提供的信并用這些信息去解決問題。因此對題干的理解尤為重要。閱讀理解的考題分為客觀理解是指在短文中客觀存在的事觀息的答案一般都可以在原文中找理文的具體事實(shí)或抽象概和主觀理解題這類問題都不可能直接從原文中找到答案通過閱讀文章對文章主旨和深層含義有更深理，并據(jù)此進(jìn)行判斷和推理。其中細(xì)節(jié)理解題和測詞義題屬于客觀題；主旨大意題和推理判斷題屬于主觀題。對于客觀題，要提醒他們閱讀時關(guān)注文章的細(xì)節(jié)，如時間，地點(diǎn)或一些具體數(shù)字，在選

擇答案時，務(wù)必從原文中找到確切的依據(jù)。二閱讀解解步、速全，解意運(yùn)用略讀掃讀跳等技巧快速閱讀搜尋關(guān)鍵詞主句捕捉時空順情、人物、觀點(diǎn)，并且理清文章脈絡(luò)，把握語篇實(shí)質(zhì)。抓主題句是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。主題句一般出現(xiàn)在文章的開頭和結(jié)尾。主題句往往對全文起提示、啟迪、概括、歸納之作用，主旨大意題，歸納概括題，中心思想題往往直接可從主題句中找到答案。、看干帶問讀章首先要掌握問題的類型觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案主觀判斷題考查的是對文章的感情基調(diào)等類題必須經(jīng)過對作者的態(tài)度圖及對整篇文章進(jìn)行深一層的推理等次解試題題干以各個選項(xiàng)所包含的信息有針對性地對文章進(jìn)行掃讀，對有關(guān)信息進(jìn)行快速定位。此法加強(qiáng)了閱讀的針對性，提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率。、邏輯理做深理題在實(shí)際閱讀中有時作者并未把圖說出來讀者要根據(jù)字面意思通語篇邏輯關(guān)系，研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度文章的寓義。要求讀者對文字的表面信息進(jìn)行分析掘和邏輯推理就事論事概題在提問中常用的詞有imply,suggest,indicate等、猜詞義掃閱攔虎猜詞是應(yīng)用英語的重要能力不但需要準(zhǔn)確無誤地理解上下文且有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認(rèn)識較多的課外詞匯。三閱理四題及題巧Ⅰ事細(xì)題屬于細(xì)節(jié)類型的閱讀理解題一般只針對某個特定的細(xì)節(jié)型以多種多樣類型一般分兩種。第一種是直接理解題原文中可以直接找到答案第種是詞義轉(zhuǎn)換題，正確選項(xiàng)是原文有關(guān)詞語和句子的轉(zhuǎn)換此類試題一定要抓住事件發(fā)生的時間物發(fā)展過程和結(jié)局等環(huán)節(jié)所答一定要符合原文切可望文生義這類題型的主要提問方式常為：

①Whichofthefollowingistrue/NOTtrueinthepassage?②WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTdiscussed/mentionedinthepassage?③Whichistherightorderthegiveninthe④AllfollowingstatementsareNOTexcept.細(xì)節(jié)題的破解一般采用尋讀法先看試題再文章對關(guān)信息進(jìn)行快速定位，再將相關(guān)信息進(jìn)行整合、甄別、分析、對比，有根有據(jù)地排除干擾項(xiàng)，選出正確答案。尋讀法還特別適用于對圖形表格類題材的理解此型的題目還要特別注意句子的邏輯關(guān)系語中有許多功能詞，如：表因果關(guān)系的because,since,as等；表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的but,however,onthecontrary,ontheother等等。Ⅱ猜詞題閱讀理解中障礙往往有兩個是被已認(rèn)識的單詞的某一熟知含義所誤導(dǎo)是完全不認(rèn)識的單詞的意思所阻礙。因而要在樹立起上下文觀念，學(xué)順藤摸瓜"，通過構(gòu)詞，語法，定義，同位，對比，因果，常識，上下文等線索確定詞義。在閱讀解題時要注意從以下七個方面著手：）根定或釋說猜生的義在bebe，call等判斷詞出現(xiàn)的判斷句中，或定語從句及標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號，可以根據(jù)已知部分，猜測生詞的含義。例如：Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.通理解定語從句的意思，能猜出herdsman是“牧人）根對關(guān)猜生的義在，however，yet，otherwise，though些表示意義轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞出現(xiàn)的句子中，其前后的詞有明顯對比關(guān)系根已知的內(nèi)容通過這種對比關(guān)系就很容易猜出生詞的詞義了。例如：ThoughTom’sfacehaswashedquiteclean,neckstillremainsgrubby.和clean意思對的便“骯臟的”了，因此可猜出句中g(shù)rubby的思是“骯臟的）通因關(guān)猜詞because,since與是連原狀語從句的從屬連詞連接表示結(jié)果的狀語從句的連詞，so...that與such...that中that連接結(jié)果狀語從句的。當(dāng)這些信息詞出現(xiàn)在有生詞的句子中，通過因果關(guān)系，依據(jù)已知部分就能猜出生詞的詞義。例如wantedthehairdressertotrimherhairabitbecauseitwastoolong.根據(jù)because從所講的意思，可推測trim就“修剪”之意。

）根生常猜詞運(yùn)用邏輯推理能力自身的生活驗(yàn)及生活常識聯(lián)系上下文能讀懂的部分可以正確猜出詞義。例如：Mostoftherosesarebeginningtowitherbecausethecold.根據(jù)句子意思及生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)wither表示“枯萎）根同關(guān)猜詞同等關(guān)系指的是一個詞一詞或短語在句中作同一成分且它們的詞義都屬于同一范疇顯的標(biāo)志是樣的組或短語中間常常用并列連詞and或or來接如：Atforty-twohewasinhisprimeandalwaysfullofenergy.從“年齡42歲”及與prime具同等關(guān)系的fullofenergy可猜出prime的思是“盛年時期）根列的例測義Youcantakeoftheperiodicals:TheWorld.“ForeignLanguageTeachinginSchools”or“EnglishLearning”后面列舉的例子中，可以猜出periodical是“刊，雜志”意思。）根構(gòu)法識測義根據(jù)學(xué)過的構(gòu)詞法知識知道詞根和前綴或后綴的意義可出由它們組成的新詞詞義。例如：TheschoolsarereluctanttooffeventeacherswithticketstheEngland-Argentinagamehadtroublegettingthedayoff.A.kindB.unwillingC.freeD.careless【解題思路】通過破折號可知正確答案為B.Ⅲ推判題做這類題要求在閱讀理解整體語篇的同時要求對作者的態(tài)度圖及文章細(xì)節(jié)的發(fā)展作正確的推理判斷力求從作的角度去考慮要固守自己的看法或觀點(diǎn)不要主觀臆斷，憑空想象，任意發(fā)揮，而走入誤區(qū)。要學(xué)會運(yùn)用主題句去推測、揣摩文字背后作者的意圖，運(yùn)用歸納、對比、演繹技能，運(yùn)用背景知識去挖掘文章深層含義，從而正確理解作者的言外之意，同時認(rèn)真體會文章的語氣與感情基如：否定、厭惡、反問、諷刺。這類試題常以如下句式發(fā)問：Whatcanyouconclude/implyfrompassage?What’theauthor’attitude態(tài)度towards...?Wecaninfer/learnfromthepassagethat...

如：therewassomethingwithmachineinafactory.Theworkerscoulddonothingbutturntoaengineerforhelp,alineonandsaid,“Takethepartwherethelineisandchangeitforanew”Themachine,withanewlineon,beganwellagain.Theengineerthenaskedfor$30,000forwhathehaddone.followingwerewhatwroteonabill,“Thepartonlycostsonedollar,knowingwherethewiththemachineiscosts$29,999.”Q:Whatcanyoupassage?A.theengineeraskedfortoomuchmoneyB.theworkersshouldpaythemoneyC.theknowledgeisworthmoneyD.thenewpartcouldcostmore這篇短文是作者講的一個故事，那么通過這個故事我們可以判斷出什么呢？雖然作者沒有言明，但是我們可以斷定，發(fā)現(xiàn)問題的所在需要智慧和知識，知識是創(chuàng)造價值的源泉，因此此題的正確答案應(yīng)為C。Ⅳ主大題這種題型要求能夠把握文章的總體真正理解主題和中心要求能較好地運(yùn)用概括斷、歸納、推理等邏輯思維方法解題，難度較大，屬于高層次題。一般主旨大意題可以分為兩類：．確文的題主標(biāo)題位于文章之首，用來高度概括文章內(nèi)容，點(diǎn)明文章主題。要確定文章標(biāo)題，首先，要在閱讀原文的基礎(chǔ)上慮標(biāo)題是否與主題密切相關(guān)次標(biāo)是否能概括全文內(nèi)容。不能只概括短文中的某些事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)；然后注意標(biāo)題范圍不應(yīng)太大或太??；最后題應(yīng)簡練并能吸引讀者常見的標(biāo)題型題干：1)Thetitle/headlineforthispassagemightbe________.2)The(passage)couldbeentitled______.3)Whatisthetitleforpassage?4)What’sthetopicthearticle?如：thealotofpeopleintheUSAoutofwork.AmongthesepeoplewasamannamedAlfredButts.Healwayshadaninterestingamesandtohistimeplannedagamewhichhe“Lexico”.However,hewasnotcompletely

satisfiedwiththegame,sohemadeanumberofchangesitandchangeditsnamefrom“Lexico”to“”andthen“CrissCross.Hewantedtomakesomemoneyfromhisnewgamebuthethaveany商性)success.Q:Thetextismainlyabout________.A.LexicoB.ThreemenC.D.Butts.【解題思路】答案A和C以偏全。因此此題的正確答案應(yīng)為D。主句主大的括一般來說說明文和議論文都有題句而且多位于文章的開頭有時也位于文章的中間或末尾但時不能在文中直找到主題句求把握每段的主題句弄清段于段之間邏輯關(guān)系的基礎(chǔ)上歸納總結(jié)題必須能簡潔明了地概括全文的主要內(nèi)容有度的綜合性和概括性。文章或段落的其他句子都是對主題句的進(jìn)一步解,說明,論證或擴(kuò)展常見的主題句和主旨型題干：1)Whatisthetopicsentenceofthe2)Thisarticle/text/passagemainlytellsthat_____________.3)Whichofthefollowinggivesageneralideaofthepassage?4)Whichofthefollowingisofthepassage?如：Binghamstudied4yearsattheUniversityofParisanddecidedtoleavehisgraduation.transferredtotheofBerlinandgraduatedwithhonors.HarvardLawSchoolBostonCollegeprovidedwithanexcellentlegalbackground.HeispresentlycorporationlawyerinMiami,Florida.Q:Whatisthemainofthepassage?A.HowJoshuaBinghambecamelawyer.B.BinghamisadiligentC.JoshuaBinghamanexcellenteducation.D.Agoodlawyerneedsgoodeducation.【解題思路】此沒有主題句全篇共四句，只陳述了四個細(xì)節(jié)性的事實(shí)。因此就答案本身看個都對。所以只能將所的細(xì)節(jié)綜合起來，進(jìn)行邏輯推理，才能構(gòu)成一個沒有言明的主題思想。由于文中主要涉及了Bingham接教育的情況，即作者想告訴我們的是：接過良好的教育，所以答案是Ｃ?！窘?jīng)典題型】

初中經(jīng)典題型Differentweathermakespeoplefeeldifferent.Itinfluenceshealth,intelligence(智)andfeelings.InAugust,itisveryhotandwetthesouthernpartofUnitedStates.Peopletherehavehearttroubleandotherkindsofhealthproblemsduringthismonth.IntheNortheastandMiddleWest,itisveryhotatsometimesandverycoldatothertimes.Peopleinthesestates(州havemorehearttroubleaftertheweatherchangesinFebruaryorMarch.Theweathercanalsoinfluenceintelligence.example,ina1983reportbyscientists,IQ(智商ofagroupofstudentswasveryhighwhenaverystrongwindcame,butafterthestrongwind,theirwas10%lower.Thewindcanhelppeoplehavemoreintelligence.Veryhotweather,theotherhand,canmakeitlower.StudentsinmanyschoolstheStatesoftengetworseonexamsinthehotmonthsoftheyear(JulyandAugust).Weatheralsoastrongon’sfeelings.Wintermaybeabadtimeforthinpeople.Theyusuallyfeelcoldduringthesemonths.Theymightfeelunhappyduringcoldweather.Butfatpeoplemayhavehardtimehotsummer.Atabout℃peoplestronger.Lowairpressure(氣壓)maymakepeopleforgetful(忘.Peopleleavemorebagsonbusesandinshopsonlow-pressuredays.Peoplefeelatatemperatureofabout18℃Areyoufeelingsad,tired,forgetful,unhappyItmaybeweatherproblem.1．Whatcancauseproblemson？A.HotandwetweatherB.AC.WarmweatherD.Lowair2．reportshowsthatpeoplemayhavemoreintelligence______comes.A.rainB.astrongwindC.veryhotweatherD.airpressure3．Accordingto(根據(jù))thewriter,fatpeoplefeelbadin______A.coldB.coolC.warmD.hot

4．writerwantstotell______.A.hotandcoldweatherinfluencesallpeopleinthesamewayB.weatherinfluencespeoplebehaviorC.IQchangeswhenweatherchangesD.peoplefeelonlowpressure5．Whichisthebesttitle(標(biāo)題forthispassage？A.HotWeatherCausesHealthProblemsB.DifferentMakesPeopleFeelBadC.WeatherInfluencesFeelingsD.WeatherInfluencesIntelligenceandFeelings【答案與解析】這篇短文中作者用舉例的方法說明了天氣變化對于人體健康，智商和心情的影響。4．細(xì)節(jié)。根據(jù)短文大意和第段Differentweathermakespeoplefeeldifferent.Itinfluences力andfeelings.可知，天氣對于人的智商是有影響的。故選C。5．主旨意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要說明氣候?qū)θ梭w的影響。故選D。高中經(jīng)典題型StudentsincountriesarelearningEnglish.Someofstudentsaresmallchildren.Othersareteen-agers.Manyareadults.Somelearnschool,themselves.AfewlearnEnglishbylearningthelanguageovertheradio,onTV,orinfilm.Onemustworktolearnanotherlanguage.WhydoallthesepeoplewanttolearnEnglish?Itisdifficulttoquestion.ManyboysandgirlslearnEnglishatschoolitisoneoftheir

subjectsrequiredforstudy.TheystudytheirlanguageandmathandEnglish:Somepeoplelearnitbecauseitisusefulfortheirwork.ManypeoplelearnEnglishfortheirwork.ManypeoplelearnEnglishfortheirhigherstudies,becauseatcollegeoruniversitysometheirbooksareinEnglish.OtherpeoplelearnEnglishbecausetheywantnewspapersormagazinesinEnglish.1.PeoplelearnEnglish_______.A.atschoolB.overtheradioC.onTVD.notallthesameway2.Differentkindsoftolearn_______.A.togetherwithothersubjectsB.fordifferentreasonsC.fortheirworkD.forhigherstudiesatcolleges3.Fromthispassage_______.A.wecanlearneasilyB.EnglishisverydifficulttolearnC.EnglishislearnedbymostpeopleintheworldD.Englishisausefullanguagebutonemustworktolearn4.Whichofthefollowingisright?A.Wedon’tneedtolearnanyreignlanguages.B.WecandowellinallourworkwithoutEnglish.C.Englishisthemostimportantsubjectinschools.D.WeshouldlearnEnglishweneedtofacetheworld.【答案與解析】這篇文章探究了學(xué)習(xí)英語熱潮的現(xiàn)象和發(fā)生這種現(xiàn)象的原因。

【實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練】————先做初中題—夯基礎(chǔ)————（）Willyoubeexcitedyoufinallygettorelax?WhatwilltheJunior3studentsdotocelebrateaftertheseniorhighentranceexamsinJune?Here,threeofthemtelluswhattheyplandoafterthebigexam.LiJunzhe,15,Huaihua,Hunan:MyfriendsandIwilltravelBeijingandtheShanghaiExporightaftertheexam.Weplannedtogobyourselvesbutwereturneddownbyourparents.Theyweweretooyoungtotravelalone.ActuallyI'mokaywithitbecauseI'vealreadytraveledbymyself.ZhuHangian,15,Dexing,Jiangxi:WhatamIgoingtodothissummer?OfcourseI'llgotoseetheExpo!Butbeforethat,Iwillwatchmovies.Becauseofthebigexam,Ihaven'tseenanymoviesforalongtime.willwatchwhateverisinthecinema!AsExpo,Ican'twaittoseetheseedsintheUKPavilion.DongXu,14,Dalian,Liaoning:Iwill,nodoubt,playcomputergamesdaysafterthebigexam.Mymotherneverletmeduringpastyears.Ican'timaginehowexcitingitwillbenow.AlsomyfriendsandIwillgotoseetheShanghaiExpo.Thefirstmust-seeonmylististheLiaoningPavilion,ourhomepavilion.curious的aboutwhatweareshowingtotheworldthere.1．underlinedword"Pavilion."means_______inChinese.A.場B.水族館C.溜冰場臺館2．hastheexperienceoftravellingalone?A.DongXuB.NobodyC.ZhuHangjianD.LiJunzhe

3．Hangianwill________beforetravelingtoShanghai.A.watchmoviescomputergamesC.seefilmsinthecinema

B.playD.gotoBeijingwithhisfriends4．threestudentswillbeexcitedabouttheirsummerplansbecause_______.A.theywilltoseetheShanghaiwanttoseemoviesC.theywillplaygamesfordaystraveltoBeijing5．Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.APlanToTheB.funC.AtripToShanghaiD.BigExam【答案與解析】

B.theyallD.theywill4．根據(jù)文大意可知，這三名生都將在考試之后去看世博會。故選A5．根據(jù)文開頭的描述“Junior3studentsdocelebrateaftertheseniorhighentranceexamsinJune?”可知，這是三個學(xué)生對于中考之后的打算。故選（）OnAugust15,2011,theMinistryPublishSecurity)startedacampaign(活動toeducatedriversaboutthedangersofdrivingafterdrinking.Asapartofthecampaign,policeofficerswatchedbars,restaurantsandKTVsinBeijing,Shanghai,Liaoning,Jiangsu,Zhejiang,HubeiandGuangdong.Itended

uponDecember30.Butittoldthedriversthemeaningthenewtrafficlawsthedangersofdrinking.InBeijing,somerestaurantsputupnoticesandtolddriversabouttheirresponsibility.“Usuallyifgroupofguestscomebythewon’tdrink.Ifhedoes,weremindhim,saidawaitressfromDongfanginBeijing.Fewerdriversaredrinkingalcoholnowadays,sincemanyknowaboutthecampaign.WangLankun,atrafficpolicemaninsaid,“Somedriversthinkaglassofbeerisnotaproblem.Butabloodtestwillshowthattheirblood-alcohollevelismoren20mgforeach100mlofblood,thatistoaffecttheirdriving.”Duringthecampaign,driverswhohaveablood-alcohollevelforeach100mlofbloodwillgetafineof500yuan.Also,theywillnotbeallowedtodriveforthreemonths.Infact,therearestricttopunishdrunkinmanyothercountries.Forexample,theUSA,ifsomeonehasablood-alcohollevelofoverforeach100mlofblood,hewillbesenttoprisonforoneyear.ButinBritain,hewillbefined5,000poundsand（禁止fromdrivingfor12months,hewillbesenttoprisonfor6months.InGermany,adriverhasablood-alcohollevelofover60mgforeach100mlofblood,he’tbeallowedtodriveuntilheanewdrivingtest.1．didthecampaignlast?A.Foraboutyear.B.Foraboutfourandahalfmonths.C.Forabout12months.D.Foraboutthreemonths.2．policeofficerswatchedmanyexcept___________.A.restaurantsB.KTVsC.schoolsD.bars3．a(chǎn)drinksglassofbeforedrivinginChina,_________A.itwon’taffecthisdriving.B.hewilltakeanewtestandgetadriver’slicense.C.hewon’tbealloweddriveforthreehs.D.hisblood-alcohollevelbeover60mgeach100mlblood.4．a(chǎn)hasablood-alcohollevelofover80mgforeach100mlofbloodin

Germany,whichpunishmentwillheaccept?A.Oneyearinprison.B.untilhepassesadrivingtest.C.A12-monthbanfromroads.D.ofpounds.5．Fromthetext,know_________.A.ThewaitressintherestaurantcanremindthedrivertodrinkB.MoreandmoredriversaredrinkingnowadaysC.TheMinistryPublishbeganthiscampaigntopunishthedriversD.Alldriversmustpassanewdrivingtestiftheydriveafterdrinking【答案與解析】這篇短文主要介紹了公安部針對酒駕問題開展的一項(xiàng)活動并且介紹了一些西方國家在這方面所采取的一些措施，提醒司機(jī)們駕駛安全問題的重要性。4．根據(jù)后一段InGermany,ifahasablood-alcohollevelofover60mgforeach100mlofblood,he’beallowedtodriveuntilhepassesanewdrivingtest描述可知選B。5．根據(jù)文第二段描述，可知店服務(wù)員可以提醒司機(jī)不要飲酒。故選A。（）AprimarybusstoppedthebusinagasstationinOhiobecausehehadtousethebathroom.Insteadofturningofftheengine(引擎andthekeywithhim,thedriverleftrunning.Andheforgottosetthebrake動器)becausehewasinhurry.“Itwascoldoutside,Ididn’twantkidstogetcoldwhileIsusingthebathroom,heapoliceofficer.Thebusslowlystartedmovingawayfromthegasstation.thebuspickedupspeed,thekidsbeganshoutingandcrying.Ten-year-oldJakeranforwardtothe

driver’seatandheldsteeringwheel盤).Hepressedhardonthebrakepedal(踏板andmanagedtostoptheasitcamenearertoariverofftheengineatlast.Afterthepolicearrivedatscene,theypraisedforhisgreateffort.“Thatisonecoolkid,”saidthepoliceofficer.“Itoldhimhewouldmakeagreatpoliceofficerwhenhegrewup.Jakewasn’impressedwithwhathehaddone.“Stoppingthebus,”hesaid,“waseasycomparedplayingGrandTheftAutofavoritevideogame.Thebusdriverwastakentopolicestation.Hewasatfirst控with“l(fā)eavingadalonewhilemotoris”Thelawyersaidhehopedtoupgradethechargebecauseofthenumberofchildrenonthe“Whateverheischargedwith,policeofficersaid,“Ithatheneverdrivesbusagain.”1．’thedriverturnoffthewhenhewenttothebathroom?Because_______.A.hewasinahurryB.heforgottodoitC.hedidnthekidstoD.hethoughthewouldbebackinaminute2．Whatisthecorrectorder?_________a.Thebusstartedmoving.b.Jaketurnedofftheengine.c.Jakeheldthewheel.d.Thekidsbeganshoutingandcrying.e.Jakeranforwardtothe’sseat.f.Jakepressedhardonthebrakepedal.A.a-b-c-d-e-f

B.a-d-e-c-f-bC.d-a-c-e-f-bD.d-e-a-b-c-f3．WhatdoweaboutJake?________A.Hecoulddrive.B.Heelevenyearsold.

C.Hewantedtobeapoliceofficer.D.HelikedplayingGrandTheftAutoIII.4underlinedwordupgrademeantheparagraph?__________A.改B.取C.加重D.減5．Whatwillprobablytothebusdriver?Hewill_______.A.notbechargedB.facethemostseriouschargeC.notbeallowedtodriveagainD.onlybechargedwith“l(fā)eavingachildalonewhilemotorisrunning”【答案與解析】4．聯(lián)下文becauseofthenumberofchildren(twenty)onthe描，可知此處指的是加重對這位司機(jī)的指控的意思，故選。5．根據(jù)后一段警察的話，可這位司機(jī)將來在很難再開公交車了。故選C。（）TheDiaoyuislandshavealonghistoryaspartofChina's（領(lǐng)土）belongingtothecountrysinceancienttimes.Theyarelocated(位于)thenortheastofTaiwanIsland,Thetotallandmassoftheseislands(總面積isabout5.69squarekilometers.SincetheJapanesegovernmentboughttheDiaoyuIslands,thetension（張）ChinaandJapanabouttheislandshasgoneup.SeveralmajorShanghaitravelagencieshavedecidedtostoporganizingtourstoJapanandadvised

Japan-bound(前日本的)touriststomakeotherplans,becaueseoftheIslandsissue(爭端).TheShanghaiChinaCYTSOutboundServiceCo.Ltd.中旅出境旅游服務(wù)有限公司）stoppedthetourtoJapanandwillgraduallystopreceivingtouristbookings(預(yù)訂toJapanaftertheNationalDayholiday,accordingtoLiuXin,thecompany’manager.TheShanghaioftheChinaTravelInternationalLtd.國旅行社有限公司上海分部)saiditadvisingpeoplewantedvisitJapantochangetheirplans.Infact,touristshadalreadybeguntoaskforcancellation(取消)oftheirtourstoJapanbecausetheywereworriedabouttheirsafety.Lastyear,morethan100,000touristsfromShanghaiwenttoJapanonorganizedtours.ThatmadeJapanthesecondmostpopulartourplacefortravelersfromthecity,onlyafterThailand.1．DiaoyuIslandsdon’belongtoJapan,dothey?A.Yes,theydo.B.C.No,theydon’t.D.No,they’t.2．didseveralmajorShanghaitravelagenciesstoporganizingthetourtoJapan?A.BecauseitisfarfromChinaJapan.B.causetheythinktheycouldn’tmakemoremoneybyorganizingthetourtoJapanC.Becauseitwillcosttoomuchmoney.D.BecauesetheDiaoyuIslandsissuehappenedbetweenChinaandJapan.3．Accordingtothepassage,whichthefollowingstatementsis？A.China'sIslandistothesouthwestofDiaoyuIslands.B.Japanisthemostpopularplacefortravelersfromcity.C.TheShanghaiChinaCYTSOutboundTravelCo.Ltd.saiditadvisingpeoplewhowantedtovisitJapantotheirplans.D.TheShanghaibranchtheChinaInternationalLtd.stoppedtourtoJapan

4．Thismaybe_____.A.anadB.apieceofnewsC.aposterD.survey5．’themainideaofthepassage?A.TheDiaoyuIslandsbelongtoChinasinceancienttimes.B.TheJapanesegovernment“boughttheIslands.C.Touristscanceled消thetourstoJapanbecaueseoftheDiaoyuIslandsissue.D.Lastyear,manytouristswenttoJapanonorganizedtours.【答案與解析】這篇短文主要介紹了釣魚島爭端對于旅游業(yè)的影響，許多人因此取消了去日本的旅行。4．這篇文主要介紹了釣魚島端對于旅游業(yè)的影響，故有可能出自一篇報紙。選B。5C這篇短文主要介紹了釣魚島端對于旅游業(yè)的影響，許多人因此取消了去日本的旅行。故選C。————再戰(zhàn)高中題—能提升———(1)Mr.Langworkedinafactory.adriver,hewasbusybuthewasmuch.Hiswifewasanablewomananddidallthehousework.Whenhecameback,shetookgoodcareofhimandheneverdidanythingathome.hehadenoughtimehehadaholiday.fewfriendsofhisliked賭博)andhelearneditsoon.Sohewasinterestedinithardlyforgotanythingexceptgambling.Helostallhismoneyandlaterhebegantosellthetelevision,watchesandsoon.HistoldhimnottodoitbuthetlistentoShehadtotellthepolice.Heandhisfriendswerepunishedforit.Andhewashardlysentaway.Afterhecame

outoflockup(拘留所,hehatedherverymuchwomanhadtoleavehim.ItwasNewYearMr.Langdidngotowork.Hefeltlonelyandwantedtogambleagain.Hecalledhisfriendsandcamesoon.Buttheywereafraidthepolicewouldcome.Hetoldhisfive-year-oldsontogotofindoutiftherewerethepolicemenoutside.Theywaitedforlongtimeanddidn’tthinkthewouldcomeandbegantogamble.Suddenlyopenedtheandincameafewpolicemen.“Ithereweren’tanypolicemenoutside,daddy,”saidtheboy,“soIwenttothecrossingandaskedsometocome.”1.Mr.Langwasbecause_______.A.hewasadriverB.heworkedinfactoryC.hehadalotofworktodoD.hehadworkedthereforalong2.Mrs.Langdidallhouseworkbecause_______.A.she’tfindanyworkB.thoughtherhusbandwastiredC.herhusbandspentalltimeingamblingD.shewouldn’tstopgambling3._______,sohelockup.A.Mr.LangoftengambledB.Mr.LanglateforworkC.Mr.Langdidn’thelpwifeathomeD.Mr.Langwasn’ttothepolice4.ThewomanhadtoleaveMr.Lang_______.A.hedidnheranylongerB.hewouldn’tstopgamblingC.hehadbeenputintolockupD.hewashardlysentbythefactory5.Whichofthefollowingisright?A.Theboyhopedhisfathertoputintoagain.B.Theboythoughthisfatherneededsomepolicemen.C.Theboyhopedhisfathertostopgamblingsoon.D.Theboyhopedhismothertocomeback.【答案與解析本講一個賭棍要賭錢因叫他的兒子把風(fēng)可的兒子卻把警察找來的故事。

4.A。細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)…h(huán)ehatedherverymuchandthewomanhadtoleavehim可知答案為A。5.B。語義理解題。根據(jù)最后一話Isawwerentanypolicemanoutside,daddy,soIwenttotheandaskedsometo可知答案為B。（）Solongasteachersfailtodistinguishbetweenteachingandlearning,theywillcontinuetoundertaketoforchildrenthatwhichonlychildrencandoforthemselves.childrentoreadisnotreadingtothem.Itiscertainlynotendlesshoursspentinactivitiesaboutreading.Douglasinsiststhat“readingcannotbetaughtdirectlyandschoolsshouldstoptryi