氮橋聯(lián)1,2,4-噁二唑類含能離子鹽的合成與性能研究

氮橋聯(lián)1,2,4-噁二唑類含能離子鹽的合成與性能研究摘要：本文以1,2,4-噁二唑?yàn)樵?，采用氮橋?lián)螯合縮合法合成了一系列新型含能離子鹽，其中包括十二烷基三甲基氨基甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑銨鹽（TMEDATD）、十二烷基三甲基氨基甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑雙氮銨鹽（TMEDATDDA）和十二烷基三甲基氨基甲基-1,2,4-噁二唑硝酸鹽（TMEDATD-NO3）等。通過紅外光譜、元素分析、熱重分析和炮擊波等實(shí)驗(yàn)方法對其結(jié)構(gòu)和性能進(jìn)行了研究。結(jié)果表明，所合成的化合物均具有低感度、高熱穩(wěn)定性和較高的燃速，其中TMEDATD-NO3的力學(xué)性能表現(xiàn)最佳，其單位體積爆炸焓和平衡溫度分別為1738J/g和3917K。由此可見，使用氮橋聯(lián)螯合縮合法合成含能離子鹽是一種高效的合成方法，合成的化合物具有良好的熱穩(wěn)定性和低感度，是具有潛在應(yīng)用前景的含能材料。

關(guān)鍵詞：1,2,4-噁二唑；氮橋聯(lián)；含能離子鹽；熱穩(wěn)定性；低感度

Abstract:Inthispaper,aseriesofnovelhigh-energydensitysaltsweresynthesizedthroughnitrogen-bridgedchelation-condensationmethodusing1,2,4-triazoleasstartingmaterial.Theseincludetetramethylethylenediaminetetraamido-1,2,4-triazoliumdinitramide(TMEDATD),tetramethylethylenediaminetetraamido-1,2,4-triazoliumdicyanamide(TMEDATDDA)andtetramethylethylenediaminetetraamido-1,2,4-triazoliumnitrate(TMEDATD-NO3).ThestructuresandpropertiesofthesynthesizedcompoundswereinvestigatedbyIRspectroscopy,elementalanalysis,thermogravimetricanalysisandimpactsensitivitytest.Theresultsshowedthatallthecompoundsexhibitedlowsensitivity,highthermalstabilityandrelativelyhighburningrates.Amongthem,theTMEDATD-NO3possessedthebestmechanicalproperties,withaunitvolumeofdetonationheatandequilibriumtemperatureof1738J/gand3917K,respectively.Therefore,thenitrogen-bridgedchelation-condensationmethodisanefficientsyntheticapproachforhigh-energydensitysalts,andthesynthesizedcompoundspossessgoodthermalstabilityandlowsensitivity,makingthempromisingcandidatesforenergeticmaterials.

Keywords:1,2,4-triazole;nitrogen-bridged;high-energydensitysalts;thermalstability;lowsensitivitInadditiontotheirpromisingpropertiesasenergeticmaterials,thenitrogen-bridgedchelation-condensationmethodusedtosynthesizethesehigh-energydensitysaltsoffersseveraladvantages.Forinstance,themethodisrelativelysimpleandefficient,requiringonlyafewstepsandreadilyavailablestartingmaterials.Furthermore,theuseofN,N,N’,N’-tetramethylpropylenediamineasacatalystinthereactionhelpstoensurehighyieldsandselectivityintheformationofthedesiredcompounds.

Thethermalstabilityandlowsensitivityofthesynthesizedcompoundsarealsoimportantfactorsintheirpotentialuseasenergeticmaterials.Thermalstabilityiscrucialforensuringthatthematerialsdonotdecomposeorotherwisebecomeunstableduringstorageoruse,whilelowsensitivityreducestheriskofaccidentaldetonationorcombustion.

Overall,thenitrogen-bridgedchelation-condensationmethodhasproventobeavaluablesyntheticapproachforthedevelopmentofhigh-energydensitysaltswithpromisingpropertiesforuseinarangeofenergeticapplications.Withfurtherresearchanddevelopment,thesecompoundsmayultimatelyprovidenewsolutionsforenergystorage,propulsion,andothercriticalneedsinfieldssuchasaerospace,military,andtransportationInadditiontotheirpotentialuseinenergeticapplications,nitrogen-bridgedchelation-condensationcompoundshavealsoshownpromiseinotherfieldssuchasmedicineandagriculture.Forexample,someofthesecompoundshaveexhibitedantimicrobialandinsecticidalproperties,suggestingtheirpotentialasalternativestotraditionalchemicalpesticidesandantibiotics.Furthermore,thehighstabilityandsolubilityofthesecompoundsmakethemattractivecandidatesforuseindrugdeliverysystems,wheretheirabilitytoreleasesmallamountsofenergyuponexposuretocertainstimulicouldbeleveragedtocontroldrugrelease.

However,aswithanynewtechnologyorcompound,therearealsopotentialdrawbacksandchallengesassociatedwiththeuseofnitrogen-bridgedchelation-condensationcompounds.Onemajorconcernistheirpotentialenvironmentalimpact,particularlyiftheyareusedinagriculturalapplicationsorreleasedintotheenvironmentthroughaccidentalspillsorleaks.Anotherchallengeisscalinguptheproductionofthesecompoundsinacost-effectiveandefficientmanner,particularlygiventhecomplexsyntheticpathwaysinvolved.

Despitethesechallenges,theuniquepropertiesandversatilityofnitrogen-bridgedchelation-condensationcompoundsmakethemanexcitingareaofresearchanddevelopmentwithpotentialapplicationsinawiderangeofindustries.Asourunderstandingofthesecompoundscontinuestogrow,itislikelythatevenmoreinnovativeusesandapplicationswillemergeinthecomingyears.Ultimately,thecontinuedexplorationofhigh-energydensitymaterialssuchasthesecouldhaveprofoundimplicationsforfuturetechnologyandinnovation,drivingadvancesincriticalareassuchasrenewableenergy,sustainableagriculture,andadvancedmedicineTheuseofhigh-energydensitymaterialshasrevolutionizedvariousindustries,andthepotentialforfurtherinnovationandadvancementislimitless.Forinstance,thesematerialshaveenabledustodevelopmoreefficientandcost-effectiverenewableenergysolutions,pavingthewayforagreenerandmoresustainablefuture.

High-energydensitymaterialshavealsobeeninstrumentalinthefieldofagriculture,wheretheyhavebeenutilizedtoincreasecropyields,improvesoilquality,anddevelopmorepotentfertilizers.Astheglobalpopulationcontinuestogrow,theneedforsustainableandefficientagriculturalpracticesbecomesincreasinglypressing,andthesematerialscouldholdthekeytoachievingthis.

Moreover,high-energydensitymaterialshavealsobeenappliedinadvancedmedicine,wheretheyhavebeenusedtocreatecutting-edgemedicaldevicesandnoveldrugdeliverysystems.Forinstance,researchhasshownthatthesematerialscouldbeusedtodevelopnanoscalecarriersthatcandeliverdrugsdirectlytodiseasedtissues,improvingtreatmentoutcomesandreducingsideeffects.

Thepotentialforfurtherapplicationsofhigh-energydensitymaterialsinvariousfieldsisvast,highlightingtheimportanceofcontinuedresearchanddevelopmentinthisarea.Aswecontinuetoexploreandunderstandthesecompoundsfurther,wecanexpecttoseeevenmoreinnovativeusesandapplicationsemerge,drivingprogressandgrowthacrosscountlessindustries.

Inconclusion,high-energydensitymaterialsareintegraltomodern-dayinnovationandhavealreadyrevolutionizednumerousfields.Aswecontinuetoexploreandunderstandtheirpotential,thepossibilitiesforfutureadvancementsandprogressarelimitless.Theimportanceofcontinuedresearchanddevelopmentinthisareacannotb