長(zhǎng)喜四級(jí)長(zhǎng)篇閱讀特訓(xùn)

第一節(jié)、長(zhǎng)篇閱讀答題技 第二節(jié)、實(shí)戰(zhàn)演 練...............................................................................................【閱讀試題 【解題思路 【全文翻譯 練習(xí) 【閱讀試題 【解題思路 【全文翻譯 練習(xí) 【閱讀試題 【解題思路 【全文翻譯 練習(xí) 【閱讀試題 【解題思路 【全文翻譯 練習(xí) 【閱讀試題 【解題思路 【全文翻譯 第一節(jié)、長(zhǎng)篇閱讀答題技巧（一）先讀題后讀文標(biāo)注人名、地名、術(shù)語(yǔ)等專(zhuān)有判斷并標(biāo)注難替代的標(biāo)注好之后，盡力記住所有題的信息點(diǎn)或，略讀文章時(shí)，一旦出現(xiàn)以上標(biāo)注的詞語(yǔ)，即刻回到相應(yīng)題目，看是否是信息出（二）讀文章首尾句（三）標(biāo)注重要細(xì)節(jié)讀完題目和首尾句之后，快速閱讀文章，同時(shí)做到在文中標(biāo)注題目中出現(xiàn)過(guò)的相同或類(lèi)似在文中標(biāo)注與題目相同或相似的信息點(diǎn)按段落排除法尋找信息做到以上三步之后，60%的信息基本都能找到出處，因?yàn)椋ㄋ模┯⒂⒒プg能力47題Thecensusdataissurprisinginthatcollegegraduatesarealsoamongtheimwork.這題的訣竅除了查找censusdata和imwok這兩短（paragraph能力。題中的collegegaduatesaealsoamongtheim wok.可以用文中F段最后兩句中的theim wokisnotlmtedtounskiledwokes.nact,manyhaveacollegedegee.于發(fā)現(xiàn)此處aealsoamong與isnotliitedto之間相互照應(yīng)的關(guān)系。英英互譯能力要求考生備考時(shí)經(jīng)常練習(xí)用多種不同的英文表達(dá)同一第二節(jié)、實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練練【閱讀試題】AreYouOncewemeetourbasicphysicalneedsoffood,shelter,andcomfort,ourlife esaboutizinghappiness.Weseekmoremeaningfulworkinordertofeelhappier.Wepursueandnurturerelationshipssowecanexperiencehappinessandlovewithotherpeople.Weworkforfinancialindependenceinordertodomoreofwhatweenjoy.Wealsoassistotherstoalleviate(減輕)sufferingintheirlifethroughcharitywork.Theessenceofourpursuitsistoincreaseandenhancethephysicalandemotionalpleasureoflife.ItcanbesummedupasthepursuitofThechallengeisthatweoftenturnedaroundonourpath.We disappointedaspeopleturnoutnottobewhowethought.Relationshipscan ethesourceofemotionaldrama,insecurityandheartbreak.Whenitcomestotimetoevaluatethedirectionofyourlifeitmaybewisetoconsiderhowyourmindaffectsyouremotionalwellbeing.Wehavebeenconditionedtofocusontheexternalphysicalaspectsofourexistenceandhavemissedthemostimportantfactorindeterminingourhappiness.Yourmindisfilledwithassumptions,beliefs,andexpectationsofwhatwillmakeyouhappy.Thesehavebeencollectedoveryears,bothconsciously,andunconsciously.Theyaffectandevendetermineourchoicesinawaythatwemaynotbeaware.Hiddenassumptionsandfalsebeliefsleadyoudownroadtodisappointment,frustration,andotheremotionalreactions.Eventhebeliefsthatyouagreedtoconsciouslyinthepastaboutwhatwouldmakeyouhappymightnotbetrueanymore.Wechange,ourworldchangesandyetourmindsooftentriestostaythesame.Peopleinamidlifecrisislettheirmindresurrect(使)anolddreamofhappinessandfeelingfromtheiryouth,orratherthebeliefsoftheiryouth.Arelationship esunhappyorevenabusiveandthemindclingstothejoyofthebeginningdayscoatedwithfairydust.Thebeliefsinthemindofhopekeepustrappedinloopsofemotionaldramaanddissatisfaction.Onlybyclearingourmindoffalsebeliefsandassumptionscanweseeourselvesandotherpeoplemoreclearly.Byingourselvesfromthelimitingparadigms(范例)ofoldbeliefswehaveanewopportunitytomakebetterchoices.Whenyouexpresslove,acceptance,andrespect,youcreatehappinesswithin.Whenyouexpressjudgments,fear,lousyandanger,youexperienceemotionalchaos.Thechallengeistomasteryouremotionalexpression.Youaretheonlyonewhocandeterminethethoughtsyouthink,thewordsthatcomeoutofyourmouth,andtheemotionsyoucreate.Yourthoughts,choicesandinterpretationsyoumakearebasedonyourcorebeliefs.Whenyouchangeyourcorebeliefsyouchangetheemotionalqualityofyourlife.Thefirststepinchangingthewayyoucreateyourlifeisself-awareness.Youcannotexpecttochangewhatyouarenotawareof.Self-awarenessprovidestheclaritytochoosewhetheryouexpressemotionsofloveorexpressemotionsoutofreactionsoffear.Self-awarenessprovidesthepossibilitytocatchyourselfinthatmomentpriortosayingsomethingdestructiveoreventhinkinganegativethought.Self-awarenessisthemeanstoidentifyyourunconsciouspatternsandraisetheminyourconsciousnesssotheycanbechanged.Itisthroughself-awarenessthatyouidentifyandchangetheunderlyingcorebeliefsthatdrivedestructivebehaviorsandcreatehappiness.Emotionalreactionsusuallystemfromyourassumptionsabouthowlife“oughttobe”,notfromactualevents.Youcreateassumptionsaboutpeople,relationships,businessdeals,andstocksyouinvestin.Yourfalseassumptions(beliefs) ethesetuptofutureemotionalreactions.Awarenessprovidesthepresenceofmindtoseetheassumptionsandfalsebeliefsbeforeyouinvestinthem.Clarityallowsyoutoperceivewhatisreallyhappeninginsteadoffollowingthefalsebeliefsofyourmind.Whenyounolongerlivebythefalsebeliefsinyourmindyouarenolongeravictimtotheemotionsthattrytocontrolyourlife.Havingknowledgeofa“albelief”orbehaviorandadesirechangeitisnotalwaysenough.Takethesmokerswhoknowtheirbehaviorisdestructive,wanttoquit,butareunabletobreakthehabit.Youmayhavebehaviorsandemotionalreactionsthatyouhavebeenunsuccessfulinchanging.Inthiscasewhatislackingisnotjustawarenessbut willpower.Recoveringanddeveloalwillpowerallowsyoutokeepyourcommitmentswithyourselfandothers.Thisistruewhetherthechangeisaboutaddictions,emotionalreactions,exercise,eating,orrelationshiphabits.Onewaytorecover alwillpowerisbyidentifyingandchangingcorebeliefs,throughwhichyounolongercommit alpowertothatconceptualideaorspendyourenergyonemotionalreactions,andasaresult,youhavemore alpowertobreakotherhabits.Bylivingyourlifewithawarenessyouwillchangethewayyoucommunicateinyourrelationships.Youwillnolongerexpressyourselfthroughtheemotionalreactionsthatcomefromillusionsinthemind.Youwillhavethechoiceandthe alpowertoexpressyourselfwithloveandrespect.Bychangingthewayyouexpressyourself,peoplewillchangethewaytheyrespondtoyou.Relationshipsarewhereourfalsebeliefs,emotionalreactions,andlackofwillpowercombinetocausethemostemotionalpaininourlives.Relationshipistheareaofpeople’sliveswheretheyyearnforthemostchange.ItistheareawhereourexpressionoflovecanhaveaprofoundTherearemanywaystoapproachmasteryoveryourlife.Alloftheminvolvecreatingintegrityinyourmind,emotions,actions,andrelationships.To plishthisyouwillneedtounderstandandhavecontroloveryourcorebeliefs,andyourexpressionofemotion.Atfirstglanceself-masteryoveryourbeliefsandyouremotionsmightappeartoochallenging.However,considerthealternativeistoletemotionalreactionsfromfalsebeliefsdeterminethedirectionofyourlife.Accordingtotheauthor,thepeopleinamidlifecrisiswiththeirmindremainsthesameastheywereyoung.Futureemotionalreactionsareusuallyrootedinone’sfalseThechangeofourcorebeliefsisthefinalsolutiontothechangeofourTheprincipletoapproachselfmasteryistointegrateyourmind,emotions,actions,andrelationships.Theauthoremphasizesself-awarenesscanchangeourcorebeliefsthatmaymakeushavedestructivebehaviors.Topursuethehappinessisthenatureofourpursuitafterwemeetourbasicphysicalneeds.Theauthortookthesmokersasanexampleinordertoaddresstheimportanceof alwillpower.Unconsciouspatternscanbeidentifiedthroughself-awarenessturnedintoconsciousByself-awareness,youmaymakeabigchangein(your)relationshipswhicharethesourceofthemostemotionalpain.Themostimportantfactordeterminingourhappinessisourthoughtofwhatwillmakeushappy.【解題思路】［C。題目意為：在作者看來(lái)，處于中年的人們依然由題干中的線(xiàn)索詞peopleinamidlifecrisis，theirmind，young將本題［F。題目意為：未來(lái)的情緒反應(yīng)通常植根于人們錯(cuò)誤的信念。由題干中的線(xiàn)索詞Futureemotionalreactionsfalsebeliefs將本題出處.D由題干中的線(xiàn)索詞corebeliefs，emotions將本題出處定位至［D］段。該段前兩句使用排比的句式了你的表達(dá)對(duì)情緒的影響。接下來(lái)的內(nèi)容就情感表達(dá)以及信念的關(guān)系進(jìn)行了闡述，最后一句，當(dāng) 我們情緒的改變最終取決于信念。本題是對(duì)該段內(nèi)容的綜合概述［I。題目意為：實(shí)現(xiàn)自我掌控的原則就是將你的思想、情感、行由題干中的線(xiàn)索詞selfmastey，mn,emoions,actons,andelationships將本題出處定位至［I］段。該段前兩句中講到了實(shí)現(xiàn)自我掌控人生的方法和這些方法中最根本的理念：ceatnginegiyinyourmn，emotons，actons，andelationshipsinegate與原文中的inegity構(gòu)成同根詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。［E。題目意為：作者強(qiáng)調(diào)，自我意識(shí)可以改變那些可能使我們做出破壞性行為的信念。由題干中的線(xiàn)索詞self awaenesscoebesdesucves將本題出處定位至［］段。本段說(shuō)的如何改變信念。最后一句中明確改變那些潛在的驅(qū)使行破壞性行為的信念的方法就是自我認(rèn)識(shí)。本題是將原文調(diào)句型進(jìn)行了同義轉(zhuǎn)述。6.［A。題目意為：在滿(mǎn)足了基本的物質(zhì)需求之后，我們就會(huì)自然而然地追求。由題干中的線(xiàn)索詞happiness，basicphysicalneeds將本題出處定位［A］段。該段第一句就說(shuō)我們滿(mǎn)足了基本的物質(zhì)需求后，會(huì)最大限地追求。后舉出了種追求行的例子最后一將這追求行為歸結(jié)為“追求”(thepusuitofhappiness)。［G。題目意為：作者列舉吸煙者作為例子是為了說(shuō)明個(gè)人意志 alwillpower將本題出處定位至［G］［E。題目意為：無(wú)意識(shí)模式可以通過(guò)自我意識(shí)來(lái)識(shí)別，它還可以轉(zhuǎn)變成有。由題干中的線(xiàn)索詞Unconsciouspatterns，self-awareness，consciouspatterns將本題出處定位至［E］段。該段倒數(shù)第二句說(shuō)自我意識(shí)是識(shí)［H。題目意為：你可以通過(guò)自我意識(shí)來(lái)改變你的人際關(guān)系，而人際關(guān)系正是你絕大多數(shù)的來(lái)源。由題干中的線(xiàn)索詞self-awareness，relationships，emotionalpain將本將改變你在人際關(guān)系中的交流方式。第五句我們錯(cuò)誤的信念、情themostemotionalpain對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的ourfalsebeliefs,emotionalreactions,andlackofwillpower。［B。題目意為：決定我們的最重要的因素是，我們對(duì)“什由題干中的線(xiàn)索詞Themostimportantfactordeterminingour將本題出處定位至［B］段。該段第五句承上啟下，，我們習(xí)們對(duì)那些能夠讓你感到的事物的、信念和期望。也就是說(shuō)你關(guān)于的設(shè)想和信念等就是決定最重要因素?！救姆g】你嗎［A［6］一旦我們滿(mǎn)足了吃、住這樣基本的物質(zhì)需求，生活過(guò)得逸的時(shí)，我們會(huì)最大度地追求。我尋求更意的作為了會(huì)的。們追求和養(yǎng)良好人際關(guān)，因我可以與人一起驗(yàn)愛(ài)。我們經(jīng)濟(jì)獨(dú)而工作以便生活中的痛苦［6］所有這些追求的本質(zhì)就是要增加和提升生命在物質(zhì)上和精神上的愉悅感。這種本質(zhì)以概括為：追求。［B］我們?cè)谧非蟮囊矔?huì)，我們經(jīng)常會(huì)迷失方時(shí)人際關(guān)系以莫名其地變成感、不安全和悲痛欲的［10］我們已經(jīng)習(xí)慣于關(guān)注我們生活的外在物質(zhì)狀況卻忽視了定我們的最重因素你的心中滿(mǎn)了對(duì)那能夠你感到的事物的想、信和期。它們都多年來(lái)自地［10］當(dāng)你的設(shè)想沒(méi)有成真，當(dāng)你發(fā)現(xiàn)你的信念錯(cuò)誤的時(shí)候，你會(huì)產(chǎn)生失望、沮喪及其他的情緒反應(yīng)。甚至你過(guò)去一直自覺(jué)認(rèn)同的那些能夠給你帶來(lái)的信念，也可能不再真實(shí)了。［C］我們?cè)诟淖?，世界在改變，然而我們的思想?yún)s常常試圖保［1］那些陷于中年的人們，會(huì)在自己的心中一個(gè)舊夢(mèng)這個(gè)夢(mèng)是的，是他們感到年輕，或者更切地說(shuō)，一的些信念，我們困在情和不愉中而不能拔。只有除做出更好選擇的機(jī)會(huì)。［D］當(dāng)你表達(dá)愛(ài)意、贊同和尊重時(shí)，你心中會(huì)產(chǎn)生感。當(dāng)你表達(dá)判斷、恐懼、嫉妒、時(shí)，你會(huì)經(jīng)歷情緒的。所以你所的就是要控種情感的人［3］你的想法、你所做的選擇和解釋都是基于你的信念。當(dāng)你改變了你的信念，改變了你生活的情感質(zhì)量。［］你沒(méi)有的西。認(rèn)自我可以你清楚選擇是達(dá)愛(ài)還］你的無(wú)意識(shí)模式，并將它們提高到有以對(duì)它們做出改變［5］正是通過(guò)自我意識(shí)，你可以識(shí)別并改變那些潛在的驅(qū)使你進(jìn)行破壞性行為的信念，然后創(chuàng)造。［］是來(lái)自實(shí)際情況。你會(huì)對(duì)人們、人系、生意和你投資的產(chǎn)生假想［2］（信念［G］了解了“個(gè)人信念”或行為，并有了改變它的，這還［H［9］在有自我意識(shí)的生活當(dāng)中，你將改變你在人際關(guān)系中［I［4］解掌控自的念和感的表達(dá)。一看，你的信和情練習(xí)【閱讀試題】StrengthofTheeconomicempowermentofwomenthroughoutthedevelopedworldisoneofthemostremarkablerevolutionsofthepast50years.Itisremarkablebecauseoftheextentofthechange:millionsofpeoplewhowereoncedependentonmenhavetakencontroloftheirowneconomicfates.Itisremarkablealsobecauseithasproducedsolittlefriction:achangethataffectsthemostintimateaspectsofpeople’sidentitieshasbeen edbymenaswellasTherichworldhasseenagrowingdemandforwomen’slabour,andthedemandhasbeenmatchedbysupply:womenareincreasinglywillingandabletoworkoutsidethehome.Thevacuumcleanerhasyeditspart.Improvedtechnologyreducedtheamountoftimeneededforthetraditionalfemaleworkofcleaningandcooking.Theexpansionofhighereducationhasalsoboostedjobprospectsforwomen,improvingtheirvalueonthejobmarketandshiftingtheirrolemodelsfromstayathomemotherstosuccessfulprofessionalwomen.In1963,62%ofcollegeeducatedwomenintheUnitedStateswereinthelabour,comparedwith46%ofthosewithahighschooldiploma.Today80%ofAmericanwomenwithacollegeeducationareinthelabourcomparedwith67%ofthosewithahighschooldiplomaand47%ofthosewithoutone.Oneofthemostsurprisingthingsaboutthisrevolutionishowlittleovert(公開(kāi)的)celebrationithasengendered.Mostpeople ethechange.Butfewarecheering.Thisispartlybecauseyoungwomentaketheiropportunitiesforgranted.Itispartlybecauseformanywomenworkrepresentseconomicnecessityratherthanliberation.Therichworld’sgrowingarmyofsinglemothershaslittlechoicebuttowork.Agrowingproportionofmarriedwomenhavealsodiscoveredthattheonlywaytheycanpreservetheirhouseholds’livingstandardsistojointheirhusbandsinthelabormarket.InAmericafamilieswithstayathomewiveshavethesameinflationadjusted eassimilarfamiliesdidintheearly1970s.Butthebiggestreasonisthattherevolutionhasbroughtplentyofproblemsinitswake.Oneobviousproblemisthatwomen’srisingaspirationshavenotbeenfulfilled.Theyhavebeenencouragedtoclimbuptheoccupationalladderonlytodiscoverthatthemiddlerungsaredominatedbymenandtheupperrungsareoutofreach.Only2%ofthebossesofFortune500companiesandfiveofthoseintheFTSE100stockmarketindexarewomen.Womenmakeuplessthan13%ofboardmembersinAmerica.Theupperranksofmanagementconsultanciesandbanksaredominatedbymen.InAmericaandBritainthetypicalfulltimefemaleworkerearnsonlyabout80%asmuchasthetypicalThisnodoubtowessomethingtoprejudice.Butthebiggestreasonwhywomenremainfrustratedismoreprofound:manywomenaredtochoosebetweenmotherhoodandcareers.ChildlesswomenincorporateAmericaearnalmostasmuchasmen.Motherswithpartnersearnlessandsinglemothersmuchless.Thecostofmotherhoodisparticularlysteepforfasttrackwomen.Traditionally“female”jobssuchasteachingmixwellwithmotherhoodbecausewagesdonotrisewithexperienceandhoursarerelativelylight.Butatsuccessfulfirmswagesrisesteeplyandschedulesaredemanding.Futurebossesareexpectedtohaveworkedinseveraldepartmentsandcountries.Professionalservicesfirmshaveanuprootsystemwhichrewardsthemostdedicatedwithlucrative(有利可圖的)partnerships.Thereasonfor egapmaythusbetheoppositeofprejudice.ItisthatarejudgedbyexactlythesamestandardsasThisHobson’schoiceisimposingahighcostonbothindividualsandsociety.Manywomenrejectmotherhoodentirelyfortheircareer.Somechoosenottoworkatall,representingalosstocollectiveinvestmentintalent.Butachoicemustbemade.AstudyofgraduatesoftheUniversityofChicago’sBoothSchoolofBusinessbyMarianneBertrandandhercolleaguesfoundthat,10to16yearsaftergraduating,justoverhalfofthosewhohadchosentohavechildrenwereworkingfulltime.Aboutaquarterwereworkingpart-timeandjustunderaquarterhadleftthelabor.Italsoleavesmanyformerhighflyersfrustrated.Evenwell-offparentsworrythattheyspendtoolittletimewiththeirchildren,thankstocrowdedschedulesandtheeverbuzzingBlackBerry.Forpoorerparents,juggling(試圖維持平衡)thetwindemandsofworkandchildrearingcanbeanightmare.Childcareeatsaterrifyingproportionofthefamilybudget,andmanychildmindersareuntrained.quittingworktolookafterthechildrencanmeanfinancialdisaster.Britishchildrenbroughtupintwo-parentfamilieswhereonlyoneparentworksarealmostthreetimesmorelikelytobepoorthanchildrenwithtwoparentsatwork.Thecorporateworldisngevermoretoaddressthelossoffemaletalentandthedifficultyofcombiningworkwithchildcare.Manyelitecompaniesarerethinkingtheirpromotionpractices.AddleshawGoddard,alawfirm,hascreatedtheroleoflegaldirectorasanalternativetopartnershipsforwomenwhowanttocombineworkandmotherhood.Ernst&Youngandotheraccountingfirmshaveincreasedtheireffortstomaintainconnectionswithwomenwhotaketimeofftohavechildrenandtheneasethembackintowork.Homeworkingisincreasinglyfashionable.Morethan90%ofcompaniesinGermanyandSwedenallowflexibleworking.Agrowingnumberoffirmsarelearningtodividetheworkingweekinnewways—judgingstaffonannualratherthanweeklyhours,allowingthemtowork9daysafortnight,lettingthemcomeinearlyorlateandallowinghusbandsandwivestosharejobsAlmosthalfofSunMicrosystemsemployeesworkathomeorfromnearbysaliteofficesCompaniesareevenrethinkingthestructureofcareers,aspeopleliveandworklonger.Barclaysisoneofmanyfirmsthatallowfiveyearsunpaidleave.JohnLewisoffersasix-monthpaidsabbatical(休假)topeoplewhohavebeenin for25years.Companiesareallowingpeopletotheirretirement.Childbearingyearswillthusmakeupasmallerproportionofwomen’spotentialworkinglives.SpellsoutofthelaborelessamarkoffemaleFasterchangeislikelyaswomenexploittheireconomicpower.Manytalentedwomenarealreadyhop(離開(kāi))offthecorporatetreadmilltoformcompaniesthatbettermeettheirneeds.InthepastdecadethenumberofprivayownedcompaniesstartedbywomeninAmericahasincreasedtwiceasfastasthenumberownedbymen.Womenownedcompaniesemploymorepeoplethanthelargest500companiescombined.EdenMcCallumandAxiomLegalhaveappliedanetworkmodeltotheirrespectivefieldsofmanagementconsultancyandlegalservices:networkmembersworkwhenitsuitsthemandthecompaniesusetheirscaletomakesurethatshavetheirproblemsdealtwithimmediay.Thejobprospectsforwomenhavebeenraisedthankstotheprogressoftechnologyandhighereducation.Themeasuremanyelitecompaniestaketokeepfemaletalentsistoreconsidertheirpromotionpractices.OneofthemostamazingthingsabouttheeconomicempowermentofwomenacrosstherichworldisconsideredgettinglittlevisibleForthoseworkinginBarclays,theyhavethechancetotakeanunpaidleavelastingfiveyears.Theproblemwomenencouragedtopursueprofessionalgoalsfaceisthattheirdesiretoreachtheupperranksishardtomeet.Theeconomicempowermentofwomenacrosstherichworldisconsideredremarkablepartlyinthatitbringseconomicindependencetomillionsofwomen.Thebiggestobstacleformanywomentoclimbingontothetopoftheircareerladderistheirresponsibilityoflookingafterchildren.Accordingtothepassage,itisfinancialdemandthatinspireswomenwentouttowork.ManytalentedwomenstarttheirowncompaniestobettermeettheirAccordingtotheauthor,itisevenharderforthepoorparentstobalanceworkandchildrearing.【解題思路選［B。題目意為：由于技術(shù)的進(jìn)步和高等教育的發(fā)展，女性的就由題干中的線(xiàn)索詞jobpospects，technology，highereducation將本題出處定位至［B］段。該段第三句提到，不斷發(fā)展的技術(shù)減少了掃除選［G。題目意為：許多優(yōu)秀公司采取挽留才能出眾的女員工的措由題干中的線(xiàn)索詞eeopanis，kepeaeans，pooonpaces［］女性人才的流失和兼顧工作與照顧孩子的正在做比以往的選［C。題目意為：關(guān)于發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家女性經(jīng)濟(jì)賦權(quán)中最令人驚奇由題干中的線(xiàn)索詞amazingthingsgettingltlevisiblecelebation將本題出處定位至［C］段。該段首句提到有關(guān)這場(chǎng)最讓人驚奇的一件事是它幾乎未引起公開(kāi)的頌揚(yáng)。第二、三句對(duì)首句進(jìn)行了解釋和說(shuō)明：大多數(shù)人對(duì)這一持歡迎態(tài)度，但只有極少數(shù)人會(huì)為之歡呼。選［H。題目意為：巴克萊的員工有休5由題干中的線(xiàn)索詞Baclays，unpaidleave，iveyeas將本題出處定位至［H］段。該段倒數(shù)第四、五句提到許多公司重新考慮調(diào)整職業(yè)生cs選［D。題目意為：女性在追求職業(yè)目標(biāo)的道的一個(gè)問(wèn)題是，她們要做到的愿望很難實(shí)現(xiàn)。由題干中的線(xiàn)索詞problem，professionalgoals，upperranks將本題出們被鼓勵(lì)爬上職業(yè)的階梯，結(jié)果卻發(fā)現(xiàn)中層已被們占據(jù)，而高層選［A。題目意為：發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家女性的經(jīng)濟(jì)賦權(quán)被視為具有里程碑意由題干中的線(xiàn)索詞Theeconomcempowementofwomen，economcindependencetomlionsofwomen將本題出處定位至［A］段。本段使用總分的結(jié)構(gòu)，首句發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)性的經(jīng)濟(jì)賦權(quán)是過(guò)去50年中大的。中第二就說(shuō)它重大原因之是它幫數(shù)百的選［E。題目意為：女性們需要照看孩子，這是導(dǎo)致很多女性無(wú)法攀登她們事業(yè)頂峰的最大。biggestobstacle，lookingaterchiden將本題出處定位至［］段。上段女性在職業(yè)生涯中很難的事實(shí)，然挫的最大因是更次的：許多女被迫在母親和職涯者之間選擇。就是說(shuō)女性在職中無(wú)法最主要選［C。題目意為：文章，經(jīng)濟(jì)需求是女性外出工作的主要驅(qū)由題干中的線(xiàn)索詞inancialdemand［C］段。該段，許多對(duì)于這個(gè)并有表達(dá)熱的歡呼部分原在于一些年輕的女認(rèn)為這個(gè)的容原就是理所應(yīng)的；她外出選［I。題目意為：許多有才能的女性開(kāi)辦自己的公司以滿(mǎn)足自己由題干中的線(xiàn)索詞Manytalentedwomen，betermeettheirneeds將本題出處定位至［I］段。該段第二句提到許多有才能的女性離開(kāi)了原同義轉(zhuǎn)述。選［F養(yǎng)孩子這兩個(gè)需由題干中的線(xiàn)索詞poorparents，workandchildrearing將本題出處定 的。但辭掉工作去照顧孩子可能意味著財(cái)政。由此可知兼顧工作和養(yǎng)育孩子對(duì)貧窮的父母來(lái)說(shuō)更。【全文翻譯】女性的力量［A發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家女性的經(jīng)濟(jì)賦權(quán)是過(guò)去50年中最重大的之一［6］說(shuō)其重大是因?yàn)槠渥兓某潭龋簲?shù)百萬(wàn)曾經(jīng)依靠的女性已經(jīng)掌握了自己的經(jīng)濟(jì)命運(yùn)。說(shuō)其重大還因?yàn)樗鼛缀跷匆穑阂粋€(gè)影響人們最本質(zhì)方面的變化受到了和女性的普遍歡迎。［B］［1］業(yè)市場(chǎng)的價(jià)值，并將她們的角色由職轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槌晒Φ穆殬I(yè)女性1963年，62受過(guò)大學(xué)教育的女性在工作，而高中畢業(yè)的女性只有46在工作。如今80具有大學(xué)學(xué)歷的女性在工作，有高67在工作，沒(méi)有高中學(xué)歷的女性47在工作。［C［3］有關(guān)這場(chǎng)最讓人驚奇的一件事是它幾乎未引起公開(kāi)的頌揚(yáng)。大多數(shù)人接受這場(chǎng)，但為之歡呼的人沒(méi)有幾個(gè)。這部分是的家庭通脹調(diào)整后的收入相同。但最大的原因是，該之后了［D［5］勵(lì)爬上業(yè)的階，結(jié)卻發(fā)現(xiàn)層被占據(jù)，而又。500的有2時(shí)100股有5名。在所例足13%國(guó)和英國(guó)，典型的全職女性的工資全職工資的80。［E］［7］但女性仍然受挫的最大擇沒(méi)有孩的女性在公賺的幾乎和賺一樣多有伴侶親的代價(jià)高。如師等統(tǒng)的女性工能和母親們期望未的經(jīng)在幾部門(mén)家工作過(guò)專(zhuān)業(yè)的務(wù)公司與等同。資的損失。但必須要做出選擇。MarianneBertrand及其同事所作的關(guān)于芝加哥大學(xué)畢業(yè)生的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，畢業(yè)10到16年后，作和撫養(yǎng)孩子的雙重需求可能是場(chǎng)噩夢(mèng)。兒童保育要花掉極大一部分家 能意味著財(cái)政。在英國(guó)的雙親家庭中，父母僅一方工作的孩子長(zhǎng) ［G［2］企業(yè)界為了解決女性人才的流失和兼顧工作與照顧孩子的正在作出比以往的努力。許多優(yōu)秀的公司正重新考慮他們提升策略。Addleshawoddad是一家，它為那些想兼顧工作與母親的女提供法務(wù)管一職位，作伙伴關(guān)的另種選擇。rnst&Young及其他的會(huì)計(jì)加大力度維持與休產(chǎn)假女性之間的聯(lián)系，這樣她們可以輕松地重回工作崗位年工作的時(shí)間而不是每周工作的時(shí)間來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)員工，允許員工兩9天，允許員工早到或，允許夫妻同一職位。微系統(tǒng)公司幾乎一半的員工在家工作或在附近的工作。隨著人們Barclays是許多允許員工5年無(wú)薪假期的公司之一。JohnLewis公司為在公司工作25年的員工提供半年的帶薪假期。許多公司還允許［I隨著女性不斷發(fā)掘自己的經(jīng)濟(jì)力量，更快的變化也是可能的［9］在過(guò)去的10年中，女性建立私營(yíng)公司的增加速度是建立私的公司加起來(lái)雇用的人數(shù)還多。EdenMcCallumAxiomLegal公司練習(xí)【閱讀試題】BuildingsThatCanAtfirstglance,youmightnotthatthePhilipMerrillEnvironmentalCenterinAnnapolis,Md.,isasearthfriendlyasanoldwindmill.TheheadquartersoftheChesapeakeBayFoundation,itdisysmorewoodconstructionthanthetypicallargebuildingthesedays.Buttounderstandwhatthedesigners,SmithGroup,didtomakeittrulydifferent,youwouldhavetoknowthatonethirdofitsenergycomesfromgeothermalheatpumpsthatutilizetheearth’swarmthandphotovoltaicbuildingpanelsthatconvertsunlightintoelectricity.Orrainfallcollectedontheroofcanbechanneledintohugeholding reuseinirrigation.Orthatitssunscreenoverhangsaremadefromrecycledpicklebarrels.Wholetoons(一組)ofenmentlawyersfortheEnvironmentalProtectionAgencycouldnotbemoreecologicallyeffectivethanitswaterlesscompostingtoiletsbambooflooringandtimbercutfromsustainablyharvestedwood.TheMerrillCenterepitomizesthenewwaveof“greenarchitecture,”acatchalltermfordesignandconstructionpracticesthattakeintoaccountawholechecklistofenvironmentalgoals.Howabuildingissited,howwellitreusesitswastewater,howefficientlyitisheatedcooled―thoseareallquestionsgreenarchitectsexamineclosely.Toanswerthem,theyhaveaccesstoanewgenerationofsthatincludenonpollutingpaints,lowflowtoiletsandwindowsglazedtoadmitsunlightbutreduceheatradiation.TheAdamJ.LewisCenterforEnvironmentalStudiesatOberlinCollegeevenhasastate-of-the-art最先進(jìn)的)disinfectantsystemthatcleanstoiletwaterforreuse.(No,notindrinkingfountains.)Butgreendesignisnotallabouthightech.Onesimpleidea:windowsonhigh-risesthatactuallyopen.Thatfacilitatesnaturalairventilationsystems,alsoknownasbreezes.Thethingaboutbuildingsisthattheyare,parexcellence（最卓越的）,theverythingnatureisnot.Eversincepeoplemovedoutofcaves,whichwereprettymuchallnaturalifyoudidn’tcountthepaintingsonthewalls,structureshavebeentheprimemarkersofhumansettlement,aprocessthatoftencomeswithunhappyconsequencesfortheenvironment.Noonecandenythatwhenitcomestotheenvironment,buildingsarerightuptherewithauto saspolluters.Homes,schools,officetowersandshopcentersdirtytheirownlittleriversofwatereveryday.Withtheirair-conditioningandheatingsystems,theywastelargeamountsofelectricalandfossilfuelpower.Toxicingredientsleachfrombuildingmaterialsandfoultheair.Thirtyyearsago,onlyafewenvironmentallymindedarchitectscaredaboutsuchthings.“ClassicModernismdidn’teventhinkabouttheenvironment,”saysWines,founderofSITE,apioneeringgreendesignfirm.“TheModernistsworshippedindustrialismandindustrialmaterialbecausethatwasthefuture.”Thatbegantochangeinthe1970swiththatdecade’soilshocks,whichproducedashort-livedvogueforalternateheating.Thesimultaneousriseofenvironmentalismalsoinspiredwhatyoumightcallhobbitarchitecture,cottagescrownedwithlistlessgreeneryandtheoddsolarpanel.PaoloSolariasidealsettlement,Arcosanti,begantotakeshapeintheArizonadesert.Butitwasn’tuntilthe1990sthatgreenarchitecturegainedafootholdinmainstreambuilding.Thatwaspartlytheresultofagrowingrealizationthat“sustainable”buildingshavelowerlong-termheatingandcoolingcosts.Statesbeganofferingtaxincentivesforconstructionthatputlesspressureonpowergridsors.Comingofageatthesametimewasagenerationofarchitectswhowereknowledgeableaboutenvironmentallyconsciousconstructionmaterialsandtechniques.Fouryearsago,theU.S.GreenBuildingCouncil,anassociationofarchitects,buildersandothergreenspecialists,adoptedtheLeadershipinEnergyandEnvironmentalDesign(LEED）certificationsystem,whichsetsoutstandardsthatabuildingmustmeettoqualifyasenvironmentallyfriendly.Thecouncilestimatesthattodayatleast3%ofnewbuildingstartseachyearhavesomeEarthfriendlyfeatures.“Thegrowthofgreenbuildingisdrivenpartlybyenergyefficiencyandothercostsavings,”sayscouncilandCEOChristineErvin,“butalsobytheneedofbusinessestoattractthebestemployees.Thesebuildingscanmakeveryattractiveworkces.”Someofthemostprominentnamesinarchitecturehaveturnedgreen,atleastforselectedprojects.Thethree-sidedCommerzbankheadquartersinFrankfurt,Germany,isamajorworkbyarenownedBritisharchitect,SirNormanFoster.At53stories,itwasuntilrecentlythetallestbuildinginEurope.Itisalsooneoftheleafiest.Allarounditstriangularinterioratrium(中庭aregardensinthesky,setatdifferentelevations,sothatnoworkerismorethanafewfloorsawayfromasizablepatchof“Buildingallowsustoexplorenatureinadifferentway,”saysJeremyEdmiston,ofSystemArchitects,whoisconductingresearchongreendesignprinciplesfortheLindberghFoundation.“We’relookingatwaystoputparksintohigh-risebuildings.”［GNaturalaircirculationisapreoccupationofgreenarchitecture.thewidespreadadoptionofairconditioningafterWorldWarⅡthetypicalofficebuildingwasconstructedtobemoreairtightthanamummy’stomb.Nowdesignersarerediscoveringprinciplesofventilationandaircirculationfamiliartobuildersofthe19thcentury.TheRockyMountainInstitutetookpartinanenvironmentalupgradeoftheWhiteHouseandthevintage(古老的)ExecutiveOfficeBuildingnineyearsago.“Wediscoveredthattheoldofficebuildingwasalreadydesignedwithanaturalventilationsystem―afairlybrilliantone,”saysWilliamBrowning,theinstitute’sseniorconsultantfordevelopment.Partsofthatsystem,whichoncelinkedchimneysandotherairpassages,arenowbackinoperation.［H］Noteverythinggreenisrosy.Toprovidesunlightthatreducesrelianceonelectricallighting,environmentallyconsciousdesignerstendtofavoropennworkcesoverofficeswithdoorsthatclose.Thatcanbegoodfornature,lessgoodforquietandprivacy.Andbigsuburbanresidentialdevelopersarenotpilinginyet.Reducedlong-termenergycosts,forinstance,arenotanimportantincentivetobuilderswhontoselloffthehomestheybuildrightaway.［I］Somegreenarchitectureislillygreen.Dwellingsthatnestledirectlyintothelandscapelikecaves,withcarpetsofearthandgrassrollingoverthemasroofing,wereamongthefirstandmostexamplesofgreenarchitectureinthe1970s.Buildingslikethosetaketheirinspirationfromsuchtime-honoredexamplesasBronzeAgesettlementsthatweredugintotheearth.Buttheyoperateonprinciplesthatcanbeadaptedtomodernmidtownhigh-rises.Forthepastyear,Chicago’sCityHall,a1911ClassicalRevivalbuilding,hasbeentoppedbya“greenroof”―a20,000sq.ft.gardenthatwasntedasclimatecontrolmechanism.Builtfromablendofcompost,mulchspongelikematerialsthatholdwatermoreeffectivelythanregularsoil,thelowmaintenancegardenof20,000ntingsisintendedtoreduceCityHall’sairconditioningandheatingcostsbyasmuchas$6,000eachInsummerthegardenhelpskeepthebuildingcoolshieldingitunderalayerofmoistmaterial.Inwinteritinsulatesagainstcold.Inbothseasons,itreducesthestormwaterrunofftha