2022-2023年安徽省蚌埠市大學(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級測試卷(含答案)

2022-2023年安徽省蚌埠市大學(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級測試卷(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

OneoftheeducationalactivitiesinEastHarlemHealthyHeartProgramis______.

2.Thedisadvantageoftoday'ssocialnetworksisthattotheoutsideweb,theyarenot______.

3.TheHydrogenEconomy

Itseemsthateverydaythereisanewannouncementinthenewsaboutautomobilespoweredbyfuelcells.Thepromisesaregreat,sincefuelcellshavethepotentialtoveryquicklydoubletheefficiencyofcarswhilesignificantlyreducingairpollution.

Atthesametime,therehavebeennewsstoriesfordecadesabouttheproblemsassociatedwithpetroleum.Everythingfromoilspillstoozone(臭氧)alertstoglobalwarminggetsblamedonourdependenceonfossilfuels.

Thesetwoforcesareleadingthewormtowardwhatisbroadlyknownasthehydrogeneconomy.Ifthepredictionsaretrue,overthenextseveraldecadeswewillallbegintoseeanamazingshiftawayfromthefossilfueleconomywehavetodaytowardamuchcleanerhydrogenfuture.

ProblemswiththeFossilFuelEconomy

Whilefossilfuelshaveplayedanimportantroleingettingsocietytothepointitisattoday,therearefourbigproblemsthatfossilfuelscreate.

Airpollution—Whencarsburngasoline,theinternalcombustionenginealsoproducescarbonmonoxide,apoisonousgasNitrogenoxides(氮氧化物),themainsourceofurbansmogunburnedhydrocarbons,themainsourceofurbanozone.

Environmentalpollution—Theprocessoftransportingandstoringoilhasabigimpactontheenvironmentwheneversomethinggoeswrong.Anoilspill,pipelineexplosionorwellfirecancreateahugemess.

Globalwarming—Thecarbondioxidecomingoutofeverycar'stailpipeisagreenhousegasthatisslowlyraisingthetemperatureoftheplanet.Theultimateeffectsareunknown,butitisastrongpossibilitythat,eventually,therewillbedramaticclimatechangesthataffecteveryoneontheplanet.

Dependence—TheUnitedStates,andmostothercountries,cannotproduceenoughoiltomeet

demand,sotheyimportitfromoil-richcountries.Thatcreatesaneconomicdependence.WhenMiddleEastoilproducersdecidetoraisethepriceofoil,therestoftheworldhaslittlechoicebuttopaythehigherprice.

AdvantagesoftheHydrogenEconomy

Thehydrogeneconomypromisestoeliminatealloftheproblemsthatthefossilfueleconomycreates.Therefore,theadvantagesofthehydrogeneconomyinclude.

Theeliminationofpollutioncausedbyfossilfuels—Whenhydrogenisusedinafuelcelltocreatepower,itisacompletelycleantechnology.Theonlybyproductiswater.Therearealsonoenvironmentaldangerslikeoilspillstoworryaboutwithhydrogen.

TheeliminationofgreenhousegasesIfthehydrogencomesfromtheelectrolysisofwater,thenhydrogenaddsnogreenhousegasestotheenvironment.Thereisaperfectcycle-electrolysisproduceshydrogenfromwater,andthehydrogenrecombineswithoxygentocreatewaterandpowerinafuelcell.

Theeliminationofeconomicdependence—TheeliminationofoilmeansnodependenceontheMiddleEastanditsoilreserves.

Distributedproduction--Hydrogencanbeproducedanywherethatyouhaveelectricityandwater.Peoplecaneven,produceitintheirhomeswithrelativelysimpletechnology.

Theproblemswiththefossilfueleconomyaresogreat,andtheenvironmentaladvantagesofthehydrogeneconomyaresosignificant,thatthepushtowardthehydrogeneconomyisverystrong.

TechnologicalHurdles(障礙)

Thebigquestionwiththehydrogeneconomyis,"Wheredoesthehydrogencomefrom?"Afterthatcomesthequestionoftransporting,distributingandstoringhydrogen.Hydrogentendstobelargeandtrickyinitsnaturalgaseousform.

Oncebothofthesequestionsareansweredinaneconomicalway,thehydrogeneconomywillbeinplace.

Wheredoesthehydrogencomefrom?Therearetwopossiblesourcesforthehydrogen:electrolysis(電解)ofwater—Usinge

A.YB.NC.NG

4.

Itisrecommendedthattheexercisershouldpickupanactivityhe/shelikessothathe/shemay______.

5.

Evenifyouhaveelectricityandwater,youstillcannotproducehydrogeneverywhere.

A.YB.NC.NG

6.

Watertablesarefallingbecauseof______inmanypartsoftheworld.

7.

Theargumentfordesigninglanguagesforbadprogrammersisthat______.

8.Caregiversofdisabledfamilymembersarereportedtoundergoamortalityrateof______.

9.

Whenyouarefacedwithfears,youusuallyfindthesituationis______.

10.HowmuchcornplantedintheU.S.lastyearwasgeneticallymodified?

A.Morethanhalf.

B.65millionacres.

C.Onethird.

D.Threequarters.

11.Anincreasingpercentageoftheoldpopulationmaypartlyincrease______.

12.

MalcolmByrd'swifesaidthat______maybringherhusbandsafetyfornow.

13.

Manufacturershavedeveloped______tocorrecterrorslikereceivingsignalofthesamefrequencyfromastrangedevice.

14.

ThecombinationofFord,GMandDaimlerChrysleraimstocompresswastefrom______.

A.health-caresystem

B.managementsystem

C.thehugeprocurementsystem

D.suppliers'products

15.

Whyisitimportanttohavebreakfast?

16.

Tobuildyouraudience,you'dbettercatchtheopportunitiestobeacquaintedwithpeopleandtrytocatchtheirattentiononyou.

A.YB.NC.NG

17.

Globalismismerelythesociologyofinternationalrelations.

A.YB.NC.NG

18.

MonsieurLabelandhiswifesendtheirchildrentolearnChinesebecausetheyhopethattheirchildrencanlearnasmanyforeignlanguagesaspossible.

A.YB.NC.NG

19.

Themanagementofficial______theblue-collarrobotsthattheunionsrevoltedagainst.

A.willwelcomeB.won'twelcomeC.supportedD.opposed

20.Antipollutionlegislationshavebeenenactedthankstothecontinuedpressurefrom______.

A.grass-rootsorganizations

B.individualactivism

C.environmentalists

D.environmentalregulation

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.(29)

A.Ittellsustherichmanisverygreedy.

B.Ittellsusthefarmerisverystingy.

C.Ittellsuspeopleshouldbeencouragedtobereadytohelpsomebodywithoutrepayment.

D.Ittellsuspeopleshouldrepaythosewhodosomethinghelpful.

22.(32)

A.Theycoulddrivetheinsectsaway.

B.Theycouldkeeptheplantswell-watered.

C.Theycouldmaketheplantsgrowfaster.

D.Theycouldbuilddevicestotrapinsects.

23.(28)

A.Themanenjoyedthebeautyoftheeveningskyfromhisplane.

B.Themanhadatimebombbiddeninhissuitcase.

C.Thetickingnoiseofthealarmclockcausedhimalittletrouble.

D.Theairlineofficialandthepoliceofficerplayedajokeonhim.

24.聽力原文：Asmoreandmorepeoplelosetheirjobs,nowitisperhapsthetimetoconsidertheexperienceofunemployment.Whatarethefirstfeelings?Well,losingajob,ornotbeingabletofindone,almostalwaysbringsunwelcomechanges.(29)Ifyou'velostajob,thefirstfeelingisoftenoneofshock.Aswellasthelossofincome,manypeoplefindthewholeroutineoftheirlifeisshattered.theircontactwithotherpeoplereduced,theirambitionshaltedandtheiridentityasaworkerremoved.

Atfirsttheremaybegoodfeelingstoo.Anewandbetterjobisjustaroundthecorner.It'snicetobeabletolieinbedinthemorningorspendmoretimewiththechildren;havemoretimetothink.But,unlessabetterjobdoesturnup,thechancesarethedaysstartgettinglonger.andtimebecomeshardertofill.(31)Manypeoplepassthroughperiodsofdifficultyinsleepingandeating.Theyfeelirritableanddepressed,oftenisolatedandlonely.

Despitealltheseproblemsthough,unemploymentcanbeachanceforafreshstart.Youcandiscoverthat(30)itprovidesanopportunitytosortoutorrethinkwhatyouwantfromlifeandhowbestyoucangetit.(31)Youcanusethetimetoplanhowtofieldanewjob,learnanewskill,developyourhobbiesorseeifyoucanrunyourownbusiness.

(30)

A.Theyfeelirritable.

B.Theyfeeldepressed.

C.Theyfeelshocked.

D.Theyfeelisolated.

25.

【B8】

26.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

聽力原文：M:Youmightfindworkatthedepartmentstore.Theyalwaysneedextrahelpovertheholidays.

W:Doyoureallythinkso?Ihavetofindsomethingsoon.Unemploymentmakesmefeelhorrible.

Q:Whatisthewomantryingtodo?

(12)

A.Buyagift.

B.Getajob.

C.Findsomethingshelost.

D.Returnsomethingshebought.

27.聽力原文：W:ThisisEnglishLanguageCentre.HowcanIhelpyou?

M:Yes.I’mcallingtofindoutmoreinformationaboutyourprogram.Forexample,whatkindofcoursedoyouoffer?

W:Well,firstofall,thepurposeofourprogramisto(19)providelanguagelearningopportunitiestothisarea'scommunity,whetherastudent'sgoalistomasterbasicfunctionallanguageskills,let'ssay,forhisorherjob,ortostudyintensivelytoenteraUScollegeoruniversity.

M:Okay.I'mcallingforafriendwhoisinterestedinattendingaUSuniversity.Myfriendisconsideringaboutfurthereducation.

W:Andthat'sthekindof,uh,instructionthatweprovide,frombasiccommunicationcoursetocontent-basedclassessuchas(20)computerliteracy,interculturalcommunication,andbusinessEnglish.

M:Thatsoundsgreat.Whatareyourapplicationdeadlinesforthenextsemester?

W:Well,(21)weaskapplicantstoapplynolaterthantwomonthsbeforethesemesterbegins.

M:Alright.Whatisthetuitionforafull-timestudent?

W:Letmesee.It'stwothousandthirtydollarsforafull-timestudent.

M:Andhowdoesoneapply?Isitcomplicated?

W:Well,wecansendyouanapplicationandyoucanmailitbacktous,oryoucanfilloutourapplicationthat'sonourWebsite.

M:Great.Thankyouforhelp.Iappreciatethat.

W:Youarewelcome.Youcancallatanytimeifyouhaveanyotherquestions.Goodbye.

(20)

A.Toprovidelanguagelearningopportunities.

B.Toteachstudentshowtobeexpertincomputer.

C.Toprovideworkopportunitiesforgraduatingstudentsinthecommunity.

D.Tohelpstudentspassmathexam.

28.(42)

29.(41)

30.聽力原文：M:Thelightinthisdininghallisalittletoobright,don'tyouthink?

W:Isayit'sperfectforafootballstadium.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(13)

A.Sheprefersthestadium.

B.Sheagreeswiththeman.

C.Thelightisn'tbrightenough.

D.Thedininghallisn'tlargeenough.

31.(25)

A.Heshouldconsumelesssalt.

B.Heshouldeatlessfattyfood.

C.Heshouldaddmoreproteinproductstohisdiet.

D.Heshouldtakeinmorestaplefood.

32.(39)

33.

【B11】

34.(26)

A.Shewouldliketomarkpapers,too.

B.Shewantstoaskforalighterload.

C.Shewantsthemantotalktotheworkaholicprofessor.

D.Shewantstoquitschoolandwork.

35.聽力原文：W:Nobodycandepriveotherpeople'srightofbreathingfreshair.Thisroomisfilledwithtooheavysmoke.

M:Ican'tagreemore.Smokingshouldbeprohibitedinpublicplaceslikethiscinema.

Q:Whatcanweinferfromtheconversation?

(17)

A.Bothofthemarebotheredwiththesmokeinthecinema.

B.Themandoesn'tagreetothewoman'sopinion.

C.Theroomissmokybecauseit'sonfire.

D.Themanisn'tpermittedtosmokeintheroom.

36.

【B2】

37.(35)

A.TootherEuropeancountries.

B.Totheremoteareasandsuburbs.

C.Tothenaturalparksforbirds.

D.Backtotheirnests.

38.(22)

A.Becausetheycan'taffordtopayforhimtoliveinLondon.

B.BecausetheythinkNeilshouldgetauniversitydegreefirstofall.

C.BecausetheythinkNeiliswastinghistalentandenergysinginginthepopworld.

D.BecausetheybelieveNeilwillnevermakeitinthepopworld.

39.(19)

A.Heisannoyedbutunderstands.

B.Heisnothappy.

C.HeknowsMarymustdrivealongway.

D.Heisafraidofthewomanheisspeakingto.

40.(40)

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Researchersannouncethatthey'vebuilttheworld'sfirstinvisibilitycloak.Thedeviceworksonlyintwodimensionsandonlyonmicrowaves.

"Theconceptthatyoucancloaksomethingandmakesomethinginvisiblecannowbedemonstrated,"saidDukeUniversityphysicistDavidR.Smith."Thisisthefirsttimewhereweshowthatyoucanactuallytakeelectromagneticwavesandwrapthemaroundsomeregionthatyouwanttoconcealandrestorethemontheotherside."

Anuncloakedobjectwouldcauseaninterruptioninthewaves,creatinga"shadow"behindtheobject.Butthecloaksucceededinmakingthewavesreconnectontheotherside.

Theelectromagneticsleight-of-hand(巧妙的手法)isenabledbynovel,human-madesubstancescalledmetamaterials."Usingthesematerials,youcancreateafield-regioninspacewherenoelectromagneticphenomenapenetrate,"saidteammemberSirJohnPendry,aphysicistatEngland'sImperialCollegeLondon.

Researcherssaythenewtechnologycouldaidantennaandradardesigns—nottomentionobviousmilitaryapplications,likehidingspyplanesorevenbuildings.Butscientistshavealongwaytogo.Thenew,experimentalcloakmeasuresjust5inches(13centimeters)wideand0.4inch(1centimeter)tall.Tomakeitwork,researcherspainstakinglytunedthedesignofthecloak'smetamaterialpartssothatincomingmicrowavesslippedarounditsinnersurface.

Schurigandhiscolleaguessaytheircloakcreatedaspacenearly,butnotcompletely,invisibletomicrowaves.Thedevicestillgeneratesaminutereflectionandshadow.

Expertssaythebreakthroughwillcertainlyconjure(使出現(xiàn))excitement."Cloakinghasbeenalong-timedreamformanyscientists,"saidXiangZhang,ametamaterialsengineerandphysicistattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,whowasnotinvolvedintheresearch."Ifwelookattheseexperiments,ofcourse,itdoesn'tgiveyouthree-dimensional,arbitraryshapecloaking,"butthenewcloakingdeviceissignificantnonetheless,hesaid.

Theteamsaystheirnextgoalistobuildasphericalinvisibilitycloakthatshieldsmicrowavesinthreedimensions,atasktheydescribeasvastlymoredifficult.Buttheyareconfidentitcanbedone.

Whilethegeneraldesigntheoryhasbeenworkedout,metamaterialfabricationtechnologyhasyettocatchup.Researchersarestillpuzzlingover,amongotherthings,howtomakemetamaterialsthatworkforlightinthevisiblespectrum,whichhassmallerwavelengthsthanmicrowaves.

Indeed,itmaybeimpossibletobuildacloakthatcanblockallthecolorsfoundinthevisiblespectrum,theteamsays."Alltechnologieshaveproblems,exceptwhenthey'remagic,"DukeUniversity'sSmithsaid.

Theinvisibilitycloakcanmakesomethinginvisiblebywrapping______.

42.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasaneffectofthedowrysystem?

A.Thehusbandhadtosharethepowerofdecisioninmarriage.

B.Thewifewasprotectedfromdesertion.

C.Thewifegainedapowerfuleconomicposition.

D.Thehusbandwasgivencontroloverhiswife'sproperty.

43.

Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

A.AnEconomicMisfortune

B.TheHarmofJoblessness

C.AnScientificResearch

D.HowtoTreatTheUnemployed

44.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

The"standardofliving"ofanycountrymeanstheaverageperson'sshareofthegoodsandserviceswhichthecountryproduces.Acountry'sstandardofliving,therefore,dependsfirstandforemostonitscapacitytoproducewealth."Wealth"inthissenseisnotmoney,forwedonotliveonmoneybutonthingsthatmoneycanbuy:"goods"suchasfoodandclothing,and"services"suchastransportandentertainment.

Acountry'scapacitytoproducewealthdependsuponmanyfactors,mostofwhichhaveaneffectononeanother.Wealthdependstoagreatextentuponacountry'snaturalresources,suchascoal,go]d,andotherminerals,watersupplyandsoon.TheUSisoneofthewealthiestregionsoftheworldbecauseshehadvastnaturalresourceswithinherborders,hersoilisfertile,andherclimateisvaried.TheSaharaDesert,ontheotherhand,isoneoftheleastwealthy.

Nexttonaturalresourcescomestheabilitytoturnthemtouse.Somecountriesareperhapswelloffinnaturalresources,butsufferedformanyyearsfromcivilandexternalwars,andforthisandotherreasonshavebeenunabletodeveloptheirresources.Soundandstablepoliticalconditions,andfreedomfromforeigninvasion,enableacountrytodevelopitsnaturalresourcespeacefullyandsteadily,andtoproducemorewealththananothercountryequallywellservedbynaturebutlesswellordered.Anotherimportantfactoristhetechnicalefficiencyofacountry'speople.Industrializedcountriesthathavetrainednumerousskilledworkersandtechniciansarebetterplacedtoproducewealththancountrieswhoseworkersarelargelyunskilled.

Acountry'sstandardoflivingdoesnotonlydependuponthewealththatisproducedandconsumedwithinitsownborders,butalsouponwhatisindirectlyproducedthroughinternationaltrade.Forexample,Britain'swealthinfoodstuffsandotheragriculturalproductswouldbemuchlessifshehadtodependonlyonthosegrownathome.Trademakesitpossibleforhersurplusmanufacturedgoodstobetradedabroadfortheagriculturalproductsthatwouldotherwisebelacking.Acountry'swealthis,therefore,muchinfluencedbyitsmanufacturingcapacity,providedthatothercountriescanbefoundreadytoacceptitsmanufactures.

Thestandardoflivinginacountryisdeterminedby______.

A.itsgoodsandservice

B.thetypeofwealthproduced

C.howwellitcancreatewealth

D.whatanordinarypersoncanshare

45.

It'seasiertokeepbusythantoslowdownbecause______.

46.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

TheOlympicGamesoriginatedin776B.C.inOlympia,asmalltowninGreece.ParticipantsinthefirstOlympiadaresaidtohaveruna200-yardrace,butastheGameswereheldeveryfouryears,theyexpandedinscope.OnlyGreekamateurswereallowedtoparticipateinthisfestivalinhonorofthegodZeus.Theeventbecameareligious,patriotic,andathleticoccasionwherewinnerswerehonoredwithwreathsandspecialprivileges.TherewasaprofoundchangeinthenatureoftheGamesundertheRomanemperors.Theywerebannedin394A.D.byEmperorTheodosius,aftertheybecameprofessionalcircusesandcarnivals.

ThemodernOlympicGamesbeganinAthensin1896asaresultoftheinitiativeofBaronPierredeCoubertin,aFrencheducatorwhosedesirewastopromoteinternationalunderstandingthroughathletics.NinenationsparticipatedinthefirstGames;over100nationscurrentlycompete.

Thetaintofpoliticsandracialcontroversy,however,hasimpingedupontheOlympicGamesinourepoch.In1936Hitler,whosecountryhostedtheGames,affrontedJesseOwens,ablackAmericanrunner,byrefusingtocongratulateOwensforthefeatofhavingwonfourgoldmedals.Inthe1972MunichGames,theworldwasappalledbythedeplorablemurderofelevenIsraeliathletesbyArabterrorists.ThenextOlympicGamesinMontrealwereboycottedbyAfricannations.In1980,followingtheSovietinvasionofAfghanistan,sixty-twonationscausedgreatdismaytotheirathletesbyrefusingtoparticipateintheGames.TheconsensusamongthosenationswasthattheirrefusalwouldadmonishtheSoviet.

Accordingtothepassage,thefirstOlympicGameswereheldas______.

47.

Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattypicalcourtcasesare______.

A.alwaysappealed

B.usuallysolvedinthedistrictcourts

C.alwaysoverlapping

D.usuallysettledbytheSupremeCourt

48.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

TheChineseof3500yearsagobelievedthattheearthwasachariot,andthesky,acurvedcanopystretchedaboveit.Thecanopywasninelayersthick,anditslopedslightlytothenorthwest,asacataclysmhadbrokenoneofitssupportingcolumns.Thisgentleslopeexplainedthemovementofthestarsfromeasttowest.

AccordingtotheseancientChinesebeliefs,thesunspentthenightonearthandascendedtotheskyeachmorningfromtheluminousvalleyoftheeastbyclimbingthebranchesofanimmenselytallsacredtree.TotheChinesepeople,thesunwastheincarnationofgoodness,beauty,andtruth.Inpopularimagination,thesunwasrepresentedasacockthatlittlebylittleassumedhumanform.Hisbattleswiththedragons,whichwaspersonifiedevilintheirbeliefs,accountedforthemomentarydisappearancesofthesunthatmennowcalleclipses.ManyoftheChinesepeopleworshipedthesun,butinthevastandcomplicatedorganizationoftheChinesegods,thesunwasofonlysecondaryimportance.

Alongwiththeseunsophisticatedbeliefsaboutthesun,theChineseevolvedascienceofastronomybaseduponobservation,thoughessentiallyreligious-whichenabledthemtopredicteclipsesofthesunandthemovementsofthestars.Suchpredictionswerebasedoncalculationsmadebyusingagnomon—anobjectwhoseshadowcouldbeusedasameasure,aswithasundial(日晷儀)orsimplershadowpointers.Moreover,withthenakedeye,theChineseobservedsunspots,aphenomenonnotthenknowntotheircontemporaries.

TheancientChinesebelievedthattheearth______.

A.wasachariot

B.slopedtothenorthwest

C.wassupportedbycolumns

D.hadninelayers

49.

Thisarticleconcludesthat______contributetotheremarkablelonglifeofthesepeoples.

A.moderatediets

B.cleanmountainair

C.dailyhardwork

D.alltheabovefactors

50.

ThedescriptionofMr.RustamMamedovis______.

A.anexampleofatypicallonglifeamongthesepeople

B.anexampleofanunusuallonglifeamongthesepeople

C.anexplanationofwhyheisstillhealthy

D.anexplanationofwhatwayoflifeweshouldtake

51.

Sincemanyoftheolder,bigger-tuskedanimalshavealreadybeendestroyed,whatdidthepoachersdo?

A.Theygaveuppoaching.

B.Theykilledmoreelephantstogetthesamequantityofivory.

C.Tothem,gameisover.

D.Theyrealizeditwasillegaltoslaughterelephants.

52.TheauthormentionsELNinoprimarilyinordertoemphasize______.

A.thebriefdurationofweatherpattern

B.thevariabilityofthemesoscalephenomena

C.thedifficultyofmeasuringtheocean'slarge-scalecurrents

D.thepossibleimpactofmesoscalefieldsonweatherconditions

53.

Asportsviolence"apologist"probablythinksthat______.

A.violenceinsportsisarareoccurrence

B.violenceinsportsisnotnecessary

C.athletesarepaidenoughfortheirinjuries

D.professionalathletesenjoyviolence

54.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

AllR&Dexecutiveshavetwomajorresponsibilities:(1)theymustensurethatthecompanyissuppliedwithtechnicallysuccessfulprojects,and(2)theymustselectthemostpromisingschemesandideasfortheexpenditureofR&Dresources.Thisworkiscomplicatedbynumerousuncertainties,inasmuchascommercialresearchanddevelopmentmustbebasedonmarketforecasts.

IfR&Dmanagementcanprovidearegularflowofnewandupdatedproducts,thecompanywillbenefitinanumberofways.Firstofall,itwillbeabletomakefulluseofexpensivedepartmentalresources,developmentengineeringandavailablemarketingcapacity.Inadditiontothat,aflowofnewmarketwinnerswillprovidethebusinesswithsteadygrowthincomeandprofits.Thiscanalsobeimportantpsychologically,foritisoftenonthisbasisthatthoseoutsidethecompanyassessthequalityofitsmanagement.

TheR&Ddepartment'sjobismademoredifficultbecauseofthelengthoftimerequiredtocompleteitsresearch.Inthechemicalandpharmaceutical(制藥的)industries,forexample,itmaytakefivetotenyearsbeforeaproductisatechnicalsuccessandafurthersixtoeightyearsbeforeitreachesfullcommercialpotential.

Toachieveresults,R&Dmustdefineboththeareasthatshouldbeinvestigatedandtheobjectivesthatshouldbeachievedineacharea.Forthisreason,theR&Ddepartmentmusttakeaninterestinallaspectsofdesign,application,efficiency,anduseofappropriatematerials.Thereisadifference,however,betweenthedevelopmentofnewconsumerproductsandthedevelopmentofnewindustrialones.Inconsumermarkets,thesearchforanewproductoftenbeginsafterastatementofaspecificneed,anddevelopmentistailoredtomeetit.Inmanyindustrialmarkets,productdevelopmentistheresultofworkdownintheresearchlaboratory.Thisworkisoftenaimedatageneralneed,suchasanewkindofmedicineorhigheroperatingspeedsformachines.Whenthenewindustrialprojecthasbeendeveloped,itsperformancecanbeanalyzedintermsofcustomerneeds.

Inordertodevelophiscompany,theR&.Dmanagershouldhaveasenseof______.

A.psychologicalcommunication

B.marketprediction

C.managementdistribution

D.departmentalresourcesdevelopment

55.Accordingtothispassage,aSoulCatcherwillbe______.

A.anewinventioninordertocaptureandpreservehumanthoughts

B.madebyBritishscientiststoofferasemblanceofimmortality

C.madeofsiliconcircuitswhichcanindexpeople'snervousactivity

D.anewmachineonwhichradicalresearchmeasureshavealreadymade

56.

Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatinsectsdonothave______.

A.brainsB.backbonesC.nervecellsD.reflexes

57.

Theorganizationofthelastparagraphcanbebestdescribedas______.

A.followingthetimeorder

B.fromspecifictogeneral

C.causeandef