英語后置定語的詳細(xì)用法課件

英語定語后置的詳細(xì)用法?

后置定語：?

放在被修飾詞后面?

用來修飾這個(gè)名詞或代詞的。?

The

student

who

answered

the

question

was

John.?

The

weather

in

Beijing

is

colder

than

that

inGuangzhou.?

He

looked

at

the

street

full

of

cars.?

They

built

a

highway

leading

into

the

mountains.?

What’s

the

language

spoken

in

that

area??

He

had

no

chance

to

go

school

in

those

years.?

The

girl

asleep

soundly

is

my

younger

sister.?

The

weather

here

is

very

nice.?

The

experience

gained

will

be

of

great

value

to

us.?

總結(jié)后置定語的用法？哪類句子，短語，詞可以做后置定語？后置定語可以分為三大類：1.定語從句不定式短語非謂語動(dòng)詞短語現(xiàn)在分詞短語過去分詞短語2.

短語：形容詞短語介詞短語某些形容詞3.單個(gè)詞

副詞某些過去分詞一.定語從句做后置定語用法：1.構(gòu)成：先行詞+關(guān)系代/副詞+從句2.

引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞包括關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系代詞：that,

which,

whose,

who,

whom,

as；關(guān)系副詞：when,

where,

why。Translate

this

sentence

into

Chinese:The

student

who

answered

the

question

wasJohn.The

boy

(whom)

you

are

talking

to

is

my

brother.People

who

take

physical

exercise

live

longer.I

still

remember

the

day

when

/on

which

mybrother

joined

the

army.I

still

remember

the

days

which/that

we

spenttogether.I‘d

like

a

room

whose

window

looks

out

over

thesea.He

changed

his

mind,

which

made

me

veryangry.二.短語做后置定語?

1、介詞短語?

2、形容詞短語?

3

、現(xiàn)在分詞短語?

4、過去分詞短語?

5、動(dòng)詞不定式非謂語動(dòng)詞?

6、有些形容詞常與某些介詞短語搭配1、介詞短語做后置定語介詞短語做后置修飾語,在意義上表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、范圍、類別、來源、等語義關(guān)系。例如：The

weather

in

Beijing

is

colder

than

that

inGuangzhou.（地點(diǎn)）北京的天氣比廣州冷。People

in

the

world

play

basketball.（范圍）世界上的人們都打籃球。His

love

for

his

country

is

very

great.（范圍）他很熱愛自己的國(guó)家。The

city

of

New

York

is

very

large.（范圍）紐約城很大。2.形容詞短語做修飾語時(shí)，往往后置。例如：He

looked

at

the

street

full

of

cars.他看著車輛擁擠的街道Italian

is

a

Language

very

difficult

tolearn.意大利語是一門非常難學(xué)的語言。She

has

a

garden

much

larger

thanyours

.她的花園比你的花園大得多。3、現(xiàn)在分詞短語做后置定語現(xiàn)在分詞短語做定語時(shí)，一定放在被修飾成分的后面。例如：They

built

a

highway

leading

into

the

mountains.他們修建了一條通往山里的公路。We

met

a

group

of

pupils

returning

from

school.我們碰到了一群從學(xué)?；貋淼暮⒆?。?

現(xiàn)在分詞短語做后置定語，在意義上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。（常表進(jìn)行、主動(dòng)關(guān)系）?

但在轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)，要注意動(dòng)詞的主語和時(shí)態(tài)。?

They

built

a

highway

leading

into

the

mountains.?

We

met

a

group

of

pupils

returning

from

school.?

例如上述兩句可轉(zhuǎn)化為:?

They

built

a

highway

which

led

into

the?

mountains.?

We

met

a

group

of

pupils

who

returned?

from

school.4、過去分詞短語做后置定語表示被動(dòng)意義、完成意義或狀態(tài)意義。例如：What’s

the

language

spoken

in

that

area?那個(gè)地區(qū)講什么語言？Is

there

anything

planned

for

tonight?今晚有什么活動(dòng)嗎？5、動(dòng)詞不定式做后置定語：與被修飾成分之間表示不同的語義關(guān)系：（1）表示動(dòng)賓關(guān)系（2）表示主謂關(guān)系（3）表示修飾關(guān)系（4）

表示同位關(guān)系?

（1）表示動(dòng)賓關(guān)系?

例如：動(dòng)賓?

I

have

a

lot

of

work

to

do

today.?

我今天有很多活要干?

He

had

a

big

family

to

support.?

他有一個(gè)大家庭需要他來養(yǎng)活。（2）表示主謂關(guān)系被修飾的名詞表示邏輯主語修飾它的動(dòng)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)表示邏輯謂語。例如：He’s

always

the

first

to

come.他總是第一個(gè)來。Among

the

men

to

take

part

in

the

work,

he

isprobably

the

most

active.在要參加這項(xiàng)工作的人中，他恐怕是最積極的。主謂?

（3）表示修飾關(guān)系動(dòng)詞不定式對(duì)其修飾的成分起一種描繪闡述作用。?

例如：It’s

already

time

to

start

planting

trees.?

已經(jīng)到了植樹的季節(jié)。?He

had

no

chance

to

go

school

in

those

years.?

那時(shí)候，他沒有機(jī)會(huì)上學(xué)。（4）

表示同位關(guān)系不定式和被修飾的名詞處于平行關(guān)系只對(duì)其起一種解說作用。例如：Soon

came

the

order

to

start

the

general

attack.很快下達(dá)了發(fā)起總攻的命令。We

got

no

instructions

to

leave

the

city.我們沒有接到離開這座城市的指示。?

注意：?

動(dòng)詞不定式有時(shí)可以代替一個(gè)定語從句做后置定語。?

（一般指將來的，還未做的事情）?

例如?

(1)Perhaps

in

the

years

to

come(=that

will

come)we

will

meet

again.（同：U4課文最后一句）?

也許在未來的歲月中我們還會(huì)再見面。?

(2)She

made

a

list

of

things

to

be

taken(=?)

on

the

way.which/that

will

be

taken?

她開了一張要帶在路上用的物品清單。6、有些形容詞常與某些介詞短語搭配，作后置定語The

leaders

present

at

the

meetingtotaled

eight．出席會(huì)議的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)共有八人。This

is

a

subject

worthy

of

carefulstudy

．這是一個(gè)值得仔細(xì)研究的問題三.單個(gè)詞做后置定語?

（一）某些形容詞?

（二）副詞?

（三）某些過去分詞（一）形容詞做后置定語?

1.以a為詞首的形容詞?

2.以后綴-able

和-ible

結(jié)尾的形容詞?

3.形容詞修飾

由any-,every-,

some-等跟-body,

-one,-thing構(gòu)成的不定代詞?

1.

英語中有些以a為詞首的形容詞做定語時(shí)，常放在被修飾語后面。?

如：alone,

alike,

afraid,

aware,

ashamed,

awake等?

例：?

The

girl

asleep

soundly

is

my

younger

sister.?

正熟睡的小女孩是我的小妹妹。?

He

is

the

greatest

writer

alive.?

他是當(dāng)代最偉大的作家。2.以后綴-able

和-ible

結(jié)尾的形容詞，也可后置。例如：He

is

the

only

person

reliable.

他是唯一可信賴的人。I

know

the

actor

suitable

for

the

part.我認(rèn)識(shí)適合扮演這個(gè)角色的演員。It's

the

only

solution

possible.這是唯一可能采取的解決辦法。Are

there

any

tickets

available?還有票嗎？That's

the

only

star

visible

now.那是顆現(xiàn)在唯一可見的星。3.形容詞修飾

由any-,every-,

some-等跟-body,

-one,-thing構(gòu)成的

不定代詞時(shí)，一般放在其后。例如：I’d

like

something

cheaper.

我想買些便宜的東西。There

is

something

strange

in

the

sky.天空中有些奇怪的東西。something

importantThere

is今天的報(bào)紙上有條重要新聞。in

today'