黑龍江省哈爾濱市第四十六中學2021年高三英語下學期期末試題含解析

黑龍江省哈爾濱市第四十六中學2021年高三英語下學期期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.Withalittlemorecare,you________thetraffic'accident．It'sluckythatyoujusthurtyourarm．A．canavoid

B．a(chǎn)rrivedC．hadavoided

D．couldhaveavoided參考答案：D考點：虛擬語氣試題解析：根據(jù)虛擬部分你本可能避免這起交通事故（“youcouldhaveavoidedthetraffic'accident”），是對過去事實的虛擬，因此用could+havedone表示本能做（實際未做）。

句意：多小心一點，你就可能避免這起交通事故。很幸運你只是傷到手臂。2..InBeijingvolunteersaremakinguseofeveryminuteto________theirforeignlanguagesbecauselanguagevolunteersmustpassawrittentestandaninterview.A.polishup

B.takeup

C.putup

D.makeup參考答案：A略3.——Iamblue.Yesterday,Imetaclassmateinmynewschool,butwhenIstoppedandsmiled,she______meandwalkedon.

A.missed

B.refused

C.denied

D.ignored參考答案：d略4.I’mcertainDavid’stoldyouhisbusinesstroubles._______,it’snosecretthatheowesalotofmoneytothebank.A.However

B.Anyway

C.Therefore

D.Though參考答案：B5.LastmonthItraveledacross

desertbycamelwithsomelocals,

amazingexperienceIwillneverforget．A．a(chǎn)；the

B．the；an

C．the；不填

D．a(chǎn)；不填參考答案：B

6.Youmaydependon____thatyourparentswillhelpyouwheneveryouneedit.A.them

B.yourself

C.it D.me參考答案：C7.______,andwe'llarriveinHangzhou,wherewecanenjoythebeautyoftheWestLake.

A.Anotherhour

B.Anhourlater

C.Afteranhour

D.Inanhour參考答案：A略8.Theoldalbumbroughtoutofhislong-lockedcase______hishappymemoriesoflivingintheUSA.A.calledfor

B.calledon

C.calledup

D.calledat參考答案：C9.Hetoldus

hehaddoneinthepast.

A.allthat

B.allwhich

C.whatall

D.thatall參考答案：A略10._______intoEnglish,thepoemseemedtohaveanentirelydifferentwordorderandthereforelackedChinesetraditionalrhythmandrhyme.A.Translated

B.beingtranslated

C.havingtranslated

D.translating參考答案：A11.Awomanwasdugout____afterbeingburieddeepintheruinsformorethan200hours.

A．living

B．lively

C．a(chǎn)live

D．live參考答案：C

12.Scientistspredictthatby2025，90％ofallelectroniccommunication______bymobile

phone．A．willconduct

B．willbeconductedC．hasconducted

D．isconducted參考答案：B13.Pleasecallmeassoonaspossibleoncethereisa(n)_____positioninthebranchoffice.

A.hollow

B.bare

C.blank

D.vacant參考答案：D14.SouthKoreanpopsingerChaeYeoncametoBeijingonMarch18thto__________hernewalbumMyLove．A．relieve

B．release

C．collect

D．investigate參考答案：B15.Nothingbeatsasolidhandshake_________greetingsomeone.A.whenyou

B.whenitcomesto

C.ifitis

D.while參考答案：B16.IfKencomeslate，____________isusualforanothertime，we’11notreceivehimanymore．A．which

B．that

C．it

D．a(chǎn)s參考答案：D17.Runningisoftentiringandalotofhardwork,butnothing

thefeelingyougetafterfinishingalongworkoutaroundthetrack.A.breaks B.blocksC.bonds D.beats參考答案：D【詳解】考查動詞。A.breaks破壞；B.blocks阻礙；C.bonds使凝固；D.beats敲打，跳動。句意：跑步通常很累，也很辛苦，但沒有什么能比在跑道上跑完很長一段距離后的感覺更好了。結(jié)合句意可知答案為D。二、填空18.EasyWaystoBuildVocabularyIt’snotallthathardtobuildanadvancedandlargevocabulary.Likemanythingsinlife,it’s___36___ongoingprocess,andthebestpartoftheprocessisthatthere’senoughroomforimprovement,___37___meansyou’lljustkeepgettingbetterandbetter.Ofcourseyouhavetoworkatit.Youwouldn’tthinkthatafew___38___(month)ofexerciseinyourteenswouldbeenough___39___therestofyourlife,andthat’salsotrueforbuildingyourvocabulary----youhavetokeepatitdaily,andprettysoonyouwillfindthatyouhaveanexcellentvocabulary.Oneofthe___40___(effect)waystobuildvocabularyistoreadgoodbooks.Youneedto___41___(real)readatleastonegoodbookaweek,preferablyaclassic.Thisisn’tashardasit___42___(sound),anditisfarbetterthananyothermethodbecauseyouimproveyourvocabularywhile___43___(read)aninterestingpieceofliterature.Anothernicethingisthatyoulearnbothnewwordsand___44___(they)useunconsciously,meaningthatyouwilltendtousethewords___45___(learn)thiswayinconversationsalmostautomatically.參考答案：36.an

37.which

38.months

39.for

40.effective

41.really

42.sounds

43.reading

44.their

45.learned/learnt本文講述了輕松積累詞匯的幾種方法。36.考查冠詞。句意：“和生活中許多事情一樣，積累詞匯也是一個不斷發(fā)展的過程”，由語境可知填一個，“一個”用不定冠詞an表示泛指。故填an。37.考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。句意：通過分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，57

meansyou’ll…空白處所填的詞指代逗號前的there’senoughroomforimprovement，which在句中為關(guān)系代詞，引導非限定性定語從句，并在句中作主語。故填which。38.考查名詞單復數(shù)。句意：你認為青少年時期幾個月的記憶鍛煉不夠。month為可數(shù)名詞，且由afew可知month應(yīng)用復數(shù)形式。故填months。39.考查介詞。句意：幾個月的記憶鍛煉對于余生是不夠的。beenoughforsth對······已足夠。故填介詞for。40.考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：讀好書是擴大詞匯量有效的方法之一。此處要表達的是“有效的方法之一”，因此填effective。41.考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：你需要一周讀一本書。此處應(yīng)用副詞修飾動詞read，因此填really。42.考查謂語動詞。句意：“這件事并不像聽起來那么難”，描述的是一般事實，而且主語為it，因此用sound的一般現(xiàn)在時第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填sounds.43.考查非謂語動詞。句意：你在閱讀一篇有趣的文學故事時增長詞匯量。邏輯主語you與動詞read為主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞reading...作狀語；也可視為狀語從句whileyouarereading...的省略形式。故填reading。44.考查代詞。句意：另一個好處是你不知不覺中學習到了新詞和它們的用法。use在此處是名詞，故用形容詞性物主代詞their作定語。故填their。45.考查非謂語動詞。句意：你自然會在對話中使用這些詞匯。learned/learnt作后置定語修飾words，表示“已學過的詞”，words與learn是被動的關(guān)系，因此用過去分詞。故填learned/learnt?！久麕燑c睛】語法填空分有提示詞和無提示詞兩類。本篇語法填空題的設(shè)空有提示詞的7個,無提示詞的3個。因此,有提示詞類是高考語法填空測試的重點。1.有提示詞的都是實詞,要求用括號里所給詞的適當形式填空。所給詞包括動詞、形容詞、名詞和代詞四類,2.無提示詞。包括（冠詞、介詞、連詞、從句關(guān)系詞）。例如：一.動詞的形態(tài)變化，即時態(tài)（重點考察一般過去時，一般現(xiàn)在時）、被動語態(tài)、虛擬語氣、祈使句和非謂語動詞（v-ing,v-ed,todo作主語、狀語、定語（前置、后置定語）等Thisisn’tashardasit___7___(sound),根據(jù)前面的謂語isn’t得知描述的是一般事實，主語為第三人稱it，因此用sound的一般現(xiàn)在時也要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填sounds.becauseyouimproveyourvocabularywhile___8___(read)aninterestingpieceofliterature.前后主語一致，邏輯主語you與動詞read為主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞reading...作狀語；也可視為狀語從句whileyouarereading...的省略形式，省略主語和be動詞。故填reading。youwilltendtousethewords___10___(learn)thiswayinconversationsalmostautomatically.前面有謂語動詞，劃線動詞和前一句沒有連詞，可以判定出填非謂語形式。learned/learnt作后置定語修飾words，表示“已學過的詞”，words與learn是被動的關(guān)系，因此用過去分詞。19.

Theimportanceofpunctuality(守時)inourdailylives61(be)obvious．Itaffectsboththeindividual(個人)andtheworkplace．

On62whole，theworkplaceoperatesmoresmoothlywhenemployeesarepunctual．Forexample，wheneveryoneisontimeforameeting，themeetingwillstartsmoothlyasit63(schedule)．Punctualitymayhelpyouachieveadvancement．Researchshowsthatmanagersareless64(1ike)topromotelateemployees．

Lackofpunctualityaffectsthepeopleintheworkplace．Itmayleadtoanger，ascolleagueswhoareontimecompare65(they)withlate—comers．Beinglatethrowsyououtofthegroup，asyoumaymissimportant66(inform)．Thiscausesaharmfuldivisionamongemployees．Leadersaffecttheentireworkplace．Whenleadersarelate，itsendsanirresponsiblemessagetoemployees，67maydecreasetheirworkenthusiasm．

Latenessleadstostress，andstressbrings68poorworkplaceperformance．Beingconsistentlylatemaycauseyou69(start)believingyourlatenessisacceptable．Whenthishappens，youbegintoblameoutsidecircumstancesandlosefocusonpotentialsolutions．Tomakematters

70

(bad)，constantlatenesscaneventuallymakeyouloseyourjob．參考答案：61.is

62.the

63.isscheduled

64.likely

65.themselves

66.information

67.which

68.about

69.tostart

70.worse

三、閱讀理解20.Ablockchainisadatastructurethatstorestime-ordereddatainanever-growinglist,likeanaccountingledger(分類賬簿).Theblockchaindatastructureismaintainedusingadistributed,peer-to-peernetworkofcomputerswithnocentral“master”.Aswithmanynewconcepts,blockchaintechnologygeneratesmuchoptimismandalsoahugeamountofinterestandexcitement.Justwhatisitgoodfor?Inshort,blockchainsmayimproveanyprocesswherepeopleneedtoaccess,confirm,sendorstoreinformationsecurely.Thisinformationcouldbeaperson’sidentity,aproduct’sshipmenthistoryordigitalpropertylikemoney.Typicaldatabases,spreadsheets(電子數(shù)據(jù)表),andledgersstoreinformationaboutobjects,people,andtheinteractionsbetweenthem.Muchoftheworld’sinformation,fromcreditcardtransactionstomedicalandfinancialrecords,isstoredinthesetypesofsystems.Thesetypesofsystemshaveconsiderable,well-documentedweaknessesthatarisefromtheirbeingcentralized.Acentralizedrecordishardtounderstandandisexposedtounauthorizedaccessordistribution.Itisalso,becauseitisa‘master’copy,exposedtopermanentchangingordeletion.Blockchainsarealsousedtostoreinformation.Crucially,however,theydifferintwoways.First,informationisparceledupintoblocksandsealed.Bitcoin,forexample,whichisthemostfamouspracticalexampleofaproductionblockchain,storesalltransactionsacrossthenetworkeverytenminutesorsoinasingle,newlyformedblock.Eachblockisthenaddedtothepreviousonetoformachain.Second,this“chainofblocks”isnotstoredcentrally.Instead,eachblockiscopiedanddistributedaroundanentirenetworkofpeers-betheyindividuals,publicinstitutions,orbusinesses-usingdistributedledgertechnology.(Theterms“blockchain”and“distributedledger”areoftenusedinterchangeably;forthesakeofclarity,blockchaintechnologiestendtoemploydistributedledgertechnology.)Eachtimesomeoneaddsanewblocktothechain,meanwhileitisaddedtoeveryone’scopy.8.Whatisthebiggeststrengthofablockchain?A.Itpromotespeople’senthusiasmaboutnewtechnology.B.Itstrengthensthesecurityofprocessinginformation.C.Itenablespeopletostoremoredataintimeorder.D.Itstoresalargepartofworld’sinformation.9.Thetypicalsystemsusedtostoreinformationareweakinthat________.A.theyaredifficulttooperate B.theycanbeaccessedeasilyC.theyhaveacentral“master” D.theystoreconsiderabledocuments10.Thepassageisdevelopedmainlyby________.A.makingcomparisons B.givingexamplesC.makingalist D.showingtheeffectandcauses11.What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Toanalyzetheweaknessesoftypicalsystems.B.Toencouragethepo