Unit3ReadingandThinking核心單詞重要短語(yǔ)典型語(yǔ)法單元寫(xiě)作高二系列（人教版2019選擇性必修第三冊(cè)）

選擇性必修·第三冊(cè)Unit3ENVIRONMENTALPROTECTION范文導(dǎo)讀范文導(dǎo)讀聯(lián)合國(guó)(UN)一份報(bào)告發(fā)現(xiàn)，各國(guó)未能采取必要行動(dòng)以避免氣候變化帶來(lái)的最壞影響。除非各國(guó)政府緊急出臺(tái)額外的措施，否則將無(wú)法履行在2015年《巴黎協(xié)定》(ParisAgreement)中作出的承諾。TheUNsaystheworldmustredoubleitseffortsorit'llfacecatastrophic①climatechange.Countriesarefailingtotakeactionneededtoavoidtheworsteffectsofclimatechange,aUNreporthasfound,andthemitmentsmadeinthe2015ParisAgreementwillnotbemetunlessgovernmentsintroduceadditionalmeasuresasamatterofurgency②.Greenhousegasemissionscontinuedtheirlong-termriselastyear,accordingtotheUN,buttheycouldbebroughtundercontrol.Therearepromisingsigns,suchasinvestmentfromtheprivatesectorinrenewableenergyandothertechnologiestocutcarbon,butthesearecurrentlyinsufficienttomeetscientificadvice.GunnarLuderer,oneoftheauthorsoftheUNreportandseniorscientistatthePotsdamInstituteforClimateImpactResearchinGermany,said：“Thereisstillatremendous③gapbetweenwordsanddeeds,betweenthetargetsagreedbygovernmentsandthemeasurestoachievethesegoals.Onlyarapidturnround④herecanhelp.Emissionsmustbereducedbyaquarterby2030andfor1.5℃，emissionswouldhavetobehalved.”Newtaxesonfossilfuels,investmentincleantechnologyandmuchstrongergovernmentpoliciestobringdownemissionsarelikelytobenecessary.Governmentsmustalsostopsubsidising⑤fossilfuels,directlyandindirectly,theUNsaid.Inall,adoublingofeffortmaybeneededtokeepwarmingtolessthan2℃，meetingscientificadviceonstavingoff⑥themostdangerouseffectsofclimatechange.JoyceMsuya,executivedirectoroftheUNEnvironmentProgramme,said：“Thescienceisclear;foralltheambitiousclimateactionwe'veseen,governmentsneedtomovefasterandwithgreaterurgency.We'refeedingthisfire,whilethemeanstoputitoutarewithinreach.”【注釋】①catastrophicadj.災(zāi)難性的②urgencyn.緊迫③tremendousadj.巨大的④turnroundn.好轉(zhuǎn)；起色；轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)；轉(zhuǎn)變⑤subsidisevt.給……補(bǔ)貼⑥staveoff擋開(kāi)；避開(kāi)SectionⅠReadingandThinking單詞單詞拓展Ⅰ.核心詞匯1．________n.生態(tài)；生態(tài)學(xué)2．________vt.&n.排放；釋放；發(fā)布3．________n.燃料；刺激性言行4．________adj.全部的；所有的；詳盡的5．________adj.世界各地的；影響全世界的adv.遍及全球地6．________n.趨勢(shì)；趨向；動(dòng)向7．________vt.&vi.(過(guò)去式________，過(guò)去分詞________)播送；廣播；傳播n.廣播節(jié)目；電視節(jié)目8．________n.政策；方針；原則9．________n.足跡；(某物所占的)空間量；面積Ⅱ.拓展詞匯1．________vi.&vt.(使)挨餓；餓死→________n.饑餓；挨餓；餓死2．habitableadj.________→________n.(動(dòng)植物的)生活環(huán)境；棲息地3．sustainvt.________→________adj.可持續(xù)的；合理利用的4．frequentlyadv.________→________adj.頻繁的→________n.頻率Ⅲ.閱讀詞匯1．graphn.____________2．emissionn.____________3．meltvi.&vt.____________4．sealn.____________5．ecologyn.____________6．methanen.____________7．carbonn.____________8．dioxiden.____________carbondioxide________9．fossiln.____________Ⅳ.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1．____________瘦得皮包骨，瘦骨嶙峋2．____________對(duì)……有影響3．____________查閱；提到4．____________導(dǎo)致Ⅴ.重點(diǎn)句型1．________________________________________________________________________毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，地球正在變得越來(lái)越暖和(見(jiàn)圖表)。2．Anexpertwhohasstudiedpolarbearsformanyyearssaidthatfromthepositionofitsdeadbody,thebearappeared__________________.一位多年研究北極熊的專(zhuān)家說(shuō)，從北極熊尸體所處位置來(lái)看，它看起來(lái)是死于饑餓。語(yǔ)篇理解語(yǔ)篇理解根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容選擇正確答案1．Whatdoyouknowaboutthepolarbearfound?A．Onlybonesofthedeadbodyremained.B．Itdiedbecauseoftheeffectsofclimatechange.C．Itsskinwasseriouslyinjuredinaway.D．Itcouldn'tadapttotheenvironmentonSvalbard.2．Howdoesthe“natural”greenhouseeffectwork?①HeatissentbacktoEarth.②ThesungivesEarthheatthroughtheatmosphere.③Earth'ssurfacebeeswarm.④Greenhousegasestrapsomeheat.A．①→②→③→④B．②→③→①→④C．②→①→④→③D．④→②→③→①3．Whydotheclimatescientistsgiveawarning?A．Becausetheydon'twanttofindmoredeadanimals.B．Becausenewsreportsdealwithclimatechangewrongly.C．Becauseclimatechangehasbroughtdisasters.D．Becausetheyhavefoundmoreevidence.4．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Itisimpossibletocontrolcarbondioxideemissions.B．Greenhousegasemissionsarethemostseriousproblemnow.C．Ourplanetwillnotbehabitableforhumanstoliveon.D．GovernmentsandindividualsshouldworktogethertoprotectEarth.知識(shí)精知識(shí)精練?第一版塊|重點(diǎn)詞匯詮釋1.shockedadj.驚愕的，受震驚的(1)beshockedat/bysth.對(duì)某事感到震驚beshockedtodosth.對(duì)做某事感到震驚(2)shockv.使震驚，使驚愕n.令人震驚的事；震驚；休克；(由爆炸、地震等引起的)劇烈震動(dòng)Itshockssb.tosee/hear...看到/聽(tīng)到……使某人震驚(3)shockingadj.令人氣憤的；令人震驚的?Thenewerswereshockedattheterribleworkingconditions.新來(lái)的人對(duì)這么差的工作條件感到很震驚。?Iwasshockedtohearthathehadresigned.聽(tīng)到他辭職的消息，我感到震驚?；顚W(xué)活用一句多譯他的母親聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息感到震驚。①Hismother______________________thenews.②It________________________tohearthenews.語(yǔ)境助記Peoplewereshockedtoknowthatthelittlegirlwasbadlyinjuredinanaccident.Theshockingnewsshockedallthepeoplearound,whichwasalsoashocktoherfatherwhowasworkingabroad.獲知這個(gè)小女孩在事故中嚴(yán)重受傷了，人們很震驚。這個(gè)驚人的消息震驚了周?chē)械娜耍瑫r(shí)對(duì)在國(guó)外工作的小女孩的父親也是一個(gè)打擊。2.remain(1)vi.剩余，遺留，繼續(xù)存在；逗留，不離去；仍需去做(或說(shuō)、處理)(2)linkingverb(連系動(dòng)詞)仍然是，保持不變。其后可跟名詞、形容詞、v-ing、過(guò)去分詞、介詞短語(yǔ)等。remaintobedone尚待……，有待……Thereremain/remains...還有……Itremainstobeseen...……尚不確定/說(shuō)不準(zhǔn)。(It為形式主語(yǔ))?Verylittleofthehouseremainedafterthefire.火災(zāi)之后，這座房子所剩無(wú)幾。?Hewillhavetoremaininhospitalforatleast10days.他至少得在醫(yī)院里待10天。?Muchremainstobedone.還有很多事要去做。?Itremainstobeseenwhethertheoperationissuccessfulornot.手術(shù)是否成功，還有待觀察。?Thereremainsacertaindoubtamongpeopleastothepracticalvalueoftheproject.關(guān)于這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的實(shí)用價(jià)值，人們還是有一些疑慮。?Somedatainthereportshowthatreadingremainsabigpartofmanychildren'slives.這份報(bào)告中的一些數(shù)據(jù)顯示，閱讀仍然占據(jù)著許多孩子生活的一大部分。?Whatevergreatprogressyou'vemade,youshouldremainmodest.無(wú)論你取得了多么大的進(jìn)步，你都應(yīng)該保持謙虛。?Sheremainsworkingatnight.她晚上還在工作?；顚W(xué)活用單句語(yǔ)法填空①Thepalacecaughtfirethreetimesinthelastcentury,andlittleoftheoriginalbuilding________(remain)now.②________remainstobeseenwhetherJimwillbefitenoughtotakepartinthepetition.③Thispaintingwaspletedin1888andisoneoftheonlyfour________(remain)piecesintheworld.④Whetherwecanraiseenoughmoneytocarryouttheprojectremains____________(discuss)．歸納拓展remainsn．[pl.]剩余物，剩飯菜；遺跡；遺骸remainingadj.留下的，剩余的；還需處理的(常用作前置定語(yǔ))Theywerecleaninguptheremainsoftheirpicnic.他們正在打掃野餐的殘余物。Theremainingtwentypatientsweretransferredtoanotherhospital.剩余的二十名病人被轉(zhuǎn)送到另一家醫(yī)院去了。3.starvev．(使)挨餓，餓死；渴望；急切想要(1)starvetodeath餓死o(doing)sth.斷絕食物(或資金)來(lái)源以迫使某人做某事(2)starvefor渴望……starvetodosth.渴望做某事bestarvedof...缺乏……；渴望……(3)starvationn．饑餓，挨餓，餓死?Theexplorersstarvedtodeathinthedesert.探險(xiǎn)者們?cè)谏衬叙I死了。?Theystarvedtheirenemiesintogivingin.他們斷絕敵人的食物來(lái)源以迫使他們屈服。?Childrenallstarveforloveandfriendship.孩子們都渴望得到愛(ài)和友誼。?Theenginewasstarvedofpetrolandwouldn'tstart.發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)缺油，發(fā)動(dòng)不起來(lái)。?Millionsofpeoplewillfacestarvationunlessavastemergencyaidprogrammeislaunched.若不啟動(dòng)大型緊急援助計(jì)劃，數(shù)百萬(wàn)人將面臨饑餓的威脅?；顚W(xué)活用單句語(yǔ)法填空/用starve的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)完成句子①Thesecriticalprogrammesthatprovidefoodaccesstoresidentsinneedarestarving________bothvolunteersanddonations.②In1963theUNsetuptheWorldFoodProgramme,oneofwhosepurposesistorelieveworldwide________(starve)．③人們?cè)谝活^餓死的鯨的胃里發(fā)現(xiàn)了大量塑料。Alotofplasticwasfoundinthestomachofawhalewhich____________.④當(dāng)?shù)卣當(dāng)嘟^了這個(gè)公司的資金來(lái)源以迫使它放棄那個(gè)工程。Thelocalgovernment________thepany____________theproject.歸納拓展表示“渴望(得到)……”的其他短語(yǔ)：bethirstyforbehungryforbedyingforbeeagerforbeanxiousforlongfor

4.increase(1)/In′kri?s/vt.&vi.增加，(使)增長(zhǎng)；(2)/′Inkri?s/n.[C，U]增長(zhǎng)，增加(1)increaseto...增加到……increaseby...增加了……increasefrom...to...從……增加到……(2)anincreasein...……方面的增加beontheincrease在增加?Herweighthasincreasedto70kilos.她的體重增加到了70公斤。?Foodpricesincreasedby10%inlessthanayear.不到一年，食品價(jià)格就上漲了10%。?Therewasanincreaseinthetown'spopulation.這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)的人口有所增長(zhǎng)。?Thepeoplewhoownprivatecarsareontheincrease.擁有私家車(chē)的人越來(lái)越多?；顚W(xué)活用單句語(yǔ)法填空/單句寫(xiě)作①Overmanyyears,therehasbeenanincrease________thepopulationoftownsinmanycountries.②Thenewlawhaseintoeffect,andthenumberofwildanimalshereis________theincreasenow.③我們的學(xué)生人數(shù)已經(jīng)增長(zhǎng)到了5000。________________________________________________________________________④去年，這個(gè)城市的房屋均價(jià)下降了13%。________________________________________________________________________聯(lián)想拓展decreasevi.&vt.&n．[C，U]減少；降低decreaseto...減少到……decreaseby...減少了……decreasefrom...to...從……減少到……beonthedecrease在減少5.average(1)adj.平均的；普通的；(2)n.平均數(shù)withanaverageof平均為……anaverageof平均是……onaverage平均起來(lái)；平均來(lái)看above/belowaverage在平均值以上/以下?Thecoastalareahasapleasantclimate,withaveragetemperaturesfrom24℃to26℃.沿海地區(qū)氣候宜人，平均氣溫為24到26攝氏度。?Withanaverageof61scores,thestudentsseemedtopasstheexam.學(xué)生們的平均分?jǐn)?shù)為61分，似乎通過(guò)了此次考試。?Theboatsremainatseaforanaverageoftendaysatatime.這些船只在海上平均每次航行10天。?Thereisabout400mmrainfallinthisareaayearonaverage.該地區(qū)平均年降水量約為400毫米。?Herperformancelastnightwaswellaboveaverage,whichsurprisedeveryone.她昨晚的表現(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于平均水平，這讓每個(gè)人都感到驚訝。?Therehavebeenfouryearsofbelowaveragerainfall.已經(jīng)有4年降雨量低于平均值了?；顚W(xué)活用用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空。①Priceshaverisenbyanaverage________fourpercentoverthepastyear.②Lastyearwasthewarmestyearonrecord,withglobaltemperature0.68℃________theaverage.③________average,wehadfourEnglishlessonsoneweek.高考助記Freddywasanaveragestudent,butnotanaverageperson.弗雷迪是一個(gè)普通學(xué)生，但他不是個(gè)普通人。6.referto涉及，與……相關(guān)；提到，談及，說(shuō)起；查閱，參考(1)referto...as...稱(chēng)……為……(2)refertoadictionary查詞典(3)referencen.參與；涉及；提及in/withreferenceto與……有關(guān)referencebook參考書(shū)；工具書(shū)?Thenewsalaryscaleonlyreferstopanymanagersanddirectors.新的工資等級(jí)只涉及公司經(jīng)理和主管人員。?Thisparagraphreferstotheeventsoflastyear.這段說(shuō)的是去年的事。?Ipromisednottorefertothematteragain.我答應(yīng)過(guò)再也不提這件事了。?WhenIsaidthatsomebodywasreallynaughty,Ididnotrefertoyou.當(dāng)我說(shuō)某人很調(diào)皮時(shí)，我不是指你。?ShealwaysreferstoBenas“thatniceman”．她總是稱(chēng)本為“那個(gè)大好人”。?Toprovethis,theauthorreferstoapassagefromthetext.為了證明這一點(diǎn)，作者查閱了一節(jié)原文。?Iamwritingwithreferencetoyourjobapplication.我在寫(xiě)信回復(fù)關(guān)于您申請(qǐng)工作一事?；顚W(xué)活用單句語(yǔ)法填空①Thetrend,then,wastowardthe“pennypaper”—aterm________(refer)topapersmadewidelyavailabletothepublic.②ThePritzkerArchitecturePrizeisoftenreferredto________theNobelPrizeinarchitecture.③Forexample，therearehugequantitiesof________(refer)booksaboutwhichIamoftenconfused.特別提醒單詞含義過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞refer提到；提及referredreferringprefer更喜歡preferredpreferringinfer推斷；暗示inferredinferring7.releasevt.排放；釋放；發(fā)布(新聞等)；上映(電影)；發(fā)行(唱片、書(shū)等)；n.排放；釋放；發(fā)行；發(fā)布releasesb.fromsomeplace從某地釋放某人releasestress/emotions釋放壓力/發(fā)泄情感?Afterthetrainerwassurethatthewhalecouldlookafteritself,hereleaseditintothesea.訓(xùn)練員確信那條鯨魚(yú)可以照顧自己后，他把它放入大海。?Thefactorykeepsreleasingsmoke，makingtheairdirty.這座工廠不停地排放煙霧，污染了空氣。?HowdoyoufindthemovieACoolFishreleasedrecently?你覺(jué)得最近上映的電影《無(wú)名之輩》怎么樣？?Hewasreleasedfromthehospitalyesterday.他昨天獲準(zhǔn)出院了。?ThesoftwareisplannedforreleaseinApril.該軟件計(jì)劃于四月份發(fā)行?；顚W(xué)活用單句語(yǔ)法填空①I(mǎi)nrecentyears,anumberofHollywoodproducers________(release)filmpostersforChineseaudiences,showingtheirattentiontothecountry'sfilmmarketandculture.②________(release)on5February,2019,TheWanderingEarthsoonbecameagreathit.③Thebird________(release)fromthecagelastweek.④Beijingrankedfirstintermsoftheamountofresidents'readingamongallcitiesinChinathisyear,aswasannouncedindata________(release)onThursday.聯(lián)想拓展：與release意思相同的詞組：setfree(sb.)giveoff(energy)letloose8.amount(1)n.[C，U]數(shù)量，數(shù)額；(2)vi.總計(jì)，共計(jì)(1)alarge(great/good)/smallamountof＋不可數(shù)名詞大量的/少量的……(作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式)large/smallamountsof＋不可數(shù)名詞大量的/少量的……(作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式)theamountof＋不可數(shù)名詞……的總數(shù)(作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式)(2)amountto共計(jì)，總計(jì)?Alargeamountofmoneywasspentontheproject.(＝Largeamountsofmoneywerespentontheproject.)這項(xiàng)工程花費(fèi)了大量金錢(qián)。?Theamountofmoneyinvestedinhealthcareisincreasing.投入醫(yī)療保健方面的資金正在增加。?Hismonthlyearningsamounttoabout3,000dollars.他的月收入總計(jì)約為3000美元?；顚W(xué)活用單句語(yǔ)法填空①Largeamountsofmypocketmoney________(be)spentbuyingnewbookslastyear.②Agreatamountofhomework________(have)tobedoneeveryday,solargequantitiesofstudents'time________(be)occupied.③Agreatmanycollegestudents________(be)senttohelpthechildrentherelastmonth.④Agreatnumberofchildrenwhoseparentshaddiedintheearthquake________(be)senttolivewithfamiliesinothercitiesyesterday.歸納拓展：“許多，大量”的其他表達(dá)法(1)eq\b\lc\{\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(agood/greatmany,alarge/greatnumberof,quiteafew))eq\a\vs4\al\co1(＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式)(2)manya(n)＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)(作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式)(3)agreat/gooddealof＋不可數(shù)名詞(作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式)(4)alotof/lotsof、plentyof＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞(作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式根據(jù)of后的名詞來(lái)確定)(5)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(alargequantityof＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不,可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,的單復(fù)數(shù)形式根據(jù)of后的名詞來(lái),確定,largequantitiesof＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不,可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,用復(fù)數(shù)形式))9.resultin引起；導(dǎo)致；造成resultfrom因……發(fā)生asaresult結(jié)果asaresultof作為……的結(jié)果；由于?Thegreatincreaseintourisminrecentyearshasresultedintheconstructionofmanyhotels.近年來(lái)旅游業(yè)有很大發(fā)展，因此(人們)興建了許多旅館。?Actingbeforethinkingalwaysresultsinfailure.做事不先考慮常會(huì)導(dǎo)致失敗。?Manyhairproblemsresultfromwhatyoueat.許多頭發(fā)問(wèn)題都源于你吃的東西。?Aliceoversleptthismorning.Asaresult,shewaslateforwork.艾麗斯今天早上睡過(guò)頭，結(jié)果上班遲到了。?Fatherwaslateforworkasaresultofthetrafficjam,andasaresult,thebossblamedhimforit.由于交通堵塞，父親上班遲到了，結(jié)果老板為此責(zé)備了他?；顚W(xué)活用單句語(yǔ)法填空/一句多譯①Hebrokedownpletely________aresultoftoomuchwork.②Facedwiththisphenomenon,wemusttakesomemeasurestodealwithit;otherwise,itwillresult________greatlossesinthefuture.③Theterribleaccidentresulted________hiscarelessdriving.④據(jù)說(shuō)缺乏信心導(dǎo)致他面試失敗。Itwassaidthatlackofconfidence________________hisfailureintheinterview.Itwassaidthathisfailureintheinterview________________lackofconfidence.⑤由于購(gòu)物太久，珍妮差點(diǎn)兒誤了班機(jī)。Jennynearlymissedthefight________________________doingtoomuchshopping.Jennydidtoomuchshopping.________________________，shenearlymissedtheflight.聯(lián)想拓展resultin的近義詞(組)有：cause，bringabout,leadto,contributeto.

10.restrictvt.限制，限定(數(shù)量、范圍等)；束縛，妨礙；約束(1)restrict...to...將……限定在……內(nèi)restrictoneself/sb.to(doing)sth.限制自己/某人只做某事(2)restrictionn.[C]制約因素；限制規(guī)定；[U]限制，約束arestriction/restrictionsonsth.對(duì)某事的限制withoutrestriction不受限制(3)restrictiveadj.限制性的，約束的?Werestrictthenumberofstudentsperclassto10.我們將每個(gè)班的學(xué)生人數(shù)限定為10人。?Irestrictmyselftoonecupofcoffeeaday.我控制自己每天只喝一杯咖啡?；顚W(xué)活用單句語(yǔ)法填空①Theearlieststudieshavesuggestedalinkbetweencalorie________(restrict)andslowingaging.②Wemakenorestrictions________thekindsoffilmsweshow—aslongasafilm'squalitymeetsourstandards.③Don'trestrictyourselfto________(make)friends—itwillhelpincreaseyourknowledge.聯(lián)想拓展limit...to將……限定在……內(nèi)11.seizevt.奪??；抓住，捉??；把握(機(jī)會(huì)、時(shí)機(jī)、主動(dòng)等)seizesth.(fromsb.)(從某人那里)奪取某物seizesb.bythearm(＝seizesb.’sarm)抓住某人的胳膊seizeachance/anopportunity抓住機(jī)會(huì)?Heseizedthebookfromherhand.他從她手里奪過(guò)了書(shū)。?Iseizedhimbythearmandmadehimturntolookatme.我抓住他的胳膊，讓他轉(zhuǎn)身看著我。?Seizethechance.Otherwiseyou’llregretit.抓住這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，否則你會(huì)后悔的。[即學(xué)即練]用seize的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)完成句子①這個(gè)小男孩抓住我的胳膊向我求助。Thelittleboy____________andaskedmeforhelp.②去年他抓住了一次周游世界的機(jī)會(huì)。He________totravelaroundtheworldlastyear.隨手記其他表示抓住、捉住的詞：grab，grasp，snatch，take，getholdof?第二版塊|重點(diǎn)句型剖析1．(教材P26)ThereislittledoubtthatEarthisgettingwarmerandwarmer(seethegraph)．毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，地球正在變得越來(lái)越暖和(見(jiàn)圖表)?！癟hereislittle/nodoubtthat...”為固定句型，意為“毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)……”，that引導(dǎo)的是同位語(yǔ)從句，解釋說(shuō)明doubt的內(nèi)容。Thereislittle/nodoubtthat...Thereislittle/nodoubtthat...意為“毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)……”，是一個(gè)固定句型。在此句型中，that引導(dǎo)的是同位語(yǔ)從句，用來(lái)解釋說(shuō)明doubt的具體內(nèi)容，doubt在此作名詞。Thereisnodoubtthattheyagreewithyouonthismatter.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，他們?cè)谶@件事上同意你的觀點(diǎn)。Thereisnodoubtthatfriendshipplaysanimportantpartinourlife.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，友誼在我們的生活中起著重要作用。(1)名詞doubt若用在肯定句中，后面接whether引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句(whether不可用if替換)。常見(jiàn)句型：Thereissomedoubtwhether...是否……有些疑問(wèn)。Ihavedoubtswhether...我懷疑是否……h(huán)avenodoubtthat...不確定……Thereissomedoubtwhetherheisthebestmanforthejob.他是否是那項(xiàng)工作的最佳人選，還存在疑問(wèn)。Ialwayshaddoubtswhetherhewouldbethebestmanforthejob.我總是擔(dān)心他是否是那個(gè)最適合做這項(xiàng)工作的人。(2)動(dòng)詞doubt若用在肯定句中，接whether/if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句；若用在否定句或疑問(wèn)句中，接that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。Idoubtwhether/if...我懷疑是否……Idon't/neverdoubtthat...我不懷疑；我相信……Youcanplain，butIdoubtifit'llmakeanydifference.你可以抱怨，但是我看未必有用。活學(xué)活用單句語(yǔ)法填空①Thereisnodoubt________inyourmindheisinnocent,isthere?②Thereissomedoubt________hewillsucceed.③Ihavenodoubt________youcandothisjobwell.④Idon'tdoubt________thegoldringbelongstoher.⑤Idoubt________thatchairwillbearyourweight.2．(教材P26)Anexpertwhohasstudiedpolarbearsformanyyearssaidthatfromthepositionofitsdeadbody,thebearappearedtohavestarvedanddied.一位多年研究北極熊的專(zhuān)家說(shuō)，從北極熊尸體所處位置來(lái)看，它看起來(lái)是死于饑餓。不定式的完成式動(dòng)詞不定式的完成式tohavedone，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前。在appear，seem，think，consider，believe等表示看法與想法的動(dòng)詞后用動(dòng)詞不定式的完成式時(shí)，其結(jié)構(gòu)也常用以it作形式主語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)代替。Iamreallysorrytohavegivenyousomuchtrouble.給你添了這么多麻煩，我真抱歉。Hewasbelievedtohavebeenareporter.人們相信他曾經(jīng)當(dāng)過(guò)記者。Heseemstohavecutoffthewatersupply.＝Itseemsthathehascutoffthewatersupply.他好像已切斷了供水。(1)不定式的完成式常同expect，hope等連用，表示預(yù)計(jì)將來(lái)完成的動(dòng)作。IexpecttohavereadthisbookbyFriday.我預(yù)計(jì)星期五前就讀完這本書(shū)。Ihopetohavefinishedtheworkbytheendoftheyear.我希望年底前就完成這項(xiàng)工作。(2)不定式的完成式也可與mean，think，intend，promise等表示意圖、打算、計(jì)劃等的動(dòng)詞連用，表示想做但未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望或計(jì)劃等。Iintendedtohaveetoseeyou.我本打算來(lái)看你的。(但沒(méi)能來(lái))Imeanttohavecalledyoulastnight.我本打算昨晚給你打的。(但沒(méi)打)活學(xué)活用單句語(yǔ)法填空/單句寫(xiě)作①Whileregularlyeatingoutseems____________(bee)monformanyyoungpeopleinrecentyears,it'snotwithoutacost.②Heisthought____________(act)foolishly.Nowhehasnoonebuthimselftoblameforlosingthejob.③認(rèn)識(shí)了這么多新朋友，我感到非常幸運(yùn)。________________________________________________________________________能力拓展能力拓展Ⅰ.單詞拼寫(xiě)1．Thehouseshouldbe________(適合居住的)bythenewyear.2．Theconsultantwasbusystudyingthe________(詳盡的)reportthen.3．Oilpollutioncoulddamagethe________(生態(tài)學(xué))ofthecoralreefs.4．Thereisagrowing________(趨勢(shì))towardsearlierretirementinthatcountry.5．Theboywilltryhisbestto________(抓住)thegoldenchancetogoabroad.6．Becauseofthe________(政策)ofreformandopening,Chinahastakenonanewlookoverthepastdecades.7．Generallyspeaking，havingsmallchildrentendsto________(限制)yourfreedom.8．Thebadnewsisthattheicehasbegunto________(融化)asaresultofglobalwarming.9．Hismentsareboundtoadd________(燃料)tothedebate.10．Thereis________(遍及全球的)concernaboutthedestructionoftherainforests.Ⅱ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Thesmell________(release)fromtheholemadeusalittlesick.2．Thethieves________(seize)bythepolicemenweretakentothepolicestation.3．Thegovernmentplaced________(restrict)onsalesofweapons.4．Iusedtogotothatoldtemple________(frequent)asachild.5．Chinawillremainalargeand________(sustain)consumerofrawmaterials.6．Thousandsofmen,womenandchildrentherearefacing________(starve)now.7．Mostofthecitizenswereinterestedinthenews________(broadcast)yesterday.8．Largeamountsofwater________(pollute)inthepastfiveyears.9．Poetryisaninterestingformofwriting.Itisveryfree,hasfew________(restrict)andcanbeagreatwaytoexpressfeelings.10．Davidadmittedthathiscarcrashedintohisneighbor'sgardenandpromisedtotakeresponsibility________that.11．Itremains________(see)whetheronlineteachingwillreplacetraditionalclassroomteaching.12．Ihavecheckedyourhomework,andyouseem________(make)amistakehere.Ⅲ.課文語(yǔ)法填空Inrecentyears,climatechangehashadagreatimpact1.________theanimals.In2013,thewholeworld2.________(shock)atanewsphotoofadeadpolarbearonNorway'sArcticislandofSvalbard.Duetotheincreaseintemperature,thepolarbearseemed3.________(die)fromlackoffood.Accordingtoclimatescientists,akeyclimateprocess,4.________iscalledthe“greenhouseeffect”，includesthe“natural”greenhouseeffectandthe“man-made”greenhouseeffect.Theformerreferstothefactthatheatfromthesun5.________(enter)theatmosphereandwarmsEarth'ssurface.Greenhousegasesintheatmospheretrapsomeoftheheat,6.________(keep)Earth'sclimatewarmandhabitable.Howeve