外研版小學(xué)英語語法總復(fù)習(xí)知識點歸納

外研版小學(xué)英語語法總復(fù)習(xí)知識點

歸納（總9頁）-本頁僅作預(yù)覽文檔封面，使用時請刪除本頁-#外研版小學(xué)英語語法總復(fù)習(xí)知識點歸納一、時態(tài)1.一般現(xiàn)在時⑴表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作或事情，通常用“usually通常,often常常,every…每…,sometimes有時，always總是，”等詞。(2)基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語I/You/We/They/He/She/It肯定句：主語+動詞原形或動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式否定句：主語+don't+動詞原形或者doesn't+動原一般疑問句(Yes/No)Do…Yes,Ido.No,Idon't.Does…(動詞原形)…Yes,he/shedoes.No,he/shedoesn’t.特殊疑問句Whatdo…Howdoesshe...(動詞原形)…動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式(同名詞單數(shù)變成復(fù)數(shù)方法相同)一般情況+s如:亞己卜-亞己心$輔音字母+y結(jié)尾去y+iesfly-flies結(jié)尾是s,x，sh,ch+eswatch-watches結(jié)尾是0+esdo-does,go-goes特殊have-has.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時⑴表示正在發(fā)生的動作，通常用“now現(xiàn)在,look看，linsen聽”.(2)基本形式:be+動詞-ingeg:Iam(not)doingmyhomework.You/We/Theyare(not)reading.He/She/Itis(not)eating.WhatareyoudoingIshereading⑶動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式(動詞+ing)一般情況+ingwalk—walking結(jié)尾是不發(fā)音的e-e+ingcome—coming重讀閉音節(jié)雙寫最后一個字母+ingswim-swimmingrun-running.一般過去時(1)表示過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情,通常用“l(fā)ast…上一個…,justnow剛才,manyyearsago許多年前，yesterday昨天”等詞。be動詞的過去式:am/is—wasare—were(3)過去式基本結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句：主語+動詞過去式wentshoppinglastnight.否定句：主語+didn’t+動詞原形Ididn’tgoshoppinglastnight.一般疑問句(Yes/No)Did…+動詞原形…Didyougoshoppinglastnight特殊疑問句(wh-)Whatdid...+動詞原形…Whatdidyoudolastnight(4)動詞過去式的變化:規(guī)則動詞的變化:(1)一般動詞+ed planted,watered,climbed(2)以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾+dlikedtied

⑶輔音字母加y結(jié)尾-y+ied study—studied,cry-cried⑷重讀閉音節(jié)單詞，末尾只有一個輔音字雙寫最后一個字母+edplan-plannedstop-stopped不規(guī)則動詞的變化:原形過去式原形過去式 原形過去式am/iswasareweregowentdodidfindfoundbuyboughteatatefeelfeltdrinkdrankteachtaughttaketookreadreadgivegavehavehadputputsingsangdrivedrovemeetmetcutcutbeginbeganmakemadeletletringrang writewroteseesawrunranriderodecomecamedrawdrewsitsattelltoldlearnlearntgetgotcarrycarriedstudystudied4.一般將來時一般將來時表示將來打算做的事或?qū)⒁l(fā)生的事情。常常與tomorrow,nextSunday等時間狀語連用。結(jié)構(gòu):begoingto+動詞原形或will+動詞原形例如:I'mgoingtovisitmygrandpanextweek.二、人稱代詞主格Iweyouheshe it they賓格meusyouhimheritthem形容詞性物主代詞myouryourhisheritstheir名詞性物主代詞mineoursyourshishersitstheris（注:介詞，動詞后面跟賓格。后面沒有名詞時用名詞性物主代詞。）三、可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式.一般名詞：+sbook-books.輔音字母力口y結(jié)尾:-y+iesstory—stories.以s,x,sh,ch，結(jié)尾:+esglass—glasses;awatch-watches以o結(jié)尾:1)有生命的+espotato-potatoes2)無生命的+sphoto-photoes.以f或fe結(jié)尾:-f或fe變?yōu)関esknife-knives;shelf-shelves.特殊的名詞復(fù)數(shù):man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-mice,child-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,四、不可數(shù)名詞（沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式）bread,rice,water,juice，milk，tea，coffee五、縮略形式I’m=Iam you’re=youareshe’s=sheis he’s=heishasn’t=hehas(got)it’s=itis who’s=whoiscan’t=cannotisn’t=isnotdidn’t=didnotweren’t=werenotwasn’t=wasnotlet’s=letusI’ll=Iwill六、a.an.the的用法.單詞的第一讀音是輔音讀音:abook,apeach,a“U”單詞的第一個讀音是元音讀音:anegg,anhour,an"F”要注意的:球類前面不加the,playfootball樂器前面要加the，playthepiano序數(shù)詞前面要加the,thesecond七、介詞.表示方位:on,in,infrontof,between,nextto,near,beside,at,behind.，under.表示時間:(1)at:幾點前面用at如:atsixo'clock,沒有day的節(jié)日前用at如:atChristmas,固定詞組attheweekends,atnight(2)on:用于星期,日期,某一天的上午、下午、晚上(指具體的某一天時)onSunday在星期天onSundaymorning在星期天的上午onMarch8在3月8日;帶有Day的節(jié)日前用on如：onNationalDay(3)in:早晨，中午，晚上前用in:inthemorning，intheafternoon，intheevening，月份前用in，如inDecember;季節(jié)前用in，如winter;年份前用^，如in1999八、基數(shù)詞變成序數(shù)詞的方法1.直接在基數(shù)詞詞尾加上th。如:seventh第七，tenth第十，thirteenth第十三，2.以y結(jié)尾的基數(shù)詞，變y為i，再加上eth。如:twentieth第二十。.不規(guī)則的。如:first第一,second第二，third第三，fifth第五，eighth第八，ninth第九，twelfth第十二。.有兩個或以上單詞組成的基數(shù)詞只改最后一個單詞如twenty-first第二十一。九、some/any的用法.肯定句中用some:Ihavesometoysinmybedroom..問句和否定句中用any:DoyouhaveanybrothersorsistersHehasn’tgotanypencilsinhispencil-case..詢問想要什么時用some:WouldyoulikesomejuiceCanIhavesomestamps十、therebe結(jié)構(gòu).肯定句（有…）:Thereis+單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞Thereare+復(fù)數(shù)注:遵循就近原則，看靠therebe最近的.一般疑問句（有…嗎,）:Isthere…Yes,thereis./No,thereisn’t.Arethere...Yes,thereare./No,therearen’t..否定句（沒有）：Thereisn'tTherearen't..be句型與have（has）的區(qū)別:therebe表示在某地有某物（或人）;have（has）表示某人擁有某物。十一、祈使句Sitdownplease.Don’topenthedoor,please.Let’sgotothepark.（注:祈使句中動詞用原形）十二、（情態(tài)）動詞can,may,must,should,will后面直接用動詞原形。I/He/She/Theycansing.MayIcomeinImustgonow.Youshouldbequietinthelibrary.3.You’llbegoodfriends.十四、特殊疑問句什么（問什么事,什么物或什么工作等）Whatareyoudoing,I’mreading.WhatdidyoudoyesterdayIplayedbasketball.WhatareyougoingtodoI’mgoingtodohomework.WhatisthatIt’sabook.Whatdoeshe/shedo?She’sanurse.WhattimeisitIt’sseven.Whatcolour問顏色WhatcolourisyourcoatIt’sred.什么時候WhendoyougetupIgetupatsixthirty.WhenisyourbirthdayIt’sonthe21stofDecember.哪一個Whichisyourwatch,theyellowoneorthewhiteone?Theyellowismine.誰WhoisthemanwithabignoseHe’smyuncle.誰的WhosebagisitIt’shisbag.哪里WhereismypenIt’sunderthebook.為什么WhydoyoulikesummerBecause...many多少Howmanybooksarethereintheschoolbag?Therearefourbooksintheschoolbag.10.Howold幾歲HowoldistheyoungmanHe’snineteen.much多少錢HowmuchisthetoybearIt’selevenyuan.怎么樣(Howlong/big/tall)HowdoyougotoschooleverydayIgotoschoolbycar.HowlongistheriverIt’s10mileslong.十五.已經(jīng)學(xué)過的動詞sayhelpknowlostlivereadruntakelistentalkseedrawjumpsingdancewantmakebuyhelp