2016-2017學(xué)年高二英語人教版必修5練習(xí)：Unit 3　Life in the future-A Word版含解析

高中同步創(chuàng)優(yōu)單元測評(píng)A卷英語班級(jí)：________姓名：________得分：________Unit3Lifeinthefuture[名師原創(chuàng)·基礎(chǔ)卷](時(shí)間：90分鐘滿分：100分)第Ⅰ卷第一部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分18分)第一節(jié)(共4小題；每小題2分，滿分8分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C、D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Theplan：turnMarsintoablueworldwithstreamsandgreenfields，andthenfillitwithcreaturesfromtheearth.Thisideamaysoundlikesomethingfromasciencefiction，butitisactuallybeingtakenseriouslybymanyresearchers.Thissuggestedfutureforthe“redplanet”willbethemaintopicforthediscussionataninternationalconferencehostedbyNASAthisweek.Leadingresearchersaswellassciencefictionwriterswillattendtheevent.ItcomesasNASAispreparingamulti-billion-dollarMarsresearchprogram.“TurningMarsintoalittleearthhasbeenatopicinsciencefiction，”saidDrMichaelMeyer，NASA'sseniorscientistforastrobiology(天體生物學(xué))．“Nowwithscientistsexploringthereality，wecanaskwhattherealpossibilitiesofchangingMarsare.”MostscientistsagreethatMarscouldbeturnedintoalittleearthalthoughmuchtimewouldbeneededtoachievethisgoal.Butmanyexpertsareshockedbythisidea.“Wearedestroyingourownworldatanunbelievablespeedandnowwearetalkingaboutruininganotherplanet，”saidPaulMurdin，oftheInstituteofAstronomy，Cambridge，UK.Overthepastmonths，scientistshavebecomeincreasinglyconfidentthattheywillfindMartianlifeforms.EuropeandAmerica'srobotexplorershavefoundproofthatwater，mixedwithsoil，existsinlargeamountsontheplanet.Inaddition，twodifferentgroupsofscientistsannouncedonMarch28thattheyhadfoundsignsofmethane(甲烷)intheMartianatmosphere.Thegasisawasteproductoflivingcreaturesandcouldbeproducedbymicrobes(微生物)livingintheredplanet'ssoil.ButscientistssuchasDrLisaPratt，abiologistatIndianaUniversity，saythatthesemicrobeswillbeputindangerbythelittleearthproject.“BeforewehaveevendiscoveredifthereislifeonMars，wearetalkingaboutcarryingoutprojectsthatwoulddestroyallthesenativelifeforms，allthestrangemicrobesthatwehopetofindburiedinthesoil，”saidDrPratt.ThisviewissharedbyMonicaGrady，aplanetary(行星的)scientistattheNaturalHistoryMuseum，London.“Wecan'triskstartingaglobalexperimentthatwouldwipeoutthepreciousinformationwearelookingfor.”Shesaid，“Thisisjustwrong.”1．Thepassageisabout________.A．a(chǎn)planturningMarsintoalittleearthB．thenecessityofchangingMarsC．MarssupportinglifeD．findingwateronMars2．WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonwhysomescientistsareagainsttheplan?A．TheprojectwoulddestroyallthenativelifeformsonMars.B．Theprojectwillcosttoomuchmoneyandwork.C．WewouldruinMars.D．Wearewipingoutthepreciousinformationwearelookingfor.3．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.A．waterisacrucialfactorforlifeB．theprojectwillhavelittleeffectonthenativelifeformssupposedtoliveonMarsC．MonicaGradyisinfavourofcarryingoutthelittleearthprojectD．theideaturningMarsintoalittleearthisnothingbutasciencefiction4．WhichofthefollowingsupportstheconclusionofmicrobeslivingintheMars'soil?A．ScientistsfoundliquidwateronMars.B．ScientistsfoundsignsofmethaneintheMartianatmosphere.C．ScientistsfoundalotofgoodsoilonMars.D．ScientistsfoundsomecreatureslivingonMars.第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whenyou'redealingwithastressfulsituationorgoingthroughahardtime，peopleinyourlifecanhelpyou.Whensomeonewhocaresknowswhatyou'regoingthrough，ithelpsyoufeelunderstoodandnotsoalone.__5__Problemsseemsmallerwhenyoutalkaboutthemwiththerightperson.Youcandobetterandfindoutsolutionsmoreeasilywhenyoushareyourproblems.Therearelotsofdifferentwaystogetandgivehelp.__6__Othertimesyouneedadviceonthings.Helpcanbeveryeasy，likeahomeworkproject.Oritcangoonforawhile，liketeachingtobringupafailinggradeoradvisingtogetthroughadifficultpersonalsituation.It'slikelyyouremembertimessomeonehelpedyou.__7__Friendshelpedyougetthroughsadnessordealwithdisappointment.Teachersmighthaveguidedyouthroughthecollegeapplicationprocess(大學(xué)申請(qǐng))．__8__Youmightgiveahandtoyourclassmatewhometdifficulty.Friends，parents，teachersandotheradultscanbegreatresourceswhenyouneedhelp.Therearealsotimeswhenyouneedtheextrahelpthataprofessionalcanprovidebest.Doctorscanofferspecializedhelpforahealthproblem__9__A．Parentstaughtyoutostopabadhabit.B．Sometimesyoujustwanttohearanencouragingword.C．Turntotheprofessionalpeopleforhelpwhenyouneed.D．Difficultiesareeverywhereinyourlife.E．Andyoucanalsoremembertimeswhenyouhelpedothers.F．Havingarightpersonmeansalot.G．Youneedtolearntogivehelpintherightway.第二部分：英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共四節(jié)，滿分55分)第一節(jié)：完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Alittleboyalwaysthoughthimselfasthemostunfortunatechildintheworldbecauseadiseasemadehimlame.He__10__playedwithhisclassmates.Whentheteacheraskedhimtoanswerquestions，healways__11__hisheadwithoutaword.One__12__，theboy'sfatheraskedforsomesaplings(樹苗)fromtheneighbor.Hewantedthe__13__toplantasaplingeachpersoninfrontofthehouse.Thefathersaid，“Whosesaplinggrowsbest，Iwillbuyhimorherafavorite__14__.”Seeinghisbrothersandsisterswateringthetrees，theboyhadanidea.Hehopedthatthetreeheplantedwould__15__soon.So，afterwateringitonceortwice，henever__16__it.Afewdayslater，whenthelittleboywenttoseehistreeagain，hewas__17__tofindthatitdidn'tfadebutgrewsomefreshleaves.__18__thetreesofhisbrothersandsisters，histreewasevengreener.Hisfatherkepthis__19__，boughtthelittleboyhisfavoritegiftandsaidthatfromthetreeheplanted，hewouldbecomeanoutstanding__20__whenhegrewup.Sincethen，thelittleboyslowlybecame__21__.Onenight，helayonthebedbutcouldn'tfallasleep.Thenhegotupandcametothe__22__.Tohissurprise，his__23__wassplashingsomethingontohistree.__24__，heunderstoodhisfatherhadbeen__25__fertilizinghissmalltree！Hereturnedtohisroom，__26__runningdown.__27__passed.Thelittleboydidn'tbecomeabotanist，buthewaselectedPresidentoftheUnitedStates.HisnamewasFranklinRoosevelt.Loveisthe__28__nourishment(營養(yǎng))oflife.__29__itisjustadropofclearwater，itcanstillhelpthetreethrive(茁壯成長)．10．A.bravely B．seldomC．freely D．a(chǎn)lways11．A.raised B．noddedC．lowered D．knocked12．A.spring B．momentC．winter D．week13．A.neighbors B．friendsC．children D．boys14．A.sapling B．treeC．gift D．toy15．A.die B．growC．break D．survive16．A.ledto B．a(chǎn)ttendedtoC．belongedto D．objectedto17．A.pleased B．upsetC．worried D．surprised18．A.Comparedwith B．SimilartoC．Connectedto D．Popularwith19．A.request B．scheduleC．promise D．goal20．A.president B．botanistC．a(chǎn)rtist D．researcher21．A.smart B．desperateC．optimistic D．practical22．A.field B．courtyardC．park D．farm23．A.brother B．sisterC．father D．neighbor24．A.Allofasudden B．ForamomentC．Intime D．Fromthenon25．A.busily B．quietlyC．cautiously D．secretly26．A.water B．tearsC．sweat D．rain27．A.Hours B．MonthsC．Decades D．Centuries28．A.last B．onlyC．least D．best29．A.Evenif B．NowthatC．Ifonly D．Whatif第Ⅱ卷第二部分：英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共四節(jié)，滿分55分)第二節(jié)：單詞拼寫(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)30．Weare________(樂觀的)thatthemainlandandTaiwanwillunifyinthenearfuture.31．Hecanhardlyfindajobinthecanteen，becausehehasno________(先前的)experienceofthiskindofjob.32．ThepeopleinIraqlivedahardlife，becauseitwas________(不斷地)hitbywar.33．The________(周圍的)sceneryinourschoolisverybeautiful.34．Theprojectfaileddueto________(缺乏)ofmoney.35．Ifyoup________thebutton，themachinewillstart.36．He________(帶領(lǐng))usthroughthenarrowstreetstothecentralmosque.37．Shecaughthiseyesforan________(瞬間)．38．Hiswonderfulspeechmadeastrongi________onhisaudience.39．Theworkersandthebosshavereacheda________(協(xié)議)overnewworkingconditions.第三節(jié)：語法填空(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Acompanynamed“FutureTours”transportedLiQiangandhisfriendssafelyintothefutureinatime__40__.Theyclimbedinthroughasmallopeningandafewminuteslaterthejourneywas__41__.Theywerestillontheearthbutonethousandyearsinthefuture.Confusedbythenew__42__(surround)，hewashitbythe59.__43__offreshair.Hishead__44__(ache)．Beforeheputonthemask.Hechoseahoveringcarriagedrivenbycomputerandbegantomove__45__(swift)．ThereweresomanycarriagesthathelostsightofWangPing.He__46__(sweep)upintothecentreofthem.AtlastLiQiang__47__them.Arrivinghome，hewassurprisedtoseetreeleavesprovidedthehousewith__48__oxygen.Afteragooddinner，LiQiangfelt__49__(exhaust)，soheslidintobedandfelllastasleep.第四節(jié)：完成句子(共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分)50．I________________________himinthecrowd.在人群中我再也看不到他了。51．She________________herfirstteachingpostin2010.2010年她走上第一個(gè)教學(xué)崗位。52．We'dbetter________________ifwewanttobeintimeforthefilm.如果我們想來得及看電影，最好要加快速度。53．________________________，theproblemseemseasy.乍看起來，這個(gè)問題好像容易。54．Theprojecthadtobegivenup________________________money.由于缺錢，這項(xiàng)工程被迫放棄。第三部分：寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分27分)第一節(jié)：單句改錯(cuò)(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)閱讀下面的句子，每句中都有一處錯(cuò)誤。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。55．Givingbetterattention，theflowercouldhavegrownbetter.________56．Seeingfromthemountain，thecitylooksbeautiful.________57．Gonetherebycar，you'llarrivetomorrowevening.________58．Withthebabywelllookingafter，wecouldhavenothingtoworryabout.________59．Heleftthesmallislandwiththefireburnedheavily.________60．Youcantalktofriendswhohavetravelledtothecity，seeingacolourfilmaboutitorreadtravelbooksonit.________61．Withtheproblemalreadysettling，theywentbacktowork.________62．Theteamwithaboyleadthewaygottothevillageat10pm.________63．Shesentmeane-mail，hopedtogetfurtherinformation.________64．Waysmustbefoundpreventchildrenfromleavingofftheirstudies.________第二節(jié)：書面表達(dá)(滿分17分)最近你班將舉行一場題為Lifeinthefuture的討論會(huì)，請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)，寫一篇發(fā)言稿。1．隨著醫(yī)學(xué)的發(fā)展，人類的平均壽命將會(huì)達(dá)到120歲；2．由于新能源的出現(xiàn)，污染問題將得到控制；3．人們的日常生活也會(huì)有很大的變化，如機(jī)器人可以為你做家務(wù)；椅子的顏色也能夠隨著你所穿衣服的不同而改變；手機(jī)可以戴在手腕上，通話時(shí)可以看到對(duì)方；可以乘坐新型的電梯進(jìn)入太空度假。注意：1.詞數(shù)：120左右；2．可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案Unit3lifeinthefuture[名師原創(chuàng)·基礎(chǔ)卷]第Ⅰ卷第一部分第一節(jié)文章大意：本文主要介紹了關(guān)于改造火星計(jì)劃的設(shè)想。1.A解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Theplan：turnMarsintoablueworldwithstreamsandgreenfields，andthenfillitwithcreaturesfromtheearth.”可知這篇短文主要講的是關(guān)于改造火星計(jì)劃的設(shè)想。2.B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文所述，科學(xué)家反對(duì)這個(gè)設(shè)想的理由有：第四段第二句中“‘Wearedestroyingourownworldatanunbelievablespeedandnowwearetalkingaboutruininganotherplanet...'”和第五段第二句中“‘...thatwoulddestroyallthesenativelifeforms...'”以及第五段最后兩句。B項(xiàng)沒有提到。3.A解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“...scientistshavebecomeincreasinglyconfidentthattheywillfindMartianlifeforms.EuropeandAmerica'srobotexplorershavefoundproofthatwater，mixedwithsoil，existsinlargeamountsontheplanet.”可推知科學(xué)家越來越相信火星上存在生命，因?yàn)橛凶C據(jù)表明火星土壤中存在大量的水，故可斷定水是生命存在的關(guān)鍵因素。4.B解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后兩句“Inaddition...livingintheredplanet'ssoil.”可知，火星大氣層中存在甲烷的跡象，而甲烷是活著的生物產(chǎn)生的廢物并且可能是生活在火星土壤里的微生物產(chǎn)生的。故可得出結(jié)論：火星上可能存在微生物。第二節(jié)5.F解析：由下文“Problemsseemsmallerwhenyoutalkaboutthemwiththerightperson.”可知，有一個(gè)對(duì)的人對(duì)你來說很重要。6.B解析：由下文“Othertimesyouneedadviceonthings.”可知，有時(shí)你只是想聽到鼓勵(lì)的話。7.A解析：由下文“Friendshelpedyougetthroughsadnessordealwithdisappointment.”可知，家長教你停止壞習(xí)慣。8.E解析：由下文“Youmightgiveahandtoyourclassmatewhometdifficulty.”可知，此處是說你也會(huì)記得你幫助別人的時(shí)候。9.C解析：由上文“Therearealsotimeswhenyouneedtheextrahelpthataprofessionalcanprovidebest.”可知，當(dāng)你需要的時(shí)候求助于專業(yè)人士。第二部分第一節(jié)文章大意：一個(gè)小男孩由于腿部殘疾整天意志消沉，父親為了幫助他樹立自信心，讓兄弟姐妹們一起種樹，之后父親偷偷地幫助他，結(jié)果他的樹長得最好。小男孩找回了自信，長大后他沒有成為植物學(xué)家而是當(dāng)選為美國總統(tǒng)，他就是富蘭克林·羅斯福。10.B解析：由上文的“thoughthimselfasthemostunfortunatechildintheworld”可知，他“很少”和同學(xué)玩耍。11.C解析：根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)容可知，因?yàn)闅埣?，他缺少自信，所以?dāng)老師提問他的時(shí)候，他總是“低”著頭不說話。12.A解析：根據(jù)常識(shí)可知應(yīng)該是在“春天”種樹。13.C解析：下文的“Seeinghisbrothersandsisterswateringthetrees”可知，父親讓“孩子們”在房子前面一人種一棵樹。14.C解析：父親對(duì)孩子們說，誰種的樹苗長得最好，就給他/她買一個(gè)“禮物”。下文的“favoritegift”是線索提示。15.A解析：因?yàn)樗男值芙忝脗兌冀o樹苗澆水，而他行動(dòng)不便，于是他想出了一個(gè)主意：希望他的樹苗趕快“死”去。16.B解析：所以澆了一兩次水后，他就不再“照料”樹苗了。17.D解析：他本以為樹苗會(huì)枯萎，結(jié)果卻看到它長得很好，所以他感到“吃驚”。18.A解析：他是通過“比較”得到的結(jié)果：他種的樹比兄弟姐妹的更綠。19.C解析：由空后的“boughtthelittleboyhisfavoritegift”可知，父親遵守了他的“承諾”。20.B解析：按照常理，樹種得好應(yīng)該有希望成為“植物學(xué)家”。后文的“becomeabotanist”是線索提示。21.C解析：從那以后，小男孩慢慢變得“樂觀”了。22.B解析：他起床來到“院子”里，讓他吃驚的是他看到“父親”正給他的樹噴灑什么東西。23.C解析：他“父親”正給樹噴灑東西。故選C。24.A解析：父親的行為讓他“突然”明白他的樹苗之所以長得好，是因?yàn)楦赣H一直在“秘密地”給它施肥。25.D解析：因?yàn)椴恢栏赣H的行為，故用“秘密地”。26.B解析：他回到了自己的房間，感動(dòng)得“落淚”了。27.C解析：一個(gè)人的一生應(yīng)該是幾十年時(shí)間。decad