高一英語定語從句課件

GrammarTheRelativeClause定語(dìngyǔ)從句第一頁，共48頁。1定語從句(cónɡjù)的根本概念1

定語(dìngyǔ)從句是整個(gè)句子充當(dāng)定語(dìngyǔ),來修飾名詞或代詞。被定語(dìngyǔ)從句所修飾的詞叫先行詞，定語(dìngyǔ)從句一般緊跟先行詞。定從一般用關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)，關(guān)系詞在含義上替代先行詞,并在定語(dìngyǔ)從句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)成分。第二頁，共48頁。2定語從句的根本(gēnběn)概念2Themanwhocametoseemethismorningismycousin.今天(jīntiān)早晨來看我的人是我表弟.先行(xiānxíng)詞定語從句關(guān)系代詞作主語，不可省

第三頁，共48頁。3定語從句(cónɡjù)的根本概念3

關(guān)系代詞：代人:who〔主語(zhǔyǔ)/賓語〕，whom〔賓語〕代物:which〔主語(zhǔyǔ)/賓語〕代人或物:that(主語(zhǔyǔ)/賓語)Whose某人的/某物的,〔先行詞的所有格)；關(guān)系代詞在從句中做主語(zhǔyǔ)，不能省略;做賓語，可以省略。第四頁，共48頁。4定語從句(cónɡjù)的根本概念4

關(guān)系副詞：Where表示地點(diǎn)(dìdiǎn)，在定從中作地點(diǎn)(dìdiǎn)狀語;When表示時(shí)間，在定從中作時(shí)間狀語;Why表示原因，在定從中作原因狀語。第五頁，共48頁。5關(guān)系(guānxì)代詞whichwho/whomthat關(guān)系(guānxì)副詞whenwherewhy訣竅:先找定語從句所修飾的先行詞;再判斷定從里缺少(quēshǎo)成分嗎?如缺成分,缺的是什么成分?主語還是賓語?第六頁，共48頁。61.Doyouknowthelady

_____gaveusaspeechlastweek?(who,that)2.Thebook

______costme1,200yuanisanencyclopaedia.(which,that)第七頁，共48頁。73.Heisaman

_____weshouldlearnfrom.(whom,who,that,/)4.Thatistheplace

______Iwasborn.(where)第八頁，共48頁。815.Thetool

______heisworkingwithiscalledatinopener.(which,that,/)Thetoolwith_____heisworkingiscalledatin-opener.

(which)第九頁，共48頁。9eg:ThebookisforthepeoplewhosenativelanguageisnotEnglish.eg:whosecoverisred.Iboughtabook｛thecoverofwhichisred.ofwhichthecoverisred.eg:Childernwhoseparentsaredeadarecalledorphans.第十頁，共48頁。1016.Thegiftwassentbyherson____isservinginthearmy.(who,that)17.Thegiftwassentbyherson,whoisservinginthearmy.(16,限制性定從,限定作用(zuòyòng);17,非限制性定從,補(bǔ)充修飾作用(zuòyòng))第十一頁，共48頁。1118.Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass_____homesareinPudongnewarea?(whose)19.Theyhaveinvitedustovisittheirschool,whichisverykindofthem.(非限制性定從中的which還可以指代(zhǐdài)前面一句話!!!)第十二頁，共48頁。1220.Theroadwaswidened,whichwasexactlywhatwewanted.第十三頁，共48頁。13只用that,不能用which的5種情況(qíngkuàng)A.領(lǐng)先行詞是不定代詞(dàicí)時(shí)(anything，everything，nothing，all，little)1.Doyouhaveanythingthatyoudon’tunderstand?2.Everythingthatcanbedonehasbeendone.3.I’mnotinterestedinallthathetoldme.=I’mnotinterestedinwhathetoldme.〔賓從〕第十四頁，共48頁。14B.領(lǐng)先(lǐnɡxiān)行詞被最高級(jí)形容詞所修飾時(shí),1.ThisisthehighestbuildingthatIhaveeverseen.2.Doyouthinkthisisthemostpowerfulcomputerthathaseverbeeninvented?C.領(lǐng)先(lǐnɡxiān)行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)1.Thesecondquestionthatwasdiscussedatthemeetingwasthemostimportant.2.Thisisthelastbookthatisonmyreadinglist.第十五頁，共48頁。15D.領(lǐng)先(lǐnɡxiān)行詞被all，no，only，any，very，just，much等詞修飾時(shí)ThisistheverybookthatI’vebeenlookingfor.ThisistheonlyexamplethatIcangiveyou.第十六頁，共48頁。16E.領(lǐng)先(lǐnɡxiān)行詞由人和物共同組成Herearethepeopleandthebooksthat/OIlove.第十七頁，共48頁。17不能用that的兩種情況(qíngkuàng)A.在非限制性定語從句中1.We’vecollectedmanystamps,whichareallverynice.2.ThisnotewasleftbyMr.Wu,whowashereamomentago.B.在介詞(jiècí)后面1.Thisiscountrytowhichhewantstogo.2.Atourschool,thereareabout200foreignstudents,mostofwhomarefromEurope.第十八頁，共48頁。18ASAs也是關(guān)系代詞(dàicí)，用于1.Such…as…和thesame…as…結(jié)構(gòu)中Iwanttobuysuchaskirtasyouarewearing.Iwanttobuythesameskirtasyouarewearing.(比較:Iwanttobuythesameskirtthatyouarewearing.)第十九頁，共48頁。19AS2.或在非限制性定語從句中表示前面(qiánmian)整個(gè)句子.Shehasdoneagoodjob,asweallknow.Asweallknow,shehasdoneagoodjob.第二十頁，共48頁。20Way做先行(xiānxíng)詞?Way做先行詞,表示方式方法:定語從句(cónɡjù)中,可以用1.inwhich2.that3.O第二十一頁，共48頁。21Way做先行(xiānxíng)詞?1.WallanceandDarwinagreedontheway

inwhichdifferentformsoflifehadbegun.2.Thewayinwhichthesecomradeslookatproblemsiswrong.3.Thewaythatthesecomradeslookatproblemsiswrong.第二十二頁，共48頁。22Way做先行(xiānxíng)詞?4.Thewaythesecomradeslookatproblemsiswrong.5.Musiciansrarelyagreeonthewayapieceofmusicshouldbeplayed.第二十三頁，共48頁。23CLASSICALQUESTIONS@,@1.Theoldwomanhastwosons,oneof____isaprofessor.

2.Theoldwomanhastwosons,andoneof_____isaprofessor.(1.whom,2.them)第二十四頁，共48頁。24CLASSICALQUESTIONS@,@3.Doyouknowwhyhewasabsent?〔賓從〕4.Doyouknowthereasonwhyhewasabsent?〔定從〕5.Doyouknowthereasonwhich(that)mayexplainhisabsence?〔定語從句〕以上三句含義(hányì)相同，句式不同。第二十五頁，共48頁。25CLASSICALQUESTIONS@,@6.Thereasonthatyouwereillyesterdayisnotaccepted.〔你昨天生病的原因沒有(méiyǒu)被接受。〕這是一句“同位語〞從句的句子，“reason〞與“youwereillyesterday〞表達(dá)的是同等意思，因此關(guān)系詞不能用“which〞，只能用“that〞。第二十六頁，共48頁。26CLASSICALQUESTIONS@,@7.Thenewsthatourteamwonthegamemadeusexcited.〔我們隊(duì)贏的消息(xiāoxi)使我們沖動(dòng).同位語從句〕8.Thenewswhich(that)Iheardthroughtheradioisexciting.〔我從播送中聽到的消息(xiāoxi)令人沖動(dòng).定語從句〕第二十七頁，共48頁。27CLASSICALQUESTIONS@,@9.定語(dìngyǔ)從句中的插入語Hemadeaspeech,whichIthoughtwasofgreatimportance.Jimmyistheboy,whoeverybodybelieveswillwinthefirstprizeinthesingingcompetition.第二十八頁，共48頁。28CLASSICALQUESTIONS@,@在上述句子中，Ithought,everybodybelieves是插入語，還有Isuppose,everybodyknows等在定語從句中出現(xiàn)，容易受其迷惑而用錯(cuò)關(guān)系詞。比方(bǐfɑng)在上述第二句中就不能用“whom〞，因?yàn)椤皐ho〞是從句的主語，而“everybodybelieves〞是插入語。因此在有插入語的定語從句中，考慮用什么關(guān)系代詞或副詞時(shí)，可暫時(shí)不考慮插入語，以免受其迷惑。第二十九頁，共48頁。291Thejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailorninemonths,_____thesailingtimewas226days.(2004

全國(quánɡuó)卷)A.ofwhich

B.duringwhich

C.fromwhich

D.forwhich第三十頁，共48頁。302.Iworkinabusiness______almosteveryoneiswaitingforagreatchance.(2004湖南卷)A.how

B.which

C.where

D.that第三十一頁，共48頁。313.Manypeoplewhohadseenthefilmwereafraidtogototheforestwhentheyrememberedthescenes______peoplewereeatenbythetiger.

(2005廣東(guǎngdōng)卷)A.inwhich

B.bywhich

C.which

D.that第三十二頁，共48頁。324.We’rejusttryingtoreachapoint____bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.(2006山東(shāndōnɡ)卷)

A.where

B.that

C.when

D.which第三十三頁，共48頁。335.Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirst_______Ireallyenjoyed.(2006浙江(zhèjiānɡ)卷)A.ofthat

B.ofwhich

C.that

D.which第三十四頁，共48頁。346.Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,_______wantedtobuyit.(2007安徽卷)A.noneofthem B.bothofthem C.noneofwhom D.neitherofwhom第三十五頁，共48頁。357.Ericreceivedtrainingincomputerforoneyear,_____hefoundajobinabigcompany.(2007遼寧卷)A.afterthatB.afterwhichC.afteritD.afterthis第三十六頁，共48頁。361.Theperson_________________youshouldwritetoisMr.Ball.2.Thepersonto______youshouldwriteisMr.Ball.3.Thegames__________hecompetedinwereswimmingandshooting.4.Thegamesin______hecompetedwereswimmingandshooting.who/that/whomwhomwhich/thatwhichCompletethefollowingsentencesusingattributiveclauses.第三十七頁，共48頁。375.Thepoorboy_________lostbothhisparentslastyearliveswithhisgrandfather.6.Thisisthefactory_______________heworkedtenyearsago.7.Thisisthefactory___________makestoys.8.Heistheboy______familywaspoor.9.Thepen__________heiswritingnowwasboughtyesterday.who/thatwhere/inwhichwhosewhich/thatwithwhich第三十八頁，共48頁。38單句(dānjù)改錯(cuò)1.Anyonewhobreakthelawwillbeseverelypunished.2.Wecantakestepstocuttheamountofcarbondioxidethatsentoutintotheair.3.Heisoneofthestudentswhohasbeenpraisedbyourteacher.4.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohavebeenpraisedbyourteacher.第三十九頁，共48頁。39單句(dānjù)改錯(cuò)

5.Heboughtmanybooksyesterday,mostofthemarewritteninEnglish.6.Thewayinwhichhementionedatthemeetingisquitegood.7.Wewillneverforgetthedayswespentonthefarmthen.8.Hewasadmittedtoakeyuniversitylastyear,itmadehisparentsproud.第四十頁，共48頁。40定語(dìngyǔ)從句本卷須知學(xué)科：英語年級(jí)：高一內(nèi)容：語法專項(xiàng)學(xué)校：山丹一中教師(jiàoshī)姓名：鄒秀玲第四十一頁，共48頁。41定語從句(cónɡjù)本卷須知1.關(guān)系(guānxì)代詞代替先行詞在定從中作主語時(shí)，定從謂動(dòng)必須遵循時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)規(guī)那么。eg:Doyouknowthemanwhoistalkingtoourheadteacher?eg:Themountainclimberswhoweretrappedinthestormwerefinallysave