2022-2023學年內(nèi)蒙古包頭市高三上學期期末（零模）考試英語試卷

內(nèi)蒙古包頭市2023屆高三上學期期末（零模）考試英語試卷學校：___________姓名：___________班級：___________考號：___________

一、閱讀理解SinceearlyMay2022,casesofmonkeypox(猴痘)havebeenreportedfromcountrieswherethediseaseisnotendemic(地方性流行的)，andcontinuetobereportedinseveralendemiccountries.MostconfirmedcaseswithtravelhistoryreportedtraveltocountriesinEuropeandNorthAmerica,ratherthanWestorCentralAfricawherethemonkeypoxvirusisendemic.Thisisthefirsttimethatmanymonkeypoxcasesandclustershavebeenreportedconcurrentlyinnon-endemicandendemiccountriesinwidelydisparategeographicalareas.Clickhereformoreinformation.WHOiscollaboratingwithhealthauthoritiestopreventfurtherspreadofthedisease.Weareissuingguidancetohelpcountriesonsurveillance,laboratorywork,clinicalcare,infectionpreventionandcontrol,aswellasriskcommunicationandcommunityengagementtoinformcommunitiesatriskandthebroadergeneralpublicaboutmonkeypoxandhowtokeepsafe.Youcancatchmonkeypoxthroughclosecontactwithsomeonewhohassymptoms.Closecontactincludesskin-to-skin；face-to-face;mouth-to-skinandmouth-to-mouth.Youcanalsocatchmonkeypoxfromcontaminatedbedding,towels,surfacesorobjects.Protectyourself?Ifsomeoneyouknowisdiagnosedwithorhassuspectedmonkeypox,avoidclosecontactwiththem?Knowthesymptomsandcheckyourselfregularly?Ifyouhavesymptoms,seekhealthadviceandsef-isolatewhileyouwaittogettested?Getvaccinatedifitisavailabletoyou?Cleananddisinfect(將……消毒)environmentsthatcouldhavebeencontaminatedwiththevirusfromsomeonewhoisinfectious?Stayinformedaboutmonkeypoxinyourarea?Haveopen,non-judgmentalconversationswithpeopleyoucomeintoclosecontactwithaboutanysymptomsyouortheymayhaveProtectothersifyouarerecoveringfrommonkeypoxathome?Isolateinaseparateroom?Useaseparatebathroom,orcleananddisinfectit(withhouseholddisinfectant)aftereachuse?Cleanhandsfrequentlyusingsoapandwateroranalcohol-basedhandsanitizer?Cleananddisinfectfrequentlytouchedsurfacesandobjects?Don'tsweepandvacuum?Useseparatedishes,cups,bedding,towelsandelectronics.?Doyourownlaundry.Puteverythinginaplasticbagbeforecarryingittothewashingmachine.Usesoapandwater>60degrees.?Keepgoodventilation(通風)1、Whatshouldwedowheninteractingwithinfectedpeople?A.Talkwiththem.B.Gossipabouthowtheywereinfected.C.Befriendlyandshakehandswiththem.D.Disinfectsurfacesorobjectstouchedbythem.2、Ifyouarerecoveringfrommonkeypoxathome,whatareyousupposedtodotoprotectothers?A.Closewindows. B.Dolaundrywithyourfamily.C.Avoidsweepingandvacuuming. D.Don'tusethebathroom.3、Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Abook. B.Awebsite. C.Amagazine. D.Anadvertisement.Asintroductiontobackpackinggo,thismightbepushingit.AtnoononabrilliantTuesdayinMarch,my12-year-oldsonKaiandIareamileandahalfintoafour-day,27-milewalkthroughtheGrandCanyon(峽谷)一hisfirstbackpackingtrip—whenheasks,“Arewealmosttocamp?”Um,no.Camp,atHermitCreek,issevenmilesandnearly2,500feetbelow.Thatwilltakeusseveralmorehours.WeareherelargelybecauseofabirthdaynoteKaiwrotetometwoyearsagoinwhichhedeclared,“Youusedtobeawild10-year-oldlikemeandnowyou’reawild53-year-old.Wecandosomanythingstogether!IamexcitedforwhenI’moldenoughfortheGrandCanyon.”Thereare,Isuppose,dadswhocouldresistthat,justastherearefatherswhowouldplananexperience-appropriatetripfortheirsons.Iamneither,sohereweare.Nevermindthat;asidefromsimplybeing12,Kaihasdonealmostnothingtophysicallyprepareforthis.OrthatIhaven’tbackpackedfor13years.Wegodownapoorlymaintainedpathoffthecanyonwithtwistytreesandtwiningbushes.Graduallytheviewbroadens,thelandscapeinVishnufascinatesKaigreatly.“Thisplaceisamazing,”hesays.Nightfallinthecanyoncanbemagical.Darknesssurroundsus,pressedbycoolair.Hearingthesoundofawaterfall,weliedowntotakeinthestars.TwiceIsuggestweturnin.“Notyet,”Kaisays.“Thisistoounbelievable.”Wednesday,wetravelthreemilestoMonumentCreek,andhikeamileand1,000feetdowntotheColoradoRiver.Thenextmorningat7：30whenwemarchout,I’moptimistic,andKaisetsaquickpace.Friday,werisebeforedawnandarethefirstonesoutofcamp;foranhourwehavetheBrightAngelTrailanditssoaring(高聳的)scenerytoourselves.InthatbirthdaycardKaihadalsowritten,MEvenwhenyou’re100,youwillalwaysbewild.“Nice.IfI’mluckyenoughtomakeitthere,itlookslikeI’llhavecompany.4、Accordingtotheauthor,whydoeshegobackpackingintheGrandCanyonwithKai?A.Tofulfilltheauthor’sbirthdaywish.B.TodevelopKai’sstrongwill.C.Topromotethefather-and-sonrelationship.D.TosatisfyKai’sdesirefortheGrandCanyon.5、Whatcanweknowabouttheauthor?A.Heisenthusiasticaboutmeetingchallenges.B.Hehasbeenengagedinbackpackingforyears.C.Hefavorsanexperience-appropriatetripforhisson.D.Hetendstomakesufficientpreparationsforbackpackinginadvance.6、HowdoesKaiprobablyfeelduringthetrip?A.Exhausted. B.Excited. C.Relieved. D.Desperate.7、Whatdoesthelastparagraphimply?A.Kaihopeshisdadwilllivealonglife.B.Kaibelieveshisdadwillbewilderinthefuture.C.TheauthorenjoysKai’scompanyduringthetrip.D.Theauthordoubtswhetherhecanliveasoldas100.Ifyou’rereachingforthelastpieceofpizzaatapartyfandmeanwhileseeanotherhandgoingforit,yournextmoveprobablydependsonhowyoufeelandwhomthehandbelongsto.Yourlittlesisteryoumightjustgrabthepizza.Yourboss一youprobablywillgiveup.Nowresearchershavemadeprogressinunderstandinghowmammals’brainencodessocialrankandusesthisinformationtoshapebehaviors—suchaswhethertofightforthelastpizzaslice.Theydiscoveredthatanareaofthebraincalledthemedialprefrontalcortex(mPFC)wasresponsibleforrepresentingsocialrankinmammals；changestoamouse’smPFCaffecteditsdominancebehavior(支配行為).ButitwasunknownhowthemPFCrepresentedthisinformationandwhichneurons(神經(jīng)元)wereinvolvedinchangingdominancebehaviour.Inthenewstudy,ProfessorKayTyeletgroupsoffourmiceshareacage.Somemicebecamemoredominant(占優(yōu)勢的)andothersmoresubordinate.Assoonasthemicewerepairedup,hediscovered,theactivityoftheirmPFCneuronscouldpredict--with90percentcertainty—therankoftheiropponent.“Weexpectedanimalsmightonlysignalrankwhentheyareinacompetition，”saysco-researcherNancy.Butitturnsoutanimalswalkaroundwiththisrepresentationofsocialrankallthetime.WhentheresearchersnextaskedwhethertheactivityofthemPFCneuronswasassociatedwithbehaviour,theyfoundsomethingsurprising.Thebrainactivitypatternswerelinkedwithslightchangesinbehaviour,suchashowfastamousemoved,andtheyalsocouldpredict—afull30secondsbeforethecompetitionstarted—whichmousewouldwinthefoodreward.Thewinnerwasnotalwaysthemoredominant,buttheoneengagedinawinningmindset(心態(tài)).Justasyoumightsometimesbeinamorecompetitivemoodandbemorelikelytosnatchthatpizzaslicebeforeyourboss,asubordinatemousemightbeinamorewinningmindsetthanamoredominantmouseandendupwinning.TheareasofthemPFCassociatedwithsocialrankandwinningmindsetarenexttooneanotherandhighlyconnected.Signalsonsocialrankimpactthestateofthebraininvolvedinwinningmindset.Inotherwords,asubordinatemouse’sconfidenceandwinningmindsetmaypartiallydecreasewhenfacedwithadominantone."Thisisfurtherevidencetosuggestthatweareindifferentbrainstateswhenwearewithotherscomparedtowhenwe’realone,"saysTye.8、Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Toprovidebackgroundinformation.B.Tointroducethetopicofthispassage.C.Togivereadersanexampleofsocialrank.D.Tostatetheimportanceofsocialrank.9、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inparagraph5referto?A.ThemPFCneurons. B.Theresearchers.C.Thebrainactivitypatterns. D.Thechangesinbehaviour.10、Whatcanwelearnfromthenewstudy?A.Brainactivitiescaninfluencesocialrank.B.Dominantopponentsincreasewinningmindset.C.Animalsonlyexhibittheirrankincompetition.D.Socialrankandwinningmindsetaffectbehaviour.11、Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Winningmindsetestablishesdominance.B.Socialrankguidescompetitivebehaviour.C.Asubordinatemousecanneverbeenawinner.D.Differentpeoplearoundyoumakeyourbrainusedifferentneurons.Mickey,Minnie,DonaldDuck,Pinocchio,andmoreDisneycharactersallhavesomethingincommon—gloves.AlthoughtherearemanysurprisingfactsaboutDisney’scharacters,puttingglovesonthemisactuallyareasonablemove.Theshortanswerastowhysomanycharacterswearglovesisthatanimation(動畫制作)isadifficultprocess.Ittakestimeandeffortstocreatethecharactersyouknowandlove.Animatorswantedtomaketheirjobeasierandfasterwithafewtechniques.Oneofthesetechniqueswasusingroundedgesinsteadofangles.Sothisalsomeantmakingsomepartssimple,suchashands,tomaketheanimationprocessquicker.Still,intheageofblack-and-whitecartoons,separatingcharacters’round-edgedhandsfromtheirblackbodieswashard.Gloveswereaneasywaytomaketheirhandsstandout.Infact,WaltDisneymighthavebeenthefirsttoputglovesonhischaracters.Onceanimationmovedawayfromblackandwhite,Mickeyandhisfriendskepttheirwhitegloves.Besideskeepingtheanimationsimple,WaltDisneytoldhisbiographer,BobThomas,thattheglovesexistedforanotherreason:tomakethemousemorelikeahuman.“Wedidn’twanthimtohavemousehandsbecausehewassupposedtobemorehuman”DisneytoldThomasin1957.“Sowegavehimgloves.Fivefingersseemedliketoomuchonsuchalittlefigure,sowetookawayone.Thatwasjustonelessfingertoanimate.”AllthisDisney’stalkmakesuswanttogobackandlookatphotosofMickeyMouse.12、Whywereroundedgesusedinanimation?A.Theylookedmorebeautiful.B.Theycouldbecopiedmoreeasily.C.Theyweremorepopularwithchildren.D.Theycouldmakethecreatingjobeasier.13、WhatcanweknowaboutMickeyMouse?A.Itislikeahumanwithfivefingers.B.Itshandsaredifferentfromhumans’.C.Gloveshelpitstandoutamongallcharacters.D.Itworeglovesinthepastbutitdoesn’tnowadays.14、WhatdoestheDisney’stalkmakepeopledo?C.CountMickey’sfingers.CheckMickey’sgloves’color.15、Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.HowDisneycreatedhischaracters.B.WhatdifferenceDisneycharactershave.C.WhatmakesDisneycharacterssopopular.D.WhyDisneycharacterswearwhitegloves.二、七選五16、Aretheretoomanybooksyou’renevergoingtoreadagainonyourbookshelf?Whethertostartalittlelibrarywithyourbookpalsortoofferthemasgiftslotheyoungeronesisagooddeedtodo.①_______Donatingyouroldbooksisapainlesswaytogive.②_______It'llarrangeofflinebookfairnearyourplaceifbookedonline,andinmostcaseswillfetchthebooksfromyou.Books2AfricaacceptsnewandusedbooksinEnglish,FrenchandanyAfricanlanguages.③_______Mostofthemworkinmuchthesameway:youenteryourbook’sbarcode(條形碼)orISBNnumber,andthey,IItellyouitsvalue.Youpostyourbooks,andtheyofferpayment.OryoucantrycheckinghowmuchyourcopyisworthonAbeBooks.It’sworthrememberingthatbooksdon’thavetobeparticularlyoldtobevaluable.④_______Forsomethingabitmorecommunity-drivenytryjoiningabookexchange.BookMoochworksonapointssystem：youreceiveapointforeachLookyoumailtosomeoneelse,whichyoucanthen“spend”onsomeoneelse’sbook.⑤_______BookCrossingistheactofreleasingyourbooks“intothewild”,theaimbeingtoconnectpeoplethroughliterature.So,ifyouhaveapileofoldbooksgatheringdust,whynotmakethemworthwhileforsomeoneontheotherendoftheline?A.Abookinneedbringsafriendindeed.B.Andherearesomewaystogetridofthemonline.C.There’sapleasinglyrandomselectionofhooksonoffer.D.Bookshopsalsoacceptoldbooksaccordingtotheirvalues.E.TheChildren’sBookProjectaimstohelpbygiftingbooks.F.Sure,youcanlistyouroldbooksonthesecond-handonlinebookshops.G.Afirst-editionHarryPotterandthePhilosopher’sStonesisworth￡70,000.三、完形填空（20空）Beginningtolearngymnasticsevenbeforeshecouldbarelywalk,SvetlanahadalwaysdreamedtoentertheOlympicsscenesomeday.However,her1endedinthecaronthewindingroadwhenalorryappearedoutofnowhere.Thelastthingshe2wasablindingflashoflight.Inhospital,whentoldshewouldnever3again,shecouldn’tbelieveit.Threemonthslater,shewas4outofhospitalonawheelchair.ThenafriendcametoherhousetovisitherwithanoldChild'sstorybook.Abookmarkinitmadeher5topage117.Thenameofthe6was‘TheDayClarawalked’.Shewasdeterminedtoreturntostagewhateveritmightcost.7,afterayear'shardexercise,Svetlana8andwasabletodisplayhergymnaslics.Whileshewassittingonthegreenbench9theAthensStadium,memories10：first,thepainandthetears,thebookunderherpillow,thewordsofrelativesfullofadviceandcomfort,andthepityinthoseeyesthathadonceheld11forhertalent.Thenfollowedthetripstothegymwhereeveryonelookedon12,theirdisbelieftransformingslowlytowonder,13shecouldbalancethehoop(健身圈)aswellasherteammates.SheregisteredfortheOlympicGamesandfinallyshereceived14fromtheOlympicCommittee.Her15wasinterruptedbytheattendantwhosaid,“It’stime”,twowordsthatshehadbeen16tohearforsolong.Smoothingherdress,shewalkedintothestadium,each17firmandsteady.Everythingwas18，andtheapplauserangloudinherears,herhearthammeringviolentlyagainstherchest.Laterthatnight,Svetlanapulledthegoldmedaloutofherpocketandplaceditontheold19ontheshelf,whichopenedtopage117,tothechapter‘TheDayClaraWalked’,tears20hervision.17、A.intention B.career C.life D.dream18、A.experienced B.remembered C.forgot D.suffered19、A.see B.dance C.sing D.walk20、A.wheeled B.rocked C.thrown D.rushed21、A.open B.relate C.point D.adapt22、A.bookmark B.page C.character D.chapter23、A.Suddenly B.Definitely C.Surprisingly D.Certainly24、A.walked B.recovered C.picked D.grew25、A.opposite B.inside C.outside D.beneath26、A.floodedin B.fadedaway C.mixedup D.tookoff27、A.blame B.admiration C.fright D.regret28、A.nervously B.cheerfully C.doubtfully D.thankfully29、A.if B.but C.once D.as30、A.approval B.praise C.support D.comfort31、A.attempt B.plan C.thought D.sight32、A.content B.eager C.upset D.proud33、A.step B.wave C.breath D.look34、A.unexpected B.awful C.finished D.perfect35、A.hoop B.letter C.book D.dress36、A.fixing B.clouding C.rolling D.rushing四、語法填空37、Inancienttimes,buildersandarchitectsinBeijing①______(rely)onfivecolorstoaddlifetotheircreations：red,yellow,blue,white,andgray.Thesecolorswereconnected②______fivedifferentelements:metal,wood，water,fire,andearth.TheChinesesage(圣賢)Laozisaidthatfivecolorsmakepeopleblind,soinarchitecturalart,it’ssuggestedthatnomorethanthreemaincolorsshould③______(use)foradesign;otherwise,itwouldlooktoobusy.Thenred,yellowandbluegraduallybecamethemaincolorsintheForbiddenCity.Red,thecoloroffireandblood,haslongbeenimportantinChinesesymbolism.④______(traditional),redrepresentswarmthandthehighestamountofenergy.Theassociationofredwithgoodfortuneisthereason⑤______thecolorredisimportantinwedding,NewYears,andotherimportant⑥______(celebration).YellowwasanotherobviouscolorinoldBeijing,⑦______(stand)forthepowerofemperor.TheYellowEmperoristhemythological(神話的)forefatheroftheChinesenationwhilearchaeologistsfindthe⑧______(early)examplesofChinesecivilizationintheYellowRiverBasin.ThecolorbluesymbolizedheavenandheavenlyblessingswiththebestexampleoftherooftopsofstructuresattheTempleofHeaven.⑨______wasdiscoveredthatbluehadahighsensitivitytolight,andwastheperfectcolorused⑩______(create)copiesofdrawings.五、短文改錯38、假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文，文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(︿)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用(\)劃掉。修改:在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意:1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。Lastweekend,I,togetherwithsomeclassmates,goingtotheGreenFarmtoparticipateagrape-pickingactivity.Walkingthroughthe“GreenPassage”,wherewecametothegrapegardencoveredanareaof100mu.Toouramazed,wesawadvancedtechnologyandequipmentusingforefficientfarming.Everywhereoureyesfellwerebunchofgrapes,whichwereallredandpurple,shininglikepearlsinthesunshine.Notonlydidwecollectfruitsdirectlyfromtheplants,butalsoweenjoyableatelotsoffreshgrapesthere.Whatthisactivityhasgivenusisanuniquepleasure.Whatisalsoagreatopportunityforustogetclosetonature.六、書面表達39、假定你是李華，你校開展了豐富多彩的選修課。最近，你的英國朋友Jason寫信詢問你最喜歡的選修課一一中國茶藝課的相關情況，請你根據(jù)以下提示給他回復一封郵件：1.你喜歡中國茶藝課的原因；2.中國茶藝課的內(nèi)容和時間；3.學習中國茶藝課的收獲。注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearJason,IamawfullydelightedtolearnthatyouarekeenonChineseTeaArt._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

參考答案1、答案：D解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Protectyourself”中第一條注意事項“Ifsomeoneyouknowisdiagnosedwithorhassuspectedmonkeypox,avoidclosecontactwiththem.(如果你認識的人中有人被診斷患有或者疑似患有猴痘病，一定要避免與其近距離接觸)”以及第五條注意事項“Cleananddisinfectenvironmentsthatcouldhavebeencontaminatedwiththevirusfromsomeonewhoisinfectious(清潔和消毒可能被感染者污染的環(huán)境)”可知，當跟感染者有接觸時，應該消毒感染者接觸過的表面或者物體。故選D。2、答案：C解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Protectothersifyouarerecoveringfrommonkeypoxathome”中第二條“Useaseparatebathroom,orcleananddisinfectit(withhouseholddisinfectant)aftereachuse(浴室要分開或者每次使用后用家庭消毒劑清潔和消毒浴室)”可知，要清潔和消毒浴室，所以D.Don'tusethebathroom.(不使用浴室)錯誤；根據(jù)最后一條“Openwindows(開窗)”可知，要保持空氣流通，所以A.Closewindows.(關窗戶)錯誤；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二條“Doyourownlaundry.(自己洗衣服)”可知，衣物要分開洗，所以B.Dolaundrywithyourfamily.(跟家人的衣物一起洗)錯誤；根據(jù)第五條“Don'tsweepandvacuum(避免清掃和吸塵)”可知，C正確。故選C。3、答案：B解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句話“Clickhereformoreinformation.(點擊這里獲得更多的信息)”可知，這篇文章很可能來自網(wǎng)上。故選B。4、答案：D解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“WeareherelargelybecauseofabirthdaynoteKaiwrotetometwoyearsagoinwhichhedeclared,“Youusedtobeawild10-year-oldlikemeandnowyou’reawild53-year-old.Wecandosomanythingstogether!IamexcitedforwhenI’moldenoughfortheGrandCanyon.”(我們今天在這里，很大程度上是因為Kai兩年前寫給我的一張生日紙條，他在信中說：“你過去和我一樣是一個狂野的10歲孩子，現(xiàn)在你是一個狂野的53歲老人。我們可以一起做很多事情！當我長大到可以去大峽谷的時候，我很興奮?！?”可知，作者和兒子的這次徒步旅行是為了滿足Kai兩年前的愿望。故選D。5、答案：A解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Thereare,Isuppose,dadswhocouldresistthat,justastherearefatherswhowouldplananexperience-appropriatetripfortheirsons.Iamneither,sohereweare.Nevermindthat;asidefromsimplybeing12,Kaihasdonealmostnothingtophysicallyprepareforthis.OrthatIhaven’tbackpackedfor13years.(我想，有些父親會拒絕這樣做，就像有些父親會為兒子計劃一次適合他們體驗的旅行一樣。我都不是，所以就這樣了。沒關系；除了12歲，Kai幾乎沒有做任何身體上的準備?；蛘呶乙呀?jīng)13年沒背包了)”以及最后一段中兒子寫給父親的生日便條“Evenwhenyou’re100,youwillalwaysbewild.(即使你100歲了，你也會很狂野)”可推斷，作者熱衷于迎接挑戰(zhàn)。故選A。6、答案：B解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中Kai說的“Thisplaceisamazing.(這個地方太棒了)”以及“Thisistoounbelievable.(這太不可思議了)”可推斷，Kai在旅途中是非常激動的。故選B。7、答案：C解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“IfI’mluckyenoughtomakeitthere,itlookslikeI’llhavecompany.(如果我足夠幸運能夠活到那時，看起來我將會有人陪伴)”可推斷，作者喜歡Kai在旅途中的陪伴。故選C。8、答案：B解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Ifyou’rereachingforthelastpieceofpizzaataparty,andmeanwhileseeanotherhandgoingforit,yournextmoveprobablydependsonhowyoufeelandwhomthehandbelongsto.Yourlittlesister—youmightjustgrabthepizza.Yourboss—youprobablywillgiveup.Butifyou’rehungryandfeelingparticularlyconfident,youmightgoforit.”(如果你在派對上伸手去拿最后一塊披薩，同時看到另一只手在拿，你的下一步行動可能取決于你的感覺以及那只手屬于誰。如果是你妹妹——你可能就去拿披薩。如果是你的老板——你可能會放棄。但是如果你餓了并且感覺特別自信，你可能會去拿披薩。)結合之后文章提出大腦中一個叫做內(nèi)側前額葉皮質（mPFC）的區(qū)域負責代表哺乳動物的社會地位，可知作者寫第一段是為了引出一個主要話題。故選B項。9、答案：C解析：詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第五段“WhentheresearchersnextaskedwhethertheactivityofthemPFCneuronswasassociatedwithbehaviour,theyfoundsomethingsurprising.Thebrainactivitypatternswerelinkedwithslightchangesinbehaviour,suchashowfastamousemoved,and

they

alsocouldpredict—afull30secondsbeforethecompetitionstarted—whichmousewouldwinthefoodreward.”(當研究人員再次詢問mPFC神經(jīng)元的活動是否與行為有關時，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些令人驚訝的事情。大腦活動模式與行為的輕微變化有關，例如老鼠移動的速度，它們還可以在比賽開始前整整30秒預測哪只老鼠會贏得食物獎勵。)可知研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)大腦活動模式與行為密切相關，劃線部分的“they”指的是大腦活動模式。故選C項。10、答案：D解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“TheareasofthemPFCassociatedwithsocialrankand“winningmindset”arenexttooneanotherandhighlyconnected.Signalsonsocialrankimpactthestateofthebraininvolvedin“winningmindset”.Inotherwords,asubordinatemouse’sconfidenceand“winningmindset”maypartiallydecreasewhenfacedwithadominantone.”(mPFC中與社會地位和“獲勝心態(tài)”相關的區(qū)域彼此相鄰，高度相關。社會等級的信號會影響“獲勝心態(tài)”的大腦狀態(tài)。換句話說，當面對占優(yōu)勢的老鼠時，從屬老鼠的信心和“獲勝心態(tài)”可能會部分下降。)可知社會地位和獲勝心態(tài)可能會影響心態(tài)，從而影響行為。故選D項。11、答案：D解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Ifyou’rereachingforthelastpieceofpizzaataparty,andmeanwhileseeanotherhandgoingforit,yournextmoveprobablydependsonhowyoufeelandwhomthehandbelongsto.Yourlittlesister—youmightjustgrabthepizza.Yourboss—youprobablywillgiveup.”(如果你在派對上伸手去拿最后一塊披薩，同時看到另一只手在拿，你的下一步行動可能取決于你的感覺以及那只手屬于誰。如果是你妹妹——你可能就去拿披薩。如果是你的老板——你可能會放棄。)；再根據(jù)倒數(shù)第一段““Thisisfurtherevidencetosuggestthatweareindifferentbrainstateswhenwearewithotherscomparedtowhenwe’realone,”saysTye.”(Tye說，這是進一步的證據(jù)表明，當我們和別人在一起時，與我們獨自一人時相比，我們的大腦狀態(tài)是不同的。)可知，我們大腦的神經(jīng)元會隨著周圍不同的人而發(fā)生改變。故選D項。12、答案：D解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Oneofthesetechniqueswasusingroundedges（邊）insteadofangles.Sothisalsomeantmakingsomepartssimple,suchashands,tomaketheanimationprocessquicker.(其中一種技術就是用圓邊代替角。所以這也意味著制作一些簡單的部分，如手，使動畫過程更快。)”可知，圓邊可以讓制作過程更快捷，所以使用圓邊是因為他們可以使創(chuàng)造工作更容易。故選D項。13、答案：B解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Fivefingersseemedliketoomuchonsuchalittlefigure,sowetookawayone.Thatwasjustonelessfingertoanimate.(對于這么小的身材，五根手指似乎太多了，所以我們拿走了一根。那只是少了一個手指)”可知，米老鼠的手與人類的手不同。故選B項。14、答案：C解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“AllthisDisney’stalkmakesuswanttogobackandlookatphotosofMickeyMouse.(迪士尼的這些言論讓我們不禁想回去看看米老鼠的照片)”可推知，人們讀到這里會去看看米老鼠的照片，數(shù)數(shù)它的手指。故選C項。15、答案：D解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Mickey,Minnie,DonaldDuck,Pinocchio,andmoreDisneycharactersallhavesomethingincommon—gloves.AlthoughtherearemanysurprisingfactsaboutDisney’scharacters,puttingglovesonthemisactuallyareasonablemove.(米奇、米妮、唐老鴨、皮諾曹和更多的迪斯尼人物都有一個共同點——手套。雖然迪士尼的角色有很多令人驚訝的事實，但給他們戴上手套其實是一個合理的舉動)”分析全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了迪士尼的卡通人物都戴手套的原因。故選D項。16、答案：①-⑤BEFGC解析：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幾種可以在網(wǎng)上處理家中舊書的方式。①B空前講你的書架上是不是有太多你再也不會去讀的書?無論是與你的書友一起建一個小圖書館，還是把它們作為禮物送給年輕的朋友，都是一件好事。下文介紹了幾種處理舊書的方式。B項“這里有一些在網(wǎng)上處理它們的方法”承上啟下，符合語境。故選B。②E空前講捐贈舊書是一種輕松的捐贈方式;空后講如果你在網(wǎng).上預訂，它會在你家附近安排線下書展，在大多數(shù)情況下，它會從你那里取書。E項“兒童書籍項目旨在通過贈書來(給他人)提供幫助”承接上文，符合語境。故選E。③F空后講大多數(shù)網(wǎng)上書店以大致相同的方式運營:你輸入你的書的條形碼或標準書號，它們就會告知你書的價值。F項“當然，你可以在網(wǎng)上二手書店列出你的舊書”引出下文，符合語境。故選F。④G空前講值得記住的是書籍不必非是特別古老才有價值。G項“《哈利波特與魔法石》的初版價值就7萬英鎊”緊承上文，符合語境。故選G。⑤C空前講BookMooch采用的是積分系統(tǒng):你每郵寄一本書給別人，你就會得到一個積分，然后你可以(用這些積分)購買別人的書。C項“(你可以)隨意挑選所提供的書籍”緊承上文，符合語境。故選C。17、答案：D解析：考查名詞及語境理解。意圖職業(yè)生命夢想。根據(jù)文章第一段中的"SvetlanahadalwaysdreamedtoentertheOlympicsscenesomeday"可知，然而，當一輛卡車不知從何處出現(xiàn)時，她的夢想在蜿蜒的道路上的汽車里結束了。這里應指Svetlana的"夢想"破滅。故選D項。18、答案：B解析：考查動詞及語境理解。經(jīng)歷記得忘記遭受。由前文'endedinthecar"以及句意可知，故事的主人翁遇上了車禍，在昏迷之前她只"記得"燈光的一閃。故選B項。19、答案：D解析：考查動詞及語境理解?？匆娞璩叫小８鶕?jù)下文"onawheelchair"可推斷,"她當時應該是不能走"動了。故選D項。20、答案：A解析：考查動詞及語境理解。推(或拉)有輪之物輕輕搖晃拋出;極速行駛。根據(jù)下文"onawheelchair"可推斷，她是被用輪椅"推"了出來。故選A項。21、答案：A解析：考查動詞及語境理解。打開聯(lián)系指出適應。后文"whichopenedtopage(117)"可知,這里指在里面的一張書簽使到她把書本打開"到117頁。故選A項。22、答案：D解析：考查名詞及語境理解。書簽頁色章節(jié)。后文"thechapterTheDayClaraWalked"可知，這里指"翻到這一章節(jié)"。故選D項。23、答案：C解析：考查副詞及語境理解。突然地絕對地令人驚訝地當然地。由后文"wasabletodisplayhergymnastics"可知，前文講的是她由于車禍不能走路了，這卻說她恢復了并且能夠展示她的體操，故此這是一個"令人驚訝的"轉變。故選C項。24、答案：B解析：考查動詞/短語及語境理解。A.walked(up)走上恢復;C.picked(up)拾取，學會;D.grew(up)長大。由前文"Beginningtolearngymnasticsevenbeforeshecouldbarelywalk"可知，這里表示Svetlana恢復后重新"學習"體操。故選C項。25、答案：C解析：考查介詞及語境理解。與…...相對;B.in內(nèi)部在…...外面;在下方。根據(jù)后文"shewalkedintothestadium"可知，她當時還沒有進入體育館的，還是"在外面"，故選C項。26、答案：A解析：考查動詞詞組及語境理解。A.floodedin涌進;B.fadedaway消失;C.mixedup混合;D.tookoff起飛。由后文"first,thepainandthetears,thebookunderherpillow"可知，Svetlana觸景生情，思緒和記憶"涌進"腦海。故選A項。27、答案：B解析：考查名詞及語境理解。責備欽佩驚嚇后悔。由前文"Beginningtolearngymnasticsevenbeforeshecouldbarelywalk"可知，由于在她還沒有出車禍以前，她是一個很有潛力的體操運動員,故其他人對她的期望很高,而且也很"欽佩"贊賞她的才華。故選B項。28、答案：C解析：考查副詞及語境理解。緊張地高興地懷疑地感激地。后文"theirdisbelief"可知，剛開始每個人都不相信她，對她充滿"懷疑"。故選C項。29、答案：D解析：考查連詞及語境理解。如果但是一但因為。后文"shecouldbalancethehoop(健身圈)aswellasherteammates."以及結合語境可知，然后去了體育館，每個人都懷疑地看著她，他們的不相信慢慢地轉變?yōu)槠孥E，因為她能像隊友一樣平衡健身圈。前后兩句有因果關系，此處用as作為連詞，意思是"因為"。故選D項。30、答案：A解析：考查名詞及語境理解。批準贊揚支持安慰。根據(jù)上文"finally"一詞可得到提示，夫不負有心人,她的努力終于得到了回報，奧委會"批準"了她的申請。故選A項。31、答案：C解析：考查名詞及語境理解。嘗試計劃思緒視線。由前文"memories(10)"可知，前文提及她當時是在回想以前的事,由此句中interrupted一詞可知，當時她的"思緒"被打斷了。故選C項。32、答案：B解析：考查形容詞及語境理解。滿意的急切的，渴望的傷心的自豪的。根據(jù)前文"SheregisteredfortheOlympicGames"可知，她渴望重新進入奧運賽場,故"It'stime"這個宣布比賽開始的句子也是她一直渴望"聽到的"。故選B項。33、答案：A解析：考查名詞及語境理解。步驟波呼吸看。由前文"learngymnastics"可知，作為體操運動員上臺表演，按常理應該指是每一"步驟"很穩(wěn)。故選A項。34、答案：D解析：考查形容詞及語境理解。意外的l可怕的已完成的完美的。根據(jù)后文的"theapplauserangloud"可得到提示，她的表現(xiàn)是"完美的"。故選D項。35、答案：C解析：考查名詞及語境理解。圈字母書連衣裙。由前文"withanoldChild'sstorybook"和后文"whichopenedtopage117,tothechapter'TheDayClaraWalked'"可知，當晚晚些時候，Svetlana從口袋里掏出金牌，放在書架上的舊書上，這本書打開到第117頁,是克拉拉走路的日子"一章,淚水模糊了她的視線。這里指的是前文提到的"書"。故選C項。36、答案：B解析：考查動詞及語境理解。安裝使模糊滾動極速行駛。由前文"thegoldmedal"可知，當她最終獲獎后，再次看到了那個章節(jié)的時候，她受到感動了，故眼淚"模糊"了她的視線。故選B項。37、答案：①relied②to/with③beused④Traditionally⑤why⑥celebrations⑦standing⑧earliest⑨It⑩tocreate解析：①考查動詞時態(tài)。句意:在古代，北京的建筑家和建筑師依靠五種顏色為他們的作品增添活力:紅色、黃色、色、白色和灰色。動詞rely"依靠"所指的動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生,要用一般過去時。故填relied。②考查固定搭配。句意:這些顏色與五種不同的元素相連:金屬、木材、水、火和土。beconnectedto/with"與相連，有聯(lián)系",是固定搭配。故填to/with。③考查動詞語態(tài)。句意:中國圣賢老子說，五種顏色會使人眼花，所以在建筑藝術中，建議設計時使用的主色不超過三種。use"使用"，與colors構成動賓關系,要用被動語態(tài)。故填beused。④考查副詞。句意:傳統(tǒng)上