Unit+8+Section+A+（GrammarFocus-4c） 人教版八年級英語下冊

Unit8Haveyouread

TreasureIslandyet?SectionAGF-4c---DoyouknowthemovieTheWanderingEarth?---Yes.Ihaveseen

it.---Ishehungry?---No,heisn't.Hehaseatenbreakfast.---Istheboycleaninghisclothes?

---No.He

has

justcleaned

hisclothes.---DoyouknowthemovieTheWanderingEarth

?---Yes.Ihaveseenit.---Ishehungry?---No,heisn't.Hehas

eatenbreakfast.看的動(dòng)作結(jié)束。對現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是:我知道內(nèi)容了。吃的動(dòng)作結(jié)束。對現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是:他不餓。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。---Istheboycleaninghisclothes?---No.Hehasjust

cleanedhisclothes.“洗衣服”是發(fā)生在過去的動(dòng)作，對現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是:衣服干凈了。---Doyouhavemid-termexamatyourschool?---Yes.wehavealreadyfinishedit.(我們舉行過。對現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是:有結(jié)果，知道分?jǐn)?shù)和名次了。)---HasthebabyreadLittleWomen?---No,shehasn't.Shehasneverreadthebook.(她沒有讀過。對現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是:她不知道這本書講了什么內(nèi)容。)HaveyoureadLittleWomenyet?Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven’t.HasTinareadTreasureIslandyet?Yes,shehas.Shethinksit’sfantastic.Haveyoudecidedwhichbooktowriteaboutyet?Yes,Ihave.I’vealreadyfinishedreadingit.Itwasreallygood.找出現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)并劃線

Whatadverbsareoftenusedwiththepresentperfecttense?alreadyandyet.GrammarFocus助動(dòng)詞have(has）+過去分詞done現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句式結(jié)構(gòu)

肯定句：否定句：一般疑問句：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句式結(jié)構(gòu)主語+have/has+過去分詞主語+have/has+not\never+過去分詞Have/Has+主語+過去分詞肯定回答：否定回答：Yes,主語+have/has.No,主語+have/has+not.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)助動(dòng)詞have(has）+過去分詞done1.規(guī)則變化（與動(dòng)詞過去式規(guī)則一樣，此類稱作規(guī)則動(dòng)詞）一般在詞尾直接加-ed以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的，加–d以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，改y為i加-ed重讀閉音節(jié)以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的，雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母后加–edwork→workedslice→slicedstudy→studiedstop→stopped-ed的讀音規(guī)則：①在元音或濁輔音后讀[d]，如tried[tra?d]，lived[l?vd]。②在清輔音后讀

[t]，如worked[w??kt]，stopped[st?pt]。③在[t][d]后讀[?d]，如mended[mend?d]，wanted[w?nt?d]。過去分詞的構(gòu)成2.不規(guī)則變化（此類稱作不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞，有很多）原形（不定式）過去式過去分詞bewas/werehavehadchoosechoseputputrunran參看課本P136-137IrregularVerbs（不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表）過去分詞的構(gòu)成beenhadchosenputrunsee-saw-seen;be-was,were-beeneat-ate-eaten;break-broke-brokengo-went-gone;take-took-takensend-sent-sent;find-found-foundmake-made-made;have-had-hadv.-ed

的變化形式大部分與動(dòng)詞過去式形式相同，但是不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化形式?jīng)]有規(guī)律，需要記憶1.Ihaveseenit.2.Hehaseaten

breakfast.3.Hehas

just

cleanedhisclothes.4.Wehavealready

finishedit.5.Shehasneverreadthebook.6.I’ve

already

finishedreadingit.

(GrammarFocus中的)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中副詞的用法區(qū)別1.just剛剛,2.never從未3.ever曾經(jīng)，以前(疑問句)

before

以前(肯定&否定句)4.already已經(jīng)(肯定句),

5.yet已經(jīng)（一般疑問句末）,6.yet

還(否定句句末)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常和副詞already(已經(jīng))，yet(還，已經(jīng))，never(從不)，ever(曾經(jīng))，before(以前)，just(剛剛，僅僅)等連用。1.Eddie剛剛吃了我的食物。2.我以前從未聽說過那件事。

3.你曾經(jīng)騎過馬嗎？

4.她早已經(jīng)完成這個(gè)工作了。5.你已經(jīng)洗過衣服了嗎？6.我們還沒有完成作業(yè)呢。Eddiehasjusteatenmyfood.Ihaveneverheardofthatbefore

.Haveyoueverriddenahorse?Shehasalreadyfinishedthework.Wehaven’tfinishedourhomeworkyet.Haveyouwashedyourclothesyet?現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中副詞的用法區(qū)別1.just剛剛,2.never從未3.ever曾經(jīng)，以前(疑問句)

before

以前(肯定&否定句)4.already已經(jīng)(肯定句),

5.yet已經(jīng)（一般疑問句末）,6.yet

還(否定句句末)1.我看過這部電影。2.我上星期看了這部電影。3.1992年以來他一直住在這里。4.1992年他住在這里。5.我上周末去過那個(gè)公園。

6.我以前去過那個(gè)公園。Ihaveseenthefilm.Isawthefilmlastweek.Hehaslivedheresince1992.

Helivedherein1992.Iwenttotheparklastweekend.Ihavebeentotheparkbefore.我了解這部電影的內(nèi)容。只說明上星期看了這部電影，不涉及現(xiàn)在的情況。他現(xiàn)在還住在這里。不涉及他現(xiàn)在是否還住在這里。只說明上周末去過公園，不涉及現(xiàn)在的情況。我了解這個(gè)公園?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的用法比較1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的情況，所以它不能和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用2.一般過去時(shí)只表示過去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生聯(lián)系，它可以和上過去的時(shí)間狀語連用?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般過去時(shí)用法時(shí)間狀語表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響，側(cè)重于現(xiàn)在的情況。表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)候發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)。常和already,yet,just,ever,never,before,since,

for等連用。常和yesterday,lastweek,justnow,in2012,twodaysago等具體的表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)VS一般過去時(shí)Usethewordsinbracketstocompletetheconversations.1.A:Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?B:No,thanks.___________________

(just/drinksometea)2.A:Iheardyoulostyourkey.___________________?(find)B:No,notyet.3.A:DoyouknowwhenTomisleaving?B:________________.(already/leave)A:When____________?(leave)B:Thismorning.4.A:Isyoursistergoingtothemovieswithustonight?B:No.________________________.(already/seethefilm)5.A:Whatdoyourparentsthinkaboutourplan?B:I__________________.(not/tellthem/yet)I’vejustdrunksometea.HaveyoufoundityetHehasalreadyleftdidheleaveShehasalreadyseenthefilmhaven’ttoldthemyet4aTip1.Readthecontext(上下文).Tip2.Payattentiontothecluewords“adverbsoftime

"(時(shí)間狀語)Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinbrackets.Sally______(love)reading.Inthemorning,shereadsthenewspaperandintheeveningshereadsbooks.She_____already______(read)morethan100differentbooks!Herfavoritekindofbooksissciencefiction.Sheisinterestedinscienceandtechnology

andlovestoimaginewhattheworld_______(be)likein50years.She________(finish)readingabookaboutrobotslastweekand___________(write)abookreportaboutitnextweekforherFrenchclass.Everytimesheisinthelibrary,Sallylooksatthemanybooksshe__________(notread)yet