Module+12+Grammar 外研版九年級英語上冊

Module12SaveourworldPartIIGrammar構(gòu)詞法英語構(gòu)詞法主要有三種：

合成、派生與轉(zhuǎn)化。

英語構(gòu)詞法種類另外縮寫和簡寫也是構(gòu)詞法的一種。１.合成

:有兩個或更多的詞合成一個詞。復(fù)合名詞class+room=classroom(名詞+名詞)armchair,birthplace,copybook,doorbell,eyesight,handshake,iceberg,keyboard,landlord,necklace,salesman,sunset,teamwork,viewpoint,wheelchairblack+board=blackboard(形容詞+名詞)復(fù)合形容詞/其他world+wide=worldwide

世界性的hard+working=hard-working努力工作的warm-hearted,good-looking,well-known,smoke-free,three-dayholiday,ten-year-oldboy,highway,sightseeing,handwriting,however,update,whatever,sleeping-pills2.派生

:

是通過在詞根上加前綴或者后綴構(gòu)成一個新詞。happy---unhappydevelop---development(A)表示否定的前綴：

un---unfair,unhappy

in----inactive(常用在adj.后)

dis----disagree,disappear,dislike

im----impolite,impossible(用在b,p,m開頭的詞前)

re--retell，rewrite，reuse1.動詞變名詞：-tioneducate--education,invite---invitation,predict---prediction-mentdevelopment,movement,disappointment-erteacher,worker,runner,singer-or

visitor,sailor,tutor,actor名詞后綴補充:-ist

(人,名詞后綴)science--scientist,terror--terrorist2.形容詞變名詞-nessgood—goodness,happy-happiness,busy-business,care—careless--carelessness-ityable--ability,possible--possibility

3.名詞變形容詞：-ful:

helpful,careful,peaceful,colorful-less:homeless,helpless,careless,useless4.其他：-able：enjoyable，comfortable3.轉(zhuǎn)化

:

是指有一種詞類轉(zhuǎn)化為另一種詞類。單詞轉(zhuǎn)化后的意義往往與之前的意義聯(lián)系密切.

watern.

水------watervt.

澆水常見的轉(zhuǎn)化形式：動詞---名詞名詞---動詞形容詞---名詞動詞-----------名詞talkv.說話-------n.談話stopv.

停止

-------n.車站watchv.

觀看

-----------n.

手表lookv.

看

----havealookn.

看

walkv.散步,走---takeawalkn.散步lovev.愛---

yourloven.

愛

名詞----------------動詞

handn.

手

---vt.

上交seatn.

座位

---vt.

坐nursen.

護士

---vt.

護理oiln.

油

---vt.

上油timen.

時間

------vt.

定時，測時shown.

展示,秀—--vt.表演,秀-

形容詞--------------------動詞open(adj.

開著的)—open(v.開)clean(adj.

清潔的)-----clean(v.打掃)slow(adj.

慢的)---slow(v.

放慢)

形容詞--------------------名詞black(adj.黑色的)—black(n.黑人/色)Exercise：按要求轉(zhuǎn)換下列詞形。1.waste(形容詞)________________ 2.helpful(反義詞)________________3.reusable(動詞)________________ 4.possible(反義詞)________________5.success(形容詞)________________ 6.care(形容詞)________________7.comfortable(反義詞)________________ 8.hope(形容詞)________________9.agree(反義詞)________________ 10.like(反義詞)________________wastefulhelplessreuseimpossiblesuccessfulcareful/carelessuncomfortablehopeful/hopelessdisagreedislike、unlike用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Weoftenlookupnewwordsinthedictionary.Itisa___________(use)tool.2.Itis___________(polite)tospeakloudlyinpublicplaces.3.Theboyis____________(energy).Heisalwaysmovingaround.4.Jimwas____________(happy).Hedidn’tpasstheexam.5.Jim’splanseemed_____________(hope),buthefinisheditintheend.usefulimpoliteenergeticunhappyhopelessPartIIIExercise（一）根據(jù)題目要求，完成下列句子。1.這些垃圾對我們的環(huán)境有害。Therubbish_____________________________ourenvironment.2.你將廢棄物分成要回收的和需要丟棄的嗎？Doyou_________thewaste__________thingstorecycleandthingsto________________?isbadfor/isharmfulto/doesharmtodivideintothrowaway3.somuch,they,aswell,causepollution,use,and,oil(他們使用如此多的石油，也會造成污染。)___________________________________________________Theyusesomuchoilandcausepollutionaswell.4.turnoff,don’t,you,the,when,lights,leave,forgetto(你離開時別忘了關(guān)燈。)____________________________________________5.談?wù)撐覀儾荒茏龅氖虑槭菦]有用的。(nouse)____________________________________________Don'tforgettoturnoffthelightswhenyouleave.It'snousetalkingaboutwhatwecan'tdo.（二）翻譯階梯。1.地球

保護地球

我們應(yīng)該保護好地球。

earthprotecttheearthWeshouldprotecttheearthwell.2.水和電

節(jié)約水和電

節(jié)約水和電很重要。waterandelectricitysavewaterandelectricityIt'sveryimportanttosavewaterandelectricity.3.

盡力保護我們的地球

我們的生活將會越來越好

如果我們盡力保護地球，我們的生活將會越來越好。TryourbesttoprotectourearthOurlifewillbebetterandbetter.Ifwetryourbesttoprotecttheearth,ourlifewillbebetterandbetter.出門測一、根據(jù)句中單詞劃線選出中文意思（每題1分，共5分）。( )1.Hereusedthenewspaperhehadreadtowrapthebook.A.加工 B.再次使用 C.拒絕 D.回收( )2.Sorry,Icouldn’thearyou,couldyoupleaserepeatwhatyousaid?A.再循環(huán) B.大聲地說 C.重說 D.強調(diào)( )3.Thetrainistravelingatarapidpace.A.快速的 B.緩慢的 C.輕盈的 D.勻速的( )4.Ifelthopeless.Thisjobisnoteasy.A.絕望的 B.有希望的 C.有前途的 D.有潛質(zhì)的( )5.Theshopsellsdifferentkindsofcloth.A.衣服 B.布料 C.絲綢 D.襯衫BCAAB二、詞匯單選（每題1分，共5分）。()1.Allofuswanttodomoreworkwith_______timeand_______workers.A.fewer;less B.less;fewer C.more;much D.less;more()2.Recyclingisgood,sopleasedon’t_______bottlesornewspapers.A.findout B.handin C.useup D.throwaway()3.Itis_______ifyouonlyuseonesideofthepaper.A.wasteful B.hopeless C.necessary D.unnecessary()4.Shoppingbagshouldn’tbethrownaway.Weshould_______them.A.buy B.borrow C.reuse D.repair()5.—Whatwouldyouliketodrink?—I’dlikethree________.A.bottleofjuice B.bottleofjuices C.bottleofjuice D.bottleofjuicesBDACC三、詞形轉(zhuǎn)換（每題1分，共5分）。1.Itis_____________(waste)tothrowsomuchfoodaway.2.Hefelt_____________(hope)whenhesawallthepeopleleave.3.Water_____________(pollute)isquiteseriousinthisarea.4.Ourcityisbuildingmany_____________(recycle)centerstopreventwaste.5.It’salmost_____________(possible)forhertofinishthatworkin2hours.was