新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)4第5單元

Book4Unit5

SectionAChoosetoBeAloneonPurpose

SectionBRoommateConflicts

I.TeachingObjectives:

Studentswillbeableto:

a.Sharetheirideasofpersonalrelationships.

b.Learntounderstandmodernpatternsofinterrelationships,e.g.livingalone,sharingaroomwith

othersandarrangedmarriage,etc.

c.Learntounderstandandappreciatetheideasinthetext.

d.Developtheirabilityinunderstandingreadingtextsandlisteningmaterials.

e.Developtheirabilityinexpressingtheirideasinbothspokenandwrittenform.

ILTeachingTime(6periods)

III.TeachingMethod

Task-basedapproach,communicativeapproach

IV.TeachingProcess

Step1QuestionsforDiscussion

1)Doyousometimeswanttobealone?

2)Inwhatsituationyouchoosetobealone?

3)Whatcanyoubenefitfrombeingalone?

4)Whatisthedisadvantageofbeingalone?

Step2BackgroundInformation

LonelyPoetsandPhilosophers:

1.HenryDavidThoreau(1817-1862)USthinker,essayist,andnaturalist.

ThoreaugraduatedfromHarvardUniversityandtaughtschoolforseveralyearsbeforeleaving

hisjobtobecomeapoetofnature.Intheyears1845-1847,todemonstratehowsatisfyingasimplelife

couldbe,helivedinahutbesideConcord'sWaldenPond;essaysrecordinghisdailylifewere

assembledforhismasterwork,Walden,orLifeintheWoods(1854).

FamousquotationsbyHenryDavidThoreau:

*Theyouthgetstogetherhismaterialstobuildabridgetothemoon,or,perchance(偶然,恐怕),a

palaceortempleontheearth,and,atlength,themiddle-agedmanconcludestobuildawoodshed(貯

放柴薪的木棚)withthem.

*Booksarethetreasuredwealthoftheworldandthefitinheritanceofgenerationsandnations.

*Books,notwhichaffordusacowering(畏縮，退縮)enjoyment,butinwhicheachthoughtisof

unusualdaring;suchasanidlemancannotread,andatimidonewouldnotbeentertainedby,which

evenmakeusdangeroustoexistinginstitution-suchcallIgoodbooks.

*Ifyouhavebuiltcastlesintheair,yourworkneednotbelost;thatiswheretheyshouldbe.Nowput

thefoundationsunderthem.

*Theheartisforeverinexperienced.

*Thereisnoremedyforlovebuttolovemore.

*Inhumanintercoursethetragedybegins,notwhenthereismisunderstandingaboutwords,butwhen

silenceisnotunderstood.

2.JohnMilton(1608-1674)Englishpoet,oneofthegreatestpoetsoftheEnglishlanguage.

MiltonwasborninLondononDecember9,1609asthesonofawealthynotary(公證人).He

waseducatedatSt.Paul'sSchool.MiltonreceivedaMaster'sdegreefromCambridgeUniversityin

1632.In1638,heundertookaEuropeantourwherehemetmanyofthemajorthinkersoftheday,

especiallyinItaly.

OnhisreturntoEngland,MiltonbecameaPuritan,andanopponentoftheCatholicsandofthe

Stuarts.Hewasalsoanardentpolemicist(善辯論者)，afollowerofCromwell,andthelatter'sforeign

languagesecretary.In1652hebecamecompletelyblind.Hisfirstwifediedin1652andheremarried

in1656.

AftertherestorationoftheStuartshesufferedconsiderablepersecution.Hewithdrewfrom

activeparticipationinpoliticsandconcentratedonhispoetry.ParadiseLostwaspublishedin1667,

followedbyParadiseRegainedandSamsonAgonistesin1671.

3.WilliamWordsworth(1770-1850)Britishpoet,whospenthislifeintheLakeDistrictofNorthern

England.

Wordsworth'spersonalityandpoetryweredeeplyinfluencedbyhisloveofnature,especiallyby

thesightsandscenesoftheLakeCountry,inwhichhespentmostofhismaturelife.Aprofoundly

earnestandsincerethinker,hedisplayedahighseriousnesstemperedwithtendernessandaloveof

simplicity.

Step3TextStudy

1.GeneralIdea

Thetextfocusesonasocialphenomenon-choosingtobealoneonpurpose,whatpeoplethink

oflivingalone,whopreferslivingalone,thelifeofthesolitarypeople,andwhatthewriteradvisesfor

livingalone.

Part1(para.1)Livingalone-acommonsocialphenomenon

Part2(Para.2)twodifferentviewsonlivingalone[asortofsocialdisease/acharacteristicofan

Americanhero]

Part3(Para.3~10)Whopreferslivingalone

Whoareoftenlivingalone?

-Poetsandphilosophersarefor...insolitude.(WilliamWordsworth)

-Solitudeisimprovedbybeingvoluntary.(JohnMilton)

-Someartistschoosetobealonewhiletheirlovedonespreparecomfortsfor

themathome.(HenryThoreau)

-Themessagefromthepeoplewhochoosetobealone:Thelagertheego,the

morelikelyforthemtolivealone.

Part4(paras.11-13)Thecommentsonthephenomenonofsolitude

Ifyoulivewithotherpeople,theirtemporaryabsencecanberefreshing.

Itishumanthatweneedtotalktoothers.

Scientificsurveysshowthatthosepeoplewholivealonewillbehave

ridiculouslyandtalkatlengthtothemselvesandtheirpetsandtelevision.

Butitisdifferentwhenyoulivealone:solitudestrikeshardatyou.

Part5(paras14-16)Conclusion:Theauthoradvisespeopletostayrational,settledownandmake

themselvescomfortable,notlikeaself-centeredBritishpoet.Afterall,thereis

noplacelikehome.

Payattentiontothebeginningandendparagraph:

*Hereweare,allbyourselves,all22millionofusbyrecentcount,aloneinourrooms,someofus

likingitthatwayandsomeofusnot.Someofusdivorced,somewidowed,someneveryetcommitted.

*Afterall,hereweare.Itmaynotbewhereweexpectedtobe,butforthetimebeingwemightaswell

callithome.Anyway,thereisnoplacelikehome.

Whatdoes“hereweare"mean?What'ssignificanceofthetwoparagraphsintheexpressionof

themainidea?

Questions:

1)WhyislonelinessasortofnationaldiseaseintheUS?[Becausetherearealtogether22millionof

peoplelivingaloneintheirroomsintheUS.]

2)Whydopoetslikesolitude?[Becausetheygetinspirationfromit,andtheyfeelgoodabout

themselvesforseekingitout.]

3)WhatcanbelearnedfromThoreau'schoiceofthesolitarywayoflife?[Themorepositiveoneis

towardoneself,thelesstheneedforstayingwithothers.]

4)Whyisitimportantforapersonlivingalonetotalktoothers?[Becauseitisabasicneedofa

solitaryperson.]

5)Whomaythepersonlivinginsolitudetalkto?[Theymaycallfriendstotellthemimportant

things,ortalktohimself,hispets,thetelevision,oreventostrangersinthesupermarket.]

2.WordsandExpressions

獨(dú)自地allbyoneself

據(jù)最近的統(tǒng)計(jì)byrecentcount

趕出去castout

擁護(hù)，贊同befor:support;beinfavorofbeagainst

高度評(píng)價(jià)speakhighlyofspeakill/badof(說(shuō)壞、好話(huà))

躡手躡腳地走開(kāi)creepaway

裝滿(mǎn)fillup

熬夜stayuplate

一口氣地atonesitting

按自己的節(jié)奏atone^ownpace

堵塞，支持backup

詳盡地談talkatlength

安靜下來(lái)；定居settledown

暫時(shí)forthetimebeing

3.LanguagePoints

1)Nodoubtaboutit,solitudeisimprovedbybeingvoluntary.(p5)---Undoubtedly,onecanfind

pleasureinlivingaloneiftheychooseitaccordingtotheirownfreewill.

2)TheAmericanhighpriestofsolitudewasThoreau.(p8)---TheAmericanrepresentativefigureofthe

solitarywayoflifeisThoreau.

Here“highpriest“isapersonwhohasaleadershippositioninacertainfield.

3)Ineverfoundthecompanionthatwassocompanionableassolitude.(p9)---solitudecanbeas

pleasanttobewithasacompanion.

4)Thoreauhadhisownself-importantforcompany.(plO)―Thoreau'slifewasself-content;heenjoys

beingalone.

5)Thoseabsentwillbeback.Theirwaterproofwintercoatsareintheclosetandthedogkeeps

watchingforthematthewindow.(pH)-Thosewhoarestayingawayfromyouwillbeback.They

havetheirwintercoatskeptintheclosetandeventhedogkeepswatchingatthewindowfortheir

comingback.

6)Whiletheothersareabsent...atyourownpace.(pll)---Whiletheothersareaway,youcanrelax

andenjoyyourfreedomfully.Youmaycomeandgoatwillwithoutworryingthatitmaybotherothers,

oryoucanreadlateintothenight,orenjoythepleasureofbathing,oreatupawholepintoficecream

atonetime,ormoveatyourownpace.

7)Butwhenyoulivealone,thetemporaryabsenceofyourfriendsandacquaintancesleavesavacuum;

theymaynevercomeback,(p11)---Butifyoulivealoneandyourfriendsandacquaintancesleavefora

shorttime,youmayhaveafeelingofemptiness,andyoufeartheymaynevercomeback.

8)Theconditionoflonelinessrisesandfalls,buttheneedtotalkgoesonforever,(pl2)--Sometimes

youfeelyouarelonely,whilesometimesyoudonot.Butmanalwayshasaneedtotalk.

9)It'sthedailysuccessionofsmallcomplaintsandobservationsandopinionsthatbacksupand

chokesus.(pl2)---It'stheseriesofcomplaintsandobservationsandviewseverydaythatoverwhelm

usandmakeusfeeluneasy.

10)It'simportanttostopwaitingandsettledownandmakeourselvescomfortable,atleasttemporary,

andfindsomegraceandpleasureinourcondition,notlikeaself-centeredBritishpoetbutlikea

patientprincesssealedupinatower,waitingforthehappyendingtoourfairytale.

Here“graceandpleasure^referstothestateofhumanmind.

Step4Consolidation

1.Summary

WhilelonelinessisverycommonintheU.S.,fewpeoplecaretoadmittoitbecauseitis

perceivedas(l)somesortofsocialdisease.Itissee