安徽省阜陽(yáng)市阜南縣2022-2023學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末英語(yǔ)試題（ 含答案解析 ）

第1頁(yè)/共1頁(yè)2022-2023第一學(xué)期高二期末聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前填寫(xiě)好自己的姓名、班級(jí)、考號(hào)等信息2.請(qǐng)將答案正確填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。第I卷(選擇題)第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)。滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題，每題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atthebeginningofaterm.B.Attheendofaterm.C.Duringavacation.2.Whatwillthespeakersdo?A.Takeatourofthecity.B.Talkaboutrebuilding.C.Visitapark.3.HowdoesBobfeelnow?A.Disappointed.B.Worried.C.Excited.4.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inanoffice.B.Inagym.C.Inaswimmingpool.5.Howmuchwillthewomanpay?A.$200.B.$180.C.$150.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Howmanypiecesofclothingweresenttothelaundry?A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.7.Whatwillthewomando?A.Waitforaphonecall.B.Phonethehousekeeper.C.Callagaintomorrowmorning.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8、Whatismostlikelythewoman’sjob?A.Pianist.B.Teacher.C.Doctor.9.Whydoesthewomanhavetoworksohard?A.Toearnmoneyforherchildren.B.Tostartamusicschool.C.Todonatemoneytohercountry.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。10.Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Futureplans.B.Studyingatuniversity.C.Part-timejobs.11.WhichisNOTsomethingthemansuggests?A.Tostudycomputerscience.B.Tofindapart-timejob.C.Toaskformoney.12.Whatwillthewomanmostlikelydo?A.Gotouniversity.B.Askherparentsformoney.C.Findafull-timejob.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。13.Whatdoesthemanwanttodothissummer?A.Sitaround.B.Earnsomemoney.C.Takeavacation.14.WhoisJane?A.Theman’ssister.B.MrSmith’sneighbor.C.Thewoman’sclassmate.15.WhatshouldJanedowhenhouse-sitting?A.Takecareofthepets.B.Getridofthehouseplants.C.Emptythehouse.16.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Themantookcareofkidslastsummer.B.Thewomancalledthestudentemploymentoffice.C.Themandoesn`thavealotoffriends.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.Whatisrequiredforstudentstoattendtheseclasses?A.Theymustpaythefeefirst.B.Theymustbeover18yearsold.C.Theymustarriveontime.18.WhenaretheChineselanguageclassesforbeginners?A.From6:30pmto8:30pmonSaturdaysandSundays.B.From8:00pmto9:30pmonTuesdaysandThursdays.C.From8:30pmto9:30pmonMondaysandWednesdays.19.HowmuchwillastudentpaypermonthforRussianlanguageclasses?A.80.B.60.C.35.20.WhatdoweknowaboutEnglishliteratureclasses?A.Eachclasshas12studentsatmost.B.TheyareonSaturdayevenings.C.TheystartonDecember15.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AGermanyisfamousforitshistoryandculture,anditalsohassomeofEurope’smostwildandwonderfulscenery.Herearefourparksworthvisiting.TheBliesgauBiosphereThisplaceishometoalmosthalfofallGermanflowerspecies.Thegrasslandsrunformiles,drawingindifferentbutterflies.Thankstoitsgreatclimate,thisisanareaofsustainabledevelopment.Infact,thisparkisanexampleoffarmingdonerightandoffersawealthofagriculturalknow-howtoanyoneeagertolearn.BerchtesgadennatureparkBerchtesgadenisoneofGermany’soldestandmostbeautifulconservationareas.Pathsgoinandoutoftheforest,leadingyoualongthebanksofglassylakes.Themoreadventurousvisitorsmaychooseparagliding(滑翔傘運(yùn)動(dòng)).Backontheground,anetworkofmorethan150milesofwalkingpathsgoesthroughtheforest.SouthernBlackForestnatureparkThehighlandareas,withviewsoverSwitzerlandandFrance,areagoodplaceforfood-lovers.Activitiesintheparkrangefromhikingandfishingtomountainbiking,whiletheslowertravelerswillenjoythepathstogetawayfromeverydaylife.JasmundnatureparkItliesonthewestcoastoftheoffshoreislandofRugen.ThisprotectedsiteisthesmallestofGermany’snationalpark.ItisherethatpainterCasparDavidFriedrichfoundhimselfinspiredtocreateoneofhismasterpieces,ChalkCliffsonRigen,in1818.HerelongpathscantakeyouallthewaytotheRugencoastline,wherewhite-sandbeachesandbluewaterswaitforyou.1.Wherecanvisitorsknowoffarmingmethods?A.TheBliesgauBiosphere. B.Berchtesgadennaturepark.C.SouthernBlackForestnaturepark. D.Jasmundnaturepark.2.WhatdoJasmundnatureparkandBerchtesgadennatureparkhaveincommon?A.Theybothhavedifferentflowers. B.Theybothofferbeautifulgrasslands.C.Theybothhavelongpaths. D.Theyaregoodfortravelerstofish.3.Wherecanthistextcomefrom?A.Anadvertisement. B.Anessay.C.Ashortstory. D.Areport.【答案】1.A2.C3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了德國(guó)四個(gè)值得參觀的公園?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheBliesgauBiosphere部分的“Infact,thisparkisanexampleoffarmingdonerightandoffersawealthofagriculturalknow-howtoanyoneeagertolearn.(事實(shí)上，這個(gè)公園是正確耕作的一個(gè)例子，為任何渴望學(xué)習(xí)的人提供了豐富的農(nóng)業(yè)知識(shí)。)”可知，在TheBliesgauBiosphere游客能知道耕作方法。故選A。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Berchtesgadennaturepark部分的“Backontheground,anetworkofmorethan150milesofwalkingpathsgoesthroughtheforest.(回到地面上，一個(gè)超過(guò)150英里的步行小路穿過(guò)森林。)”和Jasmundnaturepark部分的“HerelongpathscantakeyouallthewaytotheRugencoastline,wherewhite-sandbeachesandbluewaterswaitforyou.(在這里，長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的小徑可以把你帶到魯根海岸線，那里有白色的沙灘和藍(lán)色的海水等著你。)”可知，兩個(gè)地方都有著漫長(zhǎng)的步行小路。故選C。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Germanyisfamousforitshistoryandculture,anditalsohassomeofEurope’smostwildandwonderfulscenery.Herearefourparksworthvisiting.(德國(guó)以其歷史和文化而聞名，它也有一些歐洲最狂野和最美妙的風(fēng)景。這里有四個(gè)值得參觀的公園。)”可知，文章介紹了德國(guó)的四個(gè)自然公園，應(yīng)該屬于廣告。故選A。B“Iwanttoworkfull-timeinChina,honey.”Anoverseascallawakenedthewifefromsoundsleep.“Why?”askedthewifewithsurprise,inadrowsy(昏昏欲睡的)voice,fromtheothersideoftheocean.IntheUnitedStates,hehadagreatfutureahead.Attheageof36,hebecametheyoungestprofessorinthehistoryoftheDepartmentofMolecularBiologyatPrincetonUniversity,forhisacademicachievements.At40,hebecameatenured(終身的)chairprofessoratPrinceton.Wheneverythingseemedperfectandadmirabletoothers,hefirmlydecidedtosaygoodbyetoPrincetonUniversity,toanaffluentlifeintheUnitedStates,andreturntoChina.Thenewsspreadexplosively.Manyexpressedconfusion,manypersuadedhim,manymadefunofhim,andstillmanywaitedtohaveagoodlaughathim.Hesaidpatriotismistheplainestfeelingofaperson.Whodoesn’tlovehismotherland,afterall?Inhisheart,theAmericandreamisalreadysomethingpast;theChinesedreamisrising.AfterreturningtoChina,hedevotedallhisenergy,workedlikecrazy,anddeterminedtodosomethingbig.Heformedalifescienceresearchteam.Everyday,heworks12to16hoursathislaboratory.HeisShiYigong,nicknamed“DaNiu”(someonewithextraordinaryachievements)byTsinghuastudents.Hisgivenname,Yigong,comesfromanidiomthatmeans“devotedtopublicinterestwhole-heartedly”.“SofarasI’mconcerned,awardsareofnospecialmeaning.”Shisayscalmly.Inhis18yearsofstudyintheUnitedStates,heneverforgothisChinesedream.Inthenext18years,theChinesedreamwillbemorebeautifulandgreaterbytheeffortsofShiYigongandthelikesofhim.4.WhywasShideterminedtoreturntoChina?A.Toservehismotherland. B.Toreunitewithhiswife.C.Toliveaquieterlife. D.Tomakemoremoney.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“affluent”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Normal. B.Miserable. C.Wealthy. D.Adventurous.6.WhatcanweknowaboutShiYigong?A.Hisdecisionwaswell-received. B.Hedoesn’tcaremuchaboutfame.C.Heistheyoungestprofessorinhistory. D.HisChinesedreamwillberealizedin18years.7.WhyisShiYigongcalled“DaNiu”byhisTsinghuastudents?A.Tosupporthislifescienceresearch. B.Topraisehishonesty.C.Tointroducehisendlessenergyinwork. D.Toshowhisunusualachievements.【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要敘述了在美國(guó)前途無(wú)量的施一公，因?yàn)闊o(wú)法割舍的愛(ài)國(guó)之情，毅然告別美國(guó)，回到中國(guó)，為祖國(guó)服務(wù)，實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的中國(guó)夢(mèng)。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“AfterreturningtoChina,hedevotedallhisenergy,workedlikecrazy,anddeterminedtodosomethingbig.Heformedalifescienceresearchteam.Everyday,heworks12to16hoursathislaboratory.(回到中國(guó)后，他投入了全部的精力，瘋狂地工作，并決心做一番大事業(yè)。他組建了一個(gè)生命科學(xué)研究小組。他每天在實(shí)驗(yàn)室工作12到16個(gè)小時(shí))”可知，施一公回到祖國(guó)之后，努力做科學(xué)研究，目的是為自己的祖國(guó)做貢獻(xiàn)，服務(wù)祖國(guó)服務(wù)人民。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段“IntheUnitedStates,hehadagreatfutureahead.Attheageof36,hebecametheyoungestprofessorinthehistoryoftheDepartmentofMolecularBiologyatPrincetonUniversity,forhisacademicachievements.At40,hebecameatenured(終身的)chairprofessoratPrinceton.(在美國(guó)，他前途無(wú)量。36歲時(shí)，他成為普林斯頓大學(xué)分子生物系歷史上最年輕的教授，因?yàn)樗膶W(xué)術(shù)成就。40歲時(shí)，他成為普林斯頓大學(xué)的終身教授)”及第三段“Wheneverythingseemedperfectandadmirabletoothers,hefirmlydecidedtosaygoodbyetoPrincetonUniversity,toanaffluentlifeintheUnitedStates,andreturntoChina.(當(dāng)一切在別人看來(lái)似乎都是完美和令人欽佩的時(shí)候，他堅(jiān)定地決定告別普林斯頓大學(xué)，告別在美國(guó)的affluent生活，回到中國(guó))”可知，施一公在美國(guó)有著非凡的學(xué)術(shù)成就，并最終成為普林斯頓大學(xué)的終身教授，有著完美的令人欽佩的生活，可推斷他告別的是美國(guó)“富足的”生活；wealthy意為“富裕的”，與affluent意思接近。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“‘SofarasI’mconcerned,awardsareofnospecialmeaning.’Shisayscalmly.(‘在我看來(lái)，獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)沒(méi)有什么特別的意義?！┮还届o地說(shuō))”可知，施一公并不在乎自己獲得的獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)，也就是不在乎獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)所代表的名聲。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“HeisShiYigong,nicknamed‘DaNiu’(someonewithextraordinaryachievements)byTsinghuastudents.(他就是施一公，被清華學(xué)子戲稱為“大?！保ㄓ蟹欠渤删偷娜耍?”可知，他的學(xué)生給他取名“大牛”是為了顯示他非凡的成就。故選D項(xiàng)。CWeoftenthinkoffuture.Weoftenwonderwhattheworldwouldbelikeinahundredyears’time.Thinkofspace，perhapsapermanent(永久的)stationonthemoonwillhavebeensetup.Perhapspeoplewillbeabletovisitthemoonastourists.Cheaprocketsforspacetravelwillhavebeendeveloped，permittinglongjourneysthroughoutthesolarsystem(太陽(yáng)系).Whenthattimecomes，peoplewillbetakingholidaysinspaceandvisitingotherplanets.Greatprogresswillhavebeenmadeinmedicine，too.Perhapsacurewillhavebeendiscoveredforthemostterribleofalldiseases—cancer.Pollutionisaproblemwemustsolve.Inahundredyears’timeitwillhavebeencontrolled.Alltheworldwillhavebeendeveloped—evenAntarctica.TherewillbelargecitiesinAntarctica.Wealreadyhavesupersonic(超音速的)flight，butinahundredyears’timewewillhavesupersoniclandtravelaswell.Wewillhaveusedupmostofearth’slandtobuildourcities，sofloatingcitieswillhavebeenbuilt.TheJapanesealreadyhaveplansforcitiesofthiskind.Andtherewillbecitiesunderthesea.Thefirstofthesewillhavebeencompleted.8.Wewillhavedeveloped______inahundredyears’time，permittinglongjourneysalloverthesolarsystem.A.cheaprocketsforspacetravel B.aplaneC.aspaceship D.asatellite9.Manwillalsohavesupersoniclandtravel______.A.inayear B.abouthalfacenturylaterC.intheyear2050 D.aboutacenturylater10.Thelastparagraphmainlytalksabout______.A.we’llmakegooduseofspaceontheearthB.citiesundertheseaC.JapanwillfirstbuildfloatingcitiesD.earth’slandisindanger11Thebesttitleforthepassageis______.A.TravelintheFuture B.FutureLifeC.WheretoLiveintheFuture D.SpaceTravel【答案】8.A9.D10.A11.B【解析】【分析】文章是說(shuō)明文。主要介紹人類未來(lái)的生活，如太空旅行、超音速旅行、漂浮城市和海底城市等【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段的“Cheaprocketsforspacetravelwillhavebeendeveloped，permittinglongjourneysthroughoutthesolarsystem(太陽(yáng)系).”可知一百年以后我們要開(kāi)發(fā)便宜的火箭讓我們到太陽(yáng)系旅行。故A正確?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“TherewillbelargecitiesinAntarctica.Wealreadyhavesupersonic(超音速的)flight，butinahundredyears’timewewillhavesupersoniclandtravelaswell.(南極洲將有大城市。我們已經(jīng)有超音速航班，但在一百年后，我們也將有超音速陸地旅行。)”可知100年以后我們會(huì)有超音速陸地旅行。故D正確?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Wewillhaveusedupmostofearth’slandtobuildourcities，sofloatingcitieswillhavebeenbuilt.(我們將耗盡地球的大部分土地來(lái)建造我們的城市，所以浮動(dòng)城市將被建造。)”可知，本段講述我們要充分利用好地球上的空間。故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)主題段“Weoftenthinkoffuture.Weoftenwonderwhattheworldwouldbelikeinahundredyears’time.(我們經(jīng)常想到未來(lái)。我們經(jīng)常想知道一百年后世界會(huì)是什么樣子。)”可知，本文主要講述未來(lái)的生活，因此推斷B項(xiàng)為最佳標(biāo)題。故B正確。DDoyouneedahumantocreateabeautifulscent(氣味)?That’sthequestionbeingaskedasartificialintelligence(AI)startstoentertheperfume(香水)industry.Companiesareincreasinglyturningtotechnologyinordertocreatemorebestselling,uniquefragrancesthatcanbeproducedinjustminutes.Lastyear,Swiss-basedfragrancedeveloperGivaudanFragranceslaunchedCarto,anartificialintelligence-poweredtooltohelpperfumers(調(diào)香師).Throughmachinelearning(awaycomputersimproveoutcomesautomaticallybylearningfrompastresults)Cartocansuggestcombinationsofingredients.Usingatouchscreen,theperfumercanpulltogetherdifferentscentsusingdatafromthebrand’svastlibraryoffragranceformulas(配方)—amuchmoreefficientprocessthanusingtraditionalforms.Asmallrobotimmediatelyprocessesthefragrancesintoperfumes,makingiteasierforperfumerstotesttheirnewscents.GermanfragrancehouseSymrisehasgoneonestepfurtherandteamedupwithIBMResearchtocreateanAIcalledPhilyra.LikeCarto,Philyracan’tactuallysniffanything.Butitisnotdesignedtoreplaceperfumers.“It’smachine-learningandsometimestheresultshavebeenwrong,”saysClaireViola,vicepresidentofdigitalstrategyfragranceatSymrise.“It’sstillaproject,themorewetest,themoreitcontinuestoimprove.Itconstantlyneedstraining.”12.WhatisCartoaccordingtothepassage?A.abestsellinguniquefragrance. B.aSwiss-basedfragrancedeveloper.C.anAI-poweredtool. D.combinationsofingredients.13.What’sthemainideaofpara.3?A.Theprocessofmakingfragrance. B.Twowaysofmakingfragrance.C.Theimportanceofasmallrobot. D.Thepopularityofasmallrobot.14.WhatcanweinferfromClaireViola’sopiniononPhilyra?A.Itwillreplaceperfumersinthenearfuture.B.It’sthemosteffectivetechnologytoproduceperfume.C.Theresultswillbeperfectwhenusingit.D.Weshouldtrainandimproveit,becauseit’smachine-learning.15.Inwhichsectionofthenewspapercanyouprobablyreadthispassage?A.Lifestyle B.EntertainmentC.Advertisement D.Science&technology【答案】12.C13.A14.D15.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。人工智能技術(shù)已經(jīng)滲透到社會(huì)生活的各個(gè)領(lǐng)域，產(chǎn)品的開(kāi)發(fā)研制利用人工智能技術(shù)將更高效、更高質(zhì)。瑞士香料開(kāi)發(fā)商奇華頓(Givandan)運(yùn)用人工智能技術(shù)選取香水配方組合，能在數(shù)分鐘內(nèi)制造出香味更獨(dú)特的香水。該篇閱讀介紹了利用人工智能制造香水的最新科技?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Lastyear,Swiss-basedfragrancedeveloperGivaudanFragranceslaunchedCarto,anartificialintelligence-poweredtooltohelpperfumers(調(diào)香師).(去年瑞士香水開(kāi)發(fā)商奇華頓推出了一款人工智能工具Carto來(lái)幫助調(diào)香師。)”Carto后的同位語(yǔ)anartificialintelligence-poweredtool可知，它是一個(gè)人工智能驅(qū)動(dòng)的工具。故選C?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Usingatouchscreen,theperfumercanpulltogetherdifferentscentsusingdatafromthebrand’svastlibraryoffragranceformulas(配方)—amuchmoreefficientprocessthanusingtraditionalforms.Asmallrobotimmediatelyprocessesthefragrancesintoperfumes,makingiteasierforperfumerstotesttheirnewscents.(通過(guò)觸屏，調(diào)香師可以從該品牌龐大的香水配方庫(kù)中提取數(shù)據(jù)，將不同的香味組合在一起——一個(gè)比使用電子表格更高效的過(guò)程。一個(gè)小型機(jī)器人能立即將香味加工成香水，使調(diào)香師更容易測(cè)試他們的新氣味。)”可知，本段主要關(guān)于制做香水的過(guò)程。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“It’sstillaproject,themorewetest,themoreitcontinuestoimprove.Itconstantlyneedstraining.(這仍然是一個(gè)項(xiàng)目，我們測(cè)試的越多，它就越能繼續(xù)改進(jìn)。它需要不斷的訓(xùn)練。)”可知，ClaireViola認(rèn)為這是一種學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)器，計(jì)算結(jié)果有時(shí)有誤；該技術(shù)需要不斷測(cè)試并改進(jìn)。據(jù)此可以推知，由于這是一種學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)器，故我們應(yīng)當(dāng)不斷培訓(xùn)改進(jìn)，故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，該篇閱讀介紹了利用人工智能制造香水這一技術(shù)，關(guān)于最新科技，屬于科技發(fā)展范圍。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。CharacteristicsofanexcellentscientistThedictionarydefinesascientistasapersonhavingprofessionalknowledgeononeormoresciences,especiallynaturalscienceorphysicalscience.____16____Let’slookatsomecharacteristicsofanexcellentscientist.CuriosityAnexcellentscientistmustbeverycuriousaboutthings.ScientistssuchasThomasEdisonandGeorgeWestinghousediscoveredthingsmainlybecausetheywantedtoknowhowthingswork.____17____PatienceBecomingascientisttakesalongtime.____18____Evenifyouthinkyouhavereceivedsomeeducationonscience,youstillhavealotofscientificresearchtodo.Ifyou’reaninstant-gratificationtypeofperson,thismaynotbethebestchoiceforyou.Ethical(道德的)qualitiesInordertotrulydiscoveranduseknowledgeforthegreatergood,ascientistmusthaveadesiretoimprovepeople’slifeaswellastheenvironment,sincetheyarelinkedandtheycanaffectoneanotherinthelongrun.____19____Stickingtoanoldbeliefcontradictedwithevidenceisdishonest.However,thatbeliefshouldn’tbechangedwithoutpowerfulevidence.Workinghabits____20____He/Shecanworkwellaloneoringroups,dependingonwhat’sneededandalsoneedstocommunicatethoughtsonpaperandverbally.Networkingconnectshim/herwithcolleaguesworkingonsimilarprojectswherehe/shemaydiscoversomethingnew.A.Tomakediscoveries,youhavetothinkdifferently.B.Thereareveryfewjobsthattakelongerthanthisone.C.Italsodefinesascientistassomeonewhousesscientificmethods.D.Ascientistmustreportfindingshonestlyregardlessofpersonalinterestsorpublicopinion.E.Oneofthemainplacesthatmanyscientistsworkinistheresearchlaboratory.F.Anexcellentscientisteventakesnotesofthesmallestobservationandkeepsitinmind.G.Withoutadrivetoaskquestionsorevenwonder,ascientistwillnevergettothefirststageofthescientificprocess.【答案】16.C17.G18.B19.D20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。成功絕非偶然，一定是一些特別的品質(zhì)和性格才造就了那么多的偉人和成功人士。學(xué)習(xí)本文，讓我們一起來(lái)欣賞這些成功科學(xué)家們的性格特點(diǎn)吧?！?6題詳解】C選項(xiàng)“它還將科學(xué)家定義為使用科學(xué)方法的人?！背薪由衔摹癟hedictionarydefinesascientistasapersonhavingprofessionalknowledgeononeormoresciences,especiallynaturalscienceorphysicalscience.(字典將科學(xué)家定義為在一門或多門科學(xué)，特別是自然科學(xué)或物理科學(xué)方面具有專業(yè)知識(shí)的人)”講字典對(duì)科學(xué)家這一名詞的解釋和理解，故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】G選項(xiàng)“如果科學(xué)家沒(méi)有發(fā)問(wèn)甚至好奇的動(dòng)力，就永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法進(jìn)入科學(xué)過(guò)程的第一階段?！背薪有?biāo)題“Curiosity(好奇心)”和上文“Anexcellentscientistmustbeverycuriousaboutthings.(一個(gè)優(yōu)秀的科學(xué)家必須對(duì)事物非常好奇)”講科學(xué)家要具備的一個(gè)特征就是有好奇心，故選G項(xiàng)。18題詳解】B選項(xiàng)“很少有工作比這一項(xiàng)需要更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間?！背薪有?biāo)題“Patience(耐心)”和上文“Becomingascientisttakesalongtime.(成為一名科學(xué)家需要很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間)”講成為科學(xué)家時(shí)間很長(zhǎng)，需要一定的耐心，故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】D選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)家必須誠(chéng)實(shí)地報(bào)告研究結(jié)果，而不考慮個(gè)人利益或公眾輿論?！焙拖挛摹癝tickingtoanoldbeliefcontradictedwithevidenceisdishonest.However,thatbeliefshouldn’tbechangedwithoutpowerfulevidence.(堅(jiān)持與證據(jù)相矛盾的舊信念是不誠(chéng)實(shí)的。然而，沒(méi)有強(qiáng)有力的證據(jù)，這種信念不應(yīng)該改變)”一起表明科學(xué)家要誠(chéng)實(shí)，堅(jiān)持真理，這是科學(xué)家特征“Ethical(道德的)qualities(道德素質(zhì))”的體現(xiàn)，故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】由小標(biāo)題“Workinghabits(工作習(xí)慣)”可知，下面一段主要談到工作習(xí)慣，且下文“He/Shecanworkwellaloneoringroups,dependingonwhat’sneededandalsoneedstocommunicatethoughtsonpaperandverbally.(他/她可以單獨(dú)或在團(tuán)隊(duì)中很好地工作，這取決于需要什么，還需要在紙上和口頭上交流想法)”就是在講科學(xué)家的工作習(xí)慣，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)優(yōu)秀的科學(xué)家甚至?xí)浵伦钗⑿〉挠^察結(jié)果并牢記在心?！币彩且环N工作習(xí)慣和方式。故選F項(xiàng)。第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Rayhadawonderfulfamilyandlivedveryhappily.Hehadfourgrandchildren,andtheyallcametoseehim___21___theirholidays.Oneday,Raywaspreparingtowelcomethemasusual:cleaningthehouseandcookingdeliciousfood.___22___hewasworking,helosthisfavoritewatchwhichwasa___23___fromhisdeceased(已故的)wife.Raylovedthewatchverymuch,andhewasverysad.Whenhisgrandchildrenarrived,they___24___himtheywouldfindthewatch.Onegranddaughterasked,“Grandpa,wheredidyouseethewatchlast___25___itwentmissing?”Rayreplied,“Maybeinthebarn(谷倉(cāng))!”Thechildrensearchedthereformorethantwohours___26___couldnotfindit.Oneofhisgrandsonswantedtosearchthebarn___27___,andRayaskedwhyhewasgoingthere.Thelittleboydidn’texplainbutasked___28___nottofollowhim.Amomentlater,herushedbacktohisgrandfather,“Ifoundit!”Heshouted.Raywas___29___andaskedhowhemadeit.Thelittleboyreplied,“Istoodinthebarn____30____makinganynoise,andtriedmybesttokeepsilent.Afterafew____31____,Iheardthesoundofticktick.Atlast,I____32____thewatchfromthehay(干草).”Afterhearinghiswords,Rayhuggedthelittleboyand____33____himverymuch.Thestorytellsusifwe____34____calm,wecanfindasolution.Thisshowsthepowerof____35____21.A.between B.during C.among D.past22.A.Unless B.Over C.While D.Still23.A.report B.gift C.letter D.message24.A.suggested B.doubted C.expected D.promised25.A.after B.before C.until D.since26.A.and B.so C.or D.but27.A.ever B.again C.already D.always28.A.other B.another C.theother D.theothers29.A.angry B.bored C.unhappy D.surprised30.A.without B.by C.about D.except31.A.weeks B.days C.hours D.minutes32.A.lookedup B.turnedup C.pickedup D.madeup33A.accepted B.thanked C.saved D.protected34.A.stop B.send C.stay D.seem35A.habit B.decision C.silence D.suggestion【答案】21.B22.C23.B24.D25.B26.D27.B28.D29.D30.A31.D32.C33.B34.C35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是夾敘夾議文。文章通過(guò)講述一個(gè)小男孩幫助爺爺找到丟失的手表的故事，告訴我們，遇到問(wèn)題時(shí)只要能保持冷靜，就能找到解決辦法?！?1題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：他有四個(gè)孫子，他們假期都來(lái)看他。A.between在兩者之間；B.during在……期間；C.among在……中間；D.past超過(guò)。根據(jù)上文“Hehadfourgrandchildren,andtheyallcametoseehim”可知，這里指他的孫子們來(lái)看他，所以是在假期期間。故選B。【22題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他在做這些工作的時(shí)候，他丟了他最喜歡的手表，那是他死去的妻子送給他的禮物。A.Unless除非；B.Over在……之上；C.While當(dāng)……時(shí)候；D.Still仍然。根據(jù)下文“hewasworking”可知，這里指當(dāng)他在做這些工作的時(shí)候。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：見(jiàn)第2題詳解。A.report報(bào)道；B.gift禮物；C.letter信；D.message信息。根據(jù)下文“fromhisdeceased(已故的)wife”可知，這塊手表應(yīng)該是他已故妻子送給他的禮物。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他的孫子們到的時(shí)候，他們向他承諾，他們會(huì)找到那塊表的。A.suggested建議；B.doubted懷疑；C.expected期待；D.promised承諾。根據(jù)下文“theywouldfindthewatch”可知，這是孫子們給老人做出的承諾。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：爺爺，在表丟之前，你最后一次是在哪里看到它的？A.after在……之后；B.before在……之前；C.until直到；D.since自從。根據(jù)上文“wheredidyouseethewatchlast”可知，孫女問(wèn)的應(yīng)該是在表丟之前，爺爺最后一次是在哪里看到它的。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：孩子們?cè)谀抢锼阉髁?個(gè)多小時(shí)，但是還是沒(méi)有找到。A.and并且；B.so因此；C.or或者；D.but但是。根據(jù)下文“couldnotfindit”可知，他們找了2個(gè)多小時(shí)，結(jié)果卻沒(méi)有找到，所以上下文是轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系。故選D。【27題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他的一個(gè)孫子想要再搜查谷倉(cāng)一次，雷問(wèn)他為什么還要去那里。A.ever曾經(jīng)；B.again再一次；C.already已經(jīng)；D.always一直。根據(jù)上文“Onegranddaughterasked,“Grandpa,wheredidyouseethewatchlast___5___itwentmissing?”Rayreplied,“Maybeinthebarn(谷倉(cāng))!”Thechildrensearchedthereformorethantwohours___6___couldnotfindit.”可知，孫子們已經(jīng)去過(guò)谷倉(cāng)搜查一次了，所以是再次搜索，故選B?！?8題詳解】考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)小男孩沒(méi)有解釋，但是要求其他人不要跟著他。A.other其他的；B.another另一個(gè)；C.theother兩者中的另一個(gè)；D.theothers另一些。根據(jù)上下文意思可知，這個(gè)小男孩打算自己去，所以要求剩余所有人都不要去。theothers是指剩余所有人。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雷很吃驚，并且問(wèn)他是怎么找到的。A.angry生氣的；B.bored厭煩的；C.unhappy不高興的；D.surprised吃驚的。根據(jù)上文“Thechildrensearchedthereformorethantwohours___6___couldnotfindit.”和““Ifoundit!”Heshouted”可知，孩子們一起去谷倉(cāng)找手表的時(shí)候都沒(méi)有找到，而這個(gè)男孩一個(gè)人再次去的時(shí)候找到了手表，所以雷很吃驚。故選D。30題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：我站在谷倉(cāng)里，沒(méi)有發(fā)出一點(diǎn)噪音，并且盡力保持安靜。A.without沒(méi)有；B.by通過(guò)；C.about大約；D.except除……外。根據(jù)下文“andtriedmybesttokeepsilent”可知，男孩沒(méi)有發(fā)出一點(diǎn)噪音。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幾分鐘之后，我聽(tīng)到了滴答聲。A.weeks周；B.days日；C.hours小時(shí)；D.minutes分鐘。根據(jù)上文“Amomentlater,herushedbacktohisgrandfather,“Ifoundit!”Heshouted.”可知，男孩一會(huì)兒之后就找到了手表，所以應(yīng)該是幾分鐘之后的事情。故選D。【32題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：最后，我從干草里撿起了手表。A.lookedup往上看；B.turnedup出現(xiàn)；C.pickedup撿起；D.madeup制作。根據(jù)下文“thewatchfromthehay”可知，手表被落在干草里面了，所以他應(yīng)該是從干草里撿起了手表。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：聽(tīng)了他的話之后，雷擁抱住這個(gè)小男孩，并且非常感謝他。A.accepted接受；B.thanked感謝；C.saved挽救；D.protected保護(hù)。根據(jù)上文“Amomentlater,herushedbacktohisgrandfather,“Ifoundit!”Heshouted.”可知，是小男孩幫助找到了手表，所以爺爺應(yīng)該是很感謝他。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)故事告訴我們，如果我們能保持冷靜，就能找到解決辦法。A.stop停止；B.send發(fā)送；C.stay保持；D.seem似乎。根據(jù)下文“calm,wecanfindasolution”可知，要找到解決辦法，應(yīng)該是保持冷靜。故選C。【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這展示了安靜的力量。A.habit習(xí)慣；B.decision決定；C.silence沉默，安靜；D.suggestion建議。根據(jù)上文“Thestorytellsusifwe___14___calm,wecanfindasolution.”可知，這里強(qiáng)調(diào)的是保持冷靜的時(shí)候所展示出來(lái)的安靜。故選C。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。KeepingadiaryinEnglishisoneoftheeffectiveways_____36_____(improve)ourEnglishwritingability.Comparedwithotherformsofwriting,itisshorterandtakes____37____(little)time.Itcanhelpustodevelop____38____habitofthinkinginEnglish.Ifwepersist(堅(jiān)持)inthispractice,graduallywe’lllearnhowtoexpressourselvesinEnglish.InkeepingadiaryinEnglish,wecertainlyrunupagainstmany____39____(difficulty).Firstly,itoftenhappensthatwehavetrouble_____40_____(find)appropriatewordsandphrasestogiveexpressiontoourmind.Secondly,there_____41_____(be)manyidiomaticwaysofsayingthingsinChinese.AnditisextremelyhardforustoputthemintoEnglish____42____(proper).AsfarasIamconcerned,mysuggestionis____43____weshouldalwayshaveanotebookandaChinese-Englishdictionarywithineasyreach.Wheneversomethingbeatsus,wecanfirstputitdowninournotebookandthenconsultourdictionary.WecanalsoaskourEnglishteacher____44____help,ifnecessary.Inshort,IbelievethatitisofgreatusetokeepadiaryinEnglishforthe______45______(develop)ofourwritingskills.【答案】36.perly43.that44.for45.development【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)日記對(duì)提高英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作能力很有幫助以及如何用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)日記的幾點(diǎn)建議?！?6題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)日記是提高英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作能力的有效方法之一。當(dāng)“方法”講時(shí)，way后常接不定式作后置定語(yǔ)，表示“做……的方法”，故填toimprove?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：與其他形式的寫(xiě)作相比，它更短，所需的時(shí)間更少。根據(jù)空前的“shorter”可知，此處用形容詞比較級(jí)less，故填less?！?8題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：它可以幫助我們養(yǎng)成用英語(yǔ)思考的習(xí)慣。keepthehabitof是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“保持……的習(xí)慣”。故填the。【39題詳解】考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。句意：在用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)日記的過(guò)程中，我們肯定會(huì)遇到許多困難。many修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，因此空格處是復(fù)數(shù)difficulties，故填difficulties?！?0題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：首先，我們常常很難找到合適的單詞來(lái)表達(dá)我們的想法。havetrouble(in)doing表示“做某事有困難”，因此空格處用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，故填finding。【41題詳解】考查主謂一致。句意：其次，漢語(yǔ)中有很多習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意可知此處用therebe句型表示“有”，陳述的是客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，根據(jù)“manyidiomaticways”可知，be用復(fù)數(shù)are，故填are。【42題詳解】考查副詞。句意：我們很難把它們準(zhǔn)確地譯成英語(yǔ)。修飾動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)put…into…用副詞properly，意為“正確地，適當(dāng)?shù)亍?，故填properly?！?3題詳解】考查表語(yǔ)從句。句意：就我而言，我的建議是我們應(yīng)該隨時(shí)準(zhǔn)備一個(gè)筆記本和一本英漢詞典。此處為表語(yǔ)從句，從句成分齊全，意思完整，用that僅起連接作用，無(wú)實(shí)義，且不能省略，故填that。【44題詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：如果有必要，我們也可以向英語(yǔ)老師求助。asksbforhelp表示“向某人尋求幫助”，故填for?！?5題詳解】考查名詞。句意：總之，我相信用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)日記對(duì)提高我們的寫(xiě)作技巧是很有用的。作介詞for的賓語(yǔ)用名詞development，表示抽象意義，是不可數(shù)名詞，故填development。第四部分寫(xiě)作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46.假設(shè)你校正在組織題為“Thepersonwhoinspiresme”的英語(yǔ)征文比賽，請(qǐng)你寫(xiě)一篇短文參賽。內(nèi)容包括：1.該人物的簡(jiǎn)單介紹；2.激勵(lì)或鼓舞你的原因。注意∶1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。Thepersonwhoinspiresme_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案