甘肅省天水市麥積區(qū)2022-2023學年高二上學期期末英語試題（ 含答案解析 ）

第1頁/共1頁2022—2023學年度第一學期期末學情診斷檢測試卷高二英語第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Thewoman’shometown.B.Aspellingmistake.C.Atravelplan.2.WhatistherelationshipbetweenthewomanandMike?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Motherandson.C.Fellowworkers.3.WhatdoesthemansuggestGeorgedo?A.Haveagoodrest.B.Lookforanewjob.C.Travelaroundtheworld.4.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthesharks?A.AmazingB.Friendly.C.Frightening.5.WhatdoweknowaboutPeter?A.Heisn’ttalkative.B.Hestudiedveryhard.C.Hefailedtogetintocollege.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答第6和第7兩個小題。6.Howmanytimesdidthewomancallthemanyesterday?A.Once.B.Twice.C.Threetimes.7.Whydidn’tthemananswerthewoman’scall?A.Hewasbusydoingthelaundry.B.Hedidn’ttakehisphone.C.Heignoredherphonecalls.聽下面一段對話，回答第8和第9兩個小題。8.Whatdidthemandoatlastyear’sparty?A.Hearrangedabighouseforit.B.HegottoknowaJapanesecouple.C.Hemetmanyinternationalstudents.9.Whatwillthewomanpreparefortheparty?ASpecialclothes.B.Iranian-stylerice.C.Japanesedishes.聽下面一段對話，回答第10至第12三個小題。10.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Onatrain.B.Inalibrary.C.Attheschool.11.Whatkindofbooksdoesthemanlikebest?A.Booksontravels.B.Booksonfood.C.Booksonscience.12.Whatisthewomanmostprobablygoingtobe?A.Ahistorian.B.Adoctor.C.Ascientist.聽下面一段對話，回答第13至第16四個小題。13.ForwhatdoesJanewanttogetajob?A.Moremoney.B.Morefriends.C.Moreexperience.14.WhatisJane’sfatherworriedabout?A.Shewillcomehomelate.B.Shecan’tmanagetheshopwell.C.Shecan’tbalanceherstudyandwork.15.HowoftenwillJanework?A.Onceaweek.B.Twiceaweek.C.Everyotherday.16.Whatwon’tJaneclean?A.Thefloors.B.Thetoilets.C.Thewindows.聽下面一段獨白，回答第17至第20四個小題。17.Whatwasinthefarmer’sbag?A.Vegetables.B.Fruits.C.Rice.18.Whathappenedtothefarmer’sbag?A.Itfellfromhishorse.B.Itgotstolen.C.Itwasbroken.19.Whohelpedthefarmer?A.Apoorman.B.Hisfriend.C.Arichman.20.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.Everyoneshouldpayforothers’help.B.Everyonecanbecomeagreatman.C.Everyoneshouldhelppeopleinneed.第二部分：基礎知識運用。(單選題，15小題，1分/題，共15分)1.Sincehehasnosenseof________humor,I’msurehedidn’tcatch________humorinyourremarks.A.a;a B.the;a C./;the D.a;the【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：既然他沒有幽默感，我敢肯定他沒有領會到你講話中的幽默。asenseofhumor幽默感；第二個humor表示特指“你講話中的幽默”，所以它的前面需要加the。故選C。2.Theyrushedovertohelptheman________carhadbrokendown.A.that B.who C.which D.whose【答案】D【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：他們沖過去幫助那個車子壞了的男人。分析句子可知，空格處引導定語從句，修飾theman，關系詞在從句中作定語，修飾car，還原句子為：theman'scarhadbrokendown，作定語用關系代詞whose，故選D。【點睛】3.Wedon’tknowthereason________hedidn’tshowup.A.why B.that C.which D.who【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：我們不知道他沒有出現(xiàn)的原因。句中先行詞為reason，在定語從句中作原因狀語，所以用關系副詞why引導。故選A。4.Bobsuggested________abustotheparkbutintheendwepersuadedhim________hismind.A.totake;tochange B.taking;changingC.totake;changing D.taking;tochange【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：鮑勃建議乘公共汽車去公園，但最后我們說服了他改變主意。suggestdoingsth.建議做某事；persuadesb.todosth.勸服某人做某事。故選D。5.Whentheylivedindifferentcities,theykept________touchwitheachotherthroughtheInternet________timetotime.A.over;with B.by;at C.on;in D.in;from【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查介詞。句意：當他們住在不同的城市時，他們不時地通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)保持聯(lián)系。keepintouchwith與……保持聯(lián)系；fromtimetotime有時；不時。故選D。6.________hiscomposition,TomwentontodohisEnglishexercises.A.Wrote B.Towrite C.Hadwritten D.Havingwritten【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式。句意：寫完作文，湯姆接著做英語練習。分析句子可知，此處為非謂語動詞作狀語，因write和邏輯主語Tom為主動關系，所以為現(xiàn)在分詞形式，結(jié)合句意可知，write先于wenton發(fā)生，故為現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式結(jié)構。故選D項。7.Therearealotofstudentshere,noneof________likethefilm.A.that B.which C.whom D.who【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查非限制性定語從句。句意：這里有很多學生，沒有一個人喜歡這部電影。此處引導非限定性定語從句，先行詞是students，關系詞在從句中充當介詞of的賓語，應用whom引導。故選C。8.Thisnovel,________Ihavereadthreetimes,isverytouching.A.that B.which C.whose D.who【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：這本小說很感人，我已經(jīng)讀了三遍了?？崭裉幰龑У氖欠窍拗菩远ㄕZ從句，從句中缺少賓語，先行詞novel是物，因此空格處用關系代詞which，故選B。9.Everyyearmanypeoplepayavisittothetemple,________intheSongDynasty.A.havingbuilt B.tobuild C.built D.wasbuilt【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：每年都有很多人去參觀這座建于宋朝的寺廟。分析句子結(jié)構可知，此處為非謂語動詞作定語，build與thetemple之間為被動關系，且根據(jù)時間狀語“intheSongDynasty”可知，該動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，所以使用過去分詞形式。故選C項。10.Tomakeateamperformbetter,thecoachhastoknowtheir________andweaknesses.A.powers B.forces C.strengths D.energies【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為了讓一個團隊表現(xiàn)得更好，教練必須了解他們的長處和短處。A.powers能力；B.forces力量；C.strengths長處；D.energies能量。由名詞weakness(弱點)可知，此處用名詞strength。故選C項。11.I’dappreciate________ifyoucouldletmeknowinadvancewhetherornotyouwillcome.A.that B.it C.this D./【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查代詞。句意：如果你能事先告訴我你是否來，我會很感激的。固定句型I’dappreciateitifyoucould...“如果你能……，我將不勝感激”it做形式賓語。故選B。12.Thereisgoingtobeavolleyballmatchbetween________teachersandgirlstudentsthisafternoon.A.woman B.women C.woman’s D.women’s【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：今天下午將有一場女教師和女學生之間的排球賽。分析句子結(jié)構可知，此處為名詞作定語修飾名詞teachers，woman意為“女性”作定語時，被修飾名詞變復數(shù)時，woman也要變成復數(shù)形式。故選B項。13.Moreandmorepeoplearebeginningtodevelopthe________ofwearingmasksoutsides.A.habit B.law C.culture D.tradition【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：越來越多的人開始養(yǎng)成外出戴口罩的習慣。A.habit習慣；B.law法律；C.culture文化；D.tradition傳統(tǒng)。developthehabitof養(yǎng)成……的習慣，符合句意，故選A。14.Weshouldtake________topreservetheenvironmentfrompollution.A.measure B.measures C.actions D.step【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們應該采取措施保護環(huán)境不受污染。takemeasurestodo=takestepstodo=takestepstodo采取措施去做某事；takeactiontodo采取行動做某事。故選B。15.After________seriesofunsuccessfulattempts，hehasfinallypassed________drivingtest.A.不填；the B.a；theC.the；a D.不填；a【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：經(jīng)過一系列不成功的嘗試，他終于通過了駕駛考試。aseriesof一系列，thedrivingtest特指駕駛考試，故選B。第三部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AInternationalLanguageCampsInternationalLanguageCamps(ILC)providesfunlanguageandactivity-basedsummerandwintercampsforchildrenandteenagersaged7-17fromaroundtheworld.WeofferholidaysandvacationswithalargenumberofactivitiesandacompleteFrench/Englishlanguageteachingprogram,allintheheartoftheFrenchAlps.Studentscanchoosetostayfor1-6weeks.OursummerandwintercampstakeplaceinMegève,aFrenchskiresort(滑雪勝地).ItissituatedinthefoothillsoftheMountBlancmassif(山巒),closetoChamonixandtheMountBlancTunnel,whichisthegatewaytoItalyandtheAostaValley.ThenearestinternationalairportisGenevawhichisonly75kmaway.Ourcampershavethechancetostudyaforeignlanguagewithamultilingual(多種語言的)teamfromallovertheworld.AswellasFrench/Englishlanguageclasses,studentscanalsotakepartinallsortsofsportsincludingmountaineering,watersports,skiing,ice-skatingandmore.Ourcamperscancommunicatewithmanyyoungguysinamulticulturalbackground,whichnaturallyleadstotherespectofothers.OneofILC’spurposesistohelpourcampersbuildconfidenceanddiscovertheirinnerstrengths.Courses/ProgramsSummerLanguage+ActivityCamps★English/Frenchlanguagelessons(ages7-17)★FunSummerProgram(ages7-11)★IntenseMountainProgram(ages14-17)★3DAnimationProgram(ages10-17)WinterCamp(ages7-17)OurwinterprogramistheperfectmixofsportsandEnglish/Frenchlanguagelearning.16.WherearetheInternationalLanguageCampsheld?A.Geneva B.Megève C.Chamonix D.AostaValley17.Tolearntomakeanimatedfilms,akidshouldbebetweentheagesof________.A.7and11 B.7and17 C.10and17 D.14and1718.Accordingtothetext,theWinterCamp________.A.lastsabouttwomonths B.mainlyfocusesonskiingC.issetupforkidsfromEurope D.offersEnglishandFrenchlessons【答案】16.B17.C18.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了國際語言營地的夏令營和冬令營的活動安排。【16題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“InternationalLanguageCamps(ILC)providesfunlanguageandactivity-basedsummerandwintercampsforchildrenandteenagersaged7-17fromaroundtheworld.”（國際語言夏令營(ILC)為來自世界各地的7-17歲的兒童和青少年提供有趣的語言和以活動為基礎的夏令營和冬令營。）可知，國際語言夏令營包括夏令營和冬令營；第三段第一句“OursummerandwintercampstakeplaceinMegève,aFrenchskiresort(滑雪勝地).”（我們的夏令營和冬令營在法國滑雪勝地默熱沃舉行。）可知，國際語言夏令營在法國滑雪勝地默熱沃舉行。故選B。【17題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“3DAnimationProgram(ages10-17)”（3D動畫節(jié)目(10-17歲)）可知，要學習動畫節(jié)目制作，參與者的年齡必須在10到17歲之間。故選C。【18題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“OurwinterprogramistheperfectmixofsportsandEnglish/Frenchlanguagelearning.”（我們的冬季項目是運動和英語、法語學習的完美結(jié)合。）可知，參加冬令營可以學習英語和法語。故選D。BDoyouneedtothrowyoursmartphoneawaytoliveyourbestlife?Notnecessarily,accordingtoresearchersfromRuhr-Universit?tBochumwhosuggestthatwecouldallbenefitfromcuttingdownonscreentime—justonlyalittlebittime.Onaverage,wespendmorethanthreehoursadaygluedtooursmartphonescreens.Betweensocialmedia,newsfeeds,endlessvideogames,andanappforprettymucheverythingelse,there’salwayssomethingtodrawourattention.Inrecentyears,studieshaveblamedsmartphonesformodernproblemsrangingfromrisinganxietyratestoneckpain.Itbegsthequestion:Arepeopleallreallybetteroffswitchingbacktolandlines(座機)?“The

smartphone

isbothablessingandacurse,”saysstudyleaderDr.JuliaBrailovskaia,whoseteamsetouttoanswerthatquestionbygatheringtogether619volunteers,hopingtoknowhowmuchthesmartphoneisgoodforus.Twohundredpeopleputtheirsmartphonescompletelyasideforaweek;226reducedtheamountoftimetheyusedthedevicebyonehouraday;193peopledidn’tchangeanythingintheirbehavior.Researchersinterviewedeachpersonaboutboththeiroveralllifestylehabitsandwell-beingfourmonthslateraftertheexperimentalweekended.“Wefoundthatbothcompletelygivingupthesmartphoneandreducingitsdailyusebyonehourhadpositiveeffects

onthewell-being

oftheparticipants,”asBrailovskaiasumsuptheupshots.Notably,changingtheirsmartphonehabitsforjustoneweekappearedtoproducelastingoutcomesamongsubjects.Evenfourmonthsafterward,participantswhoweretoldto

avoidusingtheirsmartphones

totallywereusingtheirphonesforanaverageof38minuteslessperday.Meanwhile,the“onehourless”groupwereusingtheirphonesasmuchas

45minuteslessperday

afterfourmonths.Thisgroupalsoshowedimprovedlifesatisfaction,moreexercise,andlessdepression.“It’snotnecessarytocompletelygiveupthesmartphonetofeelbetter,”Brailovskaiaconcludes.19.What’sthepurposeofParagraph2?A.Toanswerthequestiononthesmartphones.B.Toexplainwhytheexperimentwasdone.C.Tostatedisadvantagesoftheexperiment.D.Tostressthebenefitsofsmartphones.20.Whatdidtheresearchersdotothevolunteersbeforetestingthem?A.Theytrainedthem. B.Theyinterviewedthem.C.Theydividedthemintogroups. D.Theygavethemaphysicalexam.21.Whichwordcanreplacetheunderlinedword“upshots”inParagraph4?A.Purposes. B.Reasons. C.Doubts. D.Results.22.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.FewerSmartphones,MoreWell-beingB.NoSmartphoneUseIstheBestPolicyC.SmartphonesAreaPartofOurLivesD.ASmallSmartphone,TwoBigSides【答案】19.B20.C21.D22.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了研究人員研究發(fā)現(xiàn)減少屏幕時間有助于提高生活滿意度?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。文章第二段講到“Itbegsthequestion:Arepeopleallreallybetteroffswitchingbacktolandlines(座機)?(這就引出了一個問題：人們真的都回到固定電話上了嗎？)”可知第二段的目的是解釋為什么要做實驗，故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。文章第三段講到“Twohundredpeopleputtheirsmartphonescompletelyasideforaweek;226reducedtheamountoftimetheyusedthedevicebyonehouraday;193peopledidn’tchangeanythingintheirbehavior.(200人將智能手機完全擱置一周；226人將他們每天使用該設備的時間減少了一小時；193人的行為沒有任何改變)”，可知研究人員在測試志愿者之前把他們分成三個小組。故選C?！?1題詳解】詞句猜測題。劃線單詞上文“Wefoundthatbothcompletelygivingupthesmartphoneandreducingitsdailyusebyonehourhadpositiveeffectsonthewell-beingoftheparticipants(我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，完全放棄智能手機和減少一小時的日常使用都對參與者的幸福感產(chǎn)生了積極影響。)”可知，Brailovskaia對上文進行的研究進行sumsup“總結(jié)”，然后得出結(jié)論或者結(jié)果。由此可知，第四段中帶下劃線的單詞“upshots”可以用Results“后果，結(jié)果”代替。故選D?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，主要介紹了研究人員研究發(fā)現(xiàn)減少屏幕時間有助于提高生活滿意度。尤其倒數(shù)第二段“Thisgroupalsoshowedimprovedlifesatisfaction,moreexercise,andlessdepression.(這組人的生活滿意度也有所提高，運動量增加，抑郁程度降低)”可知，A項“智能手機越少，幸福感越強”可以作為本文的最佳標題。故選A。CMr.Jafriisa44-year-oldartistfromEngland.In2020,asCOVID-19spreadandmanycountrieswentintolockdown,Mr.JafriwasinDubai,UnitedArabEmirates.Ratherthanfeelingstuckbecausehewasunabletomoveon.Mr.Jafridecidedtotakeonahugeprojectthatcould“makeareallybigdifference”.Hedecidedtocreatetheworld’slargestpainting.Andhewantedtodoitinawaythatwouldinvolvepeoplefromaroundtheworld.Heaskedchildrenwhoarefondofdrawingtosendhimpicturesshowinghowtheywerefeelingduringthepandemic(流行病).Hegotartworkfromkidsin140differentcountries.Usingthechildren’sideasasastartingpoint.Mr.Jafribegantopaint...Mr.Jafrihopedthathispainting,called“TheJourneyofHumanity”,wouldhelpbringtheworldtogetherduringthedifficulttime.Hetriedtokeeptheideasfromthechildren’spicturesinhismind.Heevenincludedthechildren’sdrawingsintheartwork.WhenhefinishedthepaintinginSeptember.2020.hehadsetaGuinnessWorldRecordfortheworld’slargestpainting.Thepaintingwasroughlythesizeoffourbasketballcourts.SinceMr.Jafri’sgoalwastoraisemoneytohelpchildren.thepaintingwassplitupintolargesections,Mr.Jafrihopedthatbysellingthesectionsseparately,hecouldraise$30million.Butwhentheauction(拍賣)endedonMarch22.2021.Mr.Jafrididmuchbetterthanthat.Andhedidn’thavetosplitupthepieces.Thewholeartworkwassoldfor$62million.AndreAbdoune,aninfluentialFrenchbusinessman.purchasedall70sectionsofcanvases(畫布).“IwasimpressedbythevisualeffectsofthepaintingwhenIsawit,”Mr.Abdounesaid.”Andforme,itwouldhavebeenamistaketoseparatethepieces.”KnowingthatthemoneywouldgotocharityalsohelpedMr.Abdounedecidetopaymore.Hesayshewaspoorinchildhood,sohe’sgladtohelpchildrenaroundtheworldbybuyingthegiantpainting.Heplanstobuildaspecialexhibitionhalltoshowtheartworkoff.23.WhatinspiredMr.Jafritobeginhisproject?A.Kids’greatcrazinessforfamousartists.B.People’sincreasingpassionforpaintings.C.Thebadsituationinmanycountriesforpandemic.D.Theincreasingpraiseforhimfromthepeople.24.What'sJafri'spurposeofcreatingtheworld'slargestpainting?A.Tostirupchildren’sinterestinpainting.B.Tomakeahugeprofit.C.Toconnectthepeopleintheworldtogether.D.Toholdanextraordinaryexhibition.25.What'sthemainideaofthefourthparagraph?A.Mr.Jafri’sprojectreceivedanunexpectedamazingresult.B.Mr.Jafri’soriginalplanturnedoutafailure.C.Mr.Jafri’sexhibitionwasheldseparatelyinfourbasketballcourts.D.ItwasevidentthatnobodycouldaffordMr.Jafri’spainting.26.WhatkindofpersoncanweconcludeMr.Abdouneis?A.Generousandcompetent. B.Stupidbutproud.C.Aggressiveandshort-sighted. D.Honestandadventurous.【答案】23.C24.C25.A26.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。疫情肆虐期間，一位被困異國的英國藝術家創(chuàng)作了世界上最大的一幅畫，想要以此將全世界的人們聯(lián)系起來?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“In2020,asCOVID-19spreadandmanycountrieswentintolockdown,Mr.JafriwasinDubai,UnitedArabEmirates.Ratherthanfeelingstuckbecausehewasunabletomoveon.Mr.Jafridecidedtotakeonahugeprojectthatcould"makeareallybigdifference”.(2020年，隨著2019冠狀病毒疾病的傳播和許多國家的封鎖，Jafri當時正在阿拉伯聯(lián)合酋長國的迪拜。他沒有因為無法繼續(xù)前進而感到困頓，而是決定承擔一個巨大的項目，這個項目可能“產(chǎn)生巨大的影響”。)”可知，2020年，隨著新冠種炎疫情蔓延，許多國家都封鎖了，Jafri沒有因為不能出行而感到困頓，而是決定做一個可能“產(chǎn)生重大影響”的大項目，是因為疫情下許多國家精糕的狀況使得Jufri產(chǎn)生了接下來想做一個巨大項目——創(chuàng)作一個世界上最大的油畫的想法。故選C項?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Andhewantedtodoitinawaythatwouldinvolvepeoplefromaroundtheworld.(他想讓全世界的人都參與進來。)”可知Jafr決定創(chuàng)作世界上最大的油畫的目的是想讓世界各地的人都參與進來，也就是說把全世界的人都聯(lián)系在一起。故選C項?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。本題問的是第四段的段落大意。根據(jù)本段中“Mr.Jafrihopedthatbysellingthesectionsseparately,hecouldraise$30million.ButwhentheauctionendedonMarch22.2021.Mr.Jafrididmuchbeterthanthat.Andhedidn'thavetosplitupthepieces.Thewholeartworkwassoldfor$62million.(Jafri希望通過單獨出售這些部分，他可以籌集3000萬美元。但當拍賣在2021年3月22日結(jié)束時，杰弗里先生做得比這更好。他不必把巨幅畫作分開。整個藝術品以6200萬美元的價格售出)”可知，Jafri最初希望通過分開出售畫作各部分，來籌集3000萬美元。但當拍賣會結(jié)束時，結(jié)果比預想的要好得多。不但沒有把油畫分開，而且整個藝術作品的售價是6200萬美元，所以說本段主要描述Jalri的油畫拍賣取得非常驚人的結(jié)果。故選A項?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第二段第一句中的“aninfluentialFrenchbusinessman(有影響力的法國商人)”可知，Abdoune是一位有影響力的法國商人，說明很有能力，然后下文讀到他買下了全部70輻畫布，根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句話可知，他很高興能通過購買這幅巨幅油畫來幫助世界各地的孩子且他計劃建造一個特別的展廳來展示這件藝術品，可見他很慷慨。故選A項。DPredatory(捕食類的)insectsbenefitgreatlyfromflowersandcanevensurviveforlongperiodsoftimeonnectar(花蜜)andpollen(花粉)alone,accordingtoanewstudy.Farmerscanpromoteaproductionofnaturalenemiestodefeatpests(害蟲)byplantingflowersnearcropsintheirfields.“Pollenandnectararethingsthatbeneficialinsectscansurviveonwhenpestsaren'taround.Byplantingawidevarietyofflowersbothearlyandlateintheseason,onecanensureagoodeffectthatensuresthesurvivalofpredatorsthroughoutthegrowingseason,”saysLeneSigsgaard,professoroftheplantandenvironmentalsciencesdepartmentattheUniversityofCopenhagen.Thisisgoodnewsforthegreentransition,aseffectivepestcontrolcanhelpreducetheuseofagriculturalpesticides.Besides,thepresenceofmoreflowersimprovespollinationandbiodiversity,astheyattractmoreinsectsandpollinatorsintofields.”InorderforpredatoryInsectstoapproachflowernectar,easilyapproachableopenflowersneedtobeplanted,aspredatoryinsectsaren'tequippedwiththelongfeedingtubesthatbeeshave,theresearcherssay.Foodfromflowersboostsenergyforpredators.Specifically,theresearchersfoundthatacrossallpredatoryinsects,femalessurvive2.2timeslongergettingaccesstoflowers,andmales1.7timeslonger,comparedtoinsectsthatonlyhaveaccesstowater.“Itpaystodesigntomorrow’sagriculturesoastoplantwildfloweringplantsalongsidefields.Forthegreatestimpact,wearelookingathowtodesignfloweringfieldsthatbenefitbothpredatoryinsectsandpollinators.Thiswillreducetheneedforotherformsofpestcontrolwhilesupportingbiodiversity.”Lenesays.Theresearchersrecommendnative,continuousflowerstocreatehabitatsforpredatoryinsects,placeswheretheycanwinteraswell.Itisalsoimportanttohaveawidevarietyofspeciesthatproduceflowersduringdifferentseasonsandbenefitdifferentinsects.27.Whydidtheresearcherssuggestplantingflowersnexttocrops?A.Tohelpcropsgrowfaster. B.Tomakeflowersgrowstronger.C.Tomakefulluseofnaturalresources. D.Toensurethesupplyofpredatoryinsects.28.WhatcanwelearnaboutpredatoryinsectsinParagraph3?A.Theymainlyfeedonnectar. B.Theyhavedifficultygettingenergy.C.Theycanlivelongerfeedingonflowers. D.Theycangetaccesstoanyflowerseasily.29WhatisimpliedinLene’swordsinthelastparagraph?A.Designingfloweringfieldsproperlyhassignificantinfluence.B.Maintainingbiodiversityisimportanttoagriculture.C.Itisbeneficialtocreatevarioushabitatsforinsects.D.Itisnecessarytohavegoodpestcontrol.30.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Awaytoimprovebiodiversity.B.Awaytogrowflowersfastandwell.C.Awaytoprotectcropsagainstpestsinfields.D.Awaytoincreaseagriculturalproductionquickly.【答案】27.D28.C29.A30.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了可以通過在農(nóng)田作物附近種植花卉來提高天敵的產(chǎn)量以消滅害蟲，并保護農(nóng)作物的方法。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Predatory(捕食類的)insectsbenefitgreatlyfromflowersandcanevensurviveforlongperiodsoftimeonnectar(花蜜)andpollen(花粉)alone,accordingtoanewstudy.Farmerscanpromoteaproductionofnaturalenemiestodefeatpests(害蟲)byplantingflowersnearcropsintheirfields.”（一項新的研究表明，掠食性昆蟲從花中獲益匪淺，甚至可以僅靠花蜜和花粉長時間存活。農(nóng)民可以通過在田間作物附近種植花卉來促進天敵的生產(chǎn)，從而消滅害蟲。）可知，研究人員建議在農(nóng)田附近種植花卉，是因為花朵可以讓掠食性昆蟲存活，種植花卉就可以保證農(nóng)作物旁邊有掠食性昆蟲，從而可以消滅害蟲。故選D。【28題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Specifically,theresearchersfoundthatacrossallpredatoryinsects,femalessurvive2.2timeslongergettingaccesstoflowers,andmales1.7timeslonger,comparedtoinsectsthatonlyhaveaccesstowater.”（具體來說，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，在所有的掠食性昆蟲中，與只獲得水的昆蟲相比，獲得花朵的雌性昆蟲的存活時間延長了2.2倍。雄性昆蟲則延長了1.7倍。）可知，掠食性昆蟲可以靠花卉活得更久。故選C?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中““Itpaystodesigntomorrow’sagriculturesoastoplantwildfloweringplantsalongsidefields.Forthegreatestimpact,wearelookingathowtodesignfloweringfieldsthatbenefitbothpredatoryinsectsandpollinators.Thiswillreducetheneedforotherformsofpestcontrolwhilesupportingbiodiversity.””（“設計未來的農(nóng)業(yè)以及在農(nóng)田邊種植野生開花植物，是值得的。為了產(chǎn)生最大的影響，我們正在研究如何設計既有利于捕食昆蟲又有利于傳粉昆蟲的開花田地。這將在支持生物多樣性的同時，減少對其他形式蟲害防治的需求?！保┛芍琇ene的話說明了合理設計花田有重大影響。故選A?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Predatory(捕食類的)insectsbenefitgreatlyfromflowersandcanevensurviveforlongperiodsoftimeonnectar(花蜜)andpollen(花粉)alone,accordingtoanewstudy.Farmerscanpromoteaproductionofnaturalenemiestodefeatpests(害蟲)byplantingflowersnearcropsintheirfields.”（一項新的研究表明，掠食性昆蟲從花中獲益匪淺，甚至可以僅靠花蜜和花粉長時間存活。農(nóng)民可以通過在田間作物附近種植花卉來促進天敵的生產(chǎn)，從而消滅害蟲。）可知，本文主要講述了可以通過農(nóng)田作物附近種植花卉來提高天敵的產(chǎn)量以消滅害蟲，并保護農(nóng)作物的方法。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。TipsForChoosingACareerChoosingacareerisoneofthemostimportantdecisionsyouwillevermake.Whileselectingacareercanbeadifficultprocess,thefollowingtipscanmakethisprocesseasierforyou.Carefulreadingaboutpotentialcareersisvital.____31____It’simportanttocollectinformationsuchascareerdescriptions,careeroutlooks,employmentstatistics,educationalrequirements,andpotentialearnings.____32____Dothisfrequentlysincetheselistskeepchanging.A“hotjob”todaymaynotbe“hot”nextyearortheyearafternextyear.Whenevaluatingtheselists,keepinmindyourinterests,skillsandjobsatisfactionrequirements.Findamentor(指導者).Manycollegesandemployershaveaformalmentoringprogram.____33____Itisagreatwaytolearnaboutacareer,andamentorcanprovidevaluablenetworkingopportunities.Interviewingpeopleinthefieldisanexcellentwaytolearnaboutthevariousaspectsofacareer.____34____Informationalinterviewsoftenchangeaperson’sperspectiveaboutanoccupation.Youcanfindinterviewcandidatesbyaskingfriends,teachersandneighbors.Youcanalsocontactrelevantprofessionalassociationsandsocietiesandvisitappreciatesocialandprofessionalnetworkingsitesonline.Theskillsrequiredforacareerareanessentialfactorforanindividual’spotentialforsuccessinthatcareer.Writealistoftheskillsneededforaparticularfield.Placeachecknexttoeachskillyoupossess.____35____A.Lookforlistsof“hotjobs”ontheInternetandinmagazines.B.Themorechecksyoumake,themorelikelythisfieldisrightforyou.C.Youwilldiscoverdetailedinformationaboutcareersthatyouwerenotawareof.D.Potentialcareersarethejobswhichyouwillhaveinthefuture.E.Atlast,pleasecountthenumberofchecksyouhave.F.Doingthismayalsoprovidegoodsocialcommunicationopportunities.G.Also,formalmentoringorganizationsareavailablethatmatchmentorswithindividuals.【答案】31.C32.A33.G34.F35.B【解析】【分析】本文是說明文。文章說明了選擇職業(yè)時的幾個要點。讀有關職業(yè)的材料，了解就業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)，找到指導者，與這一領域的人進行面談等都有利于選擇職業(yè)?！?1題詳解】上文“Carefulreadingaboutpotentialcareersisvital.（關于潛在職業(yè)的仔細閱讀是至關重要的。）”說明你能從仔細閱讀中得到有關職業(yè)的信息，C項“你將會發(fā)現(xiàn)你沒有意識到的有關職業(yè)的細節(jié)信息”符合題意。故選C?！?2題詳解】下文“Dothisfrequentlysincetheselistskeepchanging.A“hotjob”todaymaynotbe“hot”nextyearortheyearafternextyear.（因為清單一直在變化，所以頻繁地做這些事。今天的熱門工作可能明年或者后年就不熱門了。）”說明上文要關注熱門工作，A項“在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)或者雜志中尋找熱門工作清單?！狈项}意。故選A。【33題詳解】上文“Manycollegesandemployershaveaformalmentoringprogram.（許多大學和雇傭者會有正式的指導項目。）”，下文“Itisagreatwaytolearnaboutacareer（這是一個了解職業(yè)的好的方式）”，由此可知，空處應涉及個人與指導者之間的關系，G項中“matchmentorswithindividuals”連接上下文，表示“并且，正式的指導者組織也可以將指導者與個人聯(lián)系起來。”故選G。34題詳解】上文“Interviewingpeopleinthefieldisanexcellentwaytolearnaboutthevariousaspectsofacareer.”說明和這一領域的人進行面談是了解職業(yè)不同方面的極好的方式，空處應繼續(xù)說明這樣做的好處，F(xiàn)項中also是關鍵詞，與上文是遞進關系，F(xiàn)項“這樣做也會提供好的社會交流機會?！狈项}意。故選F。【35題詳解】上文“Placeachecknexttoeachskillyoupossess.（在你擁有的每項技能旁邊打勾。）”說明多擁有技能的重要性，B項“你打的勾越多，這個領域就越可能適合你?！狈项}意。故選B。第四部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)BornandraisedinDunhuang,NorthwestChina’sGansuProvince,YaoYanbei____36____toDunhuangasapromising____37____aftergraduatingfromacollegeinXiamen.In2016,inspiredbypatternsinDunhuangmurals(壁畫),Yao____38____atoycamel.“Throughthetoycamel,Iintendedto____39____thespiritofthelocalswhoareusuallytough-mindedandhard-working,”Yaosaid.InAugust2017,Yaospentnearlyamonthinsidegrottoes(石窟)drawingthemurals.“Stayinginthegrottoesfromdawntodusk,Ifelt____40____connectedwiththeancientartistswho____41____themurals.Itwasanamazing____42____,”shesaid.Inspiredbythesculpturesandmurals,Yaolaterdesignedsomeinnovativeproducts,includingT-shirts,bookmarks,pocketmirrorsandkeyrings.ThankstotheeffortsofdesignerslikeYao,the____43____andcreativeindustrybegantotakerootinDunhuang.Startingfrom2018,everyyearthecityhas____44____aninternationaldesignweektohelp_____45_____theindustry.“Bypoolingthewisdomofdesignersfromhomeandabroad,wewanttomakeDunhuang’screative_____46_____morefashionable,”saidLiuMengxing,avicegeneralmanagerofalocalcompany.Lookingaheadather_____47_____indesign,Yaoplansto_____48_____Dunhuang’sancientartfurtherandapplythewisdomofancientartiststoproductsofmodernlife.“Iwanttodesignmorecreativeproductsthat_____49_____tomoreinternationalcustomers,”saidYao.“Ihopemydesigncanbringpeople_____50_____toDunhuang.”36.A.returned B.escaped C.travelled D.came37.A.author B.architect C.designer D.engineer38.A.drew B.created C.imagined D.bought39.A.convey B.test C.obtain D.comment40.A.emotionally B.spiritually C.physically D.materially41.A.wrote B.painted C.displayed D.watched42.A.experience B.memory C.discovery D.attempt43.A.traditional B.modern C.ancient D.cultural44.A.held B.showed C.pooled D.taken45.A.change B.strengthen C.p