2023年研究生入學《英語二》重點考試題庫點睛提升題

地區(qū):_________________編號:_________________姓名:_________________學校:_________________ 密封線 地區(qū):_________________編號:_________________姓名:_________________學校:_________________ 密封線 密封線 2023年英語二題庫題號一二三四五六閱卷人總分得分注意事項:1.全卷采用機器閱卷，請考生注意書寫規(guī)范；考試時間為120分鐘。2.在作答前，考生請將自己的學校、姓名、地區(qū)、準考證號涂寫在試卷和答題卡規(guī)定位置。

3.部分必須使用2B鉛筆填涂;非選擇題部分必須使用黑色簽字筆書寫，字體工整，筆跡清楚。

4.請按照題號在答題卡上與題目對應的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)規(guī)范作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效:在草稿紙、試卷上答題無效。A卷（第I卷）第I卷（考試時間:120分鐘）一、單選題1、"Googleisnotaconventionalcompany.WedonotItobecomeone,"wroteLarryPageandSergeyBrin,thesearchfirm'sfounders,inalettertoinvestorsaheadofitsstockmarketflotationin2004.Sincethen,Googlehasbumisheditsreputation20neofthequirkiestcompaniesontheplanet.Thisyearaloneithas3eyebrowsbytakingastakeinawind-energyprojectofftheeastcoastofAmericaandbytestingself-drivingcars,whichhavealready_40ver140,000miles（225,OOOkm）onthecountry'sroads.Googlehasbeenableto5suchflightsoffancy6itsamazinglysuccessfulonline-searchbusiness.Thishas7handsomereturnsforthefirm'sinvestors,whohaveseenthecompany8itselfinthespaceofamere12yearsfromatinystart-upintoabehemothwitha$180billionmarketcapitalisationthatsprawls9avastheadquartersinSiliconValleyknownastheGoogleplex.Google10stretchesacrosstheweblikeagiantspider,withalegineverythingfromonlinesearchande-mailtosocialnetworkingandweb-basedsoftwareapplications,orapps.AllthishasturnedGoogleintoaforcetobereckonedwith.11nowthechampionoftheunorthodoxisfacedwithtwoconventionalbusinesschallenges.Thefirst12placatingregulators,whofretthatitmaybeabusingitsconsiderable13.OnNovember30ththeEuropeanUnion14aformalinvestigationintoclaimsthatGooglehasbeen15searchresultstogiveanunfairadvantagetoitsownservices-achargethefirmvigorously16.TheotherchallengefacingGoogleishowtofindnewsourcesofgrowth.17alltheexperimentsithaslaunched,thefirmisstillheavilydependentonsearch-relatedadvertising.Ironically,investors'biggestworryisthatGooglewillend18likeMicrosoft,whichhas19tofindbignewsourcesof20andprofittoreplacethosefromitstwoageingponies,theWindowsoperatingsystemandtheOmcesuiteofbusinesssoftware.ThatexplainswhyGoogle'ssharepricehasstagnated.12選？A.revoltsB.involvesC.revolvesD.evolves答案：B本題解析：動詞辨析題。原文為Thefirstplacatingregulators．whofretthatitmaybeabusingitsconsiderable．（首先谷歌安撫那些擔心其濫用的監(jiān)管者。）根據(jù)句子的意思只能選擇involves，表示“需要”，故B項為正確選項?！靖蓴_排除】A項revolts“造反，反抗”、C項revolves“旋轉(zhuǎn)”、D項evolves“進化”，代人文中均不符合文意，故排除。2、WanenBuffett,whowillhostBerkshireHathaway'sannualshareholders'meetingonMay3rd,isaniconofAmericancapitalism.At83,healsoepitomhesasLrikingdemographic1:forhighlyskilledpeopletogoonworkingwellint02wasoncethoughttobeoldage.Acrosstherichworld,well-educatedpeople3worklongerthantheless-skilled.Some65%ofAmericanmenaged62-74withaprofessionaldeUeeareinthe4,comparedwith32900fmenwithonlyahigh-schoolcertificate.IntheEuropeanUnionLhepatternissimilar.This5ispartofadeepeningdividebetweenthewell-educated6andtheunskiUedpoorthatisslicing7allagegroups.Rapidinnovationhasraisedtheincomesofthehighlyskilledwhile8thoseoftheunskilled.Those8tthecopareworkinglongerhourseachyearthanthoseatthebottom.9thewell-qualifiedareextendingtheirworkinglives,comparedwiththoseofless-educatedpeople.The10,forindrvidualsandsociety,areprofound.Theworldisonthe11riseinthenumberofoldpeople,andtheywilllivelongerthaneverbefore.12thenext20yearstheglobalpopulationofthoseaged65ormorewillalmostdouble,from600mto1.1billion.The13ofthe20thcentury,whengreaterlongevitytranslatedintomoreyearsinretirement14moreyearsatwork,haspersuadedmanyobserversthatthisshiftwill15slowereconomicgrowthand"secularstagnation",whilethe16ranksofpensionerswillbustgovernmentbudgets.Butthenotionofasharpdivisionbetweentheworkingyoungandthe170ldmissesanewtrend,the18gapbetweentheskilledandtheunskilled.EmploymentratesarefallingamongyoungerunskiUedpeople,190lderskilledfolkareworkinglonger.ThedivideismostextremeinAmerica,wherewell-educatedbaby-boomersare20retirementwhilemanyless-skilledyoun-gerpeoplehavedroppedoutoftheworkforce.15選？A.turntoB.leantoC.tendtoD.leadto答案：D本題解析：詞組辨析題。[A]turnto轉(zhuǎn)向；[B]leanto偏向，傾向；[C]tendto傾向；[D]leadto導致。首先，選項[B][C]都有“傾向”的意思，可以共同排除。本句說：thisshiftwill15slowereconomicgrowth.大意是“這種轉(zhuǎn)變將____經(jīng)濟增長緩慢?！憋@然leadto符合語義，故[D]為正確答案。3、TextlCyclinginLondonislesspleasantthaninmanyEuropeancities.Mainroadsteemwithlorries;windingbackstreetsarehardLonavigate.Thenumberofbicyclejourneyshasnonethelessdoubledsince2000.Nationally,just2qopedaltowork.InHackney,inLondon'sEastEnd,fully9%do.Butonly2%ofwomencycletoworkinLondon,comparedwith5%ofmen.Blacksandotherethnicminoritiesarereluctanttodoit,too.Bori6Johnson,London'smayor,oversawtheintroductionofabike-hiringscheme,whichwasstartedbyhispredecessorbutquicklybecameknownasthe"Borisbike".Hepushedforbrightbluecyclepathsonsomebusyroads.Butthenewcyclehighwaysarefarmoreambitiousandpermanent.Onewillruneast-westthroughtheCityandtheWestEnd.AnotherwillruntwomilesfromElephantandCastleinthesouthtoFarringdoninnorthLondon.FourexistinE;routeswillalsobeimproved,whilearound300fthecity'sbusiestjunctionswiUbemadeabitlessdangerous.ThenewsuperhighwaysoughtiobemuchsaferthanLondon'sexistingcyclelanes.Araisedpavementwillkeepcyclistsawayfromcarsandlorries.Junctionswillberedesignedandsomeparkingbays-includingarewforthedisabled-willberemoved.Carswillbepreventedfromturningdowncertainstreets.Similarschemesexistelsewhere:since2007around30milesofprotectedcyclelaneshavebeencreatedinNewYork.InAmsterdam,wherelaneshaveexistedfordecades,oldpeopleandwomenarefarmoreinclinedtocycle.Greenshavelonglobbiedforcyclepathsonthegroundsthatmovin8peopleoutofcarscutsairpoUution.Aseriesofhighlypublicisedaccidents,includingoneinvolvinganewspaperjournalist,andseveraldeathsinthecityhavealsoputpressureonthemayortomakeLondonsafer.Andthesocialtransformationofthecapitalhasencouragedofficialstosmileoncyclists.ThepopulationofinnerLondonisreboundingasaffluenLfolkmovein.Thenewinhabitantswantcleanerstreetsandfewercars,whichareviewedassuburban.Cyclingwasonceameansoftransportforthepoor.Butithasbecomeanimporlantmarkerofanaffluentworldcity,arguesIsabelDedring,thedeputymayorfortransport."There'smorepressureoncitiestobeniceplacestolive,"shesays.AccordingtoIsabelDedring,onepressuremodemcitiesfaceis_____A.howtobeaffluentB.howtobehabitableC.howtoboostcyclingD.howtoreducepollution答案：B本題解析：細節(jié)題。根據(jù)IsabelDedring定位到最后一段最后一句：“There'smorepressureoncitiestobeniceplacestolive,"shesays.其中she指代IsabelDedring;pressureoncities=onepressuremoderncitiesface;答案句為：tobeniceplacestolive“成為宜居之地”。選項[A]howtobeaffluent“如何變得富裕”；[B]howtobehabitable“如何變得宜居”；[C]howtoboostcycling“如何促進自行車騎行”；[D]howtoreducepollution“如何減少污染”。顯然，與答案句同義替換的選項為[B]howtobehabitable，其中habitable=niceplacestolive。4、Poets,songwritersandpoliticianshatetheidea,butfordecadesopinion-pollevidencehasbeenclear:moneybuyshappinessandthericheryouare,themorelikelyyouaretoexpresssatisfactionwithyourlife.Untilnow,asurveyof43countries1onOctober30thbythePewResearchCentreofWashington,DC,showsthatpeoplein2markeisareexpressingalmostthesamelevelofsatisfactionaspeopleinrichcountries.Itisthebiggest3tothestandardviewofhappinessandincomeseen4.ThePewpollasksrespondentsto5,onascalefromzerototen,howgoodtheirlivesare.（Thosewhosaybetweensevenandtenarecountedas6.）In2007,57%ofrespondentsinrichcountriesputthemselvesinthetopfourtiers;inemergingmarketsthe7was33%;inpoorcountriesonly16%-aclassic80fthestandardview.Butin2014,540/oofrich-countryrespondentscountedthemselvesashappy,whereasinemergingmarketsthepercentage9t051%.Thiswashappeningjustatatimewhenemergingmarkets'chancesofconvergingeconomically10theWestseemedtobe11.Richcountriesdidnotexperience12declinesinhappiness.ThedecreasesinAmericaandBritainweretiny（asinglepercentagepoint）,13theshareofh8ppyGennansrose13points.AlargedropinformerlyjoyfulSpainensuredamodestoveraUdeclinefortherich.14theconvcrgencehappened15hugeimprovementsincountriessuchasIndonesiaandPakistan.In12ofthe24emergingmarkets,halformorepeople16theirlifesatisfactioninthetoptiersoftheladder.Thisisnott017thelinkbetweenincomeandsatrsfactionhasbeensnapped.Poorcountriesstill18:onlyaquarterofthepeoplethereareinthehappytiers-halftheleveloftheother'twogroups.Thereis19aclearlinkbetweenhappinessandincomegrowth.China'sGDProseatanannualaveragerateof10%in2007-2014anditshappinesslevelrose26points.20countries,richerpeopleexpressmoresatisfactionthantheirpoorerneighbours.19選？A.alsoB.onlyC.evenD.neither答案：A本題解析：邏輯關系題。上文反復提到thelinkbetweenincomeandsatisfaction“收入與滿足感之間的關系”，該句說：Thereis19aclearlinkbetweenhappinessandincomegrowth.顯然二者意思接近，屬于并列關系，故本題選擇[A]。5、WanenBuffett,whowillhostBerkshireHathaway'sannualshareholders'meetingonMay3rd,isaniconofAmericancapitalism.At83,healsoepitomhesasLrikingdemographic1:forhighlyskilledpeopletogoonworkingwellint02wasoncethoughttobeoldage.Acrosstherichworld,well-educatedpeople3worklongerthantheless-skilled.Some65%ofAmericanmenaged62-74withaprofessionaldeUeeareinthe4,comparedwith32900fmenwithonlyahigh-schoolcertificate.IntheEuropeanUnionLhepatternissimilar.This5ispartofadeepeningdividebetweenthewell-educated6andtheunskiUedpoorthatisslicing7allagegroups.Rapidinnovationhasraisedtheincomesofthehighlyskilledwhile8thoseoftheunskilled.Those8tthecopareworkinglongerhourseachyearthanthoseatthebottom.9thewell-qualifiedareextendingtheirworkinglives,comparedwiththoseofless-educatedpeople.The10,forindrvidualsandsociety,areprofound.Theworldisonthe11riseinthenumberofoldpeople,andtheywilllivelongerthaneverbefore.12thenext20yearstheglobalpopulationofthoseaged65ormorewillalmostdouble,from600mto1.1billion.The13ofthe20thcentury,whengreaterlongevitytranslatedintomoreyearsinretirement14moreyearsatwork,haspersuadedmanyobserversthatthisshiftwill15slowereconomicgrowthand"secularstagnation",whilethe16ranksofpensionerswillbustgovernmentbudgets.Butthenotionofasharpdivisionbetweentheworkingyoungandthe170ldmissesanewtrend,the18gapbetweentheskilledandtheunskilled.EmploymentratesarefallingamongyoungerunskiUedpeople,190lderskilledfolkareworkinglonger.ThedivideismostextremeinAmerica,wherewell-educatedbaby-boomersare20retirementwhilemanyless-skilledyoun-gerpeoplehavedroppedoutoftheworkforce.1選？A.sightB.trendC.signD.track答案：B本題解析：名詞辨析題。[A]sight視野；[B]trend趨勢；[C]sign標志；[D]track軌道。demographic一詞表示“人口的，人口統(tǒng)計的”，可與之形成搭配的名詞為“trend”，其余選項均無法與之搭配，故本題選擇[B]。6、Text3Itisagoodtimetobeafisherman.Theglobalfish-priceindexoftheUN'sFoodandAgriculturalOrganization（FAO）hitarecordhighinMay.Changingconsumerdiets,particularlyinChina,explainmuchofthesustainedupwardmovement.Highoilprices,whichincreasethecostoffishingandtransportation,alsoaddtothepriceofputtingfishonLhetable.NotallfisharecreaLedequal,however.Therearetwotypesoffishproduction:"capture"（orwild）and"aquaculture"（orfarmed）.Andtheyseemtobeondifferenttracks.Fishsuchastuna,themajorityofwhichiscau~;htwild,sawmuchbiggerpriceincreasesthansalmon,whichiseasiertofarm.Overall,theFAO'spriceindexforwildfishnearlydoubledbetween1990and2012,whereastheoneforfarmedfishrosebyonlyafifth.Whatexplainsthisbigdifference?Theamountofwildfishcapturedgloballyhasbarelychangedinthepasttwodecades.Theceiling,ofabout90mtonnesayear,seemstohavebeenreachedattheendofthe1980s.Overfishingisonereason,asisthelimitedroomforproduclivitygrowth,particularlyifconsumerswanthighquality.PatriceGuillotreauoftheUniversityofNantestellsthestoryofafleetinFrancethatdecidedtotrawl,ratherthanline-catch,itstuna.Itbraughimorebacktoshore,butthefishweredamaged.Itcouldnotbesoldashigh-valuefilletsandwasonlygoodforcanning.Theoldwaysofcatchingfisharestillbestifyouwantthehighestprofits,saysMrCuiUotreau.Incontrast,thefarmed-fishindustrycontinuestomakeproductivityimprovements.Fishfarmshavefoundcraftywaystouselowerquantitiesoffishmealasfeed.Intheearlydaysofaquaculture,itcouldtakeuptotenpoundsofwildfishtoproduceonepoundofsalmon.Nowthenumberisdowntofive.Thatmaystillbeaninefficientuseofprotein,buttheratioissettoimprovefurther.Fishfarmshavealsobecomemoreenergy-efficient,meaningthattheyarelessaffectedbyhigherenergypnces.AndtheyhavelearnedhowtohandlediseasesbeUer,reducingthequanlityoffishthatendsupbeingunsellable.Asaresuliofalltheseimprovements,theglobalproductionoffarmedfish,measuredintonnes,nowexceedstheproducUonofbeef.Outputislikelytocontinuegrowing:theFAOestimatesthalby2020itwillreachsixtimesitsI990level.Tunaandsalmonarementionedtoshowthat______A.salmonisnotasexpensiveastunaB.tunaismorepopularamongconsumersC.wildfishismorepreciousthanfarmedfishD.thepricesoffishareinfactdecidedbyFAO答案：C本題解析：例證題。根據(jù)tunaandsalmon定位到第二段第四句。答案句來自下一句：Overall．theFAO'spriceindexforwildfishnearlydoubledbetween1990and2012,whereastheoneforfarmedfishrosebyonlyafifth.文章舉金槍魚和三文魚的例子，是為了說明野生魚的價格漲幅大，而養(yǎng)殖魚的價格相對漲幅小，即野生魚比養(yǎng)殖魚更珍貴，選項[C]wildfishismorepreciousthanfarmedfish“野生魚比養(yǎng)殖魚更珍貴”為答案。選項[A]salmonisnotasexpensiveastuna“三文魚不如金槍魚貴”“B]tunaismorepopularamongconsumers“金槍魚更受消費者歡迎”；這兩項圍繞salmon和tuna討論，明顯是表面選項，故可以排除。選項[D】thepricesoffishareinfactdecidedbyFAO“魚類價格實際上由聯(lián)合國糧食與農(nóng)業(yè)組織決定”；該項表述純屬無中生有。綜上，本題選擇[C]。7、WanenBuffett,whowillhostBerkshireHathaway'sannualshareholders'meetingonMay3rd,isaniconofAmericancapitalism.At83,healsoepitomhesasLrikingdemographic1:forhighlyskilledpeopletogoonworkingwellint02wasoncethoughttobeoldage.Acrosstherichworld,well-educatedpeople3worklongerthantheless-skilled.Some65%ofAmericanmenaged62-74withaprofessionaldeUeeareinthe4,comparedwith32900fmenwithonlyahigh-schoolcertificate.IntheEuropeanUnionLhepatternissimilar.This5ispartofadeepeningdividebetweenthewell-educated6andtheunskiUedpoorthatisslicing7allagegroups.Rapidinnovationhasraisedtheincomesofthehighlyskilledwhile8thoseoftheunskilled.Those8tthecopareworkinglongerhourseachyearthanthoseatthebottom.9thewell-qualifiedareextendingtheirworkinglives,comparedwiththoseofless-educatedpeople.The10,forindrvidualsandsociety,areprofound.Theworldisonthe11riseinthenumberofoldpeople,andtheywilllivelongerthaneverbefore.12thenext20yearstheglobalpopulationofthoseaged65ormorewillalmostdouble,from600mto1.1billion.The13ofthe20thcentury,whengreaterlongevitytranslatedintomoreyearsinretirement14moreyearsatwork,haspersuadedmanyobserversthatthisshiftwill15slowereconomicgrowthand"secularstagnation",whilethe16ranksofpensionerswillbustgovernmentbudgets.Butthenotionofasharpdivisionbetweentheworkingyoungandthe170ldmissesanewtrend,the18gapbetweentheskilledandtheunskilled.EmploymentratesarefallingamongyoungerunskiUedpeople,190lderskilledfolkareworkinglonger.ThedivideismostextremeinAmerica,wherewell-educatedbaby-boomersare20retirementwhilemanyless-skilledyoun-gerpeoplehavedroppedoutoftheworkforce.12選？A.OverB.AbouiC.OnD.Until答案：A本題解析：介詞辨析題。首先[c]On與year不搭配，可以排除[c]。[A]Overthenext20years表示“在未來20年內(nèi)”，over+時間表示“在一段時間內(nèi)”，該項符合語義。而[B]About代人表示“大約未來20年”；[D]Until代人表示“直到未來20年”，這兩項可以搭配，但不符合語義，故排除，本題選擇[A]。8、Poets,songwritersandpoliticianshatetheidea,butfordecadesopinion-pollevidencehasbeenclear:moneybuyshappinessandthericheryouare,themorelikelyyouaretoexpresssatisfactionwithyourlife.Untilnow,asurveyof43countries1onOctober30thbythePewResearchCentreofWashington,DC,showsthatpeoplein2markeisareexpressingalmostthesamelevelofsatisfactionaspeopleinrichcountries.Itisthebiggest3tothestandardviewofhappinessandincomeseen4.ThePewpollasksrespondentsto5,onascalefromzerototen,howgoodtheirlivesare.（Thosewhosaybetweensevenandtenarecountedas6.）In2007,57%ofrespondentsinrichcountriesputthemselvesinthetopfourtiers;inemergingmarketsthe7was33%;inpoorcountriesonly16%-aclassic80fthestandardview.Butin2014,540/oofrich-countryrespondentscountedthemselvesashappy,whereasinemergingmarketsthepercentage9t051%.Thiswashappeningjustatatimewhenemergingmarkets'chancesofconvergingeconomically10theWestseemedtobe11.Richcountriesdidnotexperience12declinesinhappiness.ThedecreasesinAmericaandBritainweretiny（asinglepercentagepoint）,13theshareofh8ppyGennansrose13points.AlargedropinformerlyjoyfulSpainensuredamodestoveraUdeclinefortherich.14theconvcrgencehappened15hugeimprovementsincountriessuchasIndonesiaandPakistan.In12ofthe24emergingmarkets,halformorepeople16theirlifesatisfactioninthetoptiersoftheladder.Thisisnott017thelinkbetweenincomeandsatrsfactionhasbeensnapped.Poorcountriesstill18:onlyaquarterofthepeoplethereareinthehappytiers-halftheleveloftheother'twogroups.Thereis19aclearlinkbetweenhappinessandincomegrowth.China'sGDProseatanannualaveragerateof10%in2007-2014anditshappinesslevelrose26points.20countries,richerpeopleexpressmoresatisfactionthantheirpoorerneighbours.2選？A.dominatingB.emergingC.vanishingD.declining答案：B本題解析：詞匯辨析題。[A]dominating主要的；[B]emerging新興的；[C]vanishing消失的；[D]declining衰退的。本空in2markecs與下文inrichcountries形成對比，與富裕、發(fā)達國家相對立的自然是發(fā)展中國家，即新興市場，選項[B]正確。9、Text3OliviaPedersenthoughttheNissanLeafparkedoutsideherfavouritelunchspotnearEmoryUniversity,mustbehers.Butshecouldnotopenthedoor.NorcouldsheopenthedooroftheidenticalLeafbehindit.Cautiously,shetriedthethirdLeafinlineandhappilydroveaway.Morethan14,000electricvehiclesarenowregisteredinGeorgia;CaliforniaisLheonlystatewithmore.ButthejuicystateincentivesforbuyingihemarecomingunderaUack.Residentscanclaimanincome-taxcreditfor20%ofthecostofleasingorpurchasinganelectricvehicle,upto$5,000.Combinedwithapossiblefederaltaxincentiveworth$7,500,savvyGeorgiansaredrivingallthewaytothebankinnearly-freeelectriccars.NissansellsmoreofitsLeafmodelsinAdantathaninanyothercity,accordingtoDonFrancisfromGeorgia,whichpromotestheuseofcarslikethese.SuchtrendsmotivatedChuckMartin,arepresentativeinGeorgia'sHouse,tosponsorabilltoendstateincentivesforelectricvehicles.Hearguesthattheincome-taxcreditcoststoomuch-about$13.6min2013-andthatonlyurbantypesbenefitfromthesesortsofcars.MrMartin'sbillwasvoteddownincommitteeinFebruary,butseemstobestillbreathing.AnotherHousebill,mostlytofinancetransportprojects,wouldreducethecredits;itisnowbeforetheSenate.FansofelectricvehiclessayCeorgianowleadsthecountryincleantransport.Localpowercompanieshavehelpedbyofferingoff-peakpricesofl.3centsperkilowatthourforchargingthecarsatnight.Andthesalestaxleviedonthispowerstaysinthestate,whereascashspentonpetrollargelygoeselsewhere,saysJeffCohen,founderoftheAtlantaElectricVehicleDevelopmentCoalition.CuttingthecreditsalLogethermightalsoharmGeorgiainotherways.AstudybyKeybridgePublicPolicyEconomics,aconsultancy,saysthestalecouldlose$252mby2030iftheydisap-pearandpeoplebuygas-guzzlersinstead.Thatisbecausedriverswillspend$714monpetroltogetaround（incontrastwiththe$261mtheywouldhavepaidinelectricitybills）,andwillnolongerfritterawaytheirsavingsfromthefederalelectric-vehicletaxcrediLinGeorgia'sshops.Butthestate'sincentivesmaybesafeinthelegislatureafterall;thepresidentoftheSenatedrivesanelectriccarhimself.AccordingtoParagraphl,Georgiamay______A.beunderattackforitsunreasonablepoliciesB.encouragepeopletopurchaseelectricvehiclesC.endstateincentivesforbuyingelectriccarssoonD.havethelargestnumberofelectriccarsinAmerica答案：B本題解析：細節(jié)題。根據(jù)Georgia定位到第一段后兩句：Moreihan14，000elecLricvehiclesarenowregisteredinGeorgia;Califomiaistheonlystatewithmore.ButthejuicystateincentivesforbuyingLhemarecomingunderattack．選項[A]beunderattackforitsunreasonablepolicies“因為其不合理的政策而受到抨擊”；原文juicyincentives指“誘人的激勵政策”，該項的unreasonablepolicies“不合理的政策”與之不符，故該項錯誤。[B]encouragepeopletopurchaseelectricvehicles“鼓勵人們購買電動汽車”；原文明確提到thejuicystateincentivesforbuyingthem“購買電動汽車誘人的激勵政策”，選項encourage“鼓勵”=incentives“激勵”；purchase=buy；elecLricvehicles=them；該項與原文是同義替換關系，該項正確。[C]endstaleincentivesforbuyingelectriccarssoon“很快結束購買電動汽車的地方激勵政策”；其中soon-詞過于絕對，文章提到這些激勵政策受到抨擊，但是沒有說這些政策會很快結束．end-詞程度夸大。綜合上下文，Georgia是一直在實行電動汽車購買激勵政策的。故該項錯誤。[D]havethelargestnumberofelectriccarsinAmerica“擁有美國數(shù)量最多的電動汽車”：原文明確提到Califomiaistheonlystatewithmore.即加州電動汽車數(shù)量最多，Georgia排名第二，故該項錯誤。綜上本題答案為[B]。10、Text2MarionNesde'she8vyweightcriticismagainstCoca-ColaandPepsiCocomesatanoddmomentfortheindustry.Americansaredrinkingfewersugarysodas-in2012productionwas23%belowwhatithadbeenadecadeearlier.Evensalesofdietdrinksarelosingtheirfizz,asconsumersquestion.themeritsofartificialsweeteners.Fromoneangle,itwouldseemthathealthadvocatessuchasMsNestlehavewon.YetinAmericacompaniesstillproduce30gallonsofregularfizzydrinksperpersonperyear.InmanycounLries,particularlydevelopingones,consumpLionisontherise.MsNestle,aprofessoratNewYorkUniversily,isbothinspiredbyrecentprogressanddissatisfiedwithit.Thatisnosurlmse.Herfirstbook,FoodPolitics,remainsabibleforthosewhocomplainaboutthepoweroffoodcompanies.Inhernewbooksheatiackstheindustry'smostwidelyconsumed,leasthealthyproduct.SodaPoluics,shesays,isabook"toinspirereaderstoaction".Asarallyingcry,itisverbose.Whenreadersleamonpage238thatshewillpickupapanicularsubjectinchapter25,itiswithnolitdedismaythattheyrealizetheyareonlyonchapter17.Butwhattheauthorwanismostistocraftadetailedguidetotheproducers'allegedviolation,andhowtostopthem.MsNesdesaysshewouldhavenocomplaintwithsweetfizzydrinksiftheyweresippedoccasionally,asatreat.However,formillionsofpeopleinmanycounUies,theyarenot.InMexicocompaniessold372cansoffizzydrinksperpersonin2012.AbouthalfofAmericansdonotdnnkthemRgularly,butthosewhodoaredisproportionatelypoor,lesseducaled,male,Hispanicorblack.10%ofAmericansdownmorethanfourcansaday.Drinkingalotofsweetfizzydrinksisplainlyunhealthy.UnlikeaBigMac,theyhavenonutritionalvalue;nordotheircaloriessatisfyhunger.Onelargestudyfoundthatforeachcanaddedtoaperson'sdailydiet,theriskofdiabeiesjumpedby22%.TherearealsolinksbeLweensugarandheartdisease,strokeandcancer.Drinkinglotsofsodasimposesclearcostsonindividuals,MsNestleargues,butithasabroadercost,too.Americantaxpayerssubsidizecornproductionandletthepoorusegovernmentfoodvoucherstobuyfizzydrinks.Moreimportant,taxpayersfootthehealthbiUforthosewhodevelopchronicdisease.Accordingtothelastparagraph,havingtoomanysodadrinks_____A.canincreasetheriskofdeathB.willinevitablyleadtodiabetesC.maybringtheproblemofobesityD.hassomethingtodowithcertaindiseases答案：D本題解析：細節(jié)題。定位到最后一段首句：DrinkingalotofsweetfizzydrinksisplainlyunheaILhy.其中alotof=toomany；fizzydrinks=sodadrinks。故答案關鍵詞為plainlyunhealthy“顯然不健康”。而更加完整的答案來自第三、四兩句：Onelargestudyfoundthatforeachcanaddedtoaperson'sdailydiet,theriskofdiabetesjumpedby22%.Therearealsolinksbetweensugarandheartdisease,strokeandcancer.達兩句明確指出喝太多碳酸飲料導致息糖尿病幾率上升，而且攝入過多糖分與心臟病、中風和癌癥有關聯(lián)。故答案為[D]hassomethingtodowithcertaindiseases“與某些疾病有關系”。選項[A]canincreasetheriskofdeath“可能增加死亡的風險”；文章說theriskofdiabetesjumped“患糖尿病風險增大”，該項屬于過分夸大。[B]willinevitablyleadtodiabetes“勢必引發(fā)糖尿病”；inevitably“不可避免地”一詞過于絕對，原文說的是“患糖尿病風險增加22%”。[C]maybringtheproblemofobesity“可能造成肥胖癥”；該項的obesity“肥胖癥”一詞在文中并沒有出現(xiàn)。綜上[D]正確。11、WhenGeorgeOsbome,ChancelloroftheExchequer,isspottedoutsideWestminster,heisveryoftenmakinganappearanceonabuildingsite,wearingafluorescentsafetyjacket.Itwasnosurprisetohearhimclaimonceagain,inhisbudgetspeechonMarch19th,that"We'regettingBritainbuilding".Sadly,giventhehugeexlenlofBritain'shousingshortage,thechancellor'sproposedinterventionsdonotadduptomuch.ThebiggestannouncementwasthatthegovernmentwillextendHelptoBuy,aschemethatguaranteesmortgagesforpeoplepurchasingnewlybuilthomes.MrOsbomealsohopestobuildanewtownatEbbsfleet,apatchofpost-industriallandintheThamesestuary,andpromisestospeeduptheredevelopmentofseveralrotting1960sand1970ssocialhousingestatesinLondon.Bymakingiteasierforhousebuilderstoshifttheirstock,HelptoBuyhasprobablyhelpedboostbuildingslightly,especiallyinnortherncitieswhereconstructionhadallbutceased.ExtendingtheprogrammewillboostBritain'shousingstockby120,000by2020,theTreasurycltums,thoughitwillalsoexposetaxpayerstoanyfuturehouse-pricecrash.MrOsbornealsoannouncedanewfundtosupportlendingiosmaUhousebuilders-whohavesLruggledtogetfinancing