高中英語語法常用動詞時(shí)態(tài)

關(guān)于高中英語語法常用動詞時(shí)態(tài)第1頁，課件共38頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月現(xiàn)在時(shí)過去時(shí)將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)一般

進(jìn)行完成

完成進(jìn)行各種時(shí)態(tài)一覽表dodoesdidwilldoshallshouldwouldamisdoingarewasdoingwereshallwillshouldbedoingwouldhavedonehashaddoneshallhavedonewill

shouldhavewoulddonehavebeendoinghashadbeendoingshallwill

havebeendoinghavebeendoingshould

wouldbedoingdo第2頁，課件共38頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)do/does一、表示現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)常性的動作／狀態(tài)／特征。Thedirector

(be)athome.Ourschool

(have)abigplayground.BillyCrystaloften

(host)theAcademyAward.She

(like)stand-upcomedyverymuch.二、表示客觀真理，書報(bào)的標(biāo)題，小說、戲劇、圖、文等的介紹。Scientiststoldustheearth

(move)aroundthesun.Thescene

(change)backtothepark.Laughter

(be)goodforyourhealth.ishashostslikesmoveschangesis第3頁，課件共38頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月三、用于計(jì)劃、決定、時(shí)刻表、，句中常有時(shí)間狀語，但僅用于少數(shù)幾個(gè)表示“移動”的動詞：come,go,arrive,begin,leave,return,start,stop,open,close等,可表示將要發(fā)生的動作。1.Theplane

(leave)forParisateightthisevening.2.Themeeting

(begin)athalfpasttwotomorrowafternoon.3.Whattime

theshops

(open)?四、在時(shí)間、條件狀語從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的動作。1.Whenhe

(be)18yearsold,hewilljointhearmy.2.Takeanumbrellaincaseit

(rain)tomorrow.3.Iwon’tgotohispartyunlessshe

(send)aninvitation.leavesbeginsdoopenisrainssends第4頁，課件共38頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/aredoing一、表示現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作，常與now,atpresent等連用。1.We

(have)anEnglishclassnow.2.

thebaby

(sleep)nextdoor?3.Atpresenttheenvironment

(pollute)seriously.二、少數(shù)動詞如come,go,arrive,begin,leave,return,start,stay等，可以用進(jìn)行時(shí)（也可以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）表示按計(jì)劃即將發(fā)生的動作。I

(leave)forBejingtomorrow.Sally

(stay)inheraunt’shomewhensheisinBritain.arehavingIssleepingisbeingpollutedamleavingisstaying第5頁，課件共38頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月

三、常與always連用，表示不滿或贊揚(yáng)。1.She

always

(ask)suchsillyquestions.2.They

always

(help)others.但是并不是有always就總是用進(jìn)行時(shí)，請看：People

always

(enjoy)laughing,andthere

always

(be)humour.WhenCrystalisthehostofAcademyAward,healways

_______(keep)atoothbrushinhispocketsforgoodluck.isaskingarehelpinghaveenjoyedhasbeenkeeps第6頁，課件共38頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月表示感覺、情感、心理狀態(tài)的動詞如smell,taste,sound,look,feel,needhear,like,love,hate,know,want,wish,forget等及be表示“是”、have表示“有”時(shí)，不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。不能說：1.Wearewantingtotakepartinthelecture

.2.Thefoodistastingnice.3.Kateisknowingtheanswers.注意！第7頁，課件共38頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/hasdone一、表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響或結(jié)果，句中沒有具體時(shí)間，常與already,never,ever,yet,just,recently,sofar等連用。1.She

already

(come)here.2.We

never

(be)inapalace.3.He

(go)toFuzhou.(去了還沒回來)4.He

(be)toFuzhou.（去過已經(jīng)回來了）

二、在時(shí)間/條件狀語從句中，表示將來某時(shí)以完成的動作。IwillgowithyouwhenI

(wash)theclothes.hascomehavebeen

hasgonehasbeenhave

washed第8頁，課件共38頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月三、表示過去開始的動作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，也許還繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去，常和since,for表示一段時(shí)間的狀語，或sofar,now,recently,lately等詞連用。1.Sofar,Crystal

(host)theshoweighttimes.2.We

(study)Englishforsevenyears(since1999).3.NowI

(finish)myhomework.

havestudiedhavefinishedhashosted注意１短暫性動詞（如：come,go,return,die,join,marry,buy,leave,get,begin,catch,end,finish等）可以用于完成時(shí)，但不能與for,since構(gòu)成的短語連用。如：不能說：Shehascomeherefortwohours.

只能說：Shehasbeenherefortwohours.

或者說：Shecameheretwohoursago.第9頁，課件共38頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月

注意２since引導(dǎo)的從只能用一般過去時(shí)，主句要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如：We

(be)friendseversincewe

(meet)atschool.

注意３

havebeen

metIt’sthefirst/secondtimethatIhavebeentoaforeigncountry.這個(gè)句型常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。第10頁，課件共38頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月你會翻譯嗎？１.It’salongtimesincehejoinedthearmy.

2.It’salongtimesincehewasinthearmy.3.It’sfouryearssincemyfatherworkedinthatfactory.4.It’sfouryearssincemyfatherstartedworkinthatfactory.他參軍已經(jīng)很久了。（他還在部隊(duì)）他不在部隊(duì)已經(jīng)很久了。我爸爸不在那工廠工作有四年了。我爸爸在那家工廠工作有四年了。注意５since從句中的短暫性動詞可翻譯為“自從做某事以來已經(jīng)多久了”，但延續(xù)性動詞則應(yīng)譯為“不做某多久了”第11頁，課件共38頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)have/hasbeendoing表示動作從過去某一時(shí)間開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，而且很可能還要延續(xù)下去。它與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別在于：它強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的延續(xù)性，在沒有時(shí)間狀語時(shí)，它表示動作（延續(xù)性動詞）仍在進(jìn)行，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)則表示動作已經(jīng)結(jié)束。Lookout!Jim

(paint)thedoor.（強(qiáng)調(diào)油漆未干）Jim

(paint)thedoor.(油漆可能已干了)

I

(wait)forhimforanhourbuthestillhasn’tcome.Thereheis;I___(wait)forhimforanhour.Theyaretired;they____(work)inthefield.hasbeenpaintinghaspaintedhavebeenwaitinghavewaitedhavebeenworking第12頁，課件共38頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月Exercises()1.A:AretheBrownsstillinAustralia?B:.It’syearssincetheylivedthere.A.YesB.NoC.I’mnotsure.D.Ofcourse()２.When

tomorrow,Iwillserveteatohim.A.hewillcomeB.doeshecomeC.hecomesD.willhecome()3.Thepolice

searchingourneighbor’shouse.Whatdoyousuppose

?A.are;hashappenedB.is;ishappeningC.is;wouldhappenD.were;didhappen()4.Ifyou

him,pleasegotohishomeearly.A.willhelpB.helpsC.helpD.don’thelp()5.Why

tired?I

thehousethewholemorning.A.areyou;havecleanedB.doyou;wascleaningC.doyoulook;havebeencleaningD.areyoulooking;amcleaningBCAAC第13頁，課件共38頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月

一般過去時(shí)

did(didn’tdo)或were(weren’t)/was(wasn’t)

記住常用的動詞過去式和過去分詞

一、只表示動作發(fā)生在過去，或過去常發(fā)生，與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)。常與yesterday,lastweek,twomonths/yearsago等連用。而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)則強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的事情對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或影響。I

(watch)thecomedybefore.I

(watch)thecomedylastyear.

havewatchedwatched第14頁，課件共38頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月二、用when/where/how提出的疑問句及其答語要用一般過去時(shí)。A:Wow,Whatabigbag!What

you

(buy)?B:I

(buy)alotofbooksandfood.A:When

you

(buy)them?

B:I

(buy)themyesterdaymorning.A:Where

you

(buy)them?B:I

(buy)theminasupermarket.ButI

(notbuy)anyclothesinit.Theyaretooexpensive.SoI_________________anyclothes.A:How

you

(go)?

B:I

(take)amotorbike.haveboughthaveboughtdidbuyboughtdidbuyboughtdidgotookdidn’tbuyhaven’tbought第15頁，課件共38頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月三、一般過去時(shí)在虛擬語氣中的應(yīng)用用過去式表示對現(xiàn)在事情的假設(shè)固定句型：It’s(high/about)time(that)sb.didsth.表示“（早就）到了該做某事的時(shí)候了”IfI

(have)time,Iwouldattendthelecture.Iwishit

(be)springalltheyearround.Helooksasifhe

(be)anartist.Ifit

(be)notfortherain,thecropswoulddie.It’s(high)timewe(that)

(leave).2.It’s(about)timehe(that)____________(fetch)hissonfromschool.

hadwerewerewereleftfetched第16頁，課件共38頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月用正確時(shí)態(tài)填空：1.a)------Ican’tfindmyglasses.______you______(see)them?b)------Yes.You______

(leave)theminthecaryesterday.

2.Thetaperecorder______(be)outoforderlastweek.We______(have)itrepairedthedaybeforeyesterday.It______

(be)ingoodconditioneversince.

3.a)-----How______you______(be)sinceI______(see)youlast?b)-----Verywell,thankyou.Andyou?

4.It____________

(be)tenyearssincewe______(part).

Haveseenwashadhasbeenhave

beensawis/hasbeen

partedleft第17頁，課件共38頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月

5.a)-----We________________(notsee)youforages!Where________you________(be)?b)-----I_______________(be)toScotland?

6.Ican’tlockthedoor.I________

________

(lose)mykey.I________

(lose)itwhileI________

(be)out.

7.We_______________

(know)eachothersincewe________(be)boys.You________________

(notdo)whatyou________(promise)todo.

haven’tseenhave

beenhavebeenhavelostlost

washaveknownhaven’tdonepromisedwere第18頁，課件共38頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月過去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/weredoing一、表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某一階段正在進(jìn)行的動作。What

she

(do)thistimeyesterday?She(practise)gym.In2000they

(study)inauniversity.

二、用于故事中情節(jié)、場面的描寫。Onemorning,ahunter

(walk)throughaforestwhenhemetabear.Allthestudentswerebusythisafternoon.Some

(sweep)thefloor.Some

(carry)water.Others

(clean)thedesksandthedoors.wasdoingwaspractisingwerestudying

waswalkingweresweepingwerecleaningwerecarrying第19頁，課件共38頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月三、有些表示“移動”的動詞：go,come,leave,arrive,setout,takeoff等，的過去進(jìn)行式常表示過去將來時(shí)。1.Johntoldusthey

(leave)forLondonthenextweekandthatthey

(come)tosaygoodbyethatevening.四、比較一般過去時(shí)和過去進(jìn)行時(shí):1.Hewaswritingaletteryesterdayevening.2.Hewrotealetteryesterdayevening.你知道這兩句的意思有什么區(qū)別嗎？1、他昨晚一直在寫信。（可能還沒寫完）2、他昨晚寫了一封信。（寫完了）wereleaving

werecoming第20頁，課件共38頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月Exercises1.A:Look,whereareyougoing?Youarewalkinginthewrongdirection.B:Oh,I

.A.didn’tnoticeB.wasn’tnoticingC.haven’tnoticedD.amnotnoticing

2.A:Youneedn’thavepaidforit.B:Youareright.Nobody

thetickets.A.wascollecting.B.collectedC.hadcollectedD.willcollect

3.A:Ouch!Youarestandingonmyfoot.B:I’msorry,butI

toA.don’tmeanB.haven’tmeanC.amnotmeaningD.didn’tmean

第21頁，課件共38頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月用正確時(shí)態(tài)填空：1.Hewent(go)towardsthefire,whichstillwass______________(smoke).2.Whilemyfatherwaslooking(look)throughtheeveningpaper,hesuddenlylet(let)outacryofsurprise.3.WhenIentered(enter)theroom,hedidn'tsee(notsee)me.Forhewasreading(read)somethingwithgreatinterest.4.Whenwearrived(arrive)atthevillage,itwasgetting(get)dark,andthewindwasblowing(blow)hard.5.Ididn'tknow(notknow)youwerewaiting_______________(wait)formehere.

wentwassmokingwaslookingletentereddidn'tseewasreadingarrivedwasgettingwasblowingdidn’tknowwerewaiting第22頁，課件共38頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月過去完成時(shí)haddone一、表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某一事件之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動作、狀態(tài)，即“過去的過去”，可譯成“在那之前已經(jīng)做了某事”。常用by,before,when等引起的時(shí)間狀語。Bytheendoflastweekwe

(study)fivebooks.I

(reach)thestationbeforesixo’clock.You

(be)inthisschoolforayearsbefore/whenIcamehere.hadstudiedhadreachedhadbeen第23頁，課件共38頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月二、hope,wish,expect,think,intend,mean,suppose等的過去完成時(shí)的含義是指“過去沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望、打算、計(jì)劃“，也表示”失望“或”惋惜“等情緒。后面常有but引起的句子作補(bǔ)充說明。1.We

(hope)thatyouwouldbeabletovisitus，butyoudidn’t.2.She

(think)ofadoptinganorphan,butwaspreventedfromdoingso.3.They

(mean)toseeusoffattheairport,buttheygottheretoolatehadhopedhadthoughthadmeant第24頁，課件共38頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月Ifyou

(come)yesterday,youwouldhavemethim.Wewishwe

(arrive)theretwohoursearlier.HespeaksEnglishsofluentlyasifhe

(study)EnglishinEnglandbefore.OnlyifI

(take)hisadvice.三、在虛擬語氣中haddone表示對過去事情的假設(shè)。四、在nosooner…than…和hardly/scarcely/rarely…when句型中表示“剛…就…”，主句的謂語動詞用haddone(過去完成時(shí))，從句中用did（一般過去時(shí)）。I

hardly

(enter)theroomwhenI

(hear)

aloudnoise.We

nosooner

(reach)homethanit

(begin)torain.hadcomehadarrivedhadstudiedhadtakenhadenteredheardhadreachedbegan第25頁，課件共38頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)或過去完成時(shí)態(tài)填空：1.Theboy_____(die)inthefight.Abullet______________(pass)throughhischest.2.Thetask_____(be)muchharderthanwe______________(expect).3.He_____

_____

(notfeel)sowell,ashe_______________

(catch)abadcold.4.She_____

_____

(begiven)agoldmedalforwhatshe_____________

(do)forthecountry.5.Father______________

(cannotgo)outthatnight,forhe____________________

(promise)towaitforMaYingathome.6.We_______________

(notknow)you______________

(be)sobusythepasttwoyears.7.He__________hardly__________(reach)homewhenit__________(begin)torain.

diedhadpassedwashadexpecteddidn’tfeelhadcaughtwasgivenhaddonecouldn’tgohadpromised

didn’tknowhadbeenhad

reachedbegan第26頁，課件共38頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月一般將來時(shí)六種表現(xiàn)形式第27頁，課件共38頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月一、will/shalldowillbe表示將要發(fā)生的動作或情況：When

you

(be)abletogiveusananswer?I

(think)itover.We(notbe)freetomorrow.Theagreement

(come)intoforcenextspring.Themeeting

(notlast)long;justhavealittlepatience.when

I

(make)thecopy?willthinkshall/willnotbewillcomewon’tlastshallmake第28頁，課件共38頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月二、begoingtodo表示打算、準(zhǔn)備做的事How

you

(spend)yourholidays?He

(be)ahostafterhegraduates.LookatthecIouds.Ithinkit

(rain)soon.Watchout!Thebasinofflowers

(fall).Ifeelterrible;I

(throw)up.There

(be)alotoftroubleaboutthis.aregoingtospendisgoingtobeisgoingtorainamgoingtothrowisgoingtofall表示現(xiàn)在已有跡象表明即將發(fā)生、肯定要發(fā)生的事isgoingtobe第29頁，課件共38頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月愿意begoingto與will的區(qū)別

兩者經(jīng)常可以換用，但begoingto比較口語化，will多用于書面語:Whatwill/isgoingtohappennow?如果是事先經(jīng)過考慮的就用begoingto,否則就用will

She

(make)youadress.Shehasboughtsomecloth;she

(make)youadress.begoingto可用以條件分句,表示將來時(shí),而will則不能,但will作情態(tài)動詞表示“愿意”時(shí)除外。１.Ifyou

(call)atMr.William’soffice,pleasesendamessage.(如果你要到威廉姆先生的辦公室去的話，請你給他捎個(gè)信。)2.Ifhe

（listen）tome,Iwillgivehimsomeadvice.(如果他愿意聽的話，我將給他提幾條忠告。)willmakeisgoingtomake

aregoingtocall

willlisten

第30頁，課件共38頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月三、bedoing表示將來時(shí)，主要表示按計(jì)劃、安排將要發(fā)生的動作或事。請看前面第４張：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)四、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來，僅限于某些動詞，表示按計(jì)劃安排要發(fā)生的事。請看前面第３張：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)第31頁，課件共38頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月五、betodo表示按計(jì)劃安排要發(fā)生的事或用來征求對方意見，也常用于宣傳官方的計(jì)劃或決定，以及禁止、命令等。1.We

(produce)moreelectricitythisyear.

I

(go)onwiththework?=ShallIgoonwiththework?3.When

they

(hand)intheirplan?4.Thepark

(notopen)tothepublicaftersixo’clock.5.TeamOne

(get)somewater;TeamTwo

(dig)holesandTeamThree

(plant)theyoungtrees.6.Theletter

(hand)tohiminperson.aretoproduceAmtogoaretohand

isnottoopenaretogetaretodigaretoplantistobehanded第32頁，課件共38頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月betodo還可以表示一、想要做的事二、后來將（注定）要發(fā)生的事He

(regret)thisdecision.（這決定他將來是會后悔的。）Theworststill（come）.（最糟糕的情況還在后頭。）Inthenexttenyearsthey

(work)togetherinthesameunit.（以后十年他們將在一個(gè)單位一道工作。）ImustcontinuetolearnifI

(make)furtherprogress.Ifwe

(succeed),wemustrelyonthemasses.amtomakearetosucceedistoregretistocomearetowork第33頁，課件共38頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月六、beaboutto表示即將發(fā)生某事，因?yàn)樗旧韼в小凹磳ⅰ敝?，所以不能與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用，但常與when引起的時(shí)間狀語連用，表示“即將做某事時(shí)突然另一事發(fā)生了”。它也不帶有說話人的主觀打算。He

(retire).２.We

(leave)whenthetelephonerang.3.Autumnharvest

(start).不能說：1.Thetrainisabouttoleaveat5:20.2.Sheisabouttoattendthemeetingthisafternoon.可以說：1.Thetrainisabouttoleave.2.Sheisaboutto