2022年甘肅省天水市大學(xué)英語6級(jí)大學(xué)英語六級(jí)真題(含答案)

2022年甘肅省天水市大學(xué)英語6級(jí)大學(xué)英語六級(jí)真題(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.Inadigitalcablesystem,ifthereisnokeytodecodethesignal,then,wewillonlysee______.

2.

Accordingtoexperts,peoplewhoareunderthemost______inclinetoputonmostweight.

3.

Whenyousoundor"hear"wordsasyouread,youshouldforceyourselftofocusonimportantwordsand______.

4.Earth:MeltingintheHeat?

Glaciersaremelting;theicecapsaredisappearingintotheoceans;sealevelsmayrisebymanymetersasaconsequence.Indigenous(本土的)Arcticpeopleswillfindtheirfoodstocksgone,whilefleshwatersuppliesinAsiaandsouthAmericawilldisappearastheglacierswhichprovidethemmeltaway;penguins,polarbearsandsealswillfindtheirhabitatsgone,theirtraditionallivesunlivable.

Buthowrealisticisthispicture?Istheworld'sicereallydisappearing,orisitunscientifichotair?

AEuropeansatellitenamedCryosatwasdesignedtoprovidedefinitiveanswerstosomeofthesequestions.AlauncherfaultdestroyedthemissioninOctober2005,huttheEuropeanSpaceAgencyhasapprovedareplacement,inthemeantime,hereisourglobalsnapshot.

TheAntarctic

Huge,pristine(質(zhì)樸的),dramatic,unforgiving--theAntarcticiswherethebiggestofallglobalchangescouldbegin.

Thereissomuchiceherethatifitallmelted,sealevelsgloballywouldrisehugely-perhapsasmuchas80m.SaygoodbyetoLondon,NewYork,Sydney,Bangkok...infact,themajorityoftheworld'smajorcities.

Butwillithappen?ScientistsdividetheAntarcticintothreezones:theeastandwestAntarcticicesheets;andthePeninsula,thetongueoflandwhichpointsuptowardsthesoutherntipofSouthAmerica.

"EverybodythinksthattheAntarcticisshrinkingduetoclimatechange,buttherealityismuchmorecomplex,"saysDavidVaughan,aprincipalinvestigatorattheBritishAntarcticSurveyinCambridge,U.K."Partsofitappeartobethickeningasaresultofsnowfallincreases,butthePeninsulaisthinningatanalarmingrateduetowarming.TheWestAntarcticsheetisalsothinning,andwe'renotsureofthereasonwhy."

OntheUp

TemperaturesinthePeninsulaappeartobeincreasingataroundtwicetheglobalaverage—about2℃overthelast50years.Thosefiguresarebasedonmeasurementsmadebyinstrumentsatscientificstations.

Earlierthisyear,DavidVaughan'sgrouppublishedresearchshowingthatthevastmajorityofglaciersalongthePeninsula--87%ofthe244studied--areinretreat.Theicedumpedintotheoceanastheglaciersretreatshouldnotmakemuchdifferencetoglobalsealevels--perhapsafewcentimeters.

Moreworrying,potentially,arethevasticesheetscoveringtherestofAntarctica.Makingtemperaturemeasurementsforthecontinentasawholeisdifficult;itisavastplace--morethan2,000kmacross---therearefewresearchstations,andtemperaturesvarynaturallyby2-3℃fromyeartoyear.Butmeasurementsindicatethatinthewest,meltingisunderway.

"Aboutone-thirdoftheWestAntarcticicesheetisthinning,"saysDr.Vaughan,"unaveragebyabout10cmperyear,butintheworstplacesby3～4mperyear."

TherockonwhichtheWestAntarcticicerestsisbelowsealevel,andBritishAntarcticSurveyresearchersbelievethethinningcouldbeduetotheicesheetmeltingonitsunderside.

"Itmaybethattheoceaniswarmingendthat'scausingtheicetomelt,buttheremaybeotherreasonsaswell;forexample,there'slotsofvolcanisminthatareaandsothatcouldchangehowmuchheatisdeliveredtotheundersideoftheicesheet."

CryosatshouldhelptopindownwhatishappeningattheWestAntarcticfringe.TheradaraltimetersonboarditspredecessorsERS1andERS2havebeenunabletomapthesteepslopesatthecoast,whereasCryosat'sinstrumentshouldbeabletocope.

IftheentireWestAntarcticicesheetdidmelt,sealevelsgloballywouldrise,byaround5m.Butatthemoment,thereisnosignofthathappening.

OnerecantscientificpaperattemptedtocalculateprobabilitiesforhowmuchWestAn

A.YB.NC.NG

5.

Whatisthebestsolutionforthosedreamers?

A.Settinggoalsandsticktothem.

B.Askingtheirfriendstoalwayswatchthem.

C.Findingoutwhattheyarereallyinterestedin.

D.Finishingthedifficulttaskfirst.

6.Depression

Inbed,youtossandturn,unabletogetagoodnight'ssleep.Youfeelanxiousandworried.There'splentytodo,buttheworkpilesupbecauseyoufeellistlessandtired.Youdon'tevenwanttodoanythingfun.Friendstellyouto"pullyourselftogether,"butyoufeelhelplessandhopeless.Youhavedifficultyconcentratingandmakingdecisions.Whenyoulookinthemirror,youhateyourself.Youaredefinitelyinoneoflife'svalleys—youaredepressed.

Everyonegetsthebluesonceinawhile.Emotionallowsandhighsareanormalpartoflife.Thebluesbecomedepressionwhenyoufeelsosleepyandlistlessthatyoucan'tfunctionnormallyineverydaylife.

TypesofDepression

Depressioncanrangefromamildpanictoself-destructiveorsuicidalbehavior,It'simportanttounderstandthevarioustypesofdepressionsothatyoucanrecognizethem.

Depressionoccursatallages,althoughmajordepressiveepisodespeakbetweentheagesof55and70inmenand20and45inwomen.Abouthalfofthosewhoexperienceanepisodeofmajordepressionwillhaveanotherwithintwoyears.Forsomepeople,episodesofdepressionareseparatedbyseveralyears,whileotherssuffergroupsofepisodesoverashorttimespan.Betweenepisodes,suchindividualsfeelwell.

Majordepressivedisorderaffectsapproximately14.8millionAmericanadults—or6.7percentoftheU.S.populationaged18yearsandolder—inagivenyear.Majordepressivedisorderismorecommoninwomenthaninmen.Althoughtreatmentcanhelpmorethan80percentofpeoplewithseveredepression,mostpeoplewithdepressiondonotseektreatment.

--Reactivedepression.Thistypeofdepressionisareactiontostressfulevents—divorce,deathofalovedone,achronicillness,apersonaltragedy,orevensocialisolation,whichtheelderlyfrequentlyexperience.Thepersonisunabletorecovernormallyfromthefeelingsassociatedwiththeevent.Commonfeelingsincludeself-pity,pessimism,andlossofinterestinlife.Itaffectspeopleofallages.

--SeasonalAffectiveDisorder(SAD).Ifyouliveinthenorthernlatitudesandsufferdepressionduringthewintermonths,youmaysufferfromseasonalaffectivedisordercausedbyalackofexposuretosunlight.Doctorsaren'tsureexactlywhatphysiologicalmechanismsareatworkinSAD,buttheyspeculatethatdepressedfeelingsandothersymptomsmaybeduetoanincreaseinthereleaseofthehormonemeltonin.SADsufferersfeellethargicandirritable.Theymayalsosufferfromchronicheadaches,increasedappetite,weightgain,andanincreasedneedforsleep.Forunknownreasons,SADistrulya"woman'sdepression,"inthatwomenmakeup70percentto80percentofthoseaffected.SinceabouthalfofallSADsufferershaverelativeswhoalsosufferfromSADorotheremotionalproblems,researchersspeculatethattheproblemmaybeinherited.

--Biochemicaldepression.Doctorsaren'tsurewhy,butsomepeopledevelopabiochemicallybaseddepressionsometimeduringmidlife.It'slikelythatthistypeofdepressioniscausedbybiochemicalproblemswithinthebrain.Theproblemusuallyrespondswelltoantidepressantmedication.Youmaybemorelikelytodevelopthistypeofchemicaldepressionifothermembersofyourfamilyhavealsosufferedfromthisproblem.

--Diseaseordrug-relateddepression.SomediseasessuchasAIDS,stroke,chronicpain,andhypothyroidism(甲狀腺功能減退)cancausedepression.Inhypothyroidism,thethyroidgland(甲狀腺)malfunctions,leadingtotoolittleornothyroidhormonecirculatinginthebloodstream.Inadditiontodepression,othersymptomsofhypothyroidismincludefatigue,weakness,weightgain,impairedmemory,andshortnessofbreath.Fortunately,thedepressionandothersymptomsofhypothyroidismcanbeeffectivel

A.YB.NC.NG

7.

Dihydrogenmonoxideisaverydangerouschemical,whichisoftenusedasanindustrialsolvent.

A.YB.NC.NG

8.

Thegarmentsmadeofelectricity-storingcarbonnanotubefibersare"smart"inthattheyarebulletproofandcan______withsensors.

9.

ApopularAmericandesignerputupadsforanewperfumeintheLatinAmericanmarket,emphasizingitsfreshcamelliascent.Themarketersfailedtoknowthat

10.

TheresultofClayton'srecenttestthatbirdshidmorepinenutsinthenon-breakfastcompartmentindicatestheyhave______.

11.

WidelyusingPrEPsmaycausepotentialproblemslikeethicalissuesand______.

12.Corrthinksthatifthereisanyproblemwithadrug,it'sbettertoknowit______.

13.

Laterhehadtothrow50flashlightbatteriesawaybecause______hadbeendrainedfromthem.

14.

Glaciersaremuchthickerthanpreviouslythought,whichmeans______intotheocean.

15.

Withthemixer,youcansetthevolumeofeachtrackofsound______theothertracks.

16.Onecanturnto______ifhewantstoexerciseinarainingday.

17.

Thedevelopednationswillmakemoreeffortstoincreasetheirpopulationgrowth.

A.YB.NC.NG

18.

IfsomebodywhoisstillalivereceivesaphonecallfromChina,thiscallisverypossiblydialedby______.

19.

Sellershavetherighttorefusethedealiftheofferislowerthan______.

A.theminimumstartingbid

B.thereserveprice

C.theaveragemarketprice

D.thewholesalecost

20.Whathavescientistsdonetosolvetheproblemofsoilthatcontainsexcessaluminum?

A.Theyhaveengineeredthecropstobevirus-resistant.

B.Theyhavefoundagenetofighttheexcesstoxicity.

C.Theyhavemodifiedthecropstobedrought-tolerant.

D.Theyhaveimprovedthesoilbyabsorbingexcessaluminum.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.聽力原文：W:DoyouknowanythingaboutProfessorSmith'sclass?

M:Ifyouarelookingforaneasycourse,forgetit.ProfessorSmithwritesthetrickiestexamsinthedepartment.

Q:WhatdowelearnaboutProfessorSmith?

(17)

A.Heisveryforgetful.

B.Helikestoplaytricks.

C.Histestsaredifficult.

D.Itiseasytopasshiscourse.

22.

【B2】

23.聽力原文：W:SoyouknowwhattheWhiteLaneLawis?

M:IntheUnitedStates,eachstatehasalawthatsaysblindpeopleusingcanesordogshavethesamerightsofpublicaccessasthesighted.

W:Whatdoesitmean,then?

M:Itmeansthatblindpeoplecantaketheircanesanddogsintopublicbuildings,offices,restaurants,theaters,amusementparks,onhouses,trains,planesandotherpublicplaces.TheselawswereestablishedfromtheworkoftheUSNationalFederationoftheBlindtomakesurethatblindpeoplehavethesamerightsaseveryoneelse.

W:Whydosomeblindpeopleusedogsandothersusecanes?

M:itissimplyamatterofpersonalchoice.Someblindpeoplelikeusingcanesbetter,andsomeenjoyusingdogs.

W:ShouldIhelpablindpersonacrossthestreet?

M:Ifablindpersonasksforhelp,thenyoumaycertainlyhelp.Youcanaskifanyhelpisneeded,butunderstandthattheanswermaybe"no",Blindpeople,iftheyhavelearnedtouseacaneordogandtravelindependently,maynotneedhelp.Itisimportantnottograbsomeonewhoisblind.Ifablindpersonwantshelp,heorshemaytakeyourarm,orsimplywalkbesideyou.Someblindpersonsmayhaveahardertimehearingthecarsandtraffic,especiallyifthereisconstructionoralotofnoisearoundthearea.Thentheymightwanthelpthattheymightnotneedatothertimes.

W:ShouldIhelpablindpersontoachair?

M:Thesamerulesapplyhere.Someblindpeoplewillappreciatehelpinlocatingachair,butsomecanfindchairs,tables,anddesksontheirown.Sometimesablindpersonmayaskwherethechairsortablesare,thengotothemonhisorherown.

(20)

A.Tomakesurethatblindpeoplehavethesamerightsaseveryoneelse.

B.Toprovidetheblindwithawhitelaneforcrossastreet.

C.Toencouragepeopletovolunteertohelptheblind.

D.Todrawattentiontotheblindwithacaneoradogincrossingthestreet.

24.聽力原文：We'vebeenlookingatfearfromabiologicalperspective,andsomeoneaskedwhetherthetendencytobefearfulisgenetic.Well,somestudiesdonewithmiceindicatethatmammalsdoinheritfearfulnesstosomedegree.Inonestudy,forinstance,agroupofmicewasplacedinabrightly-litopenboxwithnohidingplaces.Someofthemicewanderedaroundtheboxanddidn'tappeartobebotheredofbeingsoexposed.Butothermicedidn'tmove.Theystayedupagainstonewall,whichindicatedthattheywereafraid.Well,whenfearfulmice,oryoumightsayanxiousmiceliketheoneswhostayedinoneplace.Whenmicelikethesewerebredwithoneanotherrepeatedly,afterabout12orsogenerations,thenalloftheoffspringshowedsimilarsignsoffearfulness.Andevenwhenanew-bornmousefromthisgenerationwasraisedbyamotherandwithothermicewhowerenotfearful,thatmousestilltendedtobefearfulasanadult.Nowwhyisthis?Wellit'sthoughtthatspecificgenesinananimal'sbodyhaveaninfluenceonanxiousbehavior.Thesearegenesthatareassociatedwithparticularnerve-cellreceptorsinthebrain.Andthedegreeofoveralloffearfulnessinthemammalseemstodependinlargepartonthepresenceorabsenceofthesenerve-cellreceptors.Andthisappearstoapplytohumansaswellbytheway.Butwhileatendencytowardsanxietyandfearmaywellbeaninheritedtrait,thespecificform.thatthefeartakeshasmoretodowiththeindividual'senvironment.Soaparticularfear,likethefearofsnakesorthefearofspiders,say,isnotgenetic,buttheoveralltendencytohavefearfulresponsesis.

(30)

A.Howanimalsreacttofrighteningsituations.

B.Whymiceareparticularlyfearfulanimals.

C.Whetherfearfulnessisagenetictrait.

D.Whycertainanimalsarefearedbyhumans.

25.聽力原文：W:Youspendallofyourtimereadingbooks.Howdoyouexpecttobewell-informedifyouneverreadanewspaper?

M:It'smyopinionthatreadingthenewspaperisawasteoftime.Afamousmanoncesaidthatnewspapersseparatewhatisimportantfromwhatisnotimportantandthenprintthatwhichisnotimportant.

Q:Accordingtothewoman,whyshouldthemanreadnewspapers?

(18)

A.Becausebereadstoomanybooks.

B.Tolearnhowtoseparatetheimportantfromtheunimportant.

C.Tobewell-informed.

D.Becausehealwayswasteshistime.

26.聽力原文：W:HowcomeJimlosthisjob?

M:Ididn'tsayhehadlostit.AllIsaidwasifhedidn'tgetoutandstartedsellingafewcarsinsteadofidlingaroundallday,hemightnotrindhimselflookingforanewjob.

Q:WhatdoesthemansayaboutJim?

(18)

A.Hehasmanagedtosellanumberofcars.

B.Heiscontentedwithhiscurrentposition.

C.Hemightgetfired.

D.Hehaslosthisjob

27.(15)

A.TeacherslikeProf.Johnsonarerare.

B.Prof.Johnsonhaswonamilliondollars.

C.TherearemanyteachersasgoodasProf.Johnson.

D.Prof.Johnsonislikelytobeteachingatthatschool

28.(28)

A.Theymayhavetofollowcertainhousingroles.

B.Adepositmayberequiredtorantanapartment.

C.On-campusapartmentsarelimited.

D.Theyhavetodevotealltheirtimetotheacademics.

29.

【B9】

30.聽力原文：WhenMidoriwastwoyearsold,sheoftenclimbedontothepianobenchandreachedfortheviolinthatbelongedtohermother,a38-year-oldprofessionalmusician.

"Pleasedon'ttouch,Midofi,"hermotherscolded.Theviolinwas,afterall,worthmorethan$20,000.

ButMidoriinsisted,andshelongedtohandlethegracefulinstrumentthatmadebeautifulsounds.Finally,onherthirdbirthday,Midoriwashandedapackage:atinyviolin,abouthalfthenormalsize.

AlmostfromthemomentMidoriwasborn,hermotherknewshewassensitivetomusic.Forseveralyearsmotheranddaughterpractisedtogetherdayafterday.Shewaseagertolearn.Failureoftenledtotears,thoughsheneveronceturnedfromtheinstrument.Instead,shepersisteduntiltheproblemwasovercome.

OnedayJohnston,anAmericanmusician,heardMidoriplayingtheviolin.Hecouldn'tbelieveshewasjusteightyearsold."ShemustmakeatapeandIwilltakeittotheUnitedStates."themusiciansaid.

AfamousAmericanviolinteacherheardthetape.He,too,haddifficultyinbelievinghisears.Theplayingwasabsolutelyastonishing.Heimmediatelyacceptedherasapupilandrecommendedherforafullscholarship.In1982,MidoriandhermothermovedtoNewYorkCity,leavingbehindacomfortablelifeinJapan.

(33)

A.Ahousewife.B.Asinger.C.Ateacher.D.Amusician.

31.聽力原文：W:Hi,Bob.IheardaboutyouraccidentbutIdidn'tthinkitwouldbethisbad.

M:Well,thanksformakingmefeelbetter.

W:Ican'thardlyrecognizeyouthroughallthosebandages.Tellmewhathappened.

M:IjustgotbackfromHawaiiwhereIhadaterriblesurfingaccident.IbrokebothmylegsandthreeribswhenIfellontoabedofcoral.Iwaslaidupinahospitaloverthereforthreeweeks.

W:Threeweeks,that'salongtime.Whatdidyoudowhileyouwereinthehospital?

M:Well,ifyoucanbelieveit,Ireadallaboutsurfing.Ilovesurfingevenifithurtsme.DidyouknowthatthepeopleofHawaiiweresurfingsincethebeginningofrecordedhistory?Theoldesthistoriessuggestthatin1000BCtheislandersofthePacificOceanwereusingsmallboatstosurfthroughthewaves.Thepeopleusedthesmallboatsforhunting,traveling,andfighting.

W:Peoplefoughtonsurfboards?

M:Certainly.Muchofthehistoryofsurfingiscloselyrelatedtotheearlyhistoryofnavalwarfare.Thesportofsurfingstartedofffromthewarriorsoftheislandslearningthemostskilfulwaystoapproachtheirenemiesinthewater.Aftertheintroductionoftheacrylicsurfboardinthe1950's,theancientart,thenbecameahugesport.

W:That'samazing,Bob,butI'mafraidyoudon'tmakeitlookveryfun.You'reluckytobealive.

M:Iamsureluckytobealive.Manypeoplethinkthedangerouspartaboutsurfingisthepossibilityofbeingattackedbyasharkorsomeotherseacreature,butreally,theoceanitselfisthemostdangerouspartofthissport.

(20)

A.Hehadasurfingaccident.

B.Hechangedthewayhelooked.

C.Hespentsometimestudying.

D.Hefoundanewhobby.

32.聽力原文：W:Hi,Kevin.YourroommatetoldmethatIcouldfindyouattheTV.Whatareyoudoinghere?

M:WhatdoesitlooklikeIamdoing?

W:Well,itlookslikeyouarewatchingtelevision.(23)Butwehaveamathmid-termtomorrow,soIthoughtyou'dbestudyingforitandmaybeIcanstudywithyou.

M:(24)Oh,well,Iwasjusttakingabreak.ThismathstuffgivesmeaheadacheifIworkonittoolong.YouknowIdon'treallylikeit.

W:Iknowwhatyoumean.I'vebeenworkingonitforthreehoursthroughitalready.I'mbeginningtogetacross.Iwastryingtofigureoutmineofthesampleproblems.Ijustdon'tgetsomeofthem.

M:ButIcan'tbelieveyouarecomingtome.ImeanyoudoknowwhatIgotonthelasttest,don'tyou?

W:Yeah,Iknow.Youtoldme.Ijustthoughttwoheadsmightbebetterthanone.

M:Yeah,that'saniceidea.But...youknow,IwishIknewthatpersoninourclasswhogotahundredonthelasttest.Shedidn'tmissaquestion.Umm...wasitElizabeth?

W:Ohyeah,Elizabeth!Sheisafriendofmine.She'dbeabighelprightnow.Whydon'tIgiveheracall?

M:(25)What!Atthishour?It'salreadytenthirty.Idon'twanttoimposeonher.

W:Yeah,Iguessyouareright.Butyouknowwhat;sheowesmeabigfavor.Let'satleastgiveheracallandseewhatshesays.Maybegoingoversomeoftheproblemswithuswouldhelpherreviewthematerial.

M:It'sworthatry.

(20)

A.Aclasspresentationthey'repreparing.

B.Atelevisionprogramthemaniswatching.

C.Visitingaclosefriendoftheirs.

D.Studyingforatest.

33.聽力原文：W:I'vegivensomethoughttoenterpolitieswhenIgetolder.Youknow,maybeworkingbehindthescenestohelpsomeonegetapositioningovernment.

M:Whynotrunforofficeforyourself?Areyouafraidofstandingoutasafemalepolitician?

Q:Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?

(15)

A.Thewomaniseagertoenterpolitics.

B.Themanhasworkedforthegovernment.

C.Peoplewillbecomeoldafterenteringpolitics.

D.Femalepoliticiansarerare.

34.(32)

A.Crimescausedbytheuseofdrugs.

B.Anewwaveofsexualfreedomoftheyouth.

C.Youngpeople'sdislikeofhardwork.

D.Disagreementbetweenyoungpeopleandtheirparents.

35.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

聽力原文：M:TherewasapartyonourschoolcampusSundayevening.Didyougo?

W:HadIknownabouttheparty,Iwouldhavebeenpresentforit.

Q:Whatdowelearnaboutthewoman?

(12)

A.Shewenttothepartywithoutknowingit.

B.Shewasinvitedtotheparty.

C.Shewaspresentfortheparty.

D.Shewasabsentfromtheparty.

36.

【B4】

37.(44)

38.(24)

A.Becausetheservicescostthemmoretime.

B.Becausetheservicesarenotasfriendlyasabankclerk.

C.Becausetheyarenotsurehowtousetheservices.

D.Becausetheclerksdon'tofferhelpforthem.

39.(29)

A.Teotihuacan,oncethehomeof200,000people,wasthecenterofalargeempire.

B.Manyarchaeologistsarefascinatedbytheruinsofapre-ColumbiacitycalledTeotihuacan.

C.Teotihuacan,onceamajormetropolitanarea,wasdestroyedbyaninvasion.

D.AstillunsolvedmysteryiswhythepeopleofTeotihuacansuddenlyabandonedtheircity.

40.(26)

A.Becauseshethinksthemanisseriouslyill.

B.Becausethemancangetimmunizedthereforfree.

C.Becausealltheserviceisfreeofchargeintheuniversityhealthcenter.

D.Becausethevaccinehasbeeninventedthererecently.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

Someresponsesandbehaviorsmayappearveryillogical,butarejustifiableif______.

A.linkedtoanabnormalamountofassertiveness

B.seenasone'shabitualpatternofbehavior

C.takenaspartofanorderingsequence

D.expressedtoaseriesofcharges

42.Thatbadrelationshipmaycauseworsesleep,whichmayworsentherelationship,suggeststhatsleepandrelationshipare______.

43.

Thefood-bornediseasemaycausefever,vomiting,diarrheaandeven______.

44.

Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat______.

A.theNYMEXwillfailinIrelandasmanyprecedentshaveshown.

B.themarketenvironmentforboththeNYMEXandtheIPEisgettingbetter.

C.It'sveryunlikelythattheNYMEXandtheIPEcouldcombinetheirbusinesses.

D.TheNYMEXandtheIPEwillfindawaytocooperatewitheachother.

45.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutAfrican-Americanyouthasawhole?

A.Theyhavemoregraduatesfromcommunitycolleges.

B.Theyscorefarbelowtheaverageeducationlevel.

C.TheyobviouslyarevictimsoftheAmericaneducationsystem.

D.Theiracademicperformancesareworsethantheirwhitepeers.

46.

Thepassageismainlyabout______.

A.economicdevelopmentandthecreationofpoverty

B.schoolacademicachievementandemployment

C.thedifficultiesoftheU.S.youthinemployment

D.theshortageofjobsforthepoorpopulation

47.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

ThefirsttimeanybodyknewaboutDutchmanFrankSiegmundandhisfamilywaswhenworkmentrampingthroughafieldfoundanarrowsteelchimneyprotrudingthroughthegrass.Closerinspectionrevealedachinkofsky-lightwindowamongthethistlesandwhenamazedinvestigatorsmoveddownthesideofthehilltheycameacrossapinedoorandabrassknockersetintoanundergroundbuilding.TheSiegmundshadmanagedtoliveundetectedforsixyearsoutsidethebordertownofBreda,inHolland.Theyarethelatestinaclutchofindividualistichomemakerswhohaveburrowedundergroundinsearchoftranquility.

Most,fallingfoulofstrictbuildingregulations,havebeenforcedtodismantletheirindividualistichomesandreturntomoreconventionallifestyles.ButsubterraneansuburbiaDutch-style,isabouttobecomerespectableandchic.Sevenluxuryhomescossetedawayinsideahighearth-coverednoiseembankmentnexttothemainTilburgcityroadrecentlywentonthemarketfor$296,500each.Thefoundationshadyettobedug,butcustomersqueueduptobuytheunusualpart-submergedhouses.

Buildingbigcommercialbuildingsundergroundcanbeawaytoavoiddisfiguringorthreateningabeautifulorenvironmentallysensitivelandscape.Indeedmanyofthebuildingswhichconsumemostlandsuchascinemas,supermarkets,theatres,warehousesorlibrarieshavenoneedtobeonthesurfacesincetheydonotneedwindows.Therearebigadvantages,too,whenitcomestoprivatehomes.Adevelopmentof194houseswhichwouldtakeup14hectaresoflandabovegroundwouldoccupy2.7hectaresbelowit,whilethenumberofroadswouldbehalved.Underseveralmetersofearth,noiseisminimalandinsulationisexcellent.

InEurope,theobstaclehasbeenconservativelocalauthoritiesanddeveloperswhoprefertoensurequicksaleswithconventionalmass-producedhousing.ButtheDutchdevelopmentwasgreetedwithundisguisedreliefbySouthLimburgplannersbecauseofHolland'schronicshortageofland.IntheUS,whereenergy-efficienthomesbecamepopularaftertheoilcrisisof1973,10,000undergroundhouseshavebeenbuilt.Aterraceoffivehomes,Britain'sfirstsubterraneandevelopment,isunderwayinNottinghamshire.Italy'soutstandingexampleofsubterraneanarchitectureistheOlivettiresidentialcentreinIvreg.

Noteveryoneadaptssowell,andinJapanscientistsattheShimizuCorporationhavedeveloped"spacecreation"systemwhichmixlight,sound,breezesandscentstosimulatepeoplewhospendlongperiodsbelowground.UndergroundofficesinJapanarebeingequippedwithvirtualwindowsandmirrors,whileundergrounddepartmentsintheUniversityofMinnesotahaveperiscopestoreflectviewsandlight.

FrankSiegmundandh