名詞性從句學(xué)案高三

名詞性從句Lead—in:exercises1.______thebabycouldspeakmadehisparentsveryhappy.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhyD.If2.Iwonder______youwillgoshoppingorstayathome.A.thatB.ifC.whetherD.what3.Thisis______hewasoftenlateforschool.A.whatB.thatC.whyD.whether4.Weallknowthetruth______theearth______aroundthesun.A.if;movedB.that;movesC.why;moveD.whether;move一．名詞性從句概念：一個句子在連接詞引導(dǎo)下，在句子中起名詞作用句子叫名詞性從句。二．名詞性從句功效：相當于名詞詞組,它在復(fù)合句中能擔任主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語等。Hisjobisimportant.(主語)Whathedoesisimportant.(主語)Thisishisjob.(表語)Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.(表語)Idon’tlikehisjob.(賓語)Idon’tlikewhathedoeseveryday.(賓語)Idon’tknowaboutthefactthatheisateacher.(同位語)Idon’tknowabouttheman,Mr.White.(同位語)得出結(jié)論：所以依照它在句中不一樣語法功效，名詞從句又可分為四類，即：主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。三．引導(dǎo)名詞性從句連接詞：1、連接代詞：who,whoever,whose,whom,whomever,what,which。有詞義，在從句中擔任成份，如主語、表語、賓語、或定語等。Idon’tbelieve__________hehasachievedsofar.__________breaksthelawshouldbepunished.2、連接副詞：when,where,why,how。有詞義，在從句中擔任成份，作狀語。__________wewillhandintheprojectwillbediscussedlater.Parentsarethoughttounderstand__________importanteducationistotheirchildren’sfuture.Thereason__________hewasabsentwasthathewasill.3、連接詞：that,whether,if,asif,asthough。that無詞義，在從句中不擔任成份，有時可省略；if(whether),asif雖有詞義，但在從句中不擔任成份。Idon’tcareabout__________youhavemoneyornot.Theproblemis__________Tomisabletoarriveontime.__________themeetingwillbeheldhereisnotdecidedyet.Itlooks__________itisgoingtorain.Thetruthis__________hedidn’tcomefortheconcert.__________theearthisroundistrue.四．名詞性從句類型：1.主語從句：在復(fù)合句中作主句主語。連接詞有that,whether;who,what,which;when,where,how,why等。如:__________heisafamoussingerisknowntous.__________hewillgotoAmericaisnotyetfixed.__________she’scomingornotdoesn’tmattertoomuch.__________broketheglassyesterdayisnotclear.注意：1.為防止主語冗長,句子頭重腳輕,經(jīng)慣用it作形式主語,主語從句放在后面作真正主語。記住以下it作形式主語句型：It’slikely/possible/important/necessary/clearthat…很可能/主要是…/必要是…/很清楚…It’ssaid/reportedthat…聽說/據(jù)報道…Itseems/appears/happensthat…顯然、顯著、恰巧…It’sbeenannounced/declaredthat…已經(jīng)通知/宣告…It’snowonderthat…并不奇怪/無疑…It’sapity/afact/acommonknowledge(眾所周知）/acommonsaying（俗話說）that…Itworriedherabit______herhairwasturninggrey.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.forItremainsaquestion______wecangetsomuchmoneyinsuchashorttime.A.howB.thatC.whenD.whatItisknowntous______wherethereispollution,thereisharm.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that單個主語從句作主語時，謂語動詞用句單數(shù)形式；假如是兩個或兩個以上主語作主語，謂語動詞則視情況而定。Whenandwherehewasbornhasn’tbeenfound.Whenhewasbornandwherehewasbornhaven’tbeenfound.Whenandwhythepersonwasmurderedisstillunknown.Whenthepersonwasmurderedandwhyhewasmurderedarestillunknown.Exercises:.______makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.A.WhatB.WhoC.WhateverD.Whoever______Icanpaybackthehelpthatpeoplegivememakesmeveryhappy.A.WhereB.WhatC.ThatD.HowIt’snotclear______wasresponsiblefortheaccident.A.WhoB.WhatC.HowD.That______intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyoure-mailaccount.A.WhatisrequiredB.WhatrequiresC.ItisrequiredD.Itrequires2.表語從句：在復(fù)合句中作主句表語。引導(dǎo)詞有連詞that,whether,asif,asthough;who,what,which,whose;when,where,how,why,because等。如:Theproblemis_________wedidn’tgetintouchwithhim.Thisis_________Henrysolvedtheproblem.Hissuggestionis_________we(should)finishtheworkatonce.Itlooked_________itwasgoingtorain.Thereason_________wedidn'ttrusthimis_________hehasoftenlied．注意：1.假如句子主語是suggestion,advice,order,demand,proposal等名詞時,后面引導(dǎo)表語從句用should+動詞原形,should可省略。他提議是我們應(yīng)該馬上完成工作.Hissuggestionisthatwe(should)finishtheworkatonce.2.Thereasonisthat……理由是，…原因是…Thereason__________hewaslateagainwas__________hewascaughtinthetrafficjam.Thereason______Ihavetogois______mymotherisillinbed.A.why;whyB.why;becauseC.why;thatD.that;because3.Itisbecause…這是因為…Exercises:Thisis______shewasborn.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.whatThequestionis______wecan’tgotheretoday.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whenThereasonhehasmadesuchgreatprogressis______hehasneverwastedhistime.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.whatMyadviceisthathe______schoolbybike.A.gotoB.wouldgotoC.goestoD.wentto______shecouldn’tunderstandwas______fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.A.What;whyB.That;whatC.What;becauseD.Why;thatEnergyis______makesthingswork.A.whatB.everythingC.somethingD.anything3.賓語從句：在復(fù)合句中作主句賓語。引導(dǎo)詞有連詞that,whether,if;who,whom,whose,what,which;when,where,how,why等。如:(1)V+賓語從句，即“動賓”：Webelievethatheishonest./Iaskediftheyhadacheapsuit./Canyoutellmewhichdictionaryishers?/Ireallydon’tknowwhatheisdoing.Ijustdon’tunderstand______thatpreventssomanyAmericansfrombeingashappyasonemightexpect.A.whyitdoesB.whatitdoesC.whatitisD.whyitis---Don’tyoubelieveme?---______,Iwillbelieve______yousay.A.No;whateverB.Yes;nomatterwhatC.No;nomatterwhatD.Yes;whatever“Whatdidyourparentsthinkaboutyourdecision?”“Theyalwaysletmedo______IthinkIshould.”A.whenB.thatC.howD.what.(2)prep+賓語從句，即“介賓”：He’spleasedwithwhatwedidyesterday./Payattentiontowhattheteachersaid.Iwishtohaveafriendwith______sharesmyhobbiesandinterests.A.whomeverB.nomatterwhoC.whoeverD.anyoneMarywroteanarticleon______theteamhadfailedtowinthegame.A.whyB.whatC.whoD.thatItwasamatterof______wouldtaketheposition.A.whoB.whoeverC.whomD.whomever(3)adj+賓語從句，即“形賓”：I’msurethatmybrotherwilllovethejacket./Iamgladthatyoucancomeandhelpme.不能誤將”It+be+adj+that”主語從句當成賓語從句.如：ItisnecessarythatweshouldlearnEnglishwell.注意：(1)whether與if都能夠引導(dǎo)賓語從句，?？山粨Q。但下面情況不能交換。①賓語從句是否定句時，只用if，不用whether。Iwonderifitdoesn’train.②用if會引發(fā)誤解，就要用whether。Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouwanttogo.（假如把whether改成if，輕易當成條件句了解）③賓語從句中whether與ornot直接連用，就不能換成if；不直接連用，可換成if。Idon’tknowwhetherornotthereportistrue.Idon’tknowwhetherthereportistrueornot.④介詞后賓語從句要用whether引導(dǎo)。whether可與不定式連用，組成whethertodo結(jié)構(gòu)。whether也可引導(dǎo)主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句，還可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，以上均不能換成if。但引導(dǎo)條件從句時，只能用if，而不能用whether。Theydon’tknowwhethertogothere.Pleasecometoseemeifyouhavetime.Exercises:Iaskedher__________shehadabike.__________wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.We’reworriedabout__________heissafe.Idon’tknow__________heiswellornot.Idon’tknow___________ornotheiswell.Thequestionis__________heshoulddoit.Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion__________theoldmanwillrecoversoon.(2)假如賓語從句是由that引導(dǎo)，and或but連接兩個或兩個以上并列賓語從句,那么只有第一個that能夠省略，第二個或第二個以后that不能省略.Hesaid(that)thetextwasverydifficultandthatwehadtoworkhardatit.Mydeskmatetoldme(that)hewatchedafootballmatchlastnight,butthatitwasverydiscouraging.假如賓語從句后還有賓語補足語，就用it作形式賓語，將賓語從句后置，而且that不能夠省略.Hehasmadeitclearthathewillwinthegame.IfinditnecessarythatweshouldlearnEnglishwell.WefinditnecessarythatwepracticespokenEnglisheveryday.(3)表示“提議，命令，要求”賓語從句，如advise,suggest,order,request,require,demand等，從句用虛擬語氣，即should+動詞原形,should可省略。(4)在“主語+believe/think/suppose/know/expect”結(jié)構(gòu)中，其否定形式要用否定轉(zhuǎn)移，即主句否定，從句必定。Idon’tthinkhewillcome.Idon’tthinkI’lltroubleyouagain.Idon’texpectthattheywillgetmarriedsoon.(5)賓語從句時態(tài)呼應(yīng)：a.假如主句時態(tài)是通?，F(xiàn)在時或未來時,從句謂語可依照句意需要而選取任一個時態(tài).他相信他夢想總有一天會實現(xiàn).Hebelieves_________________________.b.請告訴我你昨天這個時候在干什么.Pleasetellme_________________________.b.假如主句謂語是通常過去時,從句謂語動詞通慣用過去某種時態(tài),但假如從句表示是客觀事實、真理、自然規(guī)律等時，從句謂語通慣用通常現(xiàn)在時。他告訴我他正在為考試做準備.Hetoldme_______________________________.

他說他已離開故鄉(xiāng)十年了。Hetoldme_________________________________.

老師告訴我們光是沿直線運行.Theteachertoldus_________________________.Exercises:Doyousee______Imean?A.that B./ C.how D.whatTellme______isonyourmind.A.that B.whatC.whichD.whyWemuststickto______wehaveagreedon.A.whatB.that C./ D.howLetmesee______.A.thatcanIrepairtheradio B.whetherIcanrepairtheradioC.Icanrepairtheradio D.whethercanIrepairtheradioKeepinmind______.A.thattheteachersaid B.whatdidtheteachersayC.thatdidtheteachersay D.whattheteachersaid4.同位語從句：在復(fù)合句中起同位語作用。通常放在名詞idea；belief；fact；truth；problem；news,information;hope;thought;promise等之后,用以說明或解釋前面名詞。慣用that,whether,who,whom,when,where,why,how,which等引導(dǎo)(whose和which不引導(dǎo)同位語從句)Weallknowthetruth______theearthgoesroundthesun.A.thatB.which C.whatD.whetherWeheardthenews______ourteamhadwon.A.whichB.that C.whatD.whereTheproblem______itisrightorwronghasnotyetbeendecided.A.whichB.that C.whetherD.ifTheyexpressedthehope______theywouldcomeovertoChina.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.whenThefact______hedidn’tseeTomyesterdayistrue.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.what注意：1.名詞suggestion,advice,order等詞后同位語從句謂語動詞要用should+動詞原形,should可省略。a.Thesuggestionthathe______atthemeetingwasagreedtobymostpeople.A.wasputforwardB.putforwardC.shouldlookforwardD.lookedforwardb.Thesuggestionthatwe______topicniconSundaywasagreedtobymostpeople.AwentB.wouldgoC.goD.wereallowedtogo2.同位語從句有時沒有緊跟在名詞后面，而是被別詞分開，稱為隔裂式同位語從句。HegotthenewsfromMarythatthesportsmeetingwasputoff.WordcamethatTomwouldgoabroad.Thequestioncameupatthemeeting______wehadenoughmoneyforourresearch.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whetherThere’safeelinginme______we’llneverknowwhataUFOis-----notever.A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.whatItremainsaquestion______wecangetsomuchmoneyinsuchashorttime.A.howB.thatC.whenD.whatDanbyleftwordwithmysecretary______hewouldcallagainintheafternoon.A.whoB.thatC.asD.which3.怎樣判斷同位語從句和定語從句?a.定語從句是先行詞修飾語，它不包括先行詞詳細內(nèi)容。定語從句中that不但起連接作用，而且在定語從句中充當一個成份，充當賓語成份時可省略。b.同位語從句對中心詞內(nèi)容作深入解釋和說明，表明中心詞詳細內(nèi)容。引導(dǎo)同位語從句that在同位語從句中不做任何成份，只起連接作用,無詳細含義,且不可省略.五．名詞性從句考點歸納：1.名詞性從句語序：a.That+陳說句：Thatlighttravelsinstraightlinesisknowntoall.---Isawyourneighborbreakyourwindowwithabasketball.---______itmademenearlymad.A.ThathebrokeB.WhathebrokeC.HebrokeD.Hisbreakb.疑問詞引導(dǎo)名詞性從句要求使用陳說語序，不能用通常疑問句語序,即“疑問詞+句子剩下成份”。Idon’tknowwhenhewillgotoNanjing./Thisiswhatwearelookingfor.a.Howwashesuccessfulisstillapuzzle.()

Howhewassuccessfulisstillapuzzle.()b.Couldyoutellmewherehelives?()

Couldyoutellmewheredoeshelive?()2.表示“提議，命令，要求”名詞性從句，如(suggest)suggestion,(advise)advice,order,request,demand等，要用虛擬語氣，即should+動詞原形,should可省略。3.that可省略情況：單個賓語從句中that可省略that不可省略情況：主語從句

表語從句

同位語從句

用it做形式賓語賓語從句

并列賓語從句中后幾個從句

引導(dǎo)詞that不能省略Idon’tthink________sheiscoming.Itisapity________hehasmadesuchamistake.Thereasonis_________heiscareless.Thenews________ourteamwonthematchinspiredus.Idon’tthinkitnecessary_________youshouldreadEnglishaloud.Hetoldme__________hisfatherhaddiedand__________hehadtomakealivingalone.4.關(guān)于whether與if使用：Whatthedoctorisuncertainaboutis______mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.A.whenB.howC.whetherD.whyElephantshavetheirownwaytotelltheshapeofanobjectand______itisroughorsmooth.A.不填B.whetherC.howD.whatThequestionis____thefilmisworthseeing.A.ifB.whatC.whetherD.how______hisdreamofgoingtocollegewillcometrueisuncertain.A.ThatB.WhetherC.IfD.EvenifExercise:我們何時舉行運動會還沒有決定。

________weshallholdoursportsmeetingisnotdecided.我不知道昨天誰打破了玻璃。

Idon’tknow_________broketheglassyesterday.我不知道他長什么樣子。

Ihavenoidea_________helookslike.這就是我忘記眼鏡地方。

Thisis_________Ileftmyglasses.1.Goandgetyourcoat.It's_______youleftit.A.there B.where C.therewere D.wherethere2._______thesportsmeetwillbehelddependsontheweather.A.Whenever B.If C.Whether D.That3.Theproblemis_______hehasenoughtime.A.if B.whether C./ D.that4.Hemadeapromise_______hewouldhelpme.A.what B.when C.that D.which5.Iremember_______thisusedtobeaquietvillage.A.how B.when C.where D.what6.Theylosttheirwayintheforestand_____mademattersworsewasthatnightbegantofall.A.that B.this C.what D.which7.Hetoldmethenews____theQueenwouldvisitChinathenextmonth.A.that B.which C.when D.when8.Whentheholidaysweredrawingnear,IaskedmyAmericanfriends___wasthebestwaytotravelintheUnitedStates.A.that B.what C.such D.that9.Hewasluckyenoughtosellhiscarforexactly______.A.wherehehadpaidforit B.whathehadpaidforitC.whathewaspaidforit D.whichhehadpaidforit10.Sometimesweareasked______wethinkthelikelyresultofanactionwillbe.A.that B.what C.which D.whether11.Theyhavenotmadeanydecisionon______theyaregoingtodotodealwiththewasteandcontrolpollution.A.that B.which C.if D.what12.---Doyouknowhim?---Yes,butIcan’tremember________Imethimforthefirsttime.A.where B.what Cthat D.if13.---Doyouknow_____Mr.Black’saddressis.---HemayliveatNo.18orNo.19ofBridgeStreet.I'mnotsureof_____.A.what;which B.where;which C.where;what D.what;where14.Thisoldcomputermusthavebeenofgreatuseto_______didthescientificresearch.A.those B.when C.whoever D.whomever15._______alltheinventionshaveincommonis_____theyhavesucceeded.A.What;what B.That;that C.What;that DThat;what16.---Irangyouataboutten,buttherewasnoreply.---Oh,thatwasprobably____Iwasseeingthedoctor.A.when B.why C.what D.that17.Mariahastobaby-sit.That’s______shecan'tcomewithus.A.why B.how C.when D.what18.____surprisedmemostwas______theyhadfinisheditsoquickly.A.What,what B.That,that C.What,that D.That,what19.Thereasonwhyshecouldn’tcometothemeetingwas_____shehadnotbeeninvited.A.because B.which C.that D.why20.Insomecountries,____iscalled"equality"doesnotreallymeanequalrightsforallpeople.A.which B.that C.what D.one在空格處填上適當關(guān)連詞：Thequestionis___________thefilmisworthseeing.Doyoudoubt________Ibelieveyou?Thismuseumisnot_______itwastenyearsago.Thereasonforhissuccessis________heworkhard.Shedresseswell,butthetroubleis______theclothessheiswearingdon’tgowitheachotherverywell.Thesuggestion______studentsshouldlearnsomepracticalknowledgeisworthconsidering.Itdependson_______wehaveenoughtime.Youhavenoidea_________anxiousIhavebeenforhersafety.Nowwecansee__________aseriousproblemthepopulationis.Iwanttobuysomestamps.Canyoutellme_______there’sapostofficenearhere?There’ssomedoubt_________shewillbeabletorepaythemoneyontime.Myradiodoesn’twork..Idon’tknow________isthetrouble._______hedoesn’tlikethemisveryclear.I’dappreciateit______youcarryouttheexperimentasdirected.Thefiredestroyed________wasinthebuilding.Weknowlittleabouttheyoungladyexcept______youtoldme.Iknownothingaboutherexcept________sheisfromCanada.________thereislifeonanotherplanetisalmostimpossible.Pleasegivemethebookto_______winsthefirstprize.Thechance_____hewillattendthemeetingisverylittle.Markwondered________youthoughtofthenewfilm.Theoldwomanwasshockedby_________hadhappenedtoherdaughter.LeiFenwasalwaysthinkingof_______hecouldhelpothers.Couldyoutellmefor_________youhaveboughtthisfurcoat?________hewantedtoseewasanendtoallthearmiesoftheworld.Theproblemliesin________welacktimetohaveholidays.__________ThomasEdisonbecameagreatinventorisknowntoall.______hefeltsorryforwas______hewasn’tintimetopreventtheaccident.__________wewillgocampingdependsontheweather._________islikelythatwecanbridgethegenerationgap.Weshouldhelp_____isinneedofourhelp.Thereason________hewasabsentwas_______hewasn’tinterestedinthemeeting.Thechildisfat.That’s______hehasasweetteeth.It’sbeyonddoubt________thatmanwilllagbehindintherace._______thedoctordoubtis_______mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.Traditionaleducationtaughtpeopletobelieve______beingintelligentmeantrememberinginformationandwritingaboutit.Afterthreehours’climbing,theyreached_______theythoughtwastheplacethey’dbeendreamingof.Themediatodaycandrawpublicattentionto________helpisactuallyneeded.Weagreedtoaccept______theythoughtwasthebesttouristguide.“Doyouthink_______Ishouldattendthelecture?”sheaskedme.Thepolicepromisedtodo________waspossibletosavethepeopletrappedinthemountains.Somepeoplearebornwiththebelief________theyaremastersoftheirownwhileothersfeel_______theyareatthemercyofothers.Themoment________Leowillneverforgetis________Mr.Greengavehimalotofvaluableadviceonhowtoimprovehiswriting.Ithinkthistripwaswellworth_______wehadpaid.Theword“media”basicallyrefersto________wecommonlycallnewspapers,magazines,radios