2022年職稱英語(yǔ)理工類教材新增部分內(nèi)容(十二)

2022年職稱英語(yǔ)理工類教材新增部分內(nèi)容（十二）第十二篇

MusicalTrainingCanImproveCommunicationSkills

Americanscientistssaymusicaltrainingseemstoimprovecommunicationskillsandlanguageretardation.Theyfoundthatdevelopingmusicalskillsinvolvesthesameprocessinthebrainaslearninghowtospeak.Thescientistsbelievethat1couldhelpchildrenwithlearningdisabilities.

1Shesaysmusicaltraininginvolvesputtingtogetherdifferentkindsofinformation,suchashearingmusic,lookingatmusicalnotes,touchinganinstrumentandwatchingothermusicians.Thisprocessisnotmuchdifferentfromlearninghowtospeak.2

Shefurtherexplainsmusicaltrainingandlearningtospeakeachmakeusthinkaboutwhatwearedoing2.Shesaysspeechandmusicpassthroughastructureofthenervoussystemcalledthebrainstem.3Untilrecently,expertshavethoughtthebrainstemcouldnotbedevelopedorchanged.ButProfessorKranssandherteamfoundthatmusicaltrainingcanimproveaperson”sbrainstemactivity.

Thestudyinvolvedindividualswithdifferentlevelsofmusicalability.Theywereaskedtowearanelectricaldevicethatmeasuresbrainactivity.TheIndividualsworetheelectrodewhiletheywatchedavideoofsomeonespeakingandapersonplayingamusicalinstrument--thecello.4Thestudyfoundthatthemoreyearsoftrainingpeoplehad,themoresensitivetheyweretothesoundandrhythmofthemusic3.Thosewhowereinvolvedinmusicalactivitieswerethesamepeopleinwhomtheimprovementofsensoryeventswasthestrongest.5Shesaysusingmusictoimprovelisteningskillscouldmeantheyhearsentencesandunderstandfacialexpressionsbetter.

詞匯：

retardationn.滯后cellon.大提琴

noten.音符rhythmn.節(jié)奏

electroden.電極sensoryadj.知覺(jué)的，感官的

解釋：

1．scientistsbelievethatcouldhelpchildrenwithlearningdisabilities：科學(xué)家發(fā)覺(jué)，音樂(lè)訓(xùn)練、對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)上有障礙的兒童有幫忙。that是從句“thatcouldhelpchildrenwithlearningdisabilities”中的主語(yǔ)。that指代上一句的developingmusicalskillsinvolvesthesameprocessinthebrainaslearninghowtospeak。withlearningdisabilities是定語(yǔ)，修飾children。

2．musicaltrainingandlearningtospeakeachmakeUSthinkaboutwhatwearedoin9：音樂(lè)訓(xùn)練和學(xué)習(xí)說(shuō)話這兩者都使我們思索我們正在所做的事。each指musicaltrainin9和learningtospeak中的任何一個(gè)。句子的主語(yǔ)是musicaltrainingandlearningtospeak，所以，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是復(fù)數(shù)的。

3．themoreyearsoftrainingpeoplehad，themoresensitivetheyweretothesoundandrhythmofthemusic：人們承受音樂(lè)訓(xùn)練的年份越長(zhǎng)，其對(duì)音樂(lè)聲音和節(jié)奏的敏感性也越高。people是前半旬中的主語(yǔ)。

練習(xí)：

ABothinvolvedifferentsenses.

BNinaKrausisaneurobiologist(~E~:~)atNorthwesternUniversityinIllinois.

CSomedisabledchildrenattended~themusicaltrainingClass.

DItshowstheimportanceofmusicaltrainingtochildrenwithlearningdisabilities.

EProfessorKrausssayscelloshavesoundqualitiessimilartosomeofthesoundsthatareimportantwithspeech.

FThebrainstemcontrolsourabilitytohear.

答案與題解：

1．B“空l(shuí)”后面的句子的主語(yǔ)是代詞she，說(shuō)明“空l(shuí)”的句子中有一個(gè)女性的名字。選項(xiàng)B有NinaKraus(Nina“尼娜”是女性名字)，句子的內(nèi)容是介紹NinaKraus，與后面句子的意思配得上。B是答案。

2．A本段的其次、三句說(shuō)，音樂(lè)訓(xùn)練和學(xué)習(xí)這兩件事沒(méi)有什么很大的不同。選項(xiàng)A的“Both

involvedifferentsenses”解釋了為什么這么說(shuō)，由于兩者都涉及不同的感官，也就是上文所列舉的“hearingmusic”(耳聽(tīng))，“l(fā)ookingatmusicalnotes／watchingothermusicians”(眼看)，“touchinganinstrument”(手觸)等。

3．F在六個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選項(xiàng)F的句子中消失特指的thebrainstem，說(shuō)明前文已消失過(guò)這個(gè)詞語(yǔ)。這是篇章寫(xiě)作中常用的詞匯連接方式。從意義上看，選項(xiàng)F的句子是解釋上文提到的brainstem的功能。上下文意思連貫，所以是答案。

4．E同上面第三題的解釋一樣，選項(xiàng)E的句子