新概念英語(yǔ)第四冊(cè)學(xué)習(xí)手冊(cè)Lesson46：Hobbies

新概念英語(yǔ)第四冊(cè)學(xué)習(xí)手冊(cè)Lesson46：HobbiesFirstlistenandthenanswerthefollowingquestion.

聽(tīng)錄音，然后答復(fù)以下問(wèn)題。

Who,accordingtotheauthor,are”Fortune”sfavouredchildren”?

agiftedAmericanpsychologisthassaid,”Worryisaspasmoftheemotion;themindcatchesholdofsomethingandwillnotletitgo.”Itisuselesstoarguewiththemindinthiscondition.Thestrongerthewill,themorefutilethetask.Onecanonlygentlyinsinuatesomethingelseintoitsconvulsivegrasp.Andifthissomethingelseisrightlychosen,ifitreallyattendedbytheilluminationofanotherfieldofinterest,gradually,andoftenquiteswiftly,theoldunduegriprelaxesandtheprocessofrecuperationandrepairbegins.

Thecultivationofahobbyandnewformsofinterestisthereforeapolicyofthefirstimportancetoapublicman.Butthisisnotabusinessthatcanbeundertakeninadayorswiftlyimprovisedbyamerecommandofthewill.Thegrowthofalternativementalinterestsisalongprocess.Theseedsmustbycarefullychosen;theymustfallongoodground;theymustbesedulouslytended,ifthevivifyingfruitsaretobeathandwhenneeded.

Tobereallyhappyandreallysafe,oneoughttohaveatleasttwoorthreehobbies,andtheymustallbereal.Itisnousestartinglateinlifetosay:”Iwilltakeaninterestinthisorthat.”Suchanattemptonlyaggravatesthestrainofmentaleffort.Amanmayacquiregreatknowledgeoftopicsunconnectedwithhisdailywork,andyetgethardlyanybenefitorrelief.Itisnousedoingwhatyoulike;youhavegottolikewhatyoudo.Broadlyspeaking,humanbeingsmaybedividedintothreeclasses:thosewhoaretoiledtodeath,thosewhoareworriedtohardweek”ssweatandeffort,thechanceofplayingagameoffootballorbaseballorSaturdayafternoon.Itisnouseinvitingthepoliticianortheprofessionalorbusinessman,whohasbeerworkingorworryingaboutseriousthingsforsixdays,toworkorworryabouttriflingthingsattheweekend.

Asfortheunfortunatepeoplewhocancommandeverythingtheywant,whocangratifyeverycapriceandlaytheirhandsonalmosteveryobjectofdesire--forthemanewpleasure,anewexcitementifonlyanadditionalsatiation.Invaintheyrushfranticallyroundfromplacetoplace,tryingtoescapefromavengingboredombymereclatterandmotion.Forthemdisciplineinoneformoranotheristhemosthopefulpath.

Itmayalsobesaidthatrational,industrious,usefulhumanbeingaredividedintotwoclasses:first,one.Ofthesetheformerarethemajority.Theyhavetheircompensations.Thelonghoursintheofficeorthefactorybringwiththemastheirreward,notonlythemeansofsustenance,butakeenappetiteforpleasureeveninitssimplestandmostmodestforms.ButFortune”sofsustenance,butakeenappetiteforpleasureeveninitssimplestandmodestforms.ButFortune”sfavouredchildrenbelongtothesecondclass.Theirlifeisanaturalharmony.Forthemtheworkinghoursareneverlongenough.Eachdayisaholiday,andordinaryholidays,whentheycome,aregrudgedasenforcedasenforcedinterruptionsinanabsorbingvocation.Yettobothclasses,theneedofanalternativeoutlook,ofachangeofatmosphere,ofadiversionofeffort,isessential.Indeed,itmaywellbethatthoseworkistheirpleasurearethosewhoandmostneedthemeansofbanishingitatintervalsfromtheirminds.

WINSTONCHURCHLLPaintingasaPastime

Newwordsandexpressions生詞和短語(yǔ)

gifted

adj.有天才的

psychologist

n.心理學(xué)家

spasm

n.一陣(感情)發(fā)作

futile

adj.無(wú)用的

insinuate

v.便潛入，示意

convulsive

adj.起痙攣的

illumination

n.啟發(fā)，照明

undue

adj.不造當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

grip

n.緊急

recuperation

n.休息

improvise

v.臨時(shí)作成

sedulously

adv.孜孜不倦地

vivify

v.使生氣勃勃

aggravate

v.加劇

trifling

adj.微小的

gratify

v.便滿足

caprice

n.任性

satiation

n.滿意

frantically

adv.狂亂地

avenge

v.替…報(bào)復(fù)

boredom

n.厭煩

clatter

n.吵鬧的談話

sustenance

n.生計(jì)

appetite

n.欲望

grudge

v.怨恨

absorbing

adj.引人入勝的

banish

v.排解，放棄

參考譯文

一位天才的美國(guó)心理學(xué)家曾經(jīng)說(shuō)過(guò)：“苦惱是感情的發(fā)作，此時(shí)腦子糾纏住了某種東西又不愿松手。”在這種狀況下，你又和頭腦爭(zhēng)吵讓它松手是無(wú)濟(jì)于事的。這種意志越是劇烈，這種嘗試越是徒勞。你只能緩和而巧紗地讓另一種東西進(jìn)入痙攣僵持的頭腦中。假如選得適宜，而且確實(shí)受到別的領(lǐng)域的情趣的啟迪，那么慢慢地，往往也是很順當(dāng)?shù)?，原先不適當(dāng)?shù)木o急就會(huì)松弛下來(lái)，恢復(fù)和修整的過(guò)程就會(huì)開(kāi)頭。

因此，對(duì)一個(gè)從事社會(huì)活動(dòng)的人來(lái)說(shuō)，培育一種業(yè)余愛(ài)好和各種新的興趣是關(guān)等重要的作法。但這并非一日之功，也不是單憑一蹴而就的事。精神上多種情趣的培育是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期的過(guò)程。要想在需要的時(shí)候可順手摘取布滿生氣的果實(shí)，那就必定從選良種做起，然后將其植入肥沃的土地，還需要勤勉地護(hù)理。

一個(gè)人要想真正感到幸福和平安，至少應(yīng)有兩三種愛(ài)好，而且都比擬實(shí)際。到了晚年才開(kāi)頭說(shuō)：“我會(huì)對(duì)這些人或那個(gè)人發(fā)生興趣”，已沒(méi)有用了。這種愿望只能加劇精神緊急。一個(gè)人可能會(huì)獲得與其日常工作無(wú)關(guān)的某些課題的淵博學(xué)問(wèn)，而沒(méi)有從中得到什么實(shí)益或?qū)捨?。干你所喜?ài)的事是沒(méi)有用的，你喜愛(ài)你所干的事。泛泛地說(shuō)，人可以分為3類：勞累至死的人、憂慮至死的人、無(wú)聊至死的人。對(duì)于流汗出力干了一周苦活的體力勞動(dòng)者來(lái)說(shuō)，讓他們?cè)谛瞧诹挛缭偬咦闱蚧虼驂厩蚴遣贿m宜的;同樣，對(duì)于為嚴(yán)厲的公務(wù)操勞或苦惱了6天的政界人士、專業(yè)人員、商人來(lái)說(shuō)，在周未再讓他們?yōu)楝嵤露鴦?dòng)腦子和憂慮也是無(wú)益的。

至于那些能任意支配一切的“可憐的人”，他們能夠恣意妄為，能染指一切追求的目標(biāo)。對(duì)這種人來(lái)說(shuō)，多一種新的樂(lè)趣、多一種新的刺激只是增加一分厭膩而已。他們處處奔亂跑，企圖以閑聊和亂竄來(lái)擺脫無(wú)聊對(duì)他們的報(bào)復(fù)，但這是徒勞的。對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)，用某種形式的紀(jì)律約束他們一下才能有盼望使他們走上正道。

也可以這樣說(shuō)，理智的，勤勞的、有用的人可以分為兩類：第一類是他分清工作是工作，消遣是消遣的人;其次類人