屆高考英語(yǔ)新課標(biāo)人教版第一輪UNIT基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)梳理復(fù)習(xí) 全省一等獎(jiǎng)

Unit4WildlifeprotectionRevision1．wildadj.野生的；野的；未開(kāi)發(fā)的；荒涼的2．decreasevi.&vt.減少；(使)變小；或變少n．減少；減?。粶p少量3．huntvt.&vi.打獵；獵?。凰褜?．certainadj.確定的；某一；一定5．containvt.包含；容納；容忍6．a(chǎn)ffectvt.影響；感動(dòng)；侵襲；作用7．a(chǎn)ppreciatevt.鑒賞；感激；意識(shí)到8．succeedvi.成功vt.接替；繼任9．incomen．收入10．employvt.雇用；利用(時(shí)間、精力等)11．harmn．&vt.損害；危害12．bitevt.&vi.(bit,bitten)咬；叮；刺痛13．incidentn．事件；事變

1．decrease

vi.&vt.減少；(使)變??；或變少n．減少，減?。粶p少量(反義詞：increase)例句Hisinterestinmusicgraduallydecreases.他對(duì)音樂(lè)的興趣逐漸減退。Theyaremakingeffortstodecreasetheexpenseoftheirfamily.他們正在努力減少家庭開(kāi)支。Therehasbeenasteadydecreaseinthebirthrateinthiscity.這個(gè)城市的出生率在持續(xù)下降。搭配decreaseby...下降了(強(qiáng)調(diào)幅度)decreaseto...下降到(強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果)辨析decrease/reduce

decrease強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)目減少；reduce則表示尺寸、數(shù)量、程度或強(qiáng)度減少，也可以表示地位、處境、狀況降低或惡化。運(yùn)用完成句子(1)參加英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)測(cè)試的人數(shù)減少了10%。ThenumberofstudentswhotookpartintheoralEnglishtest_________________.(2)最近幾年，這個(gè)鎮(zhèn)的人口減少到10萬(wàn)。Inrecentyears,thepopulationinthistown________________________.(3)我們要逐步縮小工資差距。Wemustgradually_____________________.decreasedby10%hasdecreasedto100,000reducethewagegap1.Metals_____whencooledandexpandwhenheated.A.decreaseB.reduceC.condenseD.contract

答案：C。句意：金屬冷卻后就會(huì)凝固，加熱就會(huì)膨脹。decrease“降低，減少”；reduce“減少”；condense“凝固，凝結(jié)”；contract

“感染”。C2．hunt

vt.&vi.打獵；獵取；搜尋例句Itisillegaltohuntrareanimals.捕獵珍稀動(dòng)物是違法的。We’llgohuntingintheafternoon.我們下午將出去打獵。搭配huntfor搜索；試圖找到huntafter探求；追求huntsth./sb.down捕獲某人/物huntsth./sb.out找出某人/物運(yùn)用完成句子(1)警察追捕到了一名罪犯。Thepolice_____________________.(2)約翰那天外出找工作了。Johnwentout________________thatday.(3)他從儲(chǔ)藏室里找出一本舊日記。He____________________fromthestorage.hunteddownacriminaltohuntforworkhuntedoutanolddiary

1.Inhislatestarticles,heinsiststhatregularexercises________goodhealth.

A.arrangeforB.reachforC.makeforD.huntforC答案：C。句意：在他最近的文章中，他堅(jiān)持說(shuō)，經(jīng)常鍛煉有助于身體健康。arrangefor“為…安排”；reachfor“伸手去夠”；makefor“有助于”；huntfor

“尋找、追捕”。3．contain

vt.包含；容納；容忍例句Mostfruitscontainwaterandsugar.大多數(shù)的水果含有水和糖分。Themeetinghallcancontain200people.這個(gè)會(huì)議室能容納200人。辨析contain/include

(1)contain意為“包含；容納”，指某物被容納在比它范圍更大的東西之內(nèi)，側(cè)重所含的量與成分。

(2)include意為“包括”，側(cè)重被包含者只是其中的一部分。運(yùn)用完成句子(1)這本書(shū)包含了你所需要的全部信息。Thisbook________________________youneed.(2)這個(gè)瓶子可容納多少粒藥片？Howmanytablets____________________?(3)這個(gè)價(jià)錢(qián)包括郵資在內(nèi)。Theprice_______________________.containsalltheinformationcanthebottle

containincludespostagechargeAsmallbook,whichgoeswithCDorDVD,__________________ofprintedmaterials,notes(backgroundnotesincluded)averaging600wordsandexpressionstranslatedintoEnglish.(contain)

一本小冊(cè)子,配有CD或DVD,其中含有一套完整的印刷材料、注釋?zhuān)骄?00個(gè)詞和短語(yǔ)譯成了英語(yǔ)。containsacompleteset選自2006年湖北卷A篇4．a(chǎn)ffect

vt.影響；感動(dòng)；侵襲；作用例句Herdeedsaffectedthewholeworld.她的事跡感動(dòng)了全世界。One’sexperienceswillaffecthisoutlookonlife.一個(gè)人的經(jīng)歷會(huì)影響他的人生觀。搭配effectn．結(jié)果；影響；效力beaffectedby受……影響/被……感動(dòng)haveaneffectupon/on對(duì)……有影響/有效力運(yùn)用完成句子(1)這對(duì)孩子的將來(lái)影響很大。It__________________thefutureofthechild.(2)所有的觀眾都被這場(chǎng)電影感動(dòng)了。Alltheaudience________________themovie.hadagreateffectonwereaffectedby派生FashiondesignerAngelaBarnard,whorunsherownfashionbusinessinLondon,saidolderwomen_______________________bycelebrity(名流)stylethaninpreviousyears.(affect)在London經(jīng)營(yíng)時(shí)裝業(yè)的時(shí)裝設(shè)計(jì)師AngelaBarnard說(shuō)，在前些年，年齡大一些的女性更受名流服飾的影響。weremuchmoreaffected選自2010年湖北卷C篇5．a(chǎn)ppreciate

vt.鑒賞；感激；意識(shí)到例句Hertalentformusicwasnotappreciated.她的音樂(lè)才能無(wú)人賞識(shí)。派生搭配appreciationn．欣賞；感激appreciatedoingsth.感激做某事Iwouldappreciateitif...如果……我將會(huì)很感激運(yùn)用完成句子(1)那是因?yàn)槟悴粫?huì)欣賞音樂(lè)。That’sbecauseyou_____________________________.(2)如果你能幫我做這件事，我將十分感激。__________________verymuchif

youwouldhelpmewithit.arenotableto

appreciatemusicIwouldappreciateitButanyway,thisisstillagreen,beautifulcountry.Ijustwish__________________________whatthey’vegot.(appreciate)但無(wú)論如何，這仍然是一個(gè)綠色的、美麗的國(guó)家。我只是希望更多的人會(huì)喜歡他們已經(jīng)得到的。morepeoplewouldappreciate選自2012年湖北卷A篇I.用本單元所學(xué)單詞及用法完成下列句子。1．他們的狗將門(mén)咬了一個(gè)洞。

Theirdog___aholeinthedoor.2．十一月正是獵鹿的好時(shí)節(jié)。Novemberisagoodtimeto______deer.3．一些野生動(dòng)物處于危險(xiǎn)中，因此有必要保護(hù)它們。Some______animalsareindanger,soitisnecessarytoprotectthem.4．他每月的收入剛剛超過(guò)2000元。Hismonthly_______wasjustover2,000yuan.bithuntwildincome5．他成功地得到了那份工作。He__________ingettingthejob.6．這起事件正在被調(diào)查。The________isbeinginvestigated.7．水中含有氧氣。Water________oxygen.8．這個(gè)城市煙民的數(shù)量在持續(xù)下降。Therehasbeenasteady________inthenumberofsmokersinthiscity.9．我很欣賞他對(duì)工作的極端專(zhuān)注。Ireally_________hiscompleteabsorptioninhiswork.10．情緒會(huì)影響工作。Moodcan______work.succeededincidentcontainsdecreaseappreciateaffectII.Multiplechoices:1.[武漢市2014屆高中畢業(yè)生五月供題訓(xùn)練(3)]

Weseldom_____manypreciousopportunitieswhicharealwaysprovidedheartedlyuntiltheyareoutofsight.A.guarantee B.treasureC.abandonD.appreciate2.Shehasbeenona_____fortwoweeksandhaslostfivepoundsasaresult.A.fallB.decreaseC.dietD.drop3.[湖北省武鋼三中2015屆高三10月月考英語(yǔ)試題]Survivorsoftendeveloptherarecapacitytoplanforthefutureand,atthesametime,_____themillionsofordinarymomentsthatmostpeopleignore.A.preserve B.confirm C.clarify D.appreciateDBC4.Lastyearatthistime,governmentsaroundtheworldsparednoeffortsto_____adeadlyfluvirusthatkilledscoresofpeopleinMexicoandquicklyspreadaroundtheworld.A.deposit B.release C.contain D.ignore5.Theywalkedintheforestssecretlyto_____thestrangeanimal.A.careforB.arrangeforC.huntforD.makefor6.Nuclearscienceshouldbedevelopedto_____thepeopleratherthanharmthem.A.benefitB.contributeC.affectD.protect7.Thehappiestarenotthosewhoownallthebestthings,butthosewhocan_____thebeautyoflife.A.appropriateB.appreciateC.admitD.affectCCAB8.Myexperienceshouldbeawarningtothosewhoaretoo_____intheirownopinions.A.certainB.boundC.sureD.confident9.Itcan’tbea(n)_____thatfourjewelrystoreswererobbedinonenight.A.coincidenceB.accidentC.incidentD.chance10.Ifyouintendtoarousethestudents’interestinyourproject,you’dbetter_____yourteachingmethodsmorewisely.A.enjoyB.encourageC.enrichD.employDADIII.Completethefollowingsentencesaccordingtothegivenwords:HowcanIunderstandthefivepsychologicalfactorsandtheway_________________________theconsumer’sbuyingbehavior?(affect)我如何理解這五種心理因素，以及它們以何種方式影響消費(fèi)者的購(gòu)買(mǎi)行為呢?2.Great!Ihaveonelastfavortoaskyou.I____________________ifIcouldborrowyourwhiteshirttonight.(appreciate)

太好了！我求你最后一件事。如果今晚你能把你的白襯衣借給我，我會(huì)很感激你的。3.Topayfortheirpurchases,peoplewillusesmartcards,_________________________________,insteadofcash.(contain)人們?cè)谫?gòu)物付款時(shí)，將使用裝有微型卡片的智能卡，而不再使用現(xiàn)金。(inwhich/that)theyaffectwouldappreciateitwhichcontain/containingatinychip4.Animportantapproach______________________istoreduceconsuminghydrocarbonandreusingvolatilegas.(decrease)降低烴類(lèi)損耗，回收揮發(fā)氣體，是減少大氣污染的重要途徑。5.Intoday’seconomy,__________________requiresmoretime,sweat,andmoneythanever.(hunt)在現(xiàn)今的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況下，找工作比以往任何時(shí)候都需要付出更多的時(shí)間、汗水和金錢(qián)。6.Newshomepagestypicallyusetemplates,___________________apredeterminedsizeforamainimage.(employ)新聞首頁(yè)通常使用模板生成，

多數(shù)會(huì)采用規(guī)定尺寸的主圖片。

todecreasingairpollutionhuntingforajobmanyofwhichemploy7.Thebasicdefinitionof“communication”is______________________________one’smeaningtoothers.(succeed)“溝通”一詞的基本含義是把某人的思想成功地傳遞給他人。8._________________thisnewly-discoveredmedicinehasalreadypreventedcountlessdeaths.(certain)

可以肯定的是，這個(gè)新發(fā)現(xiàn)的藥物已經(jīng)預(yù)防了無(wú)數(shù)的死亡病例。9.Itdoesn’tsoundlikebusinessforalongtime.Still___________________towatchoutandkeepourpowderdry.(harm)好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間看來(lái)不像那么一回事，不過(guò)提高警惕以防萬(wàn)一總不會(huì)有什么壞處。tosucceedinconveyingItiscertainthatitwon’tdoanyharm1．dieout滅亡；逐漸消失2．burstintolaughter突然笑起來(lái)；大聲笑了出來(lái)3．protect...from/against保護(hù)……不受……(危害)4．payattentionto注意5．comeintobeing形成；產(chǎn)生1．dieout

滅亡；逐漸消失例句Manyoldcustomsaregraduallydyingout.許多舊習(xí)俗都在逐漸消失。拓展dieof死于(疾病、饑寒、情感、年老等)diefrom死于(除疾病、饑寒、情感、年老等以外的其他原因)diedown暗淡；平靜下來(lái)；減弱dieoff一個(gè)個(gè)死去；相繼滅亡bedyingfor/todosth.渴望(做)某事運(yùn)用用die相關(guān)短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)Thebaby________fever.(2)He_________achestwound.(3)Thesoundofthecar__________inthedistance.(4)Thiskindofanimalhas_________intheworld.(5)Thedeerintheforestareall_________forlackofwater.(6)I’m_________somethingtoeat.diedofdiedfromdieddowndiedoutdyingoffdyingfor2．burstintolaughter

突然笑起來(lái)；大聲笑了出來(lái)例句Alltheclassmatesburstintolaughterwhentheyheardthejoke.聽(tīng)到那個(gè)笑話時(shí)，全班同學(xué)都捧腹大笑。拓展burstintotears/flames突然哭起來(lái)/著火burstoutlaughing/crying突然大笑/哭起來(lái)burstintosomeplace闖入某地運(yùn)用完成句子(1)我的英語(yǔ)老師的幽默足可以讓每個(gè)學(xué)生捧腹大笑。

MyEnglishteacherissohumourousastomakeeverystudent________________________________.(2)我們又繼續(xù)了10分鐘，直到女兒突然哭起來(lái)，并承認(rèn)她被打敗了。

Wecontinuedforanothertenminutes,untilsuddenlymydaughter____________________________,andadmittedthatshewasbeaten.burstintolaughter/burstoutlaughingburstintotears/burstoutcrying3．protect...from/against

保護(hù)……不受……(危害)例句Everyparentshouldprotecttheirchildrenfrombeinghurt.每個(gè)父母都應(yīng)保護(hù)自己的小孩不受傷害。運(yùn)用完成句子

大樹(shù)長(zhǎng)出很多樹(shù)葉，所以它們提供樹(shù)蔭保護(hù)我們免受陽(yáng)光照射。

Treesproducemanyleaves,sotheyprovideshadeto______________________.protectusfromthesun4．payattentionto

注意例句Youmustpayattentiontowhatyourteachersaysintheclass.上課的時(shí)候你必須專(zhuān)心聽(tīng)老師講課。拓展to為介詞的常用搭配有：lookforwardto期待berelatedto與……有關(guān)beaddictedto沉溺于getdownto著手做makeacontributionto對(duì)……作出貢獻(xiàn)referto參考；查閱；涉及運(yùn)用完成句子(1)當(dāng)比較不同文化的時(shí)候，我們經(jīng)常只是注意不同點(diǎn)，而沒(méi)有注意許多相似的地方。Whencomparingdifferentcultures,weoftenonly________________thedifferenceswithoutnoticingthesimilarities.(2)我熟悉他的作品，并期待他能就文藝創(chuàng)作問(wèn)題發(fā)表自己的見(jiàn)解。Iamfamiliarwithhisworksand_________________hearinghisviewonliteraryandartisticcreation.(3)當(dāng)你不知道怎么拼寫(xiě)一個(gè)單詞時(shí)，查閱一下詞典。_________thedictionarywhenyoudon'tknowhowtospellaword.payattentiontolookingforwardtoReferto5．comeintobeing

形成；產(chǎn)生例句Iamstillconfusedonhowtheblackholescomeintobeing.我還是弄不清黑洞是怎么形成的。拓展comeintoeffect實(shí)施；生效comeintouse投入使用comeintopower上臺(tái)執(zhí)政運(yùn)用用come相關(guān)短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)Whendidtheworld_______________?(2)Thenewseatbeltregulations________________lastweek.(3)Whendidthismachine_____________?comeintobeingcameintoeffectcomeintouse用本單元所學(xué)短語(yǔ)及用法完成下列句子1．羅馬帝國(guó)是什么時(shí)候形成的？WhendidtheRomanEmpire_______________?2．我會(huì)給你所有的事實(shí)以便你可以自己判斷。Iwillgiveyouallthefacts______youcanjudgeforyourself.3．請(qǐng)按照說(shuō)明將表填好。Pleasefilluptheform____________theinstructions.4．所有的村民都和睦相處。Allthevillagerslivetogether_________.comeintobeingsothataccordingtoinpeace5．隨身帶一頂帽子，你需要保護(hù)你的頭發(fā)不被太陽(yáng)曬傷。Takeacapwithyou.Youneedto_______yourhair____________theburningsun.6．許多動(dòng)物物種正處在瀕臨滅絕的危險(xiǎn)中。Manyspeciesofanimals_______________________.7．希望你對(duì)此問(wèn)題給予關(guān)注。Ihopeyouwill______________thisproblem.8．我們正在嚴(yán)肅認(rèn)真地談?wù)搯?wèn)題，他們卻突然大笑起來(lái)。They_________________________________tectfrom/againstareindangerofdyingoutpayattentiontoburstintolaughter/burstoutlaughing原句1Theylivedontheearthtensofmillionsofyearsago,longbeforehumanscameintobeingandtheirfutureseemedsecureatthattime.早在人類(lèi)產(chǎn)生之前，它們就在地球上生活了幾千萬(wàn)年，而且在當(dāng)時(shí)它們的未來(lái)似乎是安全可靠的。精講longbefore在本句中引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。意為“在……的很久以前；在還沒(méi)有……的很久以前”。此外，longbefore還可以單獨(dú)作狀語(yǔ)，意為“老早；早就”。精練根據(jù)中文提示，完成下列句子(1)在他還沒(méi)有結(jié)婚以前他就在這家工廠工作很久了。Hehadworkedinthisfactory___________hegotmarried.(2)我們?cè)缇涂催^(guò)那部電影了。We'veseenthatfilm____________.原句2We’rebeingkilledforthewoolbeneathourstomachs.我們因?yàn)槎瞧は碌难蛎徊稓?。精講“am/is/are＋being＋過(guò)去分詞”是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；而“was/were＋being＋過(guò)去分詞”是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。longbeforelongbefore精練根據(jù)中文提示，完成下列句子(1)那座橋正在修建。Thebridge____________.(2)那時(shí)湯姆在為我修自行車(chē)。Mybike________________byTomatthattime.isbeingbuiltwasbeingrepaired運(yùn)用所學(xué)語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，補(bǔ)充完整下面短文。Weshould(1)________________

(關(guān)注)theproblemoftheprotectionofwildlife,becauseatpresenttheyare(2)

_________(瀕臨滅絕)or(3)_________

(處于危險(xiǎn)之中).Ononehand,people(4)

____(捕殺)animalsforfoodorforthethickfurs.Ontheotherhand,peoplecannot(5)___________________(與……相處好)wildlifewhichtheythinkarefierceandmayattackthemtodeath,whichwillendangerthewildlife.Inorderto(6)_______

thewildlife(7)_______________

(保護(hù)……不至于滅絕),itisnecessarytosetupwildlifereserves.(8)____________

(只要)theabovemeasuresareeffective,thespecieswilldevelopgraduallyandsafely.payattentionto

dyingout

indangerhuntgetalong/onwellwith

protectfromextinction

As/Solongas

聽(tīng)說(shuō)考試“模仿朗讀”備考指導(dǎo)(五)5．語(yǔ)調(diào)英語(yǔ)中的基本語(yǔ)調(diào)有：升調(diào)(↗)，降調(diào)(↘)，升降調(diào)(∧)，降升調(diào)(∨)和平調(diào)(→)。其用法為：

(1)升調(diào)：主要用于一般疑問(wèn)句，帶有疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)氣；也可用于祈使句，表示委婉、客氣；或用于陳述句，表示疑問(wèn)、不肯定或不耐煩等。如：Canyoucometousforlunch？↗你能來(lái)和我們一起吃午飯嗎？Youknowher？↗你認(rèn)識(shí)她？Solong！↗太長(zhǎng)了！(2)降調(diào)：主要用于陳述句、特殊疑問(wèn)句、祈使句(表命令)和感嘆句。如：Thebirdsaresinginginthetrees.↘鳥(niǎo)兒正在樹(shù)上歌唱。WhenshallIgiveyouthebook？↘我什么時(shí)候要把書(shū)給你？Leavethebookonthedesk.↘把書(shū)放在桌子上。Whatabeautifulpicture！↘多美的畫(huà)??！(3)前升后降調(diào)：主要用于：①選擇疑問(wèn)句。如：Whichdoyouprefer,tea↗orcoffee?↘你更喜歡喝哪一種，茶還是咖啡？②以狀語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句開(kāi)頭的句子。如：Inmyopinion，↗heisperfectlyright.↘依我看，他完全正確。③計(jì)數(shù)或列舉。如：One，↗two,↗three↗andfour.↘一，二，三，四。Iwantapen，↗aruler↗andsomepaper.↘我需要一枝筆、一把尺子和幾張紙。注意：and連接的幾個(gè)并列的詞或短語(yǔ)，and前面的都讀升調(diào)，其后的讀降調(diào)。(4)前降后升調(diào)：主要用于帶有疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)氣的反意疑問(wèn)句。如：Youhaven'tfinishedit，↘haveyou？↗你還沒(méi)完成，是嗎？如果反意疑問(wèn)句中的疑問(wèn)成分很少，則全部用降調(diào)。如：It'saniceday,↘isn'tit？↘天氣真好，不是嗎？(5)平調(diào)：指說(shuō)話聲調(diào)維持在同一個(gè)高度，而無(wú)升降。如何豐富句子的表達(dá)

大多數(shù)考生寫(xiě)英語(yǔ)作文時(shí)，往往不注意語(yǔ)句表達(dá)形式的多樣化，句子千篇一律，缺乏生氣。這里列舉一些簡(jiǎn)單可行的方法，以幫助考生豐富句子表達(dá)，提高英文寫(xiě)作水平。1．改變句子長(zhǎng)度

初學(xué)寫(xiě)作的人容易堆砌簡(jiǎn)單的短句，讀起來(lái)單調(diào)乏味。如果改變句子長(zhǎng)度，做到短句、中長(zhǎng)句、長(zhǎng)句兼而有之，情況就大不一樣了。如：①Thereisonepositiveresultoftherisingcrime.②Thishasbeenthegrowthofneighbourhoodcrimepreventionprograms.③Theseprogramsreallywork.④Theyteachcitizenstopatroltheirneighbourhoods.⑤Theyteachcitizenstoworkwiththepolice.⑥Theyhavedramaticallyreducedcrimeincitiesandtownsacrossthecountry.⑦Theideaiscatchingon.文段中7個(gè)句子都是短句，十分單調(diào)?，F(xiàn)在我們對(duì)句子長(zhǎng)度做些調(diào)整：①Onepositiveresultoftherisingcrimeratehasbeenthegrowthofneighbourhoodcrimepreventionprograms.②Theseprogramsreallywork.③Byteachingcitizenstopatroltheirneighbourhoodsandworkwiththepolice,theyhavedramaticallyreducedcrimeincitiesandtownsacrossthecountry.④Theideaiscatchingon.修改后的這段文字，有短句②和④，有中長(zhǎng)句①，也有長(zhǎng)句③，不僅避免了