第01練介詞-2022年七年級(jí)英語（牛津上海版）（解析版）

第01練介詞1.常用表示時(shí)間的介詞I.at,on,inIgetupat6:00everyday.我每天6點(diǎn)起床。注：atnoon在中午；atnight在夜間；atChristmas在圣誕節(jié)期間；attheageoffive在五歲時(shí)。(B)on表示“在具體某一天或某天的上、下午”。如：Iheardashoton(themorningof)March18.三月十八日(早晨)我聽到一聲槍響。Wedon’thaveclassesonSunday.星期天我們不上課。(C)in表示“在某世紀(jì)、年、季度、月、周”以及泛指的上、下午、晚上。如：inthe20thcentury在20世紀(jì)；in1999在1999年；inwinter在冬季；inSeptember在九月；inthemorning/afternoon/evening在上午/下午/晚上。II.for,during,through(A)for后接“一段時(shí)間”，表示某事持續(xù)多久，多與完成時(shí)連用。如：Shehasbeenillforseveraldays.她已經(jīng)病了幾天了。(B)during表示“在……期間”。如：IwenttoFrancefortwoweeksduringthesummer.夏天我去了法國兩個(gè)星期。(C)through表示“一直……，自始至終”。如：Theyworkedhardthroughthewinter.整個(gè)冬天他們都在努力工作。III.from,since(A)from表示“時(shí)間的起點(diǎn)”，可譯作“從……”，多用于“from…to/till…”中。如：YoucancomeanytimefromMondaytoFriday.周一至周五你什么時(shí)間來都行。(B)since表示“自從……以來（直到現(xiàn)在）”。如：Hehasbeenawayfromhomesince1973.他自從1973年就離開了家鄉(xiāng)。Wehaveknowneachothersincetenyearsago.我們十年前就認(rèn)識(shí)了。注意：for和since都常與完成時(shí)連用，但for接時(shí)間段，since接時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如fortwohours（持續(xù)）兩小時(shí)；sincelastweek從上周直到現(xiàn)在。IV.before,by,till,until(A)before指“在……之前”，與after相對。如：Pleasecomebeforeteno’clock.請10點(diǎn)以前來。(B)till(until)“直到……為止”。Youmustwaitforhimtilltomorrow.你必須一直等到他明天。注：在肯定句中，till/until必須與延續(xù)動(dòng)詞連用；在否定句中，till/until常與非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用。如Ididn’tgotobeduntil12o’clock.直到12點(diǎn)我才睡。2.表示地點(diǎn)、方向I.over,above,under,below(A)over主要強(qiáng)調(diào)在某一物體的正上方Thebridgeovertheriverisverybeautiful.(B)above強(qiáng)調(diào)在上方，不一定在正上方，可指溫度、海拔等。Thetemperaturetodayisabove30degree.Themountainisabout3000metersabovethesealevel.(C)under強(qiáng)調(diào)在正下方，是over的反義詞Thereisacatunderthetree.(D)below是above的反義詞Theaveragetemperaturehereisbelow10degree.II.across,through“從這一邊到另一邊”Thedogranacrossthegrass.Theboyswamacrosstheriver.動(dòng)作在某一物體的表面進(jìn)行Ipushedthroughthecrowds.Theywalkedthroughtheforest.動(dòng)作是在三維空間進(jìn)行一、選擇題1．Theywillbuildanewbridge________theriverinfrontofmyhouse.A．on B．over C．in D．near【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：他們將在我的房子前面的河上建一座橋?？疾榻樵~。on在……上面；over超過，在……正上方；in在……里面；near在……附近。根據(jù)“buildanewbridge”及“theriver”可知表達(dá)橋在河面上，表示垂直關(guān)系，用介詞“over”。故選B。2．Weoftengoforawalk________theparknearourhome.A．of B．on C．in D．from【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：我們經(jīng)常去我們家附近的公園里散步?？疾榻樵~辨析。of屬于……的；on在……上；in在……里；from從，來自。根據(jù)“goforawalk”和“thepark”可知，此處應(yīng)用介詞in，表示在公園里。故選C。3．Sallysat________Harryandtheyhadlunchfacetoface.A．beside B．front C．opposite D．behind【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：薩利坐在哈利的對面，面對面地吃午飯?？疾榻樵~詞義辨析。beside在……旁邊；front前面；opposite在……對面；behind在……后面。根據(jù)facetoface“面對面”，可知薩利坐在哈利的對面。故選C。4．Maryistallerthanme.Shesits________meintheclassroom.A．between B．from C．behind D．a(chǎn)mong【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：Mary比我高。在教室里，她坐在我身后?？疾榻樵~辨析。between在……之間；from從；behind在……后面；among在……之中。根據(jù)“Maryistallerthanme”可知她比較高，應(yīng)該坐在后面。故選C。5．Walk________thehouse,turnleftandyou’llseeabigbridge________theriver.A．pass;above B．past;over C．pass;on D．past;on【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：經(jīng)過那棟房子，向左轉(zhuǎn)，你會(huì)看到河上有一座大橋。考查同義詞和介詞辨析。pass經(jīng)過，動(dòng)詞；past經(jīng)過，介詞；above在……上面，不一定指正上方；on在……上面，兩者之間有接觸；over在……上面，兩者之間無接觸，指正上方。根據(jù)“Walk...thehouse...”和選項(xiàng)可知，此處應(yīng)用短語“walkpast...（走過，經(jīng)過）”，所以第一空應(yīng)填介詞past；根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，通常情況下，橋與河并無接觸，并且橋位于河的正上方，所以第二空應(yīng)填介詞over。故選B。6．________Saturdaymorning,Iusuallygetup________10:00.A．In,on B．On,in C．In,at D．On,at【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：周六早上，我通常十點(diǎn)起床?？疾闀r(shí)間介詞辨析。on用于具體某天或者具體某天的上午、下午或晚上等；in用于世紀(jì)、年、月、季節(jié)等；at常用于表示鐘點(diǎn)等。Saturdaymorning“周六早上”是具體某天的上午用on；10:00是鐘點(diǎn)，用at。故選D。7．—What’stheweatherlikeinBeijing________July?—It’sveryhot.A．in B．on C．a(chǎn)t D．with【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：——北京七月的天氣怎么樣？——很熱?？疾榻樵~辨析。in其后加早中晚，月份，季節(jié)，年份等；on其后加星期或具體的時(shí)間；at其后加點(diǎn)鐘；with和。“July”是月份，所以用in，inJuly“在七月”。故選A。8．Weusuallyholdthemeeting________10:00onMondays.A．a(chǎn)t B．on C．in D．to【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：我們通常在星期一10:00開會(huì)。考查介詞辨析。at后加具體的時(shí)刻；on后加具體到某一天或具體某一天的早晨、下午和晚上；in后加某年某月某季節(jié)；to到?？蘸蟆?0:00”是表示具體的時(shí)刻，用at。故選A。9．—John,whatdoyouusuallyeat_________lunchatschool?—Nothingspecial.Justrice,meatandsomevegetables.A．on B．for C．a(chǎn)bout D．in【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：——約翰，在學(xué)校通常午餐你吃什么啊？——沒什么特別的，只是米飯，肉和一些蔬菜?？疾榻樵~辨析。on在某一天；for為了；about關(guān)于；in在里面。Whatdosbeatforlunch表示“……午餐吃什么”，這里的for表示“當(dāng)作，作為”，符合語境。故選B。10．Wemustgo________thestreetcarefully.A．cross B．a(chǎn)cross C．with D．of【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：我們必須小心翼翼地過馬路。考查介詞。cross穿過，動(dòng)詞；across穿過，介詞；with有；of屬于某人的。根據(jù)“thestreet”可知句子表達(dá)從馬路的一邊到馬路另一邊，用“goacross”。故選B。11．Let’smeet________thebusstopafterschoolandthengohometogether.A．a(chǎn)t B．to C．of D．with【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：放學(xué)后我們在公共汽車站見面，然后一起回家?？疾榻樵~。at在……，后接小地點(diǎn)；to朝；of……的；with和……一起；根據(jù)“thebusstopafterschoolandthengohometogether.”可知，此處指的是“在公共汽車站”，小地點(diǎn)前用介詞at，故選A。12．Whenyouareeating________thetable,youshouldnotmakemuchnoise.A．on B．near C．a(chǎn)long D．a(chǎn)t【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：當(dāng)你在餐桌旁吃飯時(shí)，你不應(yīng)該制造太多的噪音?？疾榻樵~詞義辨析。on在……上；near在……附近；along沿著；at根據(jù)，在某地。根據(jù)短語搭配“eatatthetable”意為“在餐桌旁吃飯語”。故選D。13．Britishpeopleonlygreettheirgoodfriendsorrelatives________akiss.A．a(chǎn)t B．in C．with D．on【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：英國人只用親吻來問候他們的好朋友或親戚?？疾榻樵~辨析。at在；in在……里面；with用；on在……上面。根據(jù)“greettheirgoodfriendsorrelatives...akiss.”可知，是用親吻這種方式問候親友，greetsbwith...“用……方式問候某人”，介詞with符合語境。故選C。14．Davidusuallygoestoschool__________bus.Sometimesherideshisbike.A．in B．on C．a(chǎn)t D．by【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：大衛(wèi)通常乘公共汽車去上學(xué)。有時(shí)他騎自行車?？疾榻樵~辨析。in在……中；on在……上；at在；by乘坐。根據(jù)“Davidusuallygoestoschool...bus.”可知，此處是bybus短語，意為“乘坐公交汽車”。故選D。15．—Suzy,ismathsdifficulttolearninhighschool?—Sure.Youcan’tlearnanysubjectwell________hardwork.A．through B．by C．without D．with【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意:——蘇西，高中的數(shù)學(xué)難學(xué)嗎？——當(dāng)然難學(xué),不努力你就學(xué)不好任何科目?？疾榻樵~辨析。through通過；by通過某種方式；without沒有；with有、和。根據(jù)“Sure.Youcan’tlearnanysubjectwell”可知，蘇西認(rèn)為高中的任何科目都很難，如果不努力就學(xué)不好，故選C。16．CanyoutellmehowIcangettothebookshop?（改為同義句）Canyoutellme________________________thebookshop?【答案】

the

way

to【解析】【詳解】句意：你能告訴我怎么去書店嗎？原句是賓語從句，表示“去某地的路”時(shí)，可以轉(zhuǎn)換成thewayto...去……的路，故填the；way；to。17．MrKingclosedthewindowandlefttheoffice.（改為同義句）MrKing________theoffice________thewindow_________.【答案】

left

with

closed【解析】【詳解】句意：金先生關(guān)上窗戶，離開了辦公室。原句可改為with引導(dǎo)的伴隨狀語，根據(jù)“l(fā)efttheoffice”可知，第一空填left。withthewindowclosed“窗關(guān)著的”，故填left；with；closed。18．Switzerlandisacountry.Ithasmanyhighmountains.（改為同義句）Switzerlandis__________________________manyhighmountains.【答案】

a

country

with【解析】【詳解】句意：瑞士是個(gè)國家。它有許多高山。介詞with“擁有，具有”，可以與后面的名詞“manyhighmountains(許多高山)”共同構(gòu)成介詞短語。因此，根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)以及句意分析可知，主語是“Switzerland(瑞士)”，系動(dòng)詞是“is(是)”，表語“acountry(一個(gè)國家)”，with與其后的名詞短語作為后置定語修飾其前面的名詞“country(國家)”。故填a；country；with。19．Shewouldlikebeefandcarrotnoodles.(改為同義句)Shewouldlikebeefnoodles________________.【答案】

with

carrots【解析】【詳解】句意：她想要牛肉胡蘿卜面。“名詞+and+名詞”這種結(jié)構(gòu)表示一個(gè)概念時(shí)，“并列連詞and+名詞”相當(dāng)于“介詞with+名詞”表示“附帶，兼”，故填with；carrots。20．Myparentsdrivetheircartoworkeveryday.(改為同義句)Myparentsgotowork_______

_______everyday.【答案】

by

car【解析】【詳解】句意：我父母每天開車去上班。driveone’scartowork=gotoworkbycar，意為“開車去上班”，故填by；car。21．Helefthome,buthedidn’tsaygoodbyetohismum.（改為同義句）Helefthome________________________________hismum.【答案】

without

saying

goodbye

to【解析】【詳解】句意：他離開了家，但他沒有和他媽媽說再見。即“他沒有和媽媽道別就離開了家”，空格缺少“沒和……說再見”。without“沒有”，表示否定，為介詞，故后面需用動(dòng)詞的ing形式；saygoodbyetosb.“向某人說再見”，為固定搭配，故填without；saying；goodbye；to。22．Ilikethepostcard.Therearemanyflowersonit.（改為同義句）Ilikethepostcard__________________________________it.【答案】

with

many

flowers

on【解析】【詳解】句意：我喜歡這張明信片。上面有許多花?？梢愿膶懗桑何蚁矚g這個(gè)上面有很多花的明信片。根據(jù)“Ilikethepostcard...”可知，填空處需要表達(dá)“上面有許多花的”，介詞with可表示伴隨情況，意為“帶有……的”，介詞短語“withmanyflowersonit”修飾前面的名詞“postcard”。故填with；many；flowers；on。閱讀單選MynameisZhangMing.I’min2058now.Somethingshaven’tchangedatallsincetheyear2018.Forexample,mygrandparentsstartedschoolat8o’clockeverymorning,justlikeme.However,mygrandfathersayshehadtogetupat6:30,makehisownbreakfastandgetdressed,andthencycletwentyminutestoschool.ButIcanstayinbeduntil7:30.Thenourhouserobot(機(jī)器人)wakesmeup,givesmeacleanschooluniformtowear,andmakesmybreakfast.IlikehamburgersandFrenchfriesverymuch.Butmymotherhasprogrammed(給……編程序)therobottogivemeonlythreetimesaweekbecausefastfoodisnothealthy.Ileavetheflatat7:55,andittakesmetwominutestogettomyschool,whichisonthefirstfloorofthebuildingwhereIlive.Thereareafewdifferencesbetweenourschoolandschoolsfiftyyearsago:wedon’tusepensandpaperanymore,butverylight,verythincomputersandwewriteeverythingonthem.However,westudyalmostthesamesubjectsaspeoplewhostudiedfiftyyearsago—Chinese,English,Maths,Science,Geography(地理),History.Homework?Yes,wehavehomeworktodo,too.Eachstudenthasahomeworkpad.Thepadlookslikeapieceofpaper,butit’sactuallyacomputer.Paperbooksarereallyexpensive,soweusuallybuycheapcomputerbooks.Youjusttouchthescreentoturnthepage.Ihavetodomymathshomeworkeveryweek.Ithinkmathsisuseless(無用的)becauseweneverneedtousemathsinourdailylife.Computersdoeverythingforus.Butourmathsteachersaysthatifpeoplestopstudyingmaths,they’llforgethowtothinkandbecomelikevegetables.Well,Iwanttobeavegetable.Ihatemaths!29．ZhangMingstartsschool_______everymorning.A．a(chǎn)thalfpastsix B．a(chǎn)thalfpastseven C．a(chǎn)tfivetoeight D．a(chǎn)teighto’clock30．Fiftyyearsago,ZhangMing’sgrandfatherwenttoschool_______.A．bybus B．onfoot C．bybike D．byunderground31．AtZhangMing’sschool,students_______.A．don’thavetowriteanything B．don’tusepensandpaperanylongerC．needn’tlearnaforeignlanguage D．don’tstudyanysubjectstheirgrandparentsdid32．ZhangMingthinksmathsis_______.A．notuseful B．veryinteresting C．notdifficult D．veryimportant33．Accordingtothearticle,intheyear2058_______.A．peoplecannotfindanypaper B．computerbooksarecheaperC．childrendon’tlikeeatingfastfood D．studentsneedn’tdoanyhomework34．WhichofthefollowingsentencesisNOTTRUE?A．Ahouserobotcanhelpusdolotsofhousework.B．ZhangMing’sschoolisnotfarfromhisflat.C．Studentsin2058arepleasedwitheverything.D．ZhangMingcanalwayswearacleanschooluniform.【答案】29．D30．C31．B32．A33．B34．C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是在2058年的張明介紹了自己的日常生活，學(xué)校生活以及作業(yè)的情況。29．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Forexample,mygrandparentsstartedschoolat8o’clockeverymorning,justlikeme可知，張明8點(diǎn)開始上學(xué)，故選D。30．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Somethingshaven’tchangedatallsincetheyear2018…andthencycletwentyminutestoschool”可知，五十年前他的祖父也是騎自行車去上學(xué)，故選C。31．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“wedon’tusepensandpaperanymore”可知，在學(xué)校不再用鋼筆和紙，故選B。32．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ithinkmathsisuseless”可知，他認(rèn)為數(shù)學(xué)沒有用，故選A。33．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Paperbooksarereallyexpensive,soweusuallybuycheapcomputerbooks”可知，2058年的電腦書很便宜，故選B。34．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的描述可知，張明不喜歡學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)，但是又不得不學(xué)，由此可推斷并不是對一切都很滿意，C表述錯(cuò)誤，故選C。完形填空Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage(選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x項(xiàng)完成短文)FALSEALARMIwasusingthebathroomatmylocallibraryandIthoughtIwaslockedinbecauseIcouldn’tpushthedooropen!Itwas_____23_____andIstartedscreaming.“HELP!HELP!”Iforgotthatitwasactuallyaslidingdoor.Finally,Dadcameinandopenedthedoor.WhenIcameout,Isawallthestaffandlocalslookingandlaughingatme!Therewereevenacoupleofkidsfrommyschool.Eeek!LaurenCLASSROOMCONFUSIONItwasmyfirstdaybackatschoolandasIenteredmynewclassroom,Isaid“Hi”tomyteacher.Butinsteadofsayinghername,Isaidthenameofmyteacherfromtheyearbefore!Itriedto_____24_____myselfbutthewholeclassburstoutlaughing,andevenmyteachersmiled.Ididn’tfeelso_____25_____andwhenIwenttositdown,mylegswereshaking!Argh!KateCHEESEPROBLEMSOnenightIwasabouttogotobed_____26_____Isuddenlyfelthungry,soIwenttothefridgetogetsomecheese.Theonlyproblemwasthatthecheeseandthebutterwereinthesamebox,soI_____27_____knowwhichonewaswhich!IpickedupwhatIthoughtwascheese,cutmyselfapieceandtakeabite.AsIwaseatingit,Iwasconfusedbecauseitdidn’ttastelikecheese.ThenIrealizedIwaseatingbutter!Itwassoembarrassing.JessicaBIGSCREAMSTARItwasaweekafterschoolcampandwewereatourweeklyschoolwhereamini_____28__