高二英語人教版選修七講義UNIT2SECTIONⅣ

Ⅰ.Readthepassageandthenmatchthemainideawitheachparagraph.①Para.1A．Asimov'sawardsandfamous②Para.2B．Asimov'stalentforwriting.③Para.3C．Asimov'smarriageand④Para.4D．Asimov'sbirthanddeath.⑤Para.5E．Asimov'smainachievements.⑥Para.6F．Asimov'slife答案：①～⑥EDFBACⅡ.Readthepassageandchoosethebestanswer.1．WhatkindofbooksisIsaacAsimovbestknownfor?A．Mysterystories.B．Sciencefictionstories.C．Scienceandhistorybooks.D．BooksabouttheHolyBible.2．HowoldwasIsaacAsimovwhenhebecameabiochemistryteacheratBostonA．22.B．28.C．29.D．38.3．WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrue?A．Asimovdiedattheageofseventy-two.B．AsimovwasonceabiochemistryteacheratBostonUniversitySchoolofMedicine.C．Hebecameafull-timewriterwhenhewasthirty-eight.D．TheFoundationtrilogywasanawardgiventoAsimov.4．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.A．AsimovwasaRussianscientistB．AsimovdiedinRussiaC．AsimovwasapersonwithatalentforwritingandambitionforworkD．Asimovdidn'tliveahappylifewithhissecondwife5．Thewriterwrotethispassageto________.A．showushowAsimovbecamefamousB．introduceAsimov,agreatAmericanscientistandwritertoreadersC．tellusAsimovhadatalentforwritingD．tellussomethingaboutAsimov'searlylife答案：1～5BCDCBⅠ.單詞拼寫1．Hehasdeepaffection(寵愛)forChinaanddoesn'twanttoleave.2．Hetookupthereceiver(聽筒)andbegantotalk.3．Tooursurprise,myniecehasatalent(天賦)forwritingpoemsalthoughsheisonlyfouryearsold.4．Thisnewmodelofdigital(數(shù)字的)TVismadeinJapan.5．Mymothercookedagrand(大的)turkeydinneryesterday.6．Sheisjunior(比……年幼)tomebutshelooksmature.7．Motoristsmustobey(聽從)thenewtrafficlaws.Ⅱ.拓展詞匯1．receivern．收件人；接收機(jī)；聽筒→receivevt.收到2．obeyvt.&vi.聽從；服從→disobeyvt.&vi.(反義詞3．imaginationn．想象(力)；制造力→imaginevt.想象；料想；猜測(cè)4．theoreticaladj.理論上的；假設(shè)的→theoryn．理論5．a(chǎn)ssessmentn．評(píng)價(jià)；評(píng)定→assessv．評(píng)價(jià)；評(píng)定6．junioradj.較年幼的；資格較淺的；地位較低的n.年少者；晚輩；等級(jí)較低者→senior(反義詞)adj.資格較老的；地位較高的n．較年長(zhǎng)者7．talentn．天才；特殊力量；才能→talentedadj.天才的；有才能的[巧記單詞]派生詞receiver→receive＋-(e)rassessment→assess＋-mentdisobey→dis-＋obeyⅢ.補(bǔ)全短語1．feelpityforsb.憐憫某人2．setaside將……放在一邊；為……節(jié)約或保存(錢或時(shí)間)3．a(chǎn)tonetime曾經(jīng)；一度4．beattachedto寵愛；依戀5．inall一共；總計(jì)6．beboundtodo肯定做……7．a(chǎn)saresult(of)作為(……的)結(jié)果8．help(sb.)out關(guān)心(某人)擺脫逆境9．gain/receiveamaster'sdegreeinchemistry獲得化學(xué)碩士學(xué)位10．take仔細(xì)對(duì)待某人/某事物1．[教材原句]Whilesomeownerswerefirmwiththeirrobot'ssuggestions,otherswouldturnaroundandwalkoutoftheshop,feelingembarrassed.有些仆人堅(jiān)信他們的機(jī)器人的建議，而另一些仆人會(huì)為難地轉(zhuǎn)身走出商店。[句型點(diǎn)撥]while在句中表示比照。[佳句賞析]IlikeEnglishwhilehelikesmaths.我寵愛英語而他寵愛數(shù)學(xué)。2．[教材原句]Amonghismostfamousworksofsciencefiction,oneforwhichhewonanawardwastheFoundationtrilogy(1951－1953),threenovelsaboutthedeathandrebirthofagreatempireinagalaxyofthefuture.在他那些最著名的科幻作品中，有一部獲獎(jiǎng)作品叫做?基地?三部曲(1951－1953)，由三本小說組成，講的是將來銀河系中一個(gè)宏大帝國(guó)的滅亡和再生。[句型點(diǎn)撥]one作同位語，代替上文提到的科幻作品中的一部作品。[佳句賞析]Thenumber2008isaspecialnumber,onethatwillberememberedbyalltheChinese.數(shù)字“2008〞是一個(gè)將被全部中國(guó)人記住的特殊的數(shù)字。3．[教材原句]Useaclearsimplestyleasifyouwerewritingtoyoungerstudentsinyourschool.運(yùn)用簡(jiǎn)潔明白的寫作風(fēng)格，就好似你是寫給你們學(xué)校中低班級(jí)的同學(xué)那樣。[句型點(diǎn)撥]asif引導(dǎo)狀語從句，也可引導(dǎo)表語從句。asif從句中，當(dāng)說話人認(rèn)為從句所陳述的是不真實(shí)的或不行能發(fā)生(存在)的狀況時(shí)，從句謂語常用虛擬語氣。[佳句賞析]Whenapencilispartlyputintoaglassofwater,itlooksasifitwerebroken.當(dāng)把鉛筆的一局部放進(jìn)水里時(shí)，它看上去就好似斷了一樣。eq\a\vs4\al([課文對(duì)譯])ABIOGRAPHYOFISAACASIMOVIsaacAsimovwasanAmericanscientistandwriterwhowrotearound480booksthatincludedmysterystories,scienceandhistorybooks,andevenbooksabouttheHolyBibleandShakespeare.Butheisbestknownforhissciencefictionstories.Asimovhadbothanextraordinaryimaginationthatgavehimtheabilitytoexplorefutureworldsandanamazingmindwithwhichhesearchedforexplanationsofeverything,inthepresentandthepast.Asimov'slifebeganinRussia,wherehewasbornon2January,1920.ItendedinNewYorkon6April,1992,whenhediedasaresultofanHIVinfectionthathehadgotfromabloodtransfusionnineyearsWhenAsimovwasthree,hemovedwithhisparentsandhisone-year-oldsistertoNewYorkCity.Therehisparentsboughtacandystorewhichtheyranforthenext40orsoyears.Attheageofnine,whenhismotherwaspregnantwithherthirdchild,Asimovstartedworkingpart-timeinthestore.Hehelpedoutthroughhisschoolanduniversityyearsuntil1942,ayearafterhehadgainedamaster'sdegreeinchemistry.In1942hejoinedthestaffofthePhiladelphiaNavyYardasajuniorchemistandworkedthereforthreeyears.In1948hegothisPhDinchemistry.ThenextyearhebecameabiochemistryteacheratBostonUniversitySchoolofMedicine.In1958hegaveupteachingtobeeaItwaswhenAsimovwaselevenyearsoldthathistalentforwritingbecameobvious.Hehadtoldafriendtwochaptersofastoryhehadwritten.Thefriendthoughthewasretellingastoryfromabook.ThisreallysurprisedAsimovandfromthatmoment,hestartedtotakehimselfseriouslyasawriter.Asimovbeganhavingstoriespublishedinsciencefictionmagazinesin1939.In1950hepublishedhisfirstnovelandin1953hisfirstsciencebook.Throughouthislife,Asimovreceivedmanyawards,bothforhissciencefictionbooksandhissciencebooks.Amonghismostfamousworksofsciencefiction,oneforwhichhewonanawardwastheFoundationtrilogy(1951－1953),threenovelsaboutthedeathandrebirthofagreatempireinagalaxyofthefuture.ItwaslooselybasedonthefalloftheRomanEmpirebutwasaboutthefuture.ThesebooksarefamousbecauseAsimovinventedatheoreticalframeworkwhichwasdesignedtoshowhowideasandthinkingmaydevelopinthefuture.Heisalsowellknownforhiscollectionofshortstories,I,Robot(1950),inwhichhedevelopedasetofthree“l(fā)aws〞forrobots.Forexample,thefirstlawstatesthatarobotmustnotinjurehumanbeingsorallowthemtobeinjured.SomeofhisideasaboutrobotslaterinfluencedotherwritersandevenscientistsresearchingintoartificialAsimovwasmarriedtwice.Hemarriedhisfirstwifein1942andhadasonandadaughter.Theirmarriagelasted31years.Soonafterhisdivorcein1973,Asimovmarriedagainbuthehadnochildrenwithhissecondwife.艾薩克·阿西莫夫傳艾薩克·阿西莫夫是一位科學(xué)家兼作家，他寫過大約480本書，包括偵探小說、科學(xué)和歷史方面的書，甚至還寫過有關(guān)圣經(jīng)及莎士比亞的書。但是他以他的科幻故事而著名。阿西莫夫不僅有著超凡的想象力，這種想象力給他探究將來世界的力量，而且還有著驚人的才智，使他找出對(duì)現(xiàn)在和過去的各種事物的解釋。阿西莫夫的一生是從俄羅斯開頭的，他生于1920年1月2日。阿西莫夫的一生是1992年4月6日在紐約結(jié)束的。他是由于在9年前的一次輸血中感染了艾滋病病毒而去世的。阿西莫夫三歲的時(shí)候，就伴同他的父母和他一歲的妹妹一起搬到了紐約。在那兒，他的父母買下了一家糖果店，后來他們始終經(jīng)營(yíng)了大約40年。阿西莫夫九歲的時(shí)候，他的母親懷了第三個(gè)孩子，阿西莫夫就開頭在糖果店里做兼職工作。他讀中學(xué)和讀高校的那段時(shí)期都在關(guān)心(家里)擺脫逆境，直到1942年，也就是他獲得化學(xué)碩士學(xué)位的一年以后。在1942年他在費(fèi)城海造船廠里任初級(jí)化學(xué)師，并在那里工作了三年。在1948年，他獲得化學(xué)博士學(xué)位。其次年他在波士頓高校的醫(yī)學(xué)院任生化老師。1958年他放棄了教學(xué)工作，成為一名全職作家。阿西莫夫11歲時(shí)，他的寫作才華就已經(jīng)顯露出來了。他把他寫的故事中的兩個(gè)章節(jié)講給他的一個(gè)伴侶。這個(gè)伴侶以為他是在復(fù)述某本書上的一個(gè)故事。這使阿西莫夫真的很驚異，從那時(shí)起，他就開頭仔細(xì)地把自己當(dāng)成一名作家了。1939年，阿西莫夫開頭在科幻小說雜志上發(fā)表文章。1950年他出版了他的第一部小說，1953年出版了他的第一部科學(xué)書籍。在他的一生中，阿西莫夫?qū)掖潍@獎(jiǎng)，既有科幻小說獎(jiǎng)，也有科學(xué)書籍獎(jiǎng)。在他那些最出名的科幻著作中，有一部獲獎(jiǎng)作品叫作?基地?三部曲(1951－1953年)，由三本關(guān)于將來銀河系中一個(gè)宏大帝國(guó)的滅亡與復(fù)興的小說組成。它大致是以羅馬帝國(guó)的沒落為根底，但講的是關(guān)于將來的事。這些書知名是由于阿西莫夫提出了一個(gè)理論框架，用以闡述各種想法在將來可能會(huì)如何開展。他的短篇小說集?我，機(jī)器人?(1950年)也是享有盛名的，在這本書里他提出機(jī)器人的三條“規(guī)那么〞。舉例來說，第一條規(guī)那么就是聲明機(jī)器人不得損害人類，也不能允許人類受到損害。他的那些有關(guān)機(jī)器人的思想后來影響了其他作家，甚至那些從事人工智能討論的科學(xué)家們。阿西莫夫結(jié)過兩次婚。他于1942年同他的第一任妻子結(jié)婚，生有一兒一女。他們的婚姻持續(xù)了31年。1973年他離婚后不久，阿西莫夫又結(jié)婚了，但是他與其次任妻子沒有生育兒女。1．Hefelthappywhenhisbossstatedthathecouldsetasidesometimeforexercise.(P13)當(dāng)老板說他可以抽出些時(shí)間來熬煉身體時(shí)，他感到很快樂?！飐etaside將……放在一邊；為……節(jié)約或保存(錢或時(shí)間)setdown登記；放下setoff 動(dòng)身；引爆；引起setup 直立；建立；張貼setout(todosth.) 動(dòng)身；開頭(做某事)setaboutdoingsth. 著手做某事①Inmuchoftheanimalworld,nightisthetimesetasideforsleep—pureandsimple.在許多動(dòng)物世界里，夜晚完全是用來睡覺的時(shí)間。②Hemadesandwiches,set_upatableinthestreetandgavefoodtothehomeless.他做三明治，在街上布置好桌子，給無家可歸者供應(yīng)食物。③BenjaminFranklinsetaboutlearning(learn)theprintingtradeatanearlyage.本杰明·富蘭克林早年就開頭學(xué)習(xí)印刷術(shù)。④Georgesetoutto_improve(improve)hishand-writing.約翰開頭努力改良他的書寫。2．Whosaidthatmakingarobotsomuchlikeamanwasboundtocausetrouble？(P15)誰說把機(jī)器人造得這么像人肯定會(huì)引起麻煩？★boundadj.肯定的；親密相關(guān)的；有義務(wù)的；預(yù)備到……的be/feelboundtodosth.肯定會(huì)做某事；有義務(wù)做某事beboundforsomeplace到某地去beboundupinsth.忙于某事beboundupwithsth.和某事親密相關(guān)①Solongasweholdfasttoouridealsandnevergiveup,weareboundtoachievesuccess.只要我們堅(jiān)持幻想、永不放棄，我們肯定會(huì)取得勝利。②Hemissedtheexpresstrainthatwas_bound_forShanghai.他錯(cuò)過了那輛開往上海的快車。③Hisinterestsarepletelybound_up_inhiswifeandfamily.他的愛好完全集中在妻子和家庭上了。④Therulesarenotsuitableforthedevelopmentofareboundtobe_abolished(abolish)someday.這些規(guī)定不符合社會(huì)的開展，它們終有一天會(huì)被廢除。3．In1942hejoinedthestaffofthePhiladelphiaNavyYardasajuniorchemistandworkedthereforthreeyears.(P16)1942年他成為費(fèi)城海造船廠的一名初級(jí)化學(xué)師，并在那里工作了三年。★junioradj.較年幼的；地位較低的n.年少者；晚輩；等級(jí)、地位較低者(1)juniortosb.比某人??；比某人的地位(級(jí)別或職位)低(2)eq\b\lc\{\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(AisjuniortoBby...years.,Ais...yearsjuniortoB.,Ais...yearsB'sjunior.,AisB'sjuniorby...years.))A比B小……歲。①Heheldajuniorpositioninthepany.他在這家公司擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)图?jí)職務(wù)。②Ofthetwoofficers,Jamesisthejunior.在兩位官員中，詹姆斯是年齡較小的那位。③Sheisfouryearsmyjunior.＝Sheismyjuniorbyfouryears.＝Sheisjuniortomebyfouryears.＝Sheisfouryearsjuniortome.她比我小四歲。[點(diǎn)津]junior,senior,superior,inferior等本身含有比擬的意味，故沒有比擬級(jí)和最高級(jí)；表示比擬時(shí)，不與than而與to搭配。④ThoughJacklooksyoungerthanAnn,he'sseniortoher.雖然杰克看上去比安年輕，但他比她年長(zhǎng)。4．ItwaswhenAsimovwaselevenyearsoldthathistalentforwritingbecameobvious.(P16)早在阿西莫夫11歲的時(shí)候，他的寫作才華就已經(jīng)顯露出來了?！飔alentn．天才；特殊力量；才能(1)haveatalentfor對(duì)……有天賦；擁有……天賦showatalentfor表現(xiàn)出……才能(2)talentedadj.有才能的；聰穎的betalentedin/at在……有天賦①M(fèi)ybrothershowedatalentformusicwhenhewasveryyoung.我弟弟在很小的時(shí)候就表現(xiàn)出音樂才能。②Hehad_a_talent_forsingingatanearlyage.很小的時(shí)候，他就有唱歌的天賦。③Sheisa_talented_artistaswellasaphotographer.她不但是位攝影師，還是位天才藝術(shù)家。④I'vebeentoldthatheistalentedin/atmaths.我聽說他在數(shù)學(xué)方面有天賦。[點(diǎn)津]talent的同義詞是gift;talented的同義詞是gifted。5．Amonghismostfamousworksofsciencefiction,oneforwhichhewonanawardwastheFoundationtrilogy(1951－1953),threenovelsaboutthedeathandrebirthofagreatempireinagalaxyofthefuture.(P16)在他那些最著名的科幻作品中，有一部獲獎(jiǎng)作品叫做?基地?三部曲(1951－1953)，由三本小說組成，講的是將來銀河系中一個(gè)宏大帝國(guó)的滅亡和再生?！飋ne作同位語，代替上文提到的科幻作品(hismostfamousworksofsciencefiction)中的一部作品。①M(fèi)eetingmyuncleafteralltheseyearswasanunforgettablemoment,oneI'llalwaystreasure.這些年過后見到我叔叔是一個(gè)令人難忘的時(shí)刻，一個(gè)我會(huì)永久珍惜的時(shí)刻。②Abridgemadeofstonelastslongerthanonemadeofwood.石橋比木橋使用時(shí)間長(zhǎng)。[辨析]it通常用來指代上文提到過的那個(gè)事物，表示特指概念，即指代同一物one表示泛指概念，替代可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式。其復(fù)數(shù)形式ones也表示泛指概念，用來替代可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。theone(s)也是替代可數(shù)名詞，但表示特指概念that既可以用來指代可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，又可以用來指代不行數(shù)名詞，表示特指概念，相當(dāng)于“the＋名詞〞結(jié)構(gòu)those替代上文提到的人或物中特指的“那些〞，替代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)選用以上單詞填空③Shehasnowatch,soIwanttobuyoneforher.④Thereisonlyonewatchofthetypeintheshop,soIwanttobuyitforher.⑤TheweatherhereiscolderthanthatinChina.⑥Thesebooksarebetterthanthoseontheshelf.Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Lookattheshiningstarsinthesky.Theweatherisboundto_get_(get)bettertomorrow.2．Herushedoutoftheroom,stating(state)thatheknewnothingaboutit.3．Toeverybody'ssurprise,theygotdivorced(divorce)lastmonth,thoughtheyhadbeenmarriedforonlytwomonths.4．ItwasJohnwhobroketheareyoutalkingtomeasifIhad_done(do)it?5．Thesingeris_talented(talent)insingingandsoheislovedbymanyfans.6．Parentsshouldattachimportancetodevelopingchildren'sgoodhabitsinlife.7．Thebabybirdisatthestagewhenitisreadytoleavethenest.8．Shehasastrongaffection(affect)forhermiddleschoolteachersandvisitsthemnowandthen.9．Shesetsaside20minuteseverydayformeditation.10．Beforedrivingintothedowntown,youarerequiredtohaveyourcar_cleaned(clean)．11．TommarriedMary,whoisjuniortohimby2years.12．Theteachingstaffofourschoolare(be)allexcellent.13．Theoryisbasedonpracticeandinturnservespractice.14．Itishisnaughtybrotherwho/thatputthetortoiseinthetank.15．Hebegantotakepoliticalscienceseriously(serious)onlywhenheleftschool.Ⅱ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1．Heistwoyearsyoungerthanme.①Heistwoyearsjuniortome.②Heisjuniortomebytwoyears.③Heistwoyearsmyjunior.④Heismyjuniorbytwoyears.2．Theirmarriagebrokeupjustafewyearslater.→Theirmarriageendedindivorcejustafewyearslater.3．You'vedonesomuchwork—you'resuretopasstheexam.→You'vedonesomuchwork—youareboundtopasstheexam.Ⅲ.完成句子1．Youare_bound_to_be_admitted_toafamousuniversityifyoufollowyourteachers'advicetostudyeffectively.假如你聽從你老師的建議有效地學(xué)習(xí)，你肯定會(huì)被一所知名高校錄用。2．Maryset_out_forthemarkettobuysomevegetables.瑪麗動(dòng)身去市場(chǎng)買一些蔬菜。3．Boysaregoodatmathswhile_girls_are_good_at_language.男孩擅長(zhǎng)數(shù)學(xué)，而女孩擅長(zhǎng)語言。4．Shetalks_as_if/though_she_knew_all_about_it.她說話的口氣就好似這件事她全都知道了。5．Theharderyoustudy,the_greater_progressyouwillmake.你學(xué)習(xí)越努力，進(jìn)步就越大。[對(duì)應(yīng)同學(xué)課下力量提升(七)]Ⅰ.依據(jù)提示寫出單詞的正確形式1．Asstudents,wearesupposedtoobey_(遵守)theschoolrules.2．Hisfatherhasasmallfactorywithastaff(員工)ofjustoveronehundred.3．Thecouplequarreledalotandeventuallyendedindivorce(離婚)．4．Shehasagreataffection(感情)forherhometown.5．Sheisproudthatherchildhasatalent(天賦)formusic.6．Hemadeacarefulassessment(assess)ofthepresentsituationinthisarea.7．Itissaidthesebooksaredesignedtodeveloptheimagination(imagine)ofthechildren.8．Forthosewhodesignthings,thesearenotjusttheoretical(theory)questions.9．EverybodysaidJanewasatalented(talent)girlbecauseshedidwellinallhersubjects.10．Mollyismoreofagiverthanareceiver(receive)．Ⅱ.選詞填空eq\x(asaresultof，inall，atonetime，setaside，take...seriously，beboundto，afterall)likedthenovelsomuchthatsheset_asideherhomeworkandbegantoreadit.2．Hevisited,in_all,_tenhospitalsinChina.3．Jennynearlymissedtheflightas_a_result_ofdoingtoomuchshopping.4．Therewasatempleonthehillat_one_time.5．Ifyoudon'ttakeyourstudyseriously,_youwillfailintheingexam.6．WeknowthatweChinesepeopleare_bound_towinthebattleagainstthepresentseveresmogwiththehelpofourgovernment.7．Don'tbetoohardonhim.After_all,_heisonly6yearsold.Ⅲ.完成句子1．Thishospitalis_attached_tothemedicalcollegenearby.這家醫(yī)院附屬于四周的那所醫(yī)學(xué)院。2．Mysistershowed_a_talent/gift_forliteraturewhenshewasveryyoung.我妹妹很小的時(shí)候就表現(xiàn)出文學(xué)方面的才能。3．Myeldersisterhad_her_wallet_stolenonabuslastmonth.上個(gè)月，我姐姐的錢包在公共汽車上被偷了。4．Havingworkedforjusttwoweeks,heis_junior_tothosewhohavebeeninthepanyforalongtime.由于剛剛工作了兩周，對(duì)于那些在公司工作了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的人來說他資格尚淺。5．Weliveinanagewhen_more_information_is_availablewithgreatereasethaneverbefore.在我們生活的這個(gè)時(shí)代，有更多的信息可以比以往任何時(shí)候都更加簡(jiǎn)單獲得。Ⅳ.完形填空IyehezkielParudanilosthiseyesightatagesixfromchickenpox(水痘).HenowteachesEnglishtoblindandvisuallyimpairedstudentsatthePajajaranSpecialSchoolinthecityofBandung.IyehezkielParudanisays__1__Englishcanhelp__2__peoplefeelbetteraboutthemselvesandfindjobs.“__3__learningEnglish,theycanbeanEnglishteacher.Theycanbeaninterpreter.Theycanbeatranslator,andalsotheycanbeatourist__4__.〞StudentsreadusingBraille(布萊葉盲文),awritingsysteminwhichlettersare__5__byaseriesofraiseddots.To__6__，studentsusespecialtools:aslate(寫字板)andstylus(觸針)．Hesaysblindpeopleshouldnotlettheir__7__limitationsaffecttheirdreams.In2008,theFordFoundationgavehimatwo-yearscholarshiptostudyattheUniversityofTexas.There,he__8__aMaster'sdegreeincurriculumdevelopment.HewantshisstudentstolearnEnglishsotheyalsocan__“IntheUSeverythingis__10__.IfIgototheuniversitytostudy,everythingisavailable—likeE-book,Braillebook.HereinIndonesia,youknow,it's__11__tofindareferencebookinE-bookorinBraille.Wehavetomakeit__12__.ButwhenIwasintheUS,allbooks,referencesI__13__areavailableinthelibrary...IcaneasilymovewhereverIwantbecauseeverythingdesignedreallyaccessibleforpeople__14__blindness.〞EhaLestariwasoneofIyehezkielParudani'sstarstudents.Sheisalmostpletelyblindfromaneyecataract(白內(nèi)障)shesuffered__15__shewasfouryearsold.ShesayslearningEnglishhas__16__herlife.“IstudyEnglish__17__IloveEnglishverymuch.Iwanttobeaninterpreter.It'soneofmy__18__，sothat'swhyIwanttolearnEnglish.IfIama(n)__19__，IcangototheothercountriesandthenIcan__20__manypeoplefromallovertheworld.〞語篇解讀：本文是記敘文。6歲失明的IyehezkielParudani現(xiàn)在是一名英語老師，他通過自己的經(jīng)受讓同學(xué)們知道盲人能夠通過學(xué)英語而找到適宜的工作，本文還談到了他對(duì)將來美妙的愿景。1．B．learningC．speaking D．hearing解析：選B依據(jù)其次段中的“l(fā)earningEnglish〞可以得出答案是learning。2． B．deafC．stupid D．blind解析：選D依據(jù)第一段中“blindandvisuallyimpairedstudents〞可以推斷應(yīng)當(dāng)是blindpeople“盲人〞。3． B．WithC．By D．At解析：選Cbydoingsth.“通過做某事〞，by表示方式、手段。4． B．bossC．guide D．reporter解析：選Ctouristguide意為“導(dǎo)游〞。5． B．writtenC．printed D．published解析：選A依據(jù)常識(shí)，布萊葉盲文中沒有字母，而是用突起的點(diǎn)來代表字母。represent“代表〞，符合語境。6． B．speakC．read D．write解析：選D依據(jù)后面的“aslate(寫字板)andstylus(觸針)〞可以得知是write“寫〞。7．A.mental B．psychologicalC．physical D．chemical解析：選C盲人看不見東西應(yīng)當(dāng)是身體方面的限制，physical“身體的〞。mental“精神的〞；psychological“心理的〞；chemical“化學(xué)的〞，不符合語境。8． B．earnedC．a(chǎn)ccepted D．a(chǎn)ttempted解析：選BearnaMaster'sdegree“獲得碩士學(xué)位〞。9． B．studyC．travel D．develop解析：選B依據(jù)上文“In2008,theFordFoundationgavehimatwo-yearscholarshiptostudyattheUniversityofTexas〞可知，IyehezkielParudani獲得了福特基金會(huì)兩年的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金到的得克薩斯高校去學(xué)習(xí)。所以可推斷出他盼望自己的同學(xué)也能到國(guó)外去學(xué)習(xí)。10．A.accessible B．a(chǎn)llergicC．inconvenient D．expensive解析：選A依據(jù)下文中available的提示，可知accessible“可接近的，可進(jìn)入的〞符合文章語境。11． B．easyC．different D．safe解析：選A這句話與上一句形成了比照。在一切都是很簡(jiǎn)單得到的，而在印度尼西亞，找到一本參考書是很難的。所以選擇difficult“困難的〞。12． B．themselvesC．ourselves D．himself解析：選C句意：我們必需自己制作參考資料。13． B．canC．need D．must解析：選C句意：但是當(dāng)我在的時(shí)候，全部的書，包括我需要的參考書都是可以在圖書館找到的。need在這里是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞“需要〞而不是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。14． B．inC．with D．for解析：選Cwith表示伴隨，意為“帶有〞。15． B．ifC．until D．once解析：選A句意：當(dāng)她4歲的時(shí)候，她由于患了白內(nèi)障而幾乎完全失明。when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。16． B．changedC．conquered D．led解析：選B依據(jù)上下文的語境，應(yīng)當(dāng)是學(xué)習(xí)英語轉(zhuǎn)變了她的生活。17． B．whileC．when D．because解析：選D學(xué)習(xí)英語和后面的寵愛英語是因果關(guān)系，所以選擇because。18． B．petitionsC．discussions D．contests解析：選A依據(jù)句子“Iwanttobeaninterpreter〞和“sothat'swhyIwanttolearnEnglish〞可知，當(dāng)一個(gè)口譯者是她的幻想。19． B．translatorC．manager D．official解析：選A依據(jù)前面句子“Iwanttobeaninterpreter〞可知選擇interpreter“口譯者〞。20． B．meetC．find D．learn解析：選B句意：假如我成為口譯者，我就能去別的國(guó)家，見到許多世界各地的人。meet“遇見〞符合語境。Ⅴ.閱讀理解ARobotsperformingtasksaccordingtoapredeterminedsetofinstructionsarenothingnew.Butrobotsabletolearnhowtocookbywatchingvideosareapletelydifferentapproach,whichisconductedbyagroupofresearchersattheUniversityIfyouhavepostedavideoofyourfavoriterecipeonthepopularwebsiteYouTube,chancesarethatitwillbeusedbyarobot.UniversityofMaryland'sprofessorYiannisAloimonos,leaderofthegroup,said“ThereexistsalargeamountofvideoinformationontheInternetthatourrobotscan“Atpresent,thevideosarefedelectronically，〞saidresearchscientistCorneliaFermuller.“Originally,wetookourownvideos,ourcameraslookingatusdoingthecooking，〞sheexplained.“And,astherobotadvances,itreactstogoodqualityvideos.Anditwillreacttoevenlowerqualityhome-madevideos.〞Sofar,therobotnamedJuliacanmakeasimplesaladbybreakingeachtaskintobasicparts,suchasgraspingaspoon,bringingittothebowl,stirringthesaladandobservingtheresults.Butwhyteacharobothowtounderstandavideowhenitcaneasilyfollowafixedprogram?Aloimonosbelievespredeterminedinstructionslackflexibility.Hethinksoneoftheproblemsishowtomaketherobotunderstandandusewhatitlearnsduringacertaintask,theso-calledfeedback(反應(yīng)意見);anotheristheintroductionoflanguage.“Ibelieveitwilltakequitesometimebeforetherobotsareabletounderstandmetaphorical(比方性的)language，〞headded.“But，〞hesaid,wedon'tneedthattocreateanewworldwheretherobotswillbeworkingforus.〞語篇解讀：機(jī)器人按既定指令完成任務(wù)并不讓人覺得新奇，但能看著視頻學(xué)做飯的機(jī)器人，你可能前所未聞。1．Theunderlinedphrase“capitalizeon〞probablycanbereplacedby“________〞．A．takeholdofB．makeuseofC．keeptrackofD．catchsightof解析：選B詞義猜測(cè)題。由其次段的第一句“IfyouhavepostedavideoofyourfavoriterecipeonthepopularwebsiteYouTube,chancesarethatitwillbeusedbyarobot〞可知，機(jī)器人能利用網(wǎng)上大量的視頻信息。結(jié)合其次段的最終一句可知，capitalizeon應(yīng)與“use〞意思相近，因此選擇B項(xiàng)。takeholdof“握住〞；makeuseof“利用〞；keeptrackof“與……保持聯(lián)系〞；catchsightof“看到〞。2．Aloimonosprobablyagreesthatatpresenttherobot________.A．cannotfullydigestwhatitlearnsB．cannotmakeasimplesaladC．canfollowhome-madevideosD．canunderstandmetaphoricallanguage解析：選A推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段Aloimonos的話可知，該機(jī)器人目前還不能理解比方性的語言。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段的最終一句可推知，Aloimonos可能認(rèn)為目前該機(jī)器人還不能完全消化它學(xué)的東西，應(yīng)選擇A項(xiàng)。3．Robotsaretaughttounderstandavideomainlybecause________.A．theycaneasilyfollowfixedprogramsB．theyaresmartenoughtolearncookingC．cookingvideosaremoreinterestingtowatchD．predeterminedinstructionsarenotflexible解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段的前兩句“Butwhyteacharobot...afixedprogram?Aloimonosbelievespredeterminedinstructionslackflexibility〞可知，教機(jī)器人理解視頻是由于預(yù)定指令不夠敏捷，應(yīng)選擇D項(xiàng)。4．Whichofthefollowingmightbestserveasthetitleofthepassage?A．RobotsCreatingaNewB．RobotsMakingCookingVideosC．RobotsLearningtoCookbyWatchingVideosD．RobotsPerformingTasksbyFollowingInstructions解析：選C標(biāo)題歸納題。文章主要介紹了通過觀看視頻學(xué)做飯的機(jī)器人，因此C項(xiàng)是最正確標(biāo)題。BRayTomlinson,theprogrammerknownforsendingtheworld'sfirstmodernemailwhoisresponsiblefortheuseofthe@symbolinelectronicmunications,hasdiedattheageof74.Tomlinsonwroteaprogramin1971thatallowedmessagestobeexchangedbetweendifferentputersontheArpaNet,theprecursor(前身)totheInternet.Electronicmessageshadpreviouslyonlybeenexchangedbetweenpeopleusingthesamemainframe(主機(jī))machine.Theprogrammersaidthefirstemailsentwasanunimportanttestmessage,probablycontainingsomethingalongthelinesof“QWERTYUIOP〞．Atthetimeofhisinvention,Tomlinsonwasresearch