2023屆廣東省名校高三下學(xué)期5月仿真模擬考試英語試題

第1頁/共1頁高三英語考試注意事項：1．答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上。2．回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AFromlife-savingmedicaltechnologiestoeverydayhouseholditems,thesefourbrilliantwomenleftanindeliblemarkonhistorywiththeirinventions.ModernironingboardbySarahBooneBeforetheinvention,clothingusedtobeironedonwoodenplanksbalancedbetweenchairs.Thoughitseemslikeasimpleinvention,Boneputalotofthoughtsintoit,whichwasevidentintheendproduct.Asidefromsolvingtheinitialproblemofunevenironing,Boonealsomadetheironingboard’slegsfoldedforstorageanddesignedacurved(弧形的)shapeforthebodytoaccommodatesleevesandcurvedareas.Alongsideherinvention,BoonealsobecameoneofthefirstAfrican-Americanwomantoreceiveapatent.SilkbyEmpressLeiZuThoughthereisnowayofconfirmingtheaccount,ancientwritings(includingConfucius’)attributethefirstinventionofsilktotheChineseEmpressLeiZu,whowasfour-teenatthetimeandhadbeenenjoyingteaintheimperialgardenswhenafatefulincidenttookplace.Acocoon(繭)fellintoherteacupandlostitscohesiveness(粘結(jié)性)uponcontactwiththehotwater.ThefactthatthecocoonwasasinglestrandofsilkhaddrawnLeiZu’sattentionandshewovethethreadintofabric,creatingsilkcloth.CallerIDandcallwaitingbyShirleyAnnJacksonDrShirleyAnnJacksonbroketheglassceilingasthefirstAfrican-AmericanwomantobeawardedadoctoratefromMIT.ShecontributedtotheinventionofcallerIDandcallwaitingduringherresearchperiodatAT&.TBellLaboratoriessowecannowseethephonenumberandnameofwhoeverisringingourphones.Spray-onskinrepairtechniquebyFionaWoodDrFionaWoodintroducedspray-onskinrepairtechniquetotheworldinthe1990s.Thetechniquechangedthewayinwhichburnvictimsusedtobetreated,asspray-onskinrepairtechniquecanbedirectlyappliedtowoundstoformanewlayerofskinthatpromoteshealingandminimisestheriskofinfection.1.WhatcanwelearnaboutSarahBoone?A.Shelearnedalotfromironing. B.Shesolvedtheproblemofwashing.C.Shecreatedapieceofusefulfurniture. D.Shewasthefirstpersontoreceiveapatent.2.WhatinspiredLeiZutofindsilk?A.Herinterestindrinkingtea. B.Acocoondroppingintohercup.C.Adesiretowritesomethingcrucial. D.Herworkingintheimperialgardens.3.Whomadeacontributiontomedicalcause?A.SarahBoone. B.LeiZu. C.ShirleyAnnJackson. D.FionaWood.BMyfatherwasthekindofguywhocouldwalkintoaroomfullofstrangersandleavewithnewbestfriendsforlife!Hewasahardworkerandwasknownas“MrFix-It”toeveryone.Hewasalsooneofthemostcheerful,affable(和葛可親的)andgentlepeopleyouwouldevermeet,whichmadeus,hisbeloveddaughtersfeelproud.ButwhenDadwasinhisfifties,myfamilybegantonoticehimstruggling.Hisworkandskillsbegantobecomeworseandworse,andhebecamedepressedandwithdrawn.ThiswasnotthemanIknew.Attheageoffifty-eight,Dadwasdiagnosedwithearly-onsetAlzheimer’sdisease.Asforourfamily,itwastheworst.OurfirststepwastoattendameetinghostedbytheAlzheimer’sAssociationtolearnmoreaboutthediseaseandprogramsthatmighthelpus.ThatmeetinginspiredmetostartaWalktoEndAlzheimer’s?team.ButIstillwantedtodomore.In2017,IbecameaboardmemberoftheAlzheimer’sAssociationDelawareValleyChapter.Thelossfromthisdiseaseisgradual.Myfather’sdeclinecontinuedforseveralyears.Losingmyfathermoreandmoreeachdaywasleavingabigholeinmyheartandmylife.Idecidedtofillthatholewithactiontohonormyfather.That’swhyIrecentlydecidedtoleaveagifttotheAlzheimer’sAssociationbynamingitasabeneficiaryofmyretirementplan.MyfuturegiftwillprovidemoneytosupportresearchbecauseIdon’twantanotherpersoninmyfamilyorsomeoneinotherfamiliestohavetosufferfromAlzheimer’sdisease.IamsoproudtobeabletohonormyfatherandotherfamilymemberswholosttheirfightstoAlzheimer’sinthisway.Mydadwasaninspirationtome,andIhope,throughmygift,IcaninspireotherstojoininthefighttoendAlzheimer’s.4.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor’sfatherbeforehavingAlzheimer’s?A.Hewasanoutgoingman. B.Hehikedwithstrangers.C.Hemadealivingbysales. D.Hewasapopularrepairerofcars.5.Whatdidtheauthorinitiallydoforherfather’sdisease?A.Sheconsultedmanyexperts. B.Sheestablishedaresearchteam.C.Shegainedmorerelevantinformation. D.ShefundedtheAlzheimer’sAssociation.6.WhatgiftdoestheauthorleavetotheAlzheimer’sAssociation?A.Researchfundsforthedisease. B.Arecordofherfather’smentalstate.C.Herresearchpapersonfamilieslikehers. D.Experts’suggestionsonherfather’sdisease.7.Whatdoestheauthorfocusoninthelastparagraph?A.Herpreciousgift. B.Herfather’sfirmconfidence.CHerfutureexpectation. D.Herfather’soriginalmotivation.CConifers(針葉樹)aregenerallybetterthanbroad-leavedtreesatpurifyingairfrompollutants.Butdeciduous(落葉的)treesmaybebetterattakinginparticle-boundpollution.AnewstudyledbytheUniversityofGothenburgshowsthatthebesttreesforairpurificationdependonthetypeofpollutantsinvolved.Treesandothergreenerincitiesprovidemanybenefitsthatareimportantforthewell-beingofresidents.Leavesandneedledontreesfilterairpollutantsandreduceexposuretopoisonoussubstanceintheair.Butwhichtreespurifytheairmosteffectively?ResearchersfromtheUniversityofGothenburghavecollectedleavesandneedlefromelevendifferenttreesgrowinginthesameplaceintheGothenburgBotanicalGarden(GBG)toanalysewhichcub-stancestheyhaveabsorbed.“Thistreecollectionprovidedauniqueopportunitytotestmanydifferentspeciesoftreeswithsimilarenvironmentalconditionsandexposuretoairpollutants,”saidJennyKlingberg,aresearcheroftheGBGAtotalof32differentpollutantswereanalysed,someofwhichareboundtoarticlesofvarioussizes.Othersaregaseous.Thisprojecthasfocusedonpaths(多環(huán)芳烴).Incities,trafficisthebiggestsourceofthesepollutants,whicharereleasedduetoincompleteburninginengines.“Ouranalysisshowthatdifferentspeciesoftreeshavedifferentabilitiestoabsorbairpollutants.Conifersgenerallyabsorbmorngaseouspathsthanbroad-leavedtrees.Anotheradvantageofconifersisthattheyalsoactasairpurifiesinwinter,whenairpollutionisusuallyatitshighest,”saidJennyKlingberg.“Thisstudycontributestoimprovingourunderstandingoftheabilityoftreestocleantheairandwhichspeciesarebestatabsorbingairpollutants,”saidJennyKlingberg.Thisknown-edgeisimportantforurbanplanningwhendesigningsustainablecities.Whiletreesandgreen-eracancontributetobetterairqualityincities,attheendoftheday,themostimportantmeasureistoreduceemissions.8.Whichisthedeterminingfactorinchoosingthemostsuitabletriestopurifyair?A.Airquality. B.Geographicallocation. C.Theheightofplants. D.Thekindofpollutants.9.WhydidtheresearcherscollectleavesandneedledfromGBG?A.Tocomparetheirshapes. B.Tocreateatreecollection.C.Tofigureoutwhattheyabsorb. D.Todisplaythemonexhibition.10.Whatmaycausemorepathstobereleased?A.Fuelvehicle’s. B.Electricengines. C.Trafficaccidents. D.Completeburning.11.Whatisthemosteffectivewaytobetterairqualityincities?A.Decreasingemissions. B.Plantingmoreconifers.C.Raisingpublicawareness. D.Designingsustainablecities.DDiplomacy(外交)isanart.Itrequiresnotonlystrategy,butalsootheraspects,includingintuition,persuasion,andeventricks,humanskillsthathavelongbeenunreachabletoeventhemostpowerfulartificialintelligence(AI)approaches.Now,anAIalgorithm(算法)fromahigh-techcompanyhasshownitcanbeatmanyhumansinagameofdiplomacy,whichrequiredbothstrategicplanningandnegotiationswithotherplayers.Thework,researcherssaid,couldpointthewaytowardvirtualexercisecoachesandconflictmediators(調(diào)解員).AIhasalreadybeatenhumansinsomegamesofstrategy.Itisalsoprovingpowerfulatnatural-languageprocessing,inwhichitcangeneratehumanliketextandcarryonconversations.Inthegameofdiplomacy,sevenplayersviedforcontrolofEurope.Oneachturn,playersissuedordersregardingthemovementofarmyandnavalunits,followingdiscussionwithotherplayers,whomtheycouldattackorsupport.TherearetwotechnicalinnovationsnotedbyJonathanGratch,acomputerscientistattheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniawhostudiesnegotiationagents.First,theAlagent’scom-municationisgroundedinmultistepplanning.Second.theAlagentkeepsitsremarksandgameplaywithintherangeofhumancommonpractice.Totestitsskill,theresearchershadtheAlagentplay40onlinegamesagainsthumans.Itplacedinthetop10%ofplayerswho’dplayedatleasttwogames.“Inagamethatinvolveslanguageandnegotiation,thatagentscanreachhumanequallevelisveryexciting,”saidYu,acomputerscientistatColumbiaUniversity.AccordingtoBrown,acomputerscientistatthecompanywhoco-authoredthepaper,theworkcouldleadtopracticalapplicationsinfieldsthatnowrequireahumantouch.Onespecificexampleisthatvirtualpersonalassistantsmighthelpconsumersnegotiateforbetterpricesonplanetickets.GratchandYubothseeopportunitiesforagentsthatpersuadepeopletomakehealthychoicesoropenupduringtherapy.12.Whoislikelytobenefitfromtheresearchwork?A.Afamouscyberathlete. B.Aprofessorofcivillaw.C.Aprofessionalaccountant. D.Avirtualfitnessinstructor.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vied”meaninparagraph2?A.Accounted. B.Apologized. C.Searched. D.Competed.14.WhydoestheauthormentionAIagent?A.TounderstandthethoughtofAI. B.ToillustratetheadvantagesofAI.C.TodescribetheimportanceofAI. D.TointroducethestrategyofAI.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Diplomacy,aPopularGame B.AILearnstheArtofDiplomacyCAlWillBecomeaPerfectDiplomat D.AnExcellentGamePlayer第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Howtoprepareforathrillinghike?Hikingneedsmentalandphysicalpreparationweeksbeforethematerialday.Ifyou’reafanofhikingmountains.Hereisaguidetohelpyou.TrainhardandtrainintimeYouneedtotrainyourbodyatleastthreemonthsbeforethechallenge.___16___Youcanstartwithbabystepsandgraduallytakemoredemandingexercisesanddistance.Youcanoftencarryyourhikingsticktopromotestability.Keeptrackofyourprogresstohelpyouachieveyourgoal.Chooseyourclothescarefully___17___.Wearlightabsorbentpantstoreducefrictionandpromoteabsorptionofsweat.Longpantskeepyousafefromstingingweeds,insectsandtoughweather.___18___Youmustconsidervariousfactorsbeforepurchasingthemostappropriatehikingshoes.First,mindtheterrain(地形)ofthehikingground.Amildterrainwilldofinewithlightshoes.Ontheotherhand.Atough,hardandmountainousterrainrequirehardyhotstohelpnavigatetherockygrounds.AdequatelypackyourbagYourbagisyourlifelinewhenhiking.Wateristhemostessentialitchwhenhiking.Thebodyperformsbestwhenyouhydratefrequentlythroughoutthechallenge.Carryadequatecleanwaterandsipoften.___19___Theseareprimarytoolstohelpyoufindyourway,waterpoints,emergencytowers,andotherplaces.Hopeforthelestbutalwaysprepareforever-agencies.Thus,ensureyouhaveaflashlight,alighterandawhistle.Hikingisarefreshingwayofkeepingfit,havingfunandbuildingresilience.___20___A.ChooseappropriatefootwearB.SearchfortherouteyouwillhehikingC.Carryacompass,amapandagaswithyouD.AdequatewatercanhelpyoubeingoodconlitionE.createaregularscheduleandbedisciplinedtofollowitF.WearappropriateclothesthatallowyourfreemovementG.Adequateplanningwillhelphaveafantasticexperienceofit第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Theworldisfullofopportunities.Ignoringthemorseizingonedependsonone’sattitude.Mikeseizedthechanceanddidwhathewantedtodo.Mikeusedtobeajanitor(看門人)atanelementaryschool.Hecollectedandclearedawaythe____21____fortheschooltoo.Thisschoolhasa____22____placeinMike’sheart.Hewenttothisschoolasayoungboyandwasateachertherefor19years.However,beforehiscareerinteaching,he____23____inthesameschoolasajanitor.Hehasalwaysbeengoodat____24____withstudents.Seeingthis,theteachers____25____himtopursueateachingcareer.Afteryearsofhardworkandfierce____26____,Mikefinishedhisdegreein2003and____27____ateachingjobattheelementaryschool.Sincethen,hehasbecomeaconstant____28____intheschool.Mikefoundteachingaveryrewardingjob.Forhim,itwasimportantthatthestudentsgrowupnotjustrememberingthe____29____butalsohowateachermadethemfeel.Mikewasexcitedtoteachthechildrenattheschoolandwas_____30_____toteachthefifthgrade.Hewasshockedwhenthedirectorsofferedhimthe_____31_____ofprincipalaweekbeforetheschoolyearstarted.“Iam_____32_____grateful.Idon’tdoanythingspecial.Ijust_____33_____andtrymybest,”saidMike.Hewasalsoveryexcitedtotakeonthechallengesofbeingthenew_____34_____oftheschool,assumenewresponsibilitiesandhelp_____35_____theschool.21.A.bag B.mouse C.refuse D.beggar22.A.special B.formal C.mobile D.confusing23.A.lived B.worked C.studied D.arrived24.A.quarrelling B.debating C.fighting D.communicating25.A.commanded B.encouraged C.constructed D.allowed26.A.determination B.appreciation C.suffering D.impression27.A.rejected B.obtained C.offered D.reformed28A.candidate B.reporter C.figure D.cyclist29.A.sufferings B.classmates C.pleasures D.lessons30.A.prepared B.guided C.pressed D.depressed31.A.role B.desire C.concern D.behavior32.A.despairingly B.truly C.nearly D.exactly33.A.letin B.getout C.setaside D.showup34.A.operator B.visitor C.leader D.performer35.A.rebuild B.search C.attain D.improve第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式.Whenwasthelasttimeyoublewtoohigh___36___aswingandlostyourstomach,orburstoutlaughingsohardthatyoustartcrying?Alotofusmaybestillrecoveringfromantisocialhabits___37___(form)inthetoughtime.Andsofar,someeventsoutofourcontrol___38___(have)abadeffectonourhealth.Lastfall,76%ofadultssurveyedbytheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationsaidstressfrompolitics.racerelationsandviolencehadaffectedtheirhealth.Theyreported___39___(experience)headaches,depression,nervousnessandexhaustion.But___40___(solution)maybehidinginplainsight.Tworecentbooksarguethatmakingroomformorefuninyourlifecouldcounteract(抵消)boththestressandthetendency___41___(escape)itbyzoningoutonline.InabookpublishedinJanuary,psychologistMiketruckermakesthecasethatpursuitoffunexperiencesmaybeevenmorevaluablethanseekingthesometimesabstractgoalofhappiness.InRucker’sopinion,happinessis___42___stateofmind.Butfunissomethingwecandofor___43___(we).Itdoesn’trequireeducation,moneyorpower.Allitrequiresisintentionality.We___44___(actual)ignoretheimportanceoffun.Wearesocasualandcarelessabout____45____weusethingsaroundustomakeusfun,butitisimportantforourhappinessandhealth.第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46.假定你是李華，你校英語角上個月舉辦了為期一個月的關(guān)于二十四節(jié)氣(24solarterms)的系列講座。請你為校英文報寫一篇短文報道此事，內(nèi)容包括：1．活動目的；2．活動的內(nèi)容；3．活動的反響。注意：1．寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2．請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。ASeriesofLecturesonthe24SolarTerms_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)(滿分25分)47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。OnChristmasEve,IcalledmymomfromthebakerywhereIworkedpart-time,tellingherthatIwasworkingwithacoupleofco-workers.Thestorewasabouttoclose.Thepersonfromalocalcharitywhowasscheduledtopickuptheleftover(剩下的)breadhadnotshownup.Iwasworriedaboutwhattodowiththefood,soIcalledmymomandshesuggestedIcallthemanagertoaskforadvice.Themanagertoldmetothrowtheleftoversintothegarbage.Theywereapproximately1,500dollars’worthoffreshbakedgoods.Itseemedcompletelywrongforallthisgoodfoodtogotowaste,soIcalledMomagainandtalkedaboutwherewecouldtakeit.Shetoldmethatanewhomelessshelterhadjustopenedinourcity,soMomcalledandaskedifthehomelessshelterneededthefreebakedgoods.Anexcitedstaffmembersaid,“Yes,please!”Momdrovetothebakery.Weloade