Unit2LessonsinLifeUsinglanguage課件高中英語外研版選擇性

新外研社高中英語選擇性必修四Unit2LessonsinLife

UsingLanguageGrammarLookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandmatchthemtothereasonswhythepassivevoiceisused.aOndiscoveringthatMorrieisbeingweakenedbyasevere

illness,…b...TuesdayswithMorrieisjustmadeupofacollectionofover-emotionalthoughtsandmessages,...cAboxoftissueswillbeneededtogetthroughthisbook!1Thesubjectisnotknown,isunimportant,or“peopleingeneral”andcanbeomitted.cAboxoftissueswillbeneededtogetthroughthisbook!2Thefocusofthesentencesisontherecipientoftheaction,notonthesubjectofthesentence.aOndiscoveringthatMorrieisbeingweakenedbyasevereillness,…3Thesubjectgoeswithlengthyexpressionsthatarebetterputattheend.b...TuesdayswithMorrieisjustmadeupofacollectionofover-emotionalthoughtsandmessages,...longsubject被動語態(tài)英語中的語態(tài)分為主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者；被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。以下幾種情況常用被動語態(tài)：1)不知道或沒有必要指出誰是動作的執(zhí)行者；2)為了強調(diào)動作的承受者；3)主語有較長的修飾語時；4)通知、公告，新聞報道和科技報道等。一、幾種常見的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成1.一般現(xiàn)在時：am/is/are+及物動詞的過去分詞

egThebooksarefoundinthebag.Acapisputinthebag.2.一般過去時：was/were+及物動詞的過去分詞

eg

Hewasnothappybecausehewaspunishedbyhisparents.3.一般將來時：will/begoingto+be+及物動詞的過去分詞

eg

Thecarswillbesentabroadbysea.Anewbridgeisgoingtobebuiltovertheriver.4.過去將來時：wouldbe+及物動詞的過去分詞

egHeknewhewouldbepunishedforit.5.現(xiàn)在進行時：am/is/are+being+及物動詞的過去分詞

egTheclothesarebeingwashed.6.過去進行時：was/were+being+及物動詞的過去分詞egTheytoldmethatthecasewasbeinginvestigated.7.現(xiàn)在完成時：have/has+been+及物動詞的過去分詞

eg

Hishomeworkhasnotbeenfinished.8.過去完成時：had+been+及物動詞的過去分詞egWhenIcamein,theticketshadbeensoldout.9.含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：情態(tài)動詞+be+及物動詞的過去分詞

eg

Yourhomeworkmustbehandedinafterclass.二、使用被動語態(tài)時應注意的問題☆被動語態(tài)除用“be+及物動詞-ed形式”構(gòu)成外，還可用

“get+及物動詞-ed形式”結(jié)構(gòu)。常見的可與get連用的過

去分詞有broken,burned,caught,drowned,drunk,fired,

hurt,wounded,lost等。如：Igotbadlyburnedbythesunyesterday.Thebooksseemtohavegotlost.3.某些與can’t,won’t等連用的不及物動詞，如move,lock,

shut,open等。如：Thestonecan’tmove.Thedoorwon’tshut.☆某些及物動詞和短語動詞不用于被動語態(tài)，如cost,lack,

fit,own,wish,belongto等。如：Thetripwillcostyou$1,000.(√)Youwillbecost$1,000bythetrip.(×)JohnSmithalwayslacksconfidence.(√)ConfidenceisalwayslackedbyJohnSmith.(×)☆含雙賓語的主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，兩個賓語均可作被

動語態(tài)中的主語。如果把主動句中的直接賓語(指物)變?yōu)楸粍泳渲械闹髡Z，則需在間接賓語(指人)前加適當?shù)慕樵~to或for。常接to的動詞有g(shù)ive,tell,lend,show,pass,hand等；常接for的動詞有buy,get等。如：SomebodygaveGinaapresentyesterday.→Ginawasgivenapresentyesterday.→ApresentwasgiventoGinayesterday.Nowlookformoresentenceswiththepassivevoiceinthereadingpassageandtalkaboutwhyitisused.Afterfinishingit,IfeelIhavebeengivenadeeperinsightintotheworldandcanseethingsfromadifferentpointofview.ReadingthisbookmademefeelasifI'dbeenwokenupfromalongsleepandfinallyopenedmyeyestotheworld!…TuesdayswithMorrieisjustmadeupofacollectionofover-emotionalthoughtsandmessages,manyofwhich

arerepeated.ThebookmademestopandthinkabouthowmuchIaminfluencedbypopularculture......,knowingthatyouarelovedandhavelovedothersasmuchasyoucould.wasbuiltwaspainted隨堂練1.John___________(elect)presidentoftheclass.2.Smoking_______________(notallow)inpublicplacesinChina.3.Oh,mygod!Ourhouse_______________(break)intolastnight.Lookatthefootprintsonthefloor.4.Theycangohomeassoonasthehomework_____________(finish).5.ThereasonwhyIhaven’tmovedintothenewflatisthatit_________________(repair).隨堂練waselectedisn’tallowedwasbrokenisfinishedisbeingrepairedRewritetheparagraphusingthepassivevoicewhereappropriate.Thesubjectisunimportantandcanbeomitted.Thesubjectis“peopleingeneral”andcanbeomitted.Thefocusofthesentencesisontherecipientoftheaction,notonthesubjectofthesentence.Thesubjectgoeswithlengthyexpressions.Sinceancienttimes,storytellinghasbeenawaytoshareandpassonwisdom.OneimportantearlyworkthatdidsowasAesop'sFables,acollectionofstoriesthatiscreditedtoAesop,aGreekstoryteller.ItisbelievedthatAesoplivedinAncientGreecebetween620BCand564BC.Mostofthecharactersinhisstoriesareanimals,thequalitiesofwhichwereusedtoreflecthumantraitsandwisdombyAesop.Eachfableteachesalifelessonthatissummarisedinashortphraseattheendofthestory,calledamoral.Today,Aesop'sFablesisstillenjoyedbychildrenandadultsallaroundtheworld.LookatthepicturesandwritethestoryfromAesop'sFables.Usethepassivevoicewhereappropriate.Alittlemousewascaughtbyalion.Themousewaslettogo.Thelionwastrappedbyanet.Thelionwassavedbythemouse.Onedayalittlemousewascaughtbyalion.Thelionwantedtoeatthemouse,butthemousesaidthathewouldhelpthelionsomeday,ifhewaslettogo.Thelionthought,“Howcanagreatanimalbehelpedbyalittleanimal?”Butthemousewasallowedtoleave.Severaldayslater,thelionwascaughtbyahunter’snet.Themousebitthenetwithhisstrongteethandhelpedthelionout.Thankstothelittlemouse,thelionwassavedandfinallyadmittedthatthestrongcouldsometimesbehelpedbytheweak.ProverbsaboutlifeMeaning:Actionsareabetterreflectionofone’scharacterbecauseit’seasytosaythings,butdifficulttoactonthemandfollowthrough.Example:Juliealwayssaysshe’lldonatetotheschool,andsheneverdoes,soIdoubtwhethershewillthisyear.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords,afterall.Whatproverbsdoyouknow?Whichoneisyourfavorite?Before-listening1.AnappleadaykeepsthedoctorawaySinceapplesarerichinvitaminC–whichisvitaltoourhealth–thisproverbmeansthatpropernutritioncontributestogoodhealthandfewervisitstothedoctor.Inthisproverb,applesareasymbolofhealthyfoodsandpropernutrition.Example:Switchfromchipstoapplesforyoursnack.Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway.2.HonestyisthebestpolicyItisbesttoalwaysbehonestandtellthetruth.Bydoingso,youwillwinthetrustandrespectofothers.Example:Ithinkyoushouldjustexplainwhathappened,ratherthantryingtocoveryourtracks.Honestyisthebestpolicy,afterall.3.Don’tjudgeabookbyitscoverDon’tformanopinionormakeajudgmentaboutsomeoneorsomethingbasedonitsoutwardappearance.Example:Heseemsabitjerktome,but,hey,youneverknow.Hemaybegood.Youshouldn’tjudgeabookbyitscover.A:ProfessorBrown,here’smytermpaper.Sorryforthedelay.B:That’sOK.___________________,right?BetterlatethanneverA:Mathsisreallykillingme!I’mthinkingofgivingitup.B:_______________.You’llnevergetyourdreamjobasamarketanalystifyoudon’tsticktoit.Nopain,nogainA:Ifyouwanttoloseweight,youneedtostopeatingjunkfood,andyouneedtostartexercising.B:OK.I’llstarttomorrow...maybe.A:Today.Nottomorrow._____________________________________________Neverputoffuntiltomorrowwhatyoucandotoday.A:I’mgladyoufinallygothere.B:Mycarhadaflattyreontheway.Anyway,____________________.all’swellthatendswellTwoheadsarebetterthanoneA:IheardthatMaryisgoingtoinvestallhermoneyinthisprogramme.B:That’snotwise.Aspeopleusuallysay,“__________________________________”.I’lltalktoherassoonaspossible.Don’tputallofyoureggsinonebasketMatchtheaboveproverbstotheirmeanings.1_________________________________:youmustfacechallengesinordertobesuccessfulNopain,nogain.2_______________________________:itiseasiertoachievesomethingifyoucooperatewithsomeoneelseTwoheadsarebetterthanone.v.合作,協(xié)作3_____________________________________:doingsomethinglateisbetterthannotdoingitatallBetterlatethannever.4_____________________________________________:youshouldstartthingsearlierratherthanlaterNeverputoffuntiltomorrowwhatyoucandotoday.5___________________________________:donotputallyoureffortsorresourcesintodoingonethingDon’tputallofyoureggsinonebasket.6_________________________________:problemsdon’tmatterifthefinalresultisgoodAll’swellthatendswell.Thinkofotherproverbsaboutlife.CanyoufindChineseproverbswithsimilarmeanings?Itisnevertoooldtolearn.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.Isufferedastrangedisease.Nodoctorscouldtellmeexactlywhatitwasandhowtheycouldcureit.Istayedinthehospitalandfelttherewasnohopeinmylife.Atthistime,myfriendJackcame.HestayedwithmethroughoutthetimeIwashelpless.A

friendinneedisafriendindeed!Thinkofothersituationstowhichtheseproverbscanbeapplied.Romewasnotbuiltinaday.Aslowsparrowshouldmakeanearlystart.Abirdisknownbyitsnote,andamanbyhistalk.Practicemakesperfect.Amatchwillsetfiretoalargebuilding.Factsspeaklouderthanwords.Inmostcountries,theaverageageforstartinguniversityis18yearsold,butactuallythereisnoupperagelimitforstartingauniversitydegree.Recently,therehasbeenanincreaseinthenumberofmaturestudentsgoingtouniversity,afterworkingforafewormanyyears.TheoldestpersontogetaCambridgeMAreceivedhislawdegreeattheageof102.InChina,amanfromJiangsuProvincegraduatedfromuniversityattheageof88,makinghimtheoldestuniversitygraduateinthecountry.Listentoaninterviewabouthowanoldladyachievedherdream.Listentotheinterviewandchoosethebestheadline.1UniversityFeesAreNoBarriertoGrandma!2DreamComesTrueforGraduatingGrandma3JanetSays:“Familyfirst!That’swhatmatters!”4HowtheStudentExperienceHasChangedwiththeCenturiesn.工作酬金;服務費

InterviewwithJanetRoseAge:_______Firstattendeduniversityin:________Reasonforleavinguniversity:___________________________________________________Reasonsforgoingbacktouniversity:______________________________________________________________________________________________________811955Shetookcareofherillmotherandhelpedherfather.Herdaughtersuggestedshegobacktoschoolfiveyearsagoandshejumpedatthechance.ThereisnothingunusualaboutthatexceptthatJanetisan81-year-oldgrandmother.Istarteduniversitybackin1955,butinmyfirstyearmymotherfellveryill...SoIwenthometoTexastotakecareofhertohelpmyfather.ButthenfiveyearsagomydaughterCandysuggestedIgobacktoschoolandIjumpedatthechance.Initialfeelingsonreturningtouniversity:______________________________________________Universitymajor:__________________________Feelingsongraduation:_________________________Advicetoothers:_______________________________Futureplans:__________________________________Shefeltabitnervousatfirstandshefeltsoold.AmericanliteratureShefeelsgreat.You’renevertoooldtolearn.Startingamaster’sdegreeinthefallIfeltabitnervousatfirst...Iwassurroundedbyallthesesmartyoungpeoplewiththeirelectronicgadgets,andIfeltsoold.SoyouhavejustgraduatedwithadegreeinAmericanLiterature.Itfeelsgreat.I’mtryingtolivemylifetothefull.Isuggestthatifyouarethinkingofgoingbacktoschool,doit....Andremember,you’renevertoooldtolearn.I’mstartingamaster’sdegreeinthefall.Interviewer:LastweekJanetRosegraduatedfromSouthOmahaUniversitywithadegreeinAmericanliterature.ThereisnothingunusualaboutthatexceptthatJanetisan81-year-oldgrandmother.YesterdaywecaughtupwithJanetandaskedhertotellusherstory.Goodmorning,Janet.Whydidyouwaitsolongtogetadegree?Janet:Haha!That’sagoodquestionandonethatnearlyeveryoneasksme.Well,

letmesee.Istarteduniversitybackin1955,butinmyfirstyearmymotherfellveryillandshecouldn’t

helpmyfatherrunthefamilybusinessanymore.SoIwenthometoTexastotakecareofherandtohelpmyfather.AfterthatIneverreallythoughtaboutgoingbacktostudy.Interviewer:Whynot?Andwhatchangedyourmind?Janet:Ithoughtitwastoolate.ButthenfiveyearsagomydaughterCandysuggestedIgobacktoschoolandIjumpedatthechance.Interviewer:Howdidyoufeelgoingbacktouniversityafteralltheseyears?toeagerlytakethechanceJanet:Ifeltabitnervousatfirst.Imean,Iwassurroundedbyallthesesmartyoungpeoplewiththeirelectronicgadgets,andIfeltsoold.ButthestudentsandteacherswerekindtomeandIsoongotusedtotheclasses.Theyevenletmejoinsomeoft