高考完形填空策略課件

高考完形填空策略

Warming-up

做完形填空題判斷的依據(jù)(快速反應）1、環(huán)境線索I’mtiredofseafood,soIdidn’teatmuch________thatday.A.vegetables B.flounder（比目魚）2、因果線索Hewasbadlyill,so

hewas________.A.present B.absent3、轉(zhuǎn)折線索Hewasbadlyill,however,hewas________.A.present B.absentWarming-up6、反義詞線索

Heusedtobelazy.Butnowheisquite________.A.hardworking B.handsomeWarming-up4、讓步線索

Hedidn’t________thetest,thoughheworkedhard.A.pass B.fail5、順序線索

Aftershewrotetheletter,she________itandthen________it.A.posted/signed B.signed/posted

命題規(guī)律Propositionrules完形填空命題規(guī)律

1.從選擇文章的角度(selectedarticlesform)

2.從所挖空格的角度(blanks)

3.從所擬選項的角度(multiplechoices)策略1.從選擇文章的角度(selectedarticlesform)體裁上，以敘為主，敘議結(jié)合。故事富有哲理，教育意義。按照一定線索行文（時間、地點或心理變化）內(nèi)部邏輯清晰，層次分明

返回2.從所挖空格的角度(blanks)

首句不設空20空，平均每14詞挖一個空格所設選擇以實詞（notionalword）為主（n.adj.adv.v.）虛詞(functionword)為輔（prep.conj）具體挖空的時候遵循“重復原則”挖去的詞通常都在保留的上下文中給出解題的線索。并且，某特定空格的解題線索多不在本空格所在的句子，或上一句或下一句，或上幾句或下幾句，所以我們在考場上應逾越空格所在的單句，結(jié)合更宏觀的上下文來解題。返回3.從所擬選項的角度(multiplechoices)

四選項同一詞性，或在句子中充當同樣的語法成分語法規(guī)則非重點，強調(diào)細微差別辨析結(jié)合語境做選擇返回應對策略(strategies)Words&phrases----固定搭配(collocation)Sentence(s)----選項辨析(analyze)

邏輯(logic)

Paragraph(s)----上下文(context)

詞義復現(xiàn)(reiteration)Skill1Collocation(固定搭配)

注意固定的搭配，包括動詞與介詞的搭配、動詞與名詞的搭配以及形容詞與名詞的搭配等，同時要根據(jù)內(nèi)容選擇正確的短語。例如：例1：Here’safellowwhojustwalkedintoabankandhelpedhimself＿＿＿＿＿somuchmoney.A.forB.byC.toD.of分析:表示“自取，隨便拿”這個意義的短語是helponeselfto…故答案為C。

例2Awomaninhersixtieslivedaloneinherlittlecottagewithapeartreeatthedoor.Shespentallhertimetakingcareofthetree.Butthechildrennearbydroveher21bymakingfunofher.Theywouldclimbhertreeandthenrunawaywithpears,22“AuntyMisery”ather.

21.A.hopelessB.painfulC.dullD.crazy22.A.callingB.shoutingC.announcingD.whisperingSkill1Collocation(固定搭配)

扎實基礎(chǔ)，搞清辨異例1.

SoonIhearda＿＿＿＿＿likethatofadoorburstinandthenaclimboffeet.A.soundB.cryC.voiceD.shout分析:選項中的四個詞都表示不同的聲音，但B，C，D項的三個詞都是指從嗓子里發(fā)出的聲音，而sound則表示各種各樣的聲音。因此答案是A。Skill2:Analyze（辨析詞義）例2.Toddwasworkingathisgasstationatnightwhenheheardovertheradiothata_1__inLongIslandhadbeen_2__byanarmedmanwhohadkilledthenightguardandgotawaywith$150000.1.AstoreBbankCstationDhouse2.AsearchedforBheldupCtakenoverDbrokeninto

Skill2:Analyze（辨析詞義）例1尋求上下邏輯，從容確定關(guān)系IthasbeenmanyyearssinceIwaslastinLondon＿＿＿＿＿Istillremembersomethingthathappenedduringthatvisit.A.andB.forC.butD.as分析:根據(jù)句前的manyyears和句后的stillremember答案應選表示轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞but.Skill3:Logic（邏輯推理）Skill3:Logic（邏輯推理）例2Somepartsofthewaterareveryshallow.Butinsomeplacesitisvery＿＿＿＿＿.

A.deepB.highC.coldD.dangerous同樣，可以根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but來判斷前后關(guān)系。要注意：but,however,unfortunately,yet例3Whenwetalked,IdiscoveredsomedifferencesinschoollifebetweentheUSandChina.Forexample,eachclasslastsfiftyminutesintheUS.Itisalittle__thanthatinChina.Weusuallyhaveforty-fiveminutesineachclass.AshorterBlongerCearlierDlater

Skill3:Logic（邏輯推理）Manyoldpeopledon’thavegood_____.AhearingBhealthCeyesightDmind

ABC(1)theycan’twatchTV,buttheycanlistentomusicornewsintheradio.(2)theycan’tlistentomusicornewsovertheradio,buttheycanreadwithglasses.(3)theycan’twalkoutside,buttheycanwatchTVorlistentomusicornewsovertheradioathome.Skill4:Context（上下文）Skill5:Reiteration(詞義復現(xiàn))

詞義復現(xiàn)就是正確選項的意義是上下文中已出現(xiàn)了的同一個單詞或者同義異形詞。例1:Thereweremanywaystopreventthisfromhappening:hangingaknifeoverthebaby’sheadwhilehesleptorcoveringhimwithsomeofhisfather’sclotheswerejusttwooftherecommended________.A.cases B.toolsC.steps D.methods根據(jù)上文提到的manyways，推斷出這里應該填ways的同義詞methods，意思是“推薦的方法”。

例2：

WhenIenteredBerkeley,Ihopedtoearnascholarship……Thelasthurdle(障礙)wasthefinal.Nomatterwhat48Igot,itwouldn’tcancelthreeC-pluses.Imightaswellkissthe49goodbye.…Iwasspeechlesswhenmycoursegradearrived:A-plus.ItwastheonlyA-plusgiven.ThenextyearIreceivedmyscholarship.I’vealwaysrememberedProfessorJayne’slesson:youalonemustsetyourownstandardofexcellence.48.A.gradeB.answerC.lessonD.comment49.A.scholarshipB.courseC.degreeD.subjectSkill5:Reiteration(詞義復現(xiàn))應對策略(strategies)Words&phrases----固定搭配(collocation)Sentence(s)----選項辨析(analyze)

邏輯(logic)

Paragraph(s)----上下文(context)

詞義復現(xiàn)(reiteration)

Let’spractice!EveryAmericaknowstheMayflower.TheMayfloweristhenameofthefamous_1_that_2_fromEnglandtothenewworldin1620.Therewere102pilgrims(移居美國的英國清教徒)onboard.Itwasadangeroustripforonesmallshiptomake,andit_3_morethan66days.Thepilgrimswerevery_4_whentheyfinallysawland.InthisNewWorld,therewerenohousesortowns.Theyhadtobuildtheirown_5_,whichbecameknownasPlymouth,Massachusetts.1.AflowerBshipCfilmDplace2.AflewBsailedCplantedDgrew3.AmadeBtookCspentDlost4.ApainfulBpowerfulCfearfulDthankful5.AshipBhouseCfieldsDcityCheckyourhomework1.partofspeech(詞性)2.prediction

Jenna,apopulargirlfromWestwoodMiddleSchool,hadgraduatedfirstinherclassandwasreadyfornew

1

inhighschool.

2

,highschoolwasdifferent.Inthefirstweek,Jennawenttotryouts(選拔賽)forcheerleaders(拉拉隊隊員).Shewascompetingagainstverytalentedgirls,andsheknewitwouldbe

3

forhertobeselected.Twohourslater,the

4

readalistofthegirlsforasecondtryout.Herheart

5

asthelistendedwithouthername.Feeling

6

，shewalkedhomecarryingherschoolbagfullofhomework.1.A.processesB.decisionsC.challengesD.exercises2.A.ThereforeB.HoweverC.OtherwiseD.Besides3.A.difficultB.easyC.boringD.interesting4.A.editorB.bossC.candidateD.judge5.A.jumpedB.sankC.stoppedD.raced

6..A.strangeB.happyC.awfulD.lonely

Arrivinghome,shestartedwithmath.Shehadalwaysbeena_7_mathstudent,butnowshewasstruggling.ShemovedontoEnglishandhistory,andwas

8

tofindthatshedidn'thaveanytroublewiththosesubjects.Feelingbetter,shedecidednottoworryabout

mathforthetimebeing.7.A.goodB.strictC.politeD.easy-going8.A.ashamedB.disappointedC.shockedD.relieved

ThenextdayJennawenttoseeMrs.Bidenaboutbeingontheschool_9_

.Mrs.Bidenwasn'tasenthusiastic

asJenna."I'msorry,butwehaveenough_10_

forthenewspaperalready.Comebacknextyearandwe'lltalkthen."Jennasmiledweakly

andleft."Whyishighschoolso_11_?"shesighed.

9.A.committeeB.newspaperC.radioD.team10.A.speakersB.readersB.cheerleadersD.writers

11.A.similarB.ordinaryC.differentD.familiar

詞義復現(xiàn)詞義復現(xiàn)Laterinmath

class,Jennadevotedherselftofiguringouttheproblems