2022北京房山高二（下）期末英語試題含答案解析

23/242022北京房山高二（下）期末英語本試卷共10頁(yè)，100分。時(shí)長(zhǎng)90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將答題卡交回，試卷自行保存。第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Oneday,12-year-oldGabrielwenthomeandtoldhisdad,Richard,thathefelta“bit

down.”Gabrielenjoyed___1___andfellinlovewiththecraftaroundageeightwhenhis

momhandedhimatoymadeofwoodbyhisgrandfather.Buthismiddleschoolclassmates

didn’tconsiderit___2___.Asafather,Richardwasupsetabouthisson’scondition.Itwashardwatchinghiskid

___3___tofitin.Wantingtohelp,Richardreachedouttopeopleonthe___4___.Hecreatedapageandpresentedanewwoodenbowlmadebyhisson,hopingnetizenscould___5___himtogoon.Totheirsurprise,thelittleboygained256,000followersinthreedaysandagreat

numberofsupporterseven___6___hishandmadebowls.Gabrieldidn’twanttobea

businessmansincehehadschoolandhomeworktomanage.Aftermuchthought,hedecidedto

usehisnewfoundfameasanopportunitytoshare___7___.“IdecidethatIcanmakeotherchildren’slivesbetterbydoingalittlebitofsomethinginmyownlife,”Gabrielsaid.Hemadeaspecialbowlwiththewords“ForchildreninAfrica”to

callonothersto___8___forthemonhiswebpageandoneluckydonorcouldgetthisspecial

bowl.Soon,14,123supporters___9___contributed￡254,053forAfricanchildren.Finally,

thebowlfounditswaytothehomeofdonorRenukaChapman.“Gabrielistalentedandcreative,butmorethananything,he’sgotabigheart,”finallycamethe____10____fromhisclassmates.1.A.handwriting B.netsurfing C.woodworking D.fundraising2.A.noisy B.cool C.strange D.fair3.A.refuse B.defend C.hate D.struggle4.A.internet B.show C.course D.street5.A.remind B.encourage C.guide D.command6.A.copied B.repaired C.ordered D.removed7.A.politeness B.comfort C.wealth D.kindness8.A.record B.draw C.donate D.change9.A.surprisingly B.hesitantly C.shyly D.thankfully10.A.suggestion B.praise C.warning D.request第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。MaXubecameamilitarydoctorin1947.She____11____(apply)tobecomea

paratrooperin1961,butherfirstapplicationfailedbecausetherewerenofemaleparatroopers

atthattime.Mawasonly1.53metrestallandweighedjust37.5kg.Butshelearnttoparachute

by____12____(train)hardinsecret.Finally,shebecameChina’sfirstfemaleparatrooper.She

completedover140parachutejumpsoveraperiodof20years.Shealsosetanationalrecordas

theoldestenlistedwomantodoaparachutejump____13____theageof51.In2018,Ma

donatedherentirelifesavingstoherhometown.Thisdonationwas____14____(support)local

educationandpublicwelfare.B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Peopleoftenwonderaboutthereasonsbehindtheurbanmigrationofanimals.Mostofus

wouldassumethaturbandevelopmentandclimatechangeareresponsibleforpushingthe

animalsoutoftheir____15____(nature)habitats.Howevertruethisis,____16____wealsoneed

toconsideristhatsomeoftheseso-called“urbananimals”havenevermovedatall—it’swe

humanswhohavemovedintotheirterritory.____17____theygo,animalsfindtownsandcities

intheirway.Withnowhereelsetomaketheirhomes,theyhavenochoicebuttomoveinwith

us.C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Today,thePalaceMuseumhasoneofthemostsignificantcollectionsoftimepiecesintheworld,____18____mainlyoriginatedfromEuropeandChina.Withobjectsrangingfromsmallpocketwatchestoclocksoveronemetreinheight,eachofthese____19____(require)itsownuniquemethodofrestoration.Giventhecomplexityoftheworkandthelackofnecessarymaterials,thismeansthateachexpertcanworkonamaximumoftwolargepiecesayear.But,throughtheirpainstaking____20____(effort),WangJinandhisstudentsdomorethanrepairtheclocks—theybringthembacktolife.第二部

閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AThissummerhasbeenachancetoappreciatenatureandeverythingitoffersup.It’saperfectopportunitytotakealookatsomeoftheworld’sunspoiledplacesthatarebeautifulbecausetheyhavebeenleftuntouchedandremembertheimportanceofkeepingtheiroriginalappearance.BhutanOfficiallyknownastheKingdomofBhutan,thislittlevisitedcountryisontheHimalayas’easternedgeandknownforitsdramaticlandscapesthatrangefromsubtropicstotoweringcliffswithwildflowingrivers,crystalbluelakes,snowcappedpeaksandglaciers,andjungles.Therearenotrafficlightsinthiscountrywhich,sofar,hasmanagedtoescapetheclawsofmasstourismandkeepitsculture.RockIslands,PalauThe445uninhabitedlimestoneislandswereformedfromvolcanicactivity.Theislandshaveahugediversityofplants,birds,andwildlife,alongsidemorethanadozensharkspecies.Theareacontainsthehighestconcentrationofmarinelakesanywhereintheworld.Theonlysignofhumanhabitationisfrom3100BC.Fiordland,NewZealandOneofthemostdramaticallyamazingregionsofNewZealand,Fiordlandcanbeseenonfoot,byair,orbywater.TheMilfordTrackisoneofthemostfamouswalks,withthe33m-longfour-dayjourneytakingtravelerspastthelakes,thetallestwaterfallinthecountry,andglacier-carvedvalleyviews.LakeMonowaiisaglassy,mirrorlikebodyofwatersurroundedbymountainsandbestexploredbyraftonaquietday.NamibDesertNamibiaAcoastaldesertinthesouthernareaofAfrica,itisknownforitsburntorange-goldensands.TheNamibhasbeendryforatleast55millionyearsandpossiblyasmanyas80million.Thenamemeans“vastspace”,anditstretchesformorethan1200milesalongAngola,NamibiaandSouthAfrica.Incredibly,thetemperaturescollidingwithcoldcurrentscreateafogbeltthatoftenenvelopsthedesert.21.Ifyourfriendisinterestedinsharks,whichofthefollowingcanberecommended?A.Bhutan. B.RockIslands,Palau.C.Fiordland,NewZealand. D.NamibDesert,Namibia.22.WhatcanwelearnabouttheNamibDesert,Namibia?A.ItislocatedattheeasternedgeofAfrica.B.Itcoversmorethan1200milesalongAngola.C.Itisfamousforitsburntorange-goldensands.D.Itwasformedfromvolcanicactivity80millionyearsago.23.Wecanprobablyreadthepassagefrom________.A.atravelguide B.asciencewebsiteC.abiologymagazine D.anenvironmentalreportBWangYaping’sdreamofbecominganastronautwasinspiredbyYangLiwei’s2003spaceflight,whichwasChina’sfirstmannedspacemission.BorninasmallvillageinYantai,ShandongProvincein1980,Wanghadbeenan

enthusiasticlong-distancerunnersinceprimaryschool,andcompetedinlocalsportsmeetings.

In1997,Wang,ahighschoolstudent,wasencouragedtoregisterforthepilotrecruitmentprogrambyherclassmatesbecauseshewasgoodatsportsanddidn’twearglasses.The

17-year-oldhadbeenconsideringapplyingtoateachingcollege,asherparentssuggested.

Givenherstrongbuildandabilitytostaycalmunderpressure,WangpassedalltestsaswellasphysicalexaminationsandbecameafemalepilotinChina.Afterfouryearsofsystemic

educationandtoughtraining,Wangeventuallylearnedtoflyfourdifferenttypesofaircraftbeforegraduation.

Duringherserviceasamilitarypilot,sheaccumulated1,567hoursofflighttimeandwas

involvedinmajortaskssuchasthe2008Wenchuanearthquakereliefeffortandthe2008SummerOlympicsinBeijing.InMay2010,WangbecameamemberofChina’sfirstbatchoffemaleastronauts.Thejoy

ofbeingselecteddidnotlastlongasthehardtrainingquicklysankin.Inthefirstyear,Wangcouldnotgetthetoplevelinthehigh-Gtraining,duringwhichshe

hadtoendureeighttimestheforceofgravityinaspinningcentrifuge.Thetrainingimitatesthe

environmentwhenthespacecrafttakesoff,entersorbitandreturns.Wangimprovedher

performancebydoingextracore-strengthexerciseseverydaytostrengthenherbackand

abdominalmuscles.Shegotthetoplevelattheendof2011.Wangrealizedherspacedreamin

2013aspartoftheShenzhou-10mission.Overthepasttwoyears,Wanghasloggedinover6,000hoursofstricttraining.Themost

tiringexercisewastheseven-hourunderwatertrainingsessionduringwhichshehadtowearaspecialsuitthatweighedover100kilogramstosimulateextravehicularactivitiesina

weightlessenvironment.WanghasbecomethefirstfemaletaikonauttoworkinChina’sTiangongspacestationas

wellasthefirstChinesewomantoperformaspacewalk.24.WhydidWangwanttobecomeanastronaut?A.Becauseshewasabletostaycalmunderpressure.B.Becauseshewasgoodatsportsanddidn’twearglasses.C.BecauseshewasinfluencedbyChina’sfirstmannedspaceflight.D.Becauseshewasadvisedtoregisterforthepilotprogrambyherparents.25.Fromthispassage,wecanknowthat________.A.Wangwonalong-distancerunnerchampionshipB.WangwasthefirstChinesefemaletotakeaspacewalkC.WangwenttoateachingcollegeencouragedbyherclassmatesD.Wangthoughttheseven-hourunderwatertrainingsessionwaseasy26.WhatdidWangdoaftershejoinedChina’sfirstbatchoffemaleastronauts?A.Shelearnedtoflyfourdifferenttypesofaircraft.B.SheparticipatedintheShenzhou-10missionofChina.C.Shereceivedfouryearsofsystemiceducationinuniversity.D.Shegotinvolvedinthe2008Wenchuanearthquakereliefeffort.27.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeWang?A.Calmandfriendly. B.Warm-heartedandcreative.C.Modestandhonest. D.Hardworkinganddetermined.CHaveyouheardofYangshiLei?Forsome200years,theLeifamilyprovidedtheirdesignandarchitecturaltalenttotheQingDynastyasimperialbuilders.Spanningsevengenerations,theirskillsalongwithexcellentcraftsmanshipensuredthattheyrosetogreatfameandinfluenceinChina.Intheirlaterwork,theyincorporateddetailsofthesouthernarchitecturalstyleandgardendesignideasintheirdesigns.OneoftheplacesshowingthisistheSummerPalace.SituatedinHaidianDistrict,northwestofBeijing,itshowsthebeautyandthegrandeurofroyalgardens.InDecember1998,UNESCOincludedtheSummerPalaceonitsWorldHeritageListanddescribeditas“amasterpieceofChineselandscapegardendesign.”Withover3,000man-madestructures,whichincludebridges,pavilions,andcorridors,eventhelakeareaaloneisashowcaseofmanyoftheLeifamily’sexcellentdesigns.KunmingLakeisdesignedtorepresentthetraditionalChinesegardeningpracticeof“onepond,threehills.”TherearethreesmallislandswithinKunmingLake:NanhuIsland,ZaojiantangIsland,andZhijinggeIsland.ManyfeaturesofKunmingLakeareinspiredbythesceneryfromtheregionsouthoftheYangtzeRiver.Inparticular,theWestDikeisarecreationofthefamousSudiDikeonWestLakeinHangzhou.Thecauseway,whichcanbewalkedacross,cutsdiagonallythroughthesouthernpartofthelake.LiketheSudiDike,theWestDikeisconnectedbysixbridges,eachwithitsowndistinctivestyle.ThelargestbridgeonKunmingLake,however,isthe17-ArchBridge.ItcombinesfeaturesofthePreciousBeltBridgeinSuzhouandtheLugouBridgeinBeijing.Theentirebridgeis150meterslongandeightmeterswide.Ifyoucan’tgofurtherthanBeijing,thendon’tmisstheNationalLibraryofChina.ThisiswheremostoftheLeifamily’sarchitecturaldesigndraftsarekept.Theseincludeprojectivedrawings,frontandsideelevations,revolvingdrawings,andevensomearchitecturalmodelswhichlookremarkablylikedigitalmodelsmadetoday.ThisshowstheadvanceddrawingtechnologyandskilloftheLeiarchitects.Theirarchitecturalabilitywaswayaheadoftheirtime.LiketheSummerPalace,manyothersoftheLeifamily’sstructureshavebeendeclaredUNESCOWorldHeritageSites.Also,in2007,theirarchitecturaldrawingsandmodelswereincludedinUNESCO’sMemoryoftheWorldRegister.TheLeifamily’ssignificantinfluenceonChineseimperialarchitectureensuresthattheirworkisstillrememberedandappreciated.28.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.TherearethreesmallpondswithinKunmingLake.B.TheSummerPalacewasputontheWorldHeritageListin1998.C.WestLakeisdescribedasamasterpieceofChineselandscapegardendesign.D.The17-ArchBridgeonKunmingLakeisacopyofthePreciousBeltBridgeinSuzhou.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“incorporated”inParagraphImean?A.Contained. B.Ignored. C.Compared. D.Described.30.TheauthorsuggestsvisitingtheNationalLibraryofChinato________.A.seethedrawingsoffamouspaintersB.knowaboutthenewdigitalproductsC.learnthehistoryoftheQingDynastyD.seethedesigndraftsoftheLeiFamily31.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tocomparethearchitecturalstylebetweenthenorthandthesouth.B.TopresentthewonderfuldesignandbeautifulsceneryofKunmingLake.C.TostresstheLeifamily’sgreatinfluenceonChineseimperialarchitecture.D.TocallonpeopletoprotectthesceneryandarchitectureoftheSummerPalace.DTechnologyishavinganimpactoneverysport,fromindividualsportssuchasswimming

toteamsportsasdiverseassoccerandsailing.Thosewithaccesstothebesttechnologiesare

playingfasterandsmarter.Themaintechnologicalchangeinrecentyearshasbeenthroughdatacollectionand

analysis.Dataiscollectedbyunderwatercameras,tidalsensors(傳感器),sensorswornby

athletes,videoanalysis,andinmanyotherways.Thedataisthenfedthroughcomputer

softwareandanalyzedbyteammanagers,sportsscientists,coaches,andplayers.Itisnotonlyaboutimprovingperformance,butalsoreducinginjuryandillness.Beloware

justafewexamples.Incycling,bikesensorsmeasurespeed,power,andpedalturns,whicharethensenttothe

cyclist’sglasses.Cyclistscanseeimportantinformationwithouthavingtolookawayfromthe

track.Iftheyneedtohitaspecifictimeintheirtraining,theycanseehowtheyaredoingand

speedupifrequired.ABritishcompany,whichusuallyservicestheaerospaceanddefenceindustries,has

workedtoenableBritishwheelchairathletestoachievea20percentincreaseintheabilityto

gainspeed.Notonlyaretheyfaster,butthepositionalchangesalsoreduceinjurytoplayers’shouldersandelbows.Forotherdisabledathletes,3D-printedprostheticlimbs(四肢)aremore

lightweight,deliveringimprovedpoweroutput.Morerecordsarefallinginswimmingthanthoseinanyothersports,andtechnologyis

playingahugeroleinthis.AttheUniversityofSheffieldinEngland,navalresearchmethods

arebeingusedinapooltoproduce3Dcomputersimulationsofswimmers.Smallchangesin

swimmers’positioningoftheirlimbs,hands,orhowfartheirheadcomesoutofthewatercan

causealargeimpactonspeed.Thesearethenanalyzedtodevelopbetterswimmingstylesfor

swimmers.Inboxing,softwareisavailabletosometeamswhichprovidesdetailedanalysisoftheir

competitors’fightstyles,andthustheirthreatsandopportunitieswhenfacingaparticularboxer.

Thishelpsthemworkontheirstrategies.Somepeoplearguethatsomeofthesetechnologicaladvancesgotoofar.Theybelievethat

theyareaformofcheatingbecausetheygiveathletesanincreasedadvantagethatisbetterthan

theirnaturalability.Itisyetuptothegoverningbodiesofdifferentsportstodecidehowfar

eachtechnologycango.32.Whatcanwelearnabouttechnologyinsports?A.Thedataiscollectedbysportsscientists.B.Technologieshavenoimpactonteamsports.C.Thedataisanalyzedbypeoplerelevanttosports.D.Softwareprovidesanalysisofboxers’ownfightstyles.33.WhatdoesParagraph5mainlytalkabout?A.Cyclistscanseeimportantinformationthroughtechnology.B.3D-printedprostheticlimbsarewidelyusedamongdisabledathletes.C.TheBritishcompanyservicestheaerospaceindustrieswithtechnology.D.Disabledathletescanperformbetterandbelessinjuredbyusingtechnology.34.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheimpactoftechnologicaladvancesonsports?A.Objective. B.Favorable. C.Opposed. D.Indifferent.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Inthewild,italldependsonyouwithyoursurvivalknowledgeandequipmenttolife.____35____Youmustbefamiliarwiththeuseofequipment.Theweightoftheequipmentshouldbenomorethan20kg.Herearesomenecessitiesthatareadvisedtotake.You’dbettertakeacompass.Itisnotheavy.Itisentitledtoaplaceinyourequipment.Theuseofthecompassisthemosteffective.SomepeoplemaysayGPSisverypopularnow.____36____Incold,hot,wetandotherbadconditions,suchasabout10degreesbelowzerointhenortheast,GPSuses30%moreelectricitythanroomtemperature.Besidesthat,Iwilltalkabouttheroleoffire.Fireplaysanimportantrolenotonlyincookingfood,butalsoinhelpingusresistthecold.____37____Theordinaryplasticlighterssoldonthestreetareactuallygood,lightweightandeasytouse.____38____Atleastitisabout1.5meterslongand30-50cmwide.Puttingascarfaroundyourneckcanpreventsunburnbysunshine,canmakeitasimplesunhat,marchinginbrightlightordesert.Youcanalsomakenetsandcatchfishandshrimp,birdsandinsectsinthewild.Nomatterhowhigh-endyouroutdoorclothingisyoustillneedtotakearaincoat.Choosingasuitableraincoatisveryimportant.Theseparationkindofraincoatismoreconvenient.Theraincoatdoesn’tjustprotectyoufromtherain.____39____Ifthesurvivalofthewildiscomparedtoabuilding,thenthestrongwillisthefoundation,thesurvivalknowledgeisthewall,thepropertrainingistheroof,theequipmentisjusttomakeyouliveinmorecomfortabledecoration.A.First,onebetteroptionistotakeGPS.B.Thesurvivalscarfinthewildisouressentialsurvivaltool.C.Goodequipmentcanletyouhaveamorecomfortableexperience.D.Bicycleraincoatcancoveryourbagbutyoucan’tstretchoutyourhand.E.However,themorecomplexthingsare,themorelikelytheyaretogowrong.F.Inordertoletyouenjoybettertreatmentinthewild,youhavetotakealighter.G.Itcanalsobeusedastentsandwaterproofmatstokeepyouwarmandgetwaterforyou.第三部分書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。Someoftheworld’smostimportantscientiststhinktheideaofpeoplelivingonMarswillcometrueoneday.StephenHawkingbelievedhumansmustmoveintospacetosurvive.“Oncewespreadoutintospaceandestablishindependentcolonies,ourfutureshouldbesafe.”hesaid.RobertZubrin,arocketscientist,agreesandthinksstartingwithMarsmakesthemostsense.HethinkssendingpeopletoMarswillallowustolearnalot—forexample,abouttheabilityofhumanstoliveinaverydifferentenvironment.However,scientistswillneedtoterraformMarsforpeopletobeabletolive.TerraformingmeanschangingtheenvironmentonaplanetsothatitissimilartoEarth’s.OneofthemaingoalsofterraformingMarsistowarmitupbecausetheaveragetemperaturethereisabout-60℃.OneideaforwarmingMarsistobuildfactoriestherethatproducegreenhousegases.Thiscouldtakemanycenturies.However,itshouldleadtorainfallandthegrowthofplants,resultinginmoreairthatpeoplecanbreathe.AnotherbigconcernforscientistsiswhetherhumanscanmovetoMarsandstillstayhealthyinmindandbody.Asatest,sixpeoplelivedinaMars-likeenvironmentinHawaiiforayearbefore“returningtoEarth”recently.Itwasa1,200-square-footroomthatwasonthesideofavolcanoandusedthesunforenergy.ChristianeHeinicke,oneofthepeoplewholivedthere,saidthatoneofthebiggestissueswasfeelingbored.SohumansonMarswouldalwaysneedtokeepthemselvesbusywithvariousactivities.OneparticularorganisationbasedinEuropeisplanningtosendthefirsthumanstoMarsbefore2030.TheorganisationbelievesthatitsprojectisgivingpeopleworldwidethechancetobepartofthefirsthumancrewevertoliveonMarsforgood.However,manyexpertsthinktheproject’scostofUSS6billionistoolowforittobesuccessful.TheAmericanspaceagencyNASAbelievesthatsendingpeopletoMarswouldcostaboutUSS100billion,althoughthisestimateisbasedonbringingthembacktoEarth,too.Regardless,itseemsthathumanslivingonMarsmaywellhappenalotsoonerthanmostpeoplebelieve.40.WhatcanwelearnifwesendhumanstoMarsaccordingtoRobertZubrin?41.Whatdoes“terraforming”mean?42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Accordingtothetest,inordertostayhealthyinmindandbodyonMars,itisnecessaryforhumansonMarstostayawayfromvariousactivities.43.WhatshouldwedonowbeforehumanscanliveonMars?(Inabout40words)第二節(jié)（20分）44.假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高二學(xué)生李華。你得知你所在城市的國(guó)際交流中心將舉辦“美麗中國(guó)”攝影大賽。請(qǐng)你用英文給你校交換生Jim寫一封電子郵件，邀請(qǐng)他參加，內(nèi)容包括：1.攝影作品的內(nèi)容；2.提交時(shí)間和方式；3.表示愿意提供幫助注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

參考答案本試卷共10頁(yè)，100分。時(shí)長(zhǎng)90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將答題卡交回，試卷自行保存。第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Oneday,12-year-oldGabrielwenthomeandtoldhisdad,Richard,thathefelta“bit

down.”Gabrielenjoyed___1___andfellinlovewiththecraftaroundageeightwhenhis

momhandedhimatoymadeofwoodbyhisgrandfather.Buthismiddleschoolclassmates

didn’tconsiderit___2___.Asafather,Richardwasupsetabouthisson’scondition.Itwashardwatchinghiskid

___3___tofitin.Wantingtohelp,Richardreachedouttopeopleonthe___4___.Hecreatedapageandpresentedanewwoodenbowlmadebyhisson,hopingnetizenscould___5___himtogoon.Totheirsurprise,thelittleboygained256,000followersinthreedaysandagreat

numberofsupporterseven___6___hishandmadebowls.Gabrieldidn’twanttobea

businessmansincehehadschoolandhomeworktomanage.Aftermuchthought,hedecidedto

usehisnewfoundfameasanopportunitytoshare___7___.“IdecidethatIcanmakeotherchildren’slivesbetterbydoingalittlebitofsomethinginmyownlife,”Gabrielsaid.Hemadeaspecialbowlwiththewords“ForchildreninAfrica”to

callonothersto___8___forthemonhiswebpageandoneluckydonorcouldgetthisspecial

bowl.Soon,14,123supporters___9___contributed￡254,053forAfricanchildren.Finally,

thebowlfounditswaytothehomeofdonorRenukaChapman.“Gabrielistalentedandcreative,butmorethananything,he’sgotabigheart,”finallycamethe____10____fromhisclassmates.1.A.handwriting B.netsurfing C.woodworking D.fundraising2.A.noisy B.cool C.strange D.fair3.A.refuse B.defend C.hate D.struggle4.A.internet B.show C.course D.street5.A.remind B.encourage C.guide D.command6.A.copied B.repaired C.ordered D.removed7.A.politeness B.comfort C.wealth D.kindness8.A.record B.draw C.donate D.change9.A.surprisingly B.hesitantly C.shyly D.thankfully10.A.suggestion B.praise C.warning D.request【答案】1.C2.B3.D4.A5.B6.C7.D8.C9.A10.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。講述了12歲的Gabriel喜歡做木工，他在網(wǎng)上通過自己的影響力為非洲兒童捐款的事情?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Gabriel喜歡做木工活，8歲左右，他的媽媽給了他一個(gè)祖父用木頭做的玩具，他就愛上了木工活。A.handwriting書法；B.netsurfing網(wǎng)上沖浪；C.woodworking木工；D.fundraising募捐。根據(jù)后文“whenhismomhandedhimatoymadeofwoodbyhisgrandfather”可知是喜歡上了木工活。故選C?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是他的中學(xué)同學(xué)們并不認(rèn)為這很酷。A.noisy嘈雜的；B.cool酷的；C.strange奇怪的；D.fair公平的。根據(jù)后文“Asafather,Richardwasupsetabouthisson’scondition.(作為一名父親，理查德對(duì)兒子的情況感到不安)”可知，Gabriel喜歡木工，但是他的同學(xué)并不認(rèn)為這很酷，Gabriel難以融入。故選B?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：看著他的孩子掙扎著難以融入（其他同學(xué)），他很難過。A.refuse拒絕；B.defend防御；C.hate討厭；D.struggle掙扎。結(jié)合上文可知Gabriel并不喜歡做木工的Gabriel，即要融入同學(xué)很掙扎，故選D。【4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為了幫助他，Richard在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上向人們求助。A.internet互聯(lián)網(wǎng)；B.show展覽；C.course課程；D.street街道。根據(jù)后文“Hecreatedapage”可知，他在網(wǎng)上求助。故選A?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)頁(yè)面，并展示了兒子制作一個(gè)新木碗，希望網(wǎng)友們能鼓勵(lì)他繼續(xù)下去。A.remind提醒；B.encourage鼓勵(lì)；C.guide指導(dǎo)；D.command命令。根據(jù)后文“himtogoon”指鼓勵(lì)兒子繼續(xù)做木工。故選B?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：令他們驚訝的是，這個(gè)小男孩在三天內(nèi)獲得了25.6萬名粉絲，很多支持者甚至訂購(gòu)了他的手工碗。A.copied復(fù)制；B.repaired修理；C.ordered訂購(gòu)；D.removed去除。根據(jù)后文“Gabrieldidn’twanttobeabusinessman”可知有人想要訂購(gòu)他的木碗，故選C?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過深思熟慮，他決定用自己新獲得的名聲作為一個(gè)分享善意的機(jī)會(huì)。A.politeness禮貌；B.comfort安慰；C.wealth財(cái)富；D.kindness善良。根據(jù)后文“IdecidethatIcanmakeotherchildren’slivesbetterbydoingalittlebitofsomethinginmyownlife(我決定通過在我自己的生活中做一點(diǎn)事情，讓其他孩子的生活更好)”可知，他想要分享善意。故選D。【8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他做了一個(gè)特別的碗，上面寫著“為非洲的孩子們”，在他的網(wǎng)頁(yè)上呼吁其他人為他們捐款，一個(gè)幸運(yùn)的捐贈(zèng)者可以得到這個(gè)特別的碗。A.record記錄；B.draw畫；C.donate捐贈(zèng)；D.change改變。根據(jù)后文“oneluckydonor”可知是呼吁其他人捐款。故選C。【9題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：很快，14123名支持者為非洲兒童捐出了驚人的254053英鎊。A.surprisingly驚人地；B.hesitantly猶豫地；C.shyly害羞地；D.thankfully感謝地。根據(jù)后文“￡254,053forAfricanchildren”可知捐款達(dá)到了驚人的254053英鎊。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“Gabriel有才華，有創(chuàng)造力，但最重要的是，他有一顆寬廣的胸襟，”他的同學(xué)們終于表?yè)P(yáng)了他。A.suggestion建議；B.praise贊美；C.warning警告；D.request要求。根據(jù)上文“Gabrielistalentedandcreative,butmorethananything,he’sgotabigheart”可知，同學(xué)在表?yè)P(yáng)Gabriel。故選B。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。MaXubecameamilitarydoctorin1947.She____11____(apply)tobecomea

paratrooperin1961,butherfirstapplicationfailedbecausetherewerenofemaleparatroopers

atthattime.Mawasonly1.53metrestallandweighedjust37.5kg.Butshelearnttoparachute

by____12____(train)hardinsecret.Finally,shebecameChina’sfirstfemaleparatrooper.She

completedover140parachutejumpsoveraperiodof20years.Shealsosetanationalrecordas

theoldestenlistedwomantodoaparachutejump____13____theageof51.In2018,Ma

donatedherentirelifesavingstoherhometown.Thisdonationwas____14____(support)local

educationandpublicwelfare.【答案】11.applied12.training13.at14.tosupport【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章簡(jiǎn)要講述了中國(guó)第一位女傘兵——馬旭的生平故事?！?1題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：她在1961年申請(qǐng)成為一名傘兵，但是她的第一次申請(qǐng)失敗了，因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)沒有女傘兵。apply申請(qǐng)，動(dòng)詞；根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語in1961可知，空處謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用一般過去時(shí)。故填applied?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：但她通過秘密刻苦訓(xùn)練學(xué)會(huì)了跳傘。介詞by后需接動(dòng)名詞作賓語。故填training?！?3題詳解】考查介詞。句意：她以51歲的年齡創(chuàng)下了跳傘年齡最大的女兵紀(jì)錄。在具體的多少歲的時(shí)候，應(yīng)使用介詞at。故填at。【14題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：這筆捐款用于支持當(dāng)?shù)氐慕逃凸媸聵I(yè)。結(jié)合句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處需用動(dòng)詞不定式作表語，表示