2022-2023學(xué)年江西省宜春市高安市重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高一（下）期中英語試卷（含解析）

第=page11頁，共=sectionpages11頁2022-2023學(xué)年江西省宜春市高安市重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高一（下）期中英語試卷一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）A

HarvardStudentOrganizationCenteratHills（SOCH）

DigitalMediaAcademy（DMA）summercampsatHarvardSOCHfocusonagreatchanceforstudentsaged6to17tospendtimeatoneofthebestuniversitiesinthecountry.Kidsandteenscanlearntobuildanapp，programarobot，orexploretheworldofmusicproductioninbeautifulclassroomssurroundedbytheHarvardUniversitygrounds.Especially，westressourSTEMcoursesthatwillalsohelpstudentslearnteamwork，createandsolveproblems.

Nomatterwhattheprogramis，studentswilllearnfromourhighlyrespectedDMAinstructorswhohavebeenemployedforboththeirteachingexperienceandrichknowledgeintheirfield.Besidesmakingnewfriends，theywillleavewithanamazingfinalprojectandlastingmemories.

DailySchedule8：00a.m.Check-in※12：00p.m.LunchBreak9：00a.m.Hands-onSTEMInstruction※1：00p.m.BacktotheClassroom10：30a.m.MorningBreak※2：30p.m.AfternoonBreak11：00a.m.ContinuedInstruction+Creation※3：00p.m.ContinuedClassroomTime※5：00p.m.Pick-upLunchPlan

Getlunchoncampussoyoudon'thavetopackyourown.LunchPlansstartat＄85/week.

FridayOpenHouse

EveryFridayat3：00p.m.，parentsareinvitedtoourOpenHouse.Weopenupourclassroomssostudentscanshowofftheprojectstheyhavebeenworkingonallweek.Parentscanmeettheirchildren'sinstructorandexploremorechancesforthemtocontinuelearningandcreating.OpenHouseistypicallyfinishedby4：00p.m.1.DMAsummercampsfocusonstudents'______.A.universitylifeexperiences

B.physicalandmentalhealth

C.STEMknowledgedevelopment

D.explorationofHarvard'shistory2.WhichwordcanbestdescribeDMAinstructors？______A.Creative. B.Experienced. C.Hard-working. D.Warm-hearted.3.WhatdoweknowaboutFridayOpenHouse？______A.Itisopentostudents'parents.

B.Itoffersstudentsfreelunch.

C.ItisopenforthreehourseveryFriday.

D.Itasksparentstopickupstudentsat5：00p.m.BWhenArielCordova-RojasrodeherbiketoJamaiciaBayWildlifeRefugeinQueens，NewYork，lastNovember，sheplannedtogohikingandbird-watching.Bingo!

Amileintoherwalk，shespottedabeautifulfemalemuteswan（疣鼻天鵝）nearthewater'sedge.Cordova-Rojas，30，whohadworkedattheWildBirdFundrecoverycenterinManhattan，knewthatmuteswanscanbebattlesome.Butassheapproachedthisone，itdidn'tmove.Shewascertainthatthebirdneededmedicalattention.Cordova-Rojasplacedherjacketoverthebird'sheadtokeepitcalm，carefullypickeditup，andhelditinherarms.Andthenathoughtstruckher：WhatdoIdonow？

Herbestbetwastherecoverycenter，butthatwasacrosstheEastRiverandclearontheothersideoftown.Howwasshegoingtotransporta17-poundswanonherbikeallthatway？Luckily，somestrangersdrivingbyofferedher，herbike，andtheswanalifttoanearbysubwaystation.Sheworriedothersmightbedisturbed.However，onthesubway，nooneseemedparticularlyfazedbythefeatheredpassenger.Oneguy，saysCordova-Rojas，was"sittingrightinfrontofmeonhisphone.Idon'tknowifhenoticedtherewasaswaninfrontofhim".

Cordova-Rojascalledtherecoverycenter，andTristanHiggin-botham，ananimal-caremanager，pickedherupatthesubwaystationanddrovebird，bike，andtherescuertothefacility.There，staffmembersdeterminedthattheswanmighthaveleadpoisoning.

Thestaffgottheswanbackuponherfeet.Sheevenmadeaboyfriendatthecenter—anotherinjuredswan.Sadly，evenwithallthattenderlovingcare，theswanfellillwithabacterialinfection.TwomonthsafterCordova-Roiascametoherrescue，shepassedaway.

It'sadisappointingending，buttherealstoryisjusthowfarsomepeoplearewillingtogotosaveaswaninthebigcity-literally.Inall，Cordova-Rojastraveledtwohoursbyfoot，car，andsubway（withherbike）."That'stheperfectsummaryofwhosheis，"saysHigginbotham.4.HowdidCordova-Rojasknowtheswanwasintrouble？______A.Shenoticedascarontheswan.

B.Shefoundtheswantrappedinwater.

C.Theswanwasbehavinginanabnormalway.

D.Theswanattackedherwhenshecamenearit.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"fazed"inparagraph3mean？______A.Ontopoftheworld. B.Inthewrong.

C.Ontherocks. D.Ataloss.6.Howwastheswan'slifeattherecoverycenter？______A.Theswansufferedalotofpainthere.

B.Theswanenjoyeditsstayingthere.

C.Theswan'slifetherewastotallydisappointing.

D.Manypeoplecametovisittheswan，7.WhatsortofpersonwasCordova-Rojas？______A.Curiousandgenerous. B.Caringandthoughtful.

C.Energeticandindependent. D.Sensibleandstraight-forward.CSomebeesseemtobeabletochoosewhethertobecomeaworkeroraqueen—butthousandsofcompetitorsforthethrone（王位）arekilledineachhive（蜂巢）.

Aboutone-fifthofallMeliponabeecheiibeelarvae（幼蟲）starttodevelopasqueens，butthecolonyacceptsonlyone.Therestareattackedbystrong-jawedworkers.

Biologistssuspectedthatcoloniesofthisspeciesoverproducequeensasanevolutionarystrategytotakeoverotherhives.Butitnowseemsthatitissimplyaresultofthe"selfishness"ofindividuallarvae，tothedetrimentofthewholecolony，saysCaliariOliveiraatKULeuveninBelgium.

Unlikemostbeecolonieswhereworkersselectonelarvatobecometheonlyqueenbyfeedingitaspecialdiet，theM.beecheiicolonyisspendingalotofresourcestoproducenewindividuals，andthenalltheydoafterwardsiswastethoseresourcesandkillthequeens."Thisisaverygoodexampleofthetragedyofthecommons，whenachaseforpersonalgainharmssociety，"saysCaliariOliveira.

Inthepast，researcherssuggestedthatM.beecheiiworkerswerefeedingachemicalcalledgeraniol（香葉醇）tothefuturequeens.Oliveiraandhiscolleagueswonderedifthebeeschosesomanyqueensinordertospreadthecolony'sDNAintootherhives.

Toinvestigatefurther，theytookgeneticsamplesofqueensandworkersfrom25free-rangingM.beecheiicolonies.Inthelab，theyalsogavehigherdosesofgeranioltomorethan600larvae.Totheirsurprise，theydiscoveredthatextrageranioldidn'taffectlarvaldevelopment，soworkersweren'tcontrollingqueenproductionafterall.GeneticanalysisrevealedthattheDNAofeachhiveremained100percentconsistent.

Thenewstudy"settlesabitofacontroversy"aboutMeliponabees，saysChristophGrueterattheUniversityofBristol，UK.Butitdoesn'tofferanewexplanationforhowthelarvae"decide"tobecomequeens."Forme，thisisstilloneofthebiggestpuzzlesinbiology."8.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"tothedetrimentof"meaninParagraph3？______A.Takingchargeof. B.Fallingvictimto.

C.Providingsupportfor. D.Causingdamageto.9.Whydidtheresearchersfeedextrageranioltothelarvae？______A.Totesttheirassumption. B.Tosimplifytheirresearch.

C.Toapplynewtechniques. D.Toconfirmpreviousfindings.10.WhatdoesChristophGrueterthinkofthenewstudy？______A.Itisfruitless. B.Itisinnovative.

C.Itisinsufficient. D.Itissatisfactory.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext？______A.Somebeecoloniesadopteffectiveevolutionarystrategies.

B.Somebeecolonieshavetokillthousandsofwannabequeens.

C.Somebeespeciesoverproducequeenstoconquerotherhives.

D.Somebeespeciesrelyonachemicaltospreadthecolony'sDNA.DSomepeoplelearnasecondlanguageeasily.Otherpeoplehavetroublelearninganewlanguage.Howcanyouhelpyourselflearnanewlanguage，suchasEnglish？ThereareseveralwaystomakelearningEnglishalittleeasierandmoreinteresting.

ThefirststepistofeelconfidentaboutlearningEnglish.Ifyoubelievethatyoucanlearn，youwilllearn.Bepatient.Youdonothavetounderstandeverythingallatonce.Itisnaturaltomakemistakeswhenyoulearnsomethingnew.Wecanlearnfromourmistakes.

ThesecondstepistopracticeyourEnglish.Forexample，writeajournaleveryday.YouwillgetusedtowritinginEnglish，andyouwillfeelcomfortableexpressingyourideasinEnglish.Afterseveralweeks，youwillseethatyourwritingisimproving.Besides，youmustspeakEnglisheveryday.Youcanpracticewithyourclassmatesoutsideclass.Youwillallmakemistakes，butgraduallyyouwillbecomecomfortablecommunicatinginEnglish.

Thethirdstepistokeeparecordofyourlanguagelearning.Youcanwritethisinyourdiary.Aftereachclass，thinkaboutwhatyoudid.Didyouansweraquestioncorrectly？Didyouunderstandsomethingtheteacherexplained？Perhapsthelessonwasdifficult，butyoutriedtounderstandit.Writetheseachievementsinyourjournal.

YoumustbepositiveaboutlearningEnglishandbelievethatyoucandoit.Itisimportanttopracticeeverydayandmakearecordofyourachievements.YouwillenjoylearningEnglish，andyouwillhavemoreconfidenceinyourself.12.WhatisimportanttolearnEnglish？______A.Tobuyadictionary.

B.ToreadEnglisheveryday.

C.Tomakearecordofyourmistakes.

D.TopracticeEnglisheverydayandmakearecordofyourachievements.13.WhichofthefollowingisunnecessaryforustolearnEnglish？______A.Beingpatient.

B.Makingmistakes.

C.ExpressingyourideasinEnglish.

D.Understandingeverythingallatonce.14.HowmanywaystolearnEnglishdoesthetextgive？______A.2. B.3. C.4. D.5.15.Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus？______A.Itisveryimportanttolearnasecondlanguage.

B.Therearewaystohelpyoulearnasecondlanguagemoreeasily.

C.Somepeoplelearnasecondlanguageeasilywhileotherpeopledonot.

D.Don'tworryaboutmakingmistakeswhenlearningasecondlanguage.二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共12.5分）Agreatnumberofpeoplecangetinjuredorevenkilledresultingfromahumanstampede（蜂擁）.Oneofthebadthingsisthatapeacefulgroupofpeoplecanquicklyturnintoacrazypanickedcrowd.(16)

Ifyouareinacrowd，themostimportantthingistomakeyourselffamiliarwithyoursurroundingsandmentallynoticetheexits.(17)，makesureyoualwaysknowhowtogetout.Makeyourselfwareofthetypeofgroundyouarestandingon.Ifyouareinacrowdofmovingpeople，wetorunevenroundcanbeslipperyordangerous，causingyoutofall.

Beawareofthegeneralatmosphereoftheevent，aspanicsituationscanoftenbeexpected.Wheninanger，afewsecondscanmakeallthedifference.Ifyoufindyourselfinthemiddleofamovingcrowd，donotfightagainstthepressureanddonotstandstillorsitdown.(18).Takeadvantageofanyspacethatmayopenupandtrytomovesidewaystothecrowdmovementwheretheflowisweaker.

Keepyourhandsupbyyourchest，likeaboxer（拳擊手）.Itgivesyoumovementandprotectsyourchest.

(19).Ifyoufallandcannotgetup，keepmovingbycrawlinginthesamedirectionofthecrowd，orifthatisnotpossible，thencoveryourheadwithyourarmsandcurlup（蜷縮）.(20)Sometimes，findingarightposturecansaveyourlife.

A.Ifyoufall，getupquickly

B.Nomatterwhereyouare

C.Instead，moveinthesamedirectionofthecrowd

D.Ifyouaresteppedon，youshouldshoutforhelp

E.What'sworseisthatthestampedecanbecausedwhilethereseemsnoactualdanger

F.Stretchyourarmstothefulllengthsothatyoucanmakemorespacetomoveinthecrow

G.Donotlieonyourstomachorback，asthisdangerouslyexposesyourlungs.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共15.0分）BrownieandHarrywereneighbordogsinStowe，Vermont，UnitedStates，whometeverydaytoplaytogetherandrunaftereachotherjoyfully.Likepairsofdogsinmostneighborhoods，thesetwolovedeachotherandplayedtogethersooftenthattheyhad（1）______apaththroughthegrassbetweentheirhouses.

Oneevening，Brownie'shumanfamily（2）______thatBrowniehadn'treturnedhome（3）______.Theywentlookingforherbutendin（4）______.Browniestilldidn'tshowupthenextday，and，thoughthey（5）______effortstofindher，bythenextweekshewasstillmissing.

（6）______，theotherdog，Harry，showedupatBrownie'shousealoneoneday.Hebarked（吠），jumpedandpestered（糾纏）Brownie'shumanfamily，showingthathewasfilledwithanxiety.Busywiththeirownlives，thefamilyjustpaidnoattentiontothelittleneighbordoganddecidedtoletBrowniego.However，Harry（7）______togiveup.Ted，Brownie'sowner，wascontinuously（持續(xù)地）troubledbythe（8）______littledog.OnemorningHarryfollowedTedaround，barkingharder，then（9）______towardanearbyemptyparkinglotandback.

Finally，TedwentafterHarryacrosstheemptyparkinglot.Ontheway，Harryalways（10）______toracebackandbarkhardtoTed.Thedog（11）______Tedtoalonelyplaceahalfmilefromthehouse.ThereTedfoundBrowniewasalive，withherfrontlegfallingintoa（12）______.

Feeling（13）______，TedthoughtheshouldtakeHarry'searlierrequests（14）______.Atthesametime，hewasmovedbytheamountof（15）______Harryhasforhispartner.HarryhaddonemorethansimplyledBrownie'sownertohistrappedfriend.21.

A.worn B.cleaned C.designed D.built22.

A.believed B.noticed C.told D.argued23.

A.aspossible B.aswell C.asoften D.asusual24.

A.failure B.sign C.way D.success25.

A.spare B.made C.tried D.spent26.

A.Thankfully B.Interestingly C.Strangely D.Frequently27.

A.refused B.wanted C.offered D.decided28.

A.painful B.cute C.sad D.determined29.

A.walking B.jogging C.rushing D.driving30.

A.went B.stopped C.continued D.stepped31.

A.kept B.brought C.led D.helped32.

A.car B.field C.pool D.trap33.

A.happy B.regretful C.lucky D.tired34.

A.seriously B.pitiful C.carelessly D.easily35.

A.warmth B.cleverness C.kindness D.love四、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）36.閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

WhenfirstintroducedinJapanin1999，emojis（1）______（limit）to176simpledesigns.Nowtherearemorethan3，000emojisthatexpandeduponthewayin（2）______wecommunicate.Intoday'sworld，emojishavebecomemoreandmorepopular.Itseemsthatemojishaveclearadvantages（3）______writtenlanguage.Thereasonwhypeoplelikethemis（4）______theyaddemotionalmeaningandarequickandeasy（5）______（use）.Infact，thisissimilartothegesturesweusewhenwespeak.Withasmilingorsadface（6）______（add）toamessageorpost，yourreaderscan"see"yourfacialexpressionwhile（7）______（read）yourwords.Emojiscanalsohelppeopleexpress（8）______（they）feelingswhentheycan'tfind（9）______appropriatewords.Forinstance，ifyourfriendismovingacrossthecountry，youmayjustsendthemastringofcryingfacestoexpressyoursadnessoveryour（10）______（separate）.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、書面表達(dá)（本大題共2小題，共40.0分）37.假定你是李華，你校正在組織英語演講比賽。請以身邊值得尊敬和愛戴的人為題，寫一篇演講稿參賽，內(nèi)容包括：

（1）人物簡介；

（2）尊敬和愛戴的原因。

注意：

（1）詞數(shù)100左右；

（2）稿件題目和首尾句已為你寫好。

ThePersonIRespect

Goodmorning，everyone!MynameisLiHua.

Thankyou!38.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

Father'sDaywasintwoweeks.Ididn'tknowwhattogetDad.LastyearImadehimaphotoalbum.ThisyearIwantedtodosomethingdifferent.

Atdinner,Dadaccidentallydroppedhisfavoritebluetieintohissoupbowl.Thetiewasruined.IsuddenlyknewwhattogetDadforFather'sDay!

"Howmuchdoesatiecost？"IaskedMomthenextmorning.

"Depends,"shesaid."Somecancosttwentydollars.Doyouhaveenoughmoney.Carter？"

"No,"Isaidsadly.

WhenIgottomyroomtochangeintomyschoolclothesInoticedaholeinmyshirt.

"Mom,Ineedyoutosew（縫補(bǔ)）myshirt,"Isaidloudly,rushingoutthedoortotheschoolbus.

AtschoolIpickedattheholeinmyshirt.IthoughtabouthowIcouldcomeupwithenoughmoneytobuyatie.Itookadeepsigh,andplayedwiththeholdsomemore.Astheholegrewinsize,anideasprungintomymind.

Aftercominghomefromschool,Idugthroughmyclosettryingtofindotherwornclothes.

"Mom!"Iyelleddownthehallheadingtowardsher.

"CanIcuttheseclothesuptomakeDadapatchwork（拼縫）tieforFather'sDay？"IpointedouttheholestoMom.

"Iguess,"shesaid.

"And,"Iadded,"Canyoushowmehowtosewandmaketinystitches（針腳）？"

"Yes,Carter.Let'sstartnowbeforeDadgetshome."Momsaid,headingforhersewingsupplies.

IfollowedMomsinstructionsandstartedmakingapatchworktie.Igentlypressedmyfootonthefootpedal（縫紉機(jī)腳踏板）.Suddenly,theneedlestoppedandthemachinemadeahorriblesound."No!"Isaid.

"Tryagain,Carter,"Mominstructed.

Itookadeepbreathandgentlyappliedthepedalagain.Unluckily,Ifailedagain.

注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)為150左右。

2.請?jiān)谙鄳?yīng)位置作答。

"Forgetit!Ican'tdothis!"Icriedandwenttomyroom.______.

OnFather'sDayIhandedDadasmallbox.______.

答案和解析1~3.【答案】C、B、A【解析】（1）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段的最后一句"Especially，we

stress

our

STEM

courses

that

will

also

help

students

learn

teamwork，create

and

solve

problems."我們特別強(qiáng)調(diào)我們的STEM課程，這個課程將幫助學(xué)生學(xué)會團(tuán)隊(duì)合作，創(chuàng)造以及解決問題。由此可見，數(shù)字媒體學(xué)院夏令營關(guān)注學(xué)生的STEM知識發(fā)展。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，選項(xiàng)C正確。

（2）B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段第一句"No

matter

what

the

program

is，students

will

learn

from

our

highly

respected

DMA

instructors

who

have

been

employed

for

both

their

teaching

experience

and

rich

knowledge

in

their

field."無論這個項(xiàng)目是什么樣的，學(xué)生將會向我們備受尊敬的數(shù)字媒體學(xué)院導(dǎo)師學(xué)習(xí)，他們因?yàn)樗麄兊慕虒W(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)以及在他們領(lǐng)域豐富的知識而受聘。由此可見，數(shù)字媒體學(xué)院的導(dǎo)師們是經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，選項(xiàng)B正確。

（3）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由Friday

Open

House的第一句"Every

Friday

at

3：00

p.m.，parents

are

invited

to

our

Open

House."每個星期五下午3點(diǎn)，父母被邀請到我們的開放室。由此可見，星期五開放室是對學(xué)生父母開放的。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，選項(xiàng)A正確。

這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹在希爾斯哈佛學(xué)生組織中心舉辦的數(shù)字媒體學(xué)院夏令營課程內(nèi)容和日程安排等信息。

1．直接信息題：

直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項(xiàng)在語言表達(dá)上與原文基本一致的題目。

2．間接信息題：

間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語言表達(dá)上與原文有差異，做題時需要對原文信息進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。

3．綜合信息題：

綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來分析，而不能斷章取義。

4~7.【答案】C、D、B、B【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段But

as

she

approached

this

one，it

didn't

move.She

was

certain

that

the

bird

needed

medical

attention.Cordova-Rojas

placed

her

jacket

over

the

bird's

head

to

keep

it

calm，carefully

picked

it

up，and

held

it

in

her

arms.（但當(dāng)她走近這只時，它卻紋絲不動。她確信這只鳥需要醫(yī)療護(hù)理?？茽柖嗤?羅哈斯把她的夾克蓋在鳥的頭上，讓它保持冷靜，小心翼翼地把它撿起來，抱在懷里。）可知科爾多瓦-羅哈斯知道這只天鵝有麻煩了，因?yàn)檫@只天鵝的行為異常。故選C項(xiàng)。

（2）詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上文She

worried

others

might

be

disturbed.（她擔(dān)心其他人會被打擾）和劃線詞所在句However，on

the

subway，no

one

seemed

particularly

fazed

by

the

feathered

passenger.（然而，在地鐵上，似乎沒有人特別fazed這位長著羽毛的乘客）中However可推知，她擔(dān)心的事情并未發(fā)生，沒人覺得天鵝乘地鐵有什么不妥，沒有人覺得"困惑不解"。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，劃線詞與"at

a

loss"意思相近。故選D項(xiàng)。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段The

staff

got

the

swan

back

up

on

her

feet.She

even

made

a

boyfriend

at

the

center

—another

injured

swan.

（工作人員讓天鵝站了起來。她甚至在中心交了一個男朋友——另一只受傷的天鵝）可推知，天鵝喜歡在康復(fù)中心的生活。故選B項(xiàng)。

（4）推理判斷題。通讀全文，并結(jié)合第二段She

was

certain

that

the

bird

needed

medical

attention.Cordova-Rojas

placed

her

jacket

over

the

bird's

head

to

keep

it

calm，carefully

picked

it

up，and

held

it

in

her

arms.（她確信這只鳥需要治療?？茽柖嗤?羅哈斯把她的夾克蓋在鳥的頭上，讓它保持冷靜，然后小心地把它撿起來，抱在懷里）和最后一段Cordova-Rojas

traveled

two

hours

by

foot，car，and

subway

（with

her

bike）

（科爾多瓦?羅哈斯步行、開車、坐地鐵（騎自行車）兩個小時）可知，主人公科爾多瓦?羅哈斯富有愛心，而且細(xì)心周到。A．Curious

and

generous.好奇大方的；B．Caring

and

thoughtful.體貼周到的；C．Energetic

and

independent.精力充沛，獨(dú)立自主的；D．Sensible

and

straight-forward.明智而坦率的。故選B項(xiàng)。

本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了30歲的科爾多瓦?羅哈斯在徒步旅行偶遇一只遇到麻煩的疣鼻天鵝，并對其實(shí)施救助的故事。

一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。

閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在十分有限的時間內(nèi)運(yùn)用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點(diǎn)，并且理清文章脈絡(luò)，把握語篇實(shí)質(zhì)。

二、看題干，帶著問題讀文章。

首先要掌握問題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對文章的感情基調(diào)等，這類題必須經(jīng)過對作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對整篇文章進(jìn)行深一層的推理等。其次，了解試題題干以及各個選項(xiàng)所包含的信息，然后有針對性地對文章進(jìn)行掃讀，對有關(guān)信息進(jìn)行快速定位。此法加強(qiáng)了閱讀的針對性，提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率。

三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題。

在實(shí)際閱讀中，有時作者并未把意圖說出來，閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思，通過語篇邏輯關(guān)系，研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對文字的表面信息進(jìn)行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不能就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問中常用的詞有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。

猜詞是應(yīng)用英語的重要能力。它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認(rèn)識較多的課外詞匯。我們要學(xué)會"順藤摸瓜"，通過構(gòu)詞，語法，定義，同位，對比，因果，常識，上下文等線索確定詞義。

8~11.【答案】D、A、C、B【解析】（1）詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第三段劃線詞前半句"Butitnowseemsthatitissimplyaresultofthe"selfishness"ofindividuallarvae，（但現(xiàn)在看來，這僅僅是單個幼蟲"自私"的結(jié)果，）"可知，這種"自私"的結(jié)果損害了整個群體。所以tothedetrimentof為"對……造成損害"。A．Taking

charge

of.負(fù)責(zé)；B．Falling

victim

to.成為…的犧牲品；C．Providing

support

for.提供支持；D．Causing

damage

to.造成損壞。故選D。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段Oliveiraandhiscolleagueswonderedifthebeeschosesomanyqueensinordertospreadthecolony'sDNAintootherhives.（Oliveira和他的同事想知道，蜜蜂是否選擇了這么多蜂王，以便將蜂群的DNA傳播到其他蜂巢。）可推斷，研究人員要給幼蜂喂食額外的香葉醇是為了驗(yàn)證他們的假設(shè)。故選A。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Thenewstudy"settlesabitofacontroversy"aboutMelipona

bees，saysChristophGrueterattheUniversityofBristol，UK.Butitdoesn'tofferanewexplanationforhowthelarvae"decide"tobecomequeens."Forme，thisisstilloneofthebiggestpuzzlesinbiology."（英國布里斯托爾大學(xué)的ChristophGrueter說，這項(xiàng)新的研究"解決了一些關(guān)于無刺蜜蜂的爭議"。但這并沒有為幼蟲如何"決定"成為蜂王提供新的解釋。"對我來說，這仍然是生物學(xué)中最大的謎題之一。"）可推斷，ChristophGrueter認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)新研究是不充分的。故選C。

（4）主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段Somebeesseemtobeabletochoosewhethertobecomeaworkeroraqueen—butthousandsofcompetitorsforthethrone（王位）arekilledineachhive（蜂巢）.（一些蜜蜂似乎能夠選擇是成為工蜂還是蜂王——但是在每個蜂巢中，成千上萬的競爭對手被殺死。）及全文可知，文章主要介紹了蜜蜂幼蟲中，大約有五分之一成長為蜂王，但蜂群只接受一只蜂王，所以一些蜂群必須殺死數(shù)千個想成為蜂王的蜜蜂。故選B。

本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了蜜蜂幼蟲中，大約有五分之一成長為蜂王，但蜂群只接受一只蜂王，所以一些蜂群必須殺死數(shù)千個想成為蜂王的蜜蜂。短文對此現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行了研究和介紹。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

12~15.【答案】D、D、B、B【解析】（1）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句It

is

important

to

practice

every

day

and

make

a

record

of

your

achievements.（每天練習(xí)很重要，并把你的成績記錄下來。）可知每天練習(xí)英語，并把成績記錄下來，這對學(xué)習(xí)英語很重要。故選D。

（2）D．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容，Bepatient.Youdonothavetounderstandeverythingallatonce.Itisnaturaltomakemistakeswhenyoulearnsomethingnew.Wecanlearnfromourmistakes.?????????????????????????耐心點(diǎn)。你不必一下子就明白所有的事情。當(dāng)你學(xué)到新東西時，犯錯誤是很自然的。我們可以從錯誤中吸取教訓(xùn)。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選D。

（3）B．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二、三、四段內(nèi)容，ThefirststepistofeelconfidentaboutlearningEnglish.ThesecondstepistopracticeyourEnglish.Thethirdstepistokeeparecordofyourlanguagelearning.???????????????????????????由此可知，學(xué)習(xí)英語有三個方法：第一步是對學(xué)習(xí)英語充滿信心，第二步是多練英語；第三步是為你的英語學(xué)習(xí)做一個記錄。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選B。

（4）B．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，本文章主要講述了有的人能夠輕易學(xué)一門外語，有的人學(xué)外語卻很困難，文章向讀者介紹了好多有效學(xué)習(xí)英語的方法：第一步是對學(xué)習(xí)英語充滿信心，第二步是多練英語；第三步是為你的英語學(xué)習(xí)做一個記錄。因此B項(xiàng)There

are

ways

to

help

you

learn

a

second

language

more

easily.（有一些方法可以幫助你更輕松地學(xué)習(xí)第二語言。）概括文意，故選B。

本文是一篇議論文。主要介紹幾種方法可以讓學(xué)習(xí)英語變得更簡單、更有趣。

考查日常生活類閱讀理解。做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。

16~20.【答案】E、B、C、A、G【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)前句One

of

the

bad

things

is

that

a

peaceful

group

of

people

can

quickly

turn

into

a

crazy

panicked

crowd（糟糕的一點(diǎn)是，一群和平的人很快就會變成瘋狂的恐慌人群），可知表示"更糟糕的是，踩踏事件可能是在沒有實(shí)際危險的情況下發(fā)生的"的選項(xiàng)E符合前后的語境，One

of

the

bad

things是關(guān)鍵詞，故選E。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)前句If

you

are

in

a

crowd，the

most

important

thing

is

to

make

yourself

familiar

with

your

surroundings

and

mentally

notice

the

exits（如果你在人群中，最重要的是讓自己熟悉周圍的環(huán)境，并在心理上注意到出口）；以及后半句make

sure

you

always

know

how

to

get

out（確保你始終知道如何離開），可知表示"無論你在哪里"的選項(xiàng)B符合前后的語境，the

exits是關(guān)鍵詞，故選B。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)前句If

you

find

yourself

in

the

middle

of

a

moving

crowd，do

not

fight

against

the

pressure

and

do

not

stand

still

or

sit

down（如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己身處一個流動的人群中，不要與壓力抗?fàn)帲膊灰局粍踊蜃聛恚?，可知表?相反，向人群的同一方向移動"的選項(xiàng)C符合前后的語境，do

not

fight

against

the

pressure是關(guān)鍵詞，故選C。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)后句If

you

fall

and

cannot

get

up，keep

moving

by

crawling

in

the

same

direction

of

the

crowd，or

if

that

is

not

possible，then

cover

your

head

with

your

arms

and

curl

up（如果你摔倒了，爬不起來，繼續(xù)向人群的同一方向爬行，或者如果這不可能，那么用手臂捂住頭部，蜷縮起來），可知表示"如果你跌倒了，快起來"的選項(xiàng)A符合前后的語境，If

you

fall

and

cannot

get

up是關(guān)鍵詞，故選A。

（5）推理判斷題。根據(jù)前句If

you

fall

and

cannot

get

up，keep

moving

by

crawling

in

the

same

direction

of

the

crowd，or

if

that

is

not

possible，then

cover

your

head

with

your

arms

and

curl

up（如果你摔倒了，爬不起來，繼續(xù)向人群的同一方向爬行，或者如果這不可能，那么用手臂捂住頭部，蜷縮起來），可知表示"不要趴著或仰臥，因?yàn)檫@樣會暴露肺部"的選項(xiàng)G符合前后介紹正確姿勢的語境，故選G。

本文是一篇說明文。作者介紹了遇到踩踏事件應(yīng)該采取的正確措施。

這是完成性閱讀，和完形填空很類似，不同的是一個選詞，一個選句子。解題時，要注意上下文語境，充分考慮信息詞（選項(xiàng)中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的詞），選出最符合語境的句子。

21~35.【答案】A、B、D、A、B、C、A、D、C、B、C、D、B、A、D【解析】（1）A.考查動詞及語境理解。A.worn磨損；B.cleaned清理；C.designed設(shè)計；D.built建造。句意：這兩條狗彼此相愛，經(jīng)常在一起玩耍，以至于它們在房子之間的草地上磨出了一條小路。根據(jù)上文"these

two

lovedeach

other

and

played

together

so

ofen"（這兩條狗彼此相愛，經(jīng)常在一起玩耍）可知，這兩只狗經(jīng)常在一起玩耍，以至于兩家房子之間的草地上因?yàn)榻?jīng)常被這兩只狗踩踏，最后磨出了一條路。故選A。

（2）B.考查動詞及語境理解。A.believed相信；B.noticed注意；C.told告訴；D.argued辯論。句意：一天晚上，布朗尼的人類家庭注意到布朗尼沒有像往常一樣回家。根據(jù)下文"Brownie

hadntreturned

home"（布朗尼沒有回家）可知，主人注意到布朗尼沒有像往常一樣回家。故選B。

（4）D.考查固定短語及語境理解。A.as

possible盡可能的；B.as

well也；C.as

often經(jīng)常地；D.as

usual像往常一樣。句意：一天晚上，布朗尼的人類家庭注意到布朗尼沒有像往常一樣回家。根據(jù)上文"One

evening"（一天晚上）和下文情節(jié)可知，主人注意到布朗尼沒有像往常一樣回家。故選D。

（4）A.考查名詞及語境理解。A.failure失?。籅.sign標(biāo)志；C.way路，方式；D.success成功。句意：他們?nèi)フ宜允「娼K。根據(jù)下文"Brownie

still

didntshow

up

the

next

day"（第二天，布朗尼仍然沒有出現(xiàn)）可知，最終沒有找到布朗尼，end

in

failure意為"以失敗告終"。故選A。

（5）B.考查動詞及語境理解。A.spare

抽出；B.made制作，做；C.tried嘗試；D.spent花費(fèi)。句意：第二天，布朗尼仍然沒有出現(xiàn)，盡管他們努力尋找她，但到了第二周，她仍然是失蹤了的。根據(jù)"though"（盡管）和下文的efforts可知用短語make

efforts，意為"做出努力"表示盡管努力尋找，但仍然沒有找到布朗尼。故選B。

（6）C.考查副詞及語境理解。A.Thankfully謝天謝地；B.Interestingly有趣地；C.Strangely奇怪地；D.Frequently頻繁地。句意：奇怪的是，另一只狗哈利有一天獨(dú)自出現(xiàn)在布朗尼的家里。根據(jù)下文"He

barked（吠）jumped

and

pestered（糾纏）Brownie's

human

family""（他狂吠、跳躍并糾纏著布朗尼的人類家庭）可知，哈利的表現(xiàn)是奇怪的。故選C。

（7）A.考查動詞及語境理解。A.refused拒絕；B.wanted想要；C.offered提供；D.decided決定。句意：然而，哈利拒絕放棄。根據(jù)下文"Ted.Brownie's

owner，was

continuously（持續(xù)地）troubled

by

the

8

little

dog"布朗尼的主人特德持續(xù)地被這只…的小狗所困擾。）可知，哈利拒絕放棄。故選A。

（8）D.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.painful疼痛的；B.cute可愛的；C

sad

傷心的；D.determined下定決心的。句意：布朗尼的主人泰德持續(xù)地被這只決心堅(jiān)定的小狗所困擾。根據(jù)下文"One

morning

Harry

followed

Ted

around.barking

harder'"（—天早上，哈利跟著特德，叫的聲音更大）可知，哈利不放棄，一直跟著泰德，叫的聲音更大，說明他很有決心。故選D。

（9）C.考查動詞及語境理解。A.walking散步；B.jogging慢跑；C.rushing沖；D.driving駕駛。句意：一天早上，哈利跟著泰德，叫的聲音更大了，然后沖向一個附近的空停車場又回來。根據(jù)下文"toward

nearby

empty

parking

lot

and

back"（向一個附近的空停車場又回來）可知，哈利沖向空停車場，然后再回來。故選C。

（10）B.考查動詞及語境理解。A.went去；B.stopped停止；C.continued繼續(xù)；D.stepped邁步。句意：在路上，哈利總是停下來跑回來，對著泰德使勁叫。根據(jù)下文"to

race

back

and

bark

hard

to

Ted"（跑回來，對著泰德使勁叫）可知，哈利回來沖著泰德叫，因此推斷它要停下來。故選B。

（11）C.考查動詞及語境理解。A.kept保持；B.brought帶來；C.led帶領(lǐng)；D.helped幫助。句意：那條狗把泰德帶到離房子半英里遠(yuǎn)的一個偏僻的地方。根據(jù)上文"FinallyTed

went

after

Harry

acrossthe

empty

parking

lot."（最后，泰德追著哈利穿過空蕩蕩的停車場。）可知，哈利帶領(lǐng)泰德去了離房子半英里遠(yuǎn)的一個偏僻的地方。故選C。

（12）D.考查名詞及語境理解。A.car汽車；B.field田野，領(lǐng)域；C.pool游泳池；D.trap陷阱。句意：在那里，泰德發(fā)現(xiàn)布朗尼還活著，她的前腿掉進(jìn)了陷阱。根據(jù)最后一句"Harry

had

done

more

than

simply

led

Brownie's

owner

to

his

trapped

friend."（哈利所做的不僅僅是帶領(lǐng)布朗尼的主人找到他被困的朋友。）可知，布朗尼的前腿掉進(jìn)了陷阱。故選D。

（13）B.考查形容詞及語境理解。A.happy高興的；B.regretful后悔的，遺憾的；C.lucky幸運(yùn)的；D.tired勞累的。句意：感到很后悔，泰德認(rèn)為他應(yīng)該認(rèn)真對待哈利早些時候的請求。根據(jù)上文"There

Ted

found

Brownie

was

aliye"（在那里，泰德發(fā)現(xiàn)布朗尼還活著））可知，泰德在哈利的帶領(lǐng)下找到了布朗尼，因此推斷他后悔沒有認(rèn)真對待哈利早些時候的請求。故選B。

（14）A.考查形容詞和副詞及語境理解。A.seriously認(rèn)真地，嚴(yán)肅地；B.pitiful可憐的；C.carelessly粗心地；D.easily容易地。句意：感到很后悔，泰德認(rèn)為他應(yīng)該認(rèn)真對待哈利早些時候的請求。根據(jù)上文"One

moming

Haryfollowed

Ted

around.barking

harder.then

9

toward

a

nearby

empty

parking

lot

and

back."（一天早上，哈利跟著泰德，叫的聲音更大了，然后……向一個附近的空停車場又回來。）可知，哈利早些時候就請求布朗尼的主人去救助布朗尼，因此泰德后悔沒有認(rèn)真對待。take

sth.seriously意為"認(rèn)真對待某事"。故選A。

（15）D.考查名詞及語境理解。A.warmth溫暖；B.cleverness聰明；C.kindness好心；D.love愛。句意：與此同時