about language燕市一等獎優(yōu)質(zhì)課

直接引語變間接引語直接引語：媽媽說:”杰克是個好工人“.Direct

speech:Mother

said

:”Jack

is

a

goodworker.”媽媽說杰克是個好工人。Indirect

speech:Mother

said

that

Jack

is

a

goodworker間接引語一、如何變?nèi)朔Q：口訣：一隨主。二隨賓，第三不變。“一隨主”是指在直接引語變間接引語時，如果從句中的主語是第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾。從句中的人稱要按照主句中主語的人稱變化如：She

said.

"My

brother

wants

to

goshopping

with

me.

”→She

said

her

brother

wanted

to

goshopping

with

her.“二隨賓”是指直接引語變間接引語時，若從句中的主語及賓語是第二人稱或被第二人你所修飾。從句中的人稱要跟引號外的主句的賓語一致。如果引號外的主句沒有賓語。也可以用第一人稱，如：He

said

to

Kate.

"How

is

your

sister

now?”→He

asked

Kate

how

her

sister

was

then?！暗谌朔Q不更新”是指直接引語變間接引語時。如果從句中的主語及賓語是第三人稱或被第三人稱所修飾從句中的人稱一般不需要變化如：Mr.

Smith

said,

“Jack

is

a

good

boy.”→Mr.

Smith

said

Jack

was

a

good

boy.二、如何變時態(tài)：直接引語在改為間接引語時、時態(tài)需要做相應的調(diào)整。一般現(xiàn)在時→一般過去時態(tài)；She

said:

“

I

am

a

student.

”→

She

said

(that)

she

was

a

student.一般將來時→過去將來時She

said,

"He

will

go

to

see

his

friend.”→She

said

he

would

go

to

see

his

friend。Tom

said,“I

am

going

to

play

basketballtomorrow.”→

Tom

said

he

was

going

to

play

basketballtomorrow.現(xiàn)在進行時→過去進行時；She

said

,“I

am

reading

a

book.”→She

said

she

was

reading

a

book.注意：以下幾種情況時態(tài)不變①直接引語是客觀真理。The

teacher

said"The

earth

moves

around

the

sun

.”→

The

teacher

said

me

the

earth

moves

aroundthe

sun

earth.②直接引語是過去進行時，時態(tài)不變。Jack

said.

“I

was

doing

chores

when

Tom

came

tosee

me”Jack

said

he

was

doing

chores

when

Tomcame

to

see

him.③直接引語中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)不變。如：Jack

said.

"I

was

born

on

April

2l,

1980."→Jack

said

he

was

born

on

April

21,

1980.④直接引語如果是一般現(xiàn)在時。表示一種反復出現(xiàn)或習慣性的動作，變間接引語，時態(tài)不變。如：He

said,“I

get

up

at

six

every

morning?！薄鶫e

said

he

gets

up

at

six

every

morning.⑤如果直接引語中的情態(tài)動詞沒有過去時的形式不再變（例：could,

should,

would,

might）The

doctor

said,

“You

should

stay

in

bed

for

2

days.”→

The

doctor

said

I

should

stay

in

bed

for

2

days.”和已經(jīng)是過去時的形式時，例：ought

to，had

better,used

toPeter

said.

"You

had

better

come

here

today."→Peter

said

I

had

better

go

there

that

day.The

teacher

said

,“

You

should

come

here

at

7:00.”→The

teacher

said

I

should

go

there

at

7:00.指示代詞修飾的狀語，由“此”改為“彼”例：this

改為thatHe

said,

"This

books

is

mine.“→He

said

that

book was

his.三、如何變狀語：直接引語變間接引語，a狀go語—b變efo化re有;th其is

m內(nèi)o在rnin規(guī)g—律th，at時間狀語由“現(xiàn)在”改m為o“rnin原g

來”Yesterday—the

day

before;（例：now變?yōu)閠hen,

yestotemrodrraoyw變—t為he

nthexet

ddaayy

beforetoday變?yōu)閠hat

day

next

week—the

following

week/thenext

weekHe

said,

”I

want

to

goYsewstiemrdmayimngornniongw—.

t”he

morning→

He

said

he

wanted

tobgefoorsewimming

then.地點狀語，尤其表示方向性的，here

變there謂語動詞的變化:直接引語:Must

;Come

;bring間接引語:had

to;

go

;takeShe

said,"

I

will

come

here

this

evening.”She

said

that

she

would

go

there

that

evening四、如何變句型：①直接引語如果是陳述句，間接引語應改為由that引導的賓語從句。She

said,

"Our

bus

will

arrive

in

five

minutes.“→She

said

that

their

bus

would

arrive

in

five

minutes.②直接引語如果是反意疑問句，選擇疑問句或一般疑問句，間接引語應改為由whether或if引導的賓語從句.He

said,

"Can

you

swim,

John?“→He

asked

John

if

he

could

swim?！癉o

you

go

to

school

by

bus

or

by

bike?”→He

asked

me

if

I

went

to

school

by

bus

or

by

bike.③直接引語如果是特殊問句，間接引語應該改為由疑問代詞或疑問副詞引導的賓語從句（賓語從句必須用陳述句語序）。She

asked

me,

"When

do

they

have

their

dinner?”→

She

asked

me

when

they

had

their

dinner.She

asked

me,

"What

was

Jack

doing

when

I

come

in?”→She

asked

me

what Jack

was

doing

when

she

came

in.④直接引語如果是祈使句，間接引語應改為“Tell(ask,order,beg等)sb(not)todosth.”句型。如："Don't

make

any

noise,"

theteacher

said

to

the

students.→She

told

(ordered)

the

students

not

to

make

any

noise.“Open

the

door,

please,"

said

she.→She

asked

him

to

open

the

door.⑤直接引語如果是以“Let's”開頭的祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，通常用“suggest+動句詞（或從句）”如：He

said,

"Let's

go

to

the

movies."→He

suggested

going

to

the

movies.或He

suggested

that

they

should

go

to

see

the

movies.ExerciseThe

teacher

said

that

the

sun in

the

east

and

downin

the

west.“I

never

eat

meat.”

he

said.Hesaidthat

he

never

ate

meat.“I’ve

found

my

wallet.”

he

said

to

me.He

told

methathe

had

Found

his

wallet.“I

took

it

home

with

me.”

she

said.She

said

that

she

had

taken

ithomewithher.The

teacher

said,

“The

sun

rises

in

the

east

and

goes

downin

the

west.”rise

goes“I

met

her

yesterday.”

he

said

to

me.He

told

methathe

had

mettheday

before.“You

must

come

here

before

five.”

he

said.HesaidthatI

had

togo

there

before

five.“I

bought

the

house

10

years

ago.”

he

said.Hesaidthathe

had

boughtthehouse10years

before .8.

“Did

you

see

her

last

week?”

he

said.13.

“Stop

making

so

much

noise,

children.”

he

said.ifHe

asked

I

had

seen

her

the

week

before

.He

said,

“You

can

sit

here,

Jim.”He

told