經濟學常用英語詞匯【精心整理版】

經濟學常用英語詞匯Aaccounting會計accountingcost會計成本accountingprofit會計利潤adverseselection逆向選擇allocation配置allocationofresources資源配置allocativeefficiency配置效率antitrustlegislation反托拉斯法arcelasticity弧彈性Assumption假設asymetricinformation非對稱性信息average平均averagecost平均成本averagecostpricing平均成本定價法averagefixedcost平均固定成本averageproductofcapital資本平均產量averageproductoflabour勞動平均產量averagerevenue平均收益averagetotalcost平均總成本averagevariablecost平均可變成本Bbarrierstoentry進入壁壘baseyear基年bilateralmonopoly雙邊壟斷benefit收益blackmarket黑市blisspoint極樂點boundarypoint邊界點breakevenpoint收支相抵點budget預算budgetconstraint預算約束budgetline預算線budgetset預算集Ccapital資本capitalstock資本存量capitaloutputratio資本產出比率capitalism資本主義cardinalutilitytheory基數(shù)效用論cartel卡特爾ceterispuribusassumption“其他條件不變”的假設ceterispuribusdemandcurve其他因素不變的需求曲線Chamberlinmodel張伯倫模型changeindemand需求變化changeinquantitydemanded需求量變化changeinquantitysupplied供給量變化changeinsupply供給變化choice選擇closedset閉集Coasetheorem科斯定理cobwebmodel蛛網模型collectivebargaining集體協(xié)議工資collusion合謀commandeconomy指令經濟commodity商品commoditycombination商品組合commoditymarket商品市場commodityspace商品空間commonproperty公用財產comparativestaticanalysis比較靜態(tài)分析compensatedbudgetline補償預算線compensateddemandfunction補償需求函數(shù)compensationprinciples補償原則compensatingvariationinincome收入補償變量competition競爭competitivemarket競爭性市場complementgoods互補品completeinformation完全信息completeness完備性conditionforefficiencyinproduction生產的最優(yōu)條件concave凹concavefunction凹函數(shù)concavepreference凹偏好consistence一致性constantcostindustry成本不變產業(yè)constantreturnstoscale規(guī)模報酬不變constraints約束consumer消費者consumerbehavior消費者行為consumerchoice消費者選擇consumerequilibrium消費者均衡consumeroptimization消費者優(yōu)化consumerpreference消費者偏好consumersurplus消費者剩余consumertheory消費者理論consumption消費consumptionbundle消費束consumptioncombination消費組合consumptionpossibilitycurve消費可能曲線consumptionpossibilityfrontier消費可能性前沿consumptionset消費集consumptionspace消費空間continuity連續(xù)性continuousfunction連續(xù)函數(shù)contractcurve契約曲線convex凸convexfunction凸函數(shù)convexpreference凸偏好convexset凸集corporatlon公司cost成本costbenefitanalysis成本收益分costfunction成本函數(shù)costminimization成本極小化Cournotequilihrium古諾均衡Cross—priceelasticity交叉價格彈性Ddead—weightsloss重負損失decreasingcostindustry成本遞減產業(yè)decreasingreturnstoscale規(guī)模報酬遞減deduction演繹法demand需求demandcurve需求曲線demandelasticity需求彈性demandfunction需求函數(shù)demandprice需求價格demandschedule需求表depreciation折舊derivative導數(shù)derivedemand派生需求differenceequation差分方程differentialequation微分方程differentiatedgood差異商品differentiatedoligoply差異寡頭diminishingmarginalsubstitution邊際替代率遞減diminishingmarginalreturn收益遞減diminishingmarginalutility邊際效用遞減directapproach直接法directtaxes直接稅discounting貼稅、折扣diseconomiesofscale規(guī)模不經濟disequilibrium非均衡distribution分配divisionoflabour勞動分工distributiontheoryofmarginalproductivity邊際生產率分配論duoupoly雙頭壟斷、雙寡duality對偶durablegoods耐用品dynamicanalysis動態(tài)分析dynamicmodels動態(tài)模型EEconomicagents經濟行為者economiccost經濟成本economicefficiency經濟效率economicgoods經濟物品economicman經濟人economicmode經濟模型economicprofit經濟利潤economicregionofproduction生產的經濟區(qū)域economicregulation經濟調節(jié)economicrent經濟租金exchange交換economics經濟學exchangeefficiency交換效率economy經濟exchangecontractcurve交換契約曲線economyofscale規(guī)模經濟Edgeworthboxdiagram埃奇沃思圖exclusion排斥性、排他性Edgeworthcontractcurve埃奇沃思契約線Edgeworthmodel埃奇沃思模型efficiency效率，效益efficiencyparameter效率參數(shù)elasticity彈性elasticityofsubstitution替代彈性endogenousvariable內生變量endowment稟賦endowmentofresources資源稟賦entrepreneur企業(yè)家entrepreneurship企業(yè)家才能entrybarriers進入壁壘entry/exitdecision進出決策envolopecurve包絡線equilibrium均衡equilibriumcondition均衡條件equilibriumprice均衡價格equilibriumquantity均衡產量eqity公平equivalentvariationinincome收入等價變量excess—capacitytheorem過度生產能力定理excesssupply過度供給exchange交換exchangecontractcurve交換契約曲線exclusion排斥性、排他性exclusionprinciple排他性原則existence存在性existenceofgeneralequilibrium總體均衡的存在性exogenousvariables外生變量expansionpaths擴展徑expectation期望expectedutility期望效用expectedvalue期望值expenditure支出explicitcost顯性成本externalbenefit外部收益externalcost外部成本externaleconomy外部經濟externaldiseconomy外部不經濟externalities外部性FFactor要素factordemand要素需求factormarket要素市場factorsofproduction生產要素factorsubstitution要素替代factorsupply要素供給fallacyofcomposition合成謬誤finalgoods最終產品firm企業(yè)firms’demandcurveforlabor企業(yè)勞動需求曲線firmsupplycurve企業(yè)供給曲線parameter參數(shù)partialderivative偏導數(shù)partialequilibrium局部均衡patent專利payoffmatrix收益矩陣、支付矩陣perceiveddemandcurve感覺到的需求曲線perfectcompetition完全競爭perfectcomplement完全互補品perfectmonopoly完全壟斷perfectpricediscrimination完全價格歧視perfectsubstitution完全替代品perfectinelasticity完全無彈性perfectlyelastic完全有彈性perfectlyinelastic完全無彈性plantsize工廠規(guī)模pointelasticity點彈性positiveeconomics實證經濟學prediction預測preference偏好preferencerelation偏好關系presentvalue現(xiàn)值price價格priceadjustmentmodel價格調整模型priceceiling最高限價priceconsumptioncurve價格費曲線pricecontrol價格管制pricedifference價格差別pricediscrimination價格歧視priceelasticityofdemand需求價格彈性priceelasticityofsupply供給價格彈性pricefloor最低限價pricemaker價格制定者pricerigidity價格剛性priceseeker價格搜求者pricetaker價格接受者pricetax從價稅privatebenefit私人收益principal—agentissues委托--代理問題privatecost私人成本privategoods私人用品privateproperty私人財產producerequilibrium生產者均衡producertheory生產者理論product產品producttransformationcurve產品轉換曲線productdifferentiation產品差異productgroup產品集團production生產productioncontractcurve生產契約曲線productionefficiency生產效率productionfunction生產函數(shù)productionpossibilitycurve生產可能性曲線productivity生產率productivityofcapital資本生產率productivityoflabor勞動生產率profit利潤profitfunction利潤函數(shù)profitmaximization利潤極大化propertyrights產權propertyrightseconomics產權經濟學proposition定理proportionaldemandcurve成比例的需求曲線publicbenefits公共收益publicchoice公共選擇publicgoods公共商品purecompetition純粹競爭rivalry對抗性、競爭pureexchange純交換puremonopoly純粹壟斷Qquantity—adjustmentmodel數(shù)量調整模型quantitytax從量稅quasi—rent準租金Rrateofproducttransformation產品轉換率rationality理性reactionfunction反應函數(shù)regulation調節(jié)，調控relativeprice相對價格rent租金rentcontrol規(guī)模報酬rentseeking尋租rentseekingeconomics尋租經濟學resource資源resourceallocation資源配置returns報酬、回報returnstoscale規(guī)模報酬revealedpreference顯示性偏好revenue收益revenuecurve收益曲線revenuefunction收益函數(shù)revenuemaximization收益極大化ridgeline脊線risk風險Ssatiation飽和，滿足saving儲蓄scarcity稀缺性lawofscarcity稀缺法則second—degreepricediscrimination二級價格歧視secondderivative--階導數(shù)second—ordercondition二階條件service勞務set集shadowprices影子價格short—run短期short—runcostcurve短期成本曲線short—runequilibrium短期均衡short—runsupplycurve短期供給曲線shutdowndecision關閉決策shortage短缺shutdownpoint關閉點singlepricemonopoly單一定價壟斷slope斜率socialbenefit社會收益socialcost社會成本socialindifferencecurve社會無差異曲線socialpreference社會偏好socialsecurity社會保障socialwelfarefunction社會福利函數(shù)socialism社會主義solution解space空間stability穩(wěn)定性stableequilibrium穩(wěn)定的均衡staticanalysis靜態(tài)分析stock存量stockmarket股票市場strategy策略subsidy津貼substitutes替代品substitutioneffect替代效應substitutionparameter替代參數(shù)sufficientcondition充分條件supply供給supplycurve供給曲線supplyfunction供給函數(shù)supplyschedule供給表symmetry對稱性symmetryofinformation信息對稱Ttangency相切taste興致technicalefficiency技術效率technologicalconstraints技術約束technologicalprogress技術進步technology技術third—degreepricedi