2023年中石油職稱英語考試真題及答案

2０２3年中石油職稱英語考試試題試卷類型:８I.VocabularｙＤｉｒｅctions:Thｅreare20iｎcompleteseｎｔenｃeｓinｔhiｓｐaｒt.FｏrｅacｈsentenｃeｔｈeｒｅａrｅfourcｈoiceｓmaｒkedA,B,CanｄD.ＣhｏosetheONＥaｎswerthatbestcｏmｐleｔｅsthesenｔenceandmarｋｙouransｗｅｒontheAｎswｅrＳｈeet.1.Iｔispｏｓsibｌetoprｅｄicthowmｕchenerｇyanｄｗａt(yī)ｅrabuildingwillcoｎsume,hoｗmｕch_______willｂeneeded．A．ｍａt(yī)ｔerＢ.tｈｉngsC.ｍａｔerｉalD.substaｎｃe2.Theyｆoundｔhattｈeｐosiｔiｖethinkerssold37perceｎtmoreｉnｓuraｎcethandiｄｔhe＿_(dá)＿＿_(dá)__thinkerｓ.A.neｇatｉｖeB．posiｔｉvｅＣ.actiｖeD．pａssive3．Inlａbsaroundthｅwｏrlｄ,ｂadbｕｇsareundergoｉngthｅｕｌｔimａt(yī)ｅｒehabiｌitａt(yī)ion,beinｇ＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)frｏmlifｅ－threateninｇvｉrusesａndｂaｃtｅrｉolifesａvｉngｔhｅｒapeｕticagenｔｓ.Ａ.tｒanslatedB．tｒaｎｓportedC．tｒａnsfoｒmｅｄD．ｔransmｉtteｄ４.Thｅfreshairisｓｏmｅtｉｍｅｓｈuｍidfromｔhｅ_＿_(dá)__＿＿ｒaｉｎfalloｆthisａｒea.A.numerousB.abｕndaｎtC.ｐleｎtｙD.substaｎtive5.Wｅｋnowｔhatmanyａｎｉmals____＿_(dá)_ｔhedｅe(cuò)psｅasatpｒessuｒesof１5,000pounｄspeｒｑuareｉncｈ．A.lｉveｏnＢ.livｅinC.liveｔhrouｇhD.ｌiveuptｏ6.ＳpeａkersaｎdｗritersoftheＧermanｉclanguaｇｅs_＿_(dá)____foｒaｇrｅatdealofｔhｅwｏrlｄ'soutｐutinｅvｅrythinｇfromｅconoｍiｃstolｉtｅratuｒetomiｌitarｙｔoscｉｅnｃeandｔｅchnoloｇｙ.A.accounｔB.alloｗＣ.applyD.arｒａnｇｅ7._______oftｈeｇreatsｔａt(yī)ｅｏfＩｌlinois，ｌetmｅe(cuò)ｘpressmydeｅｐestｇｒatitudeｆorｔｈeｐrivilegeofaddｒessingthisconventｉon.A.OnaccountB.ＩnhonoｒC.ＩｎplaceＤ.Ｏnbｅｈaｌf８.Thecomｐａｎieｓtｈａｔarefiｎdingwaystｏｈanｇｏntoｔheirｏlderwｏrkers＿_(dá)_____fｒomaninｔmｏdity:wiｓｄom.A.ｏbtａｉnB.eaｒnC．deｖeｌoｐD.benefｉｔ９.Iraｃedto__＿_(dá)___Jill.A.keeponＢ.ｋｅe(cuò)ｐｕｐwithＣ.comｅｕｐwitｈＤ.comｅupto１0.Managersneｅdtomonitoｒinflaｔionｔrendsｓotheyｃａnmaｋeｇｏod__＿_(dá)__＿．A.decisiveB．decｉsionsC.ｄｅｃiｄeＤ.ｄecided11.Flueｎｃycanbe＿_(dá)_____ｄefｉneｄaｓ"ｂeｉngａbletｏｃomｍunicatｅidｅasｗｉｔhoｕthavｉnｇtｏstopandthinktoomｕchaｂoutwhａt(yī)onｅissaying."A.simｐleＢ.sｉmｐｌｙC.simiｌaｒD.sｉmｐlifｙ１2.Tｈenｕmberofvehｉcleｓｈasbeensteadilyincreasing.__＿＿_(dá)__,morｅthａｎ100citｉｅsintｈeUnｉtｅdＳtateｓstilｌhaveｌevelsoｆｃarｂonｍoｎoｘidetｈａt(yī)ｅxceedleｇalｌyesｔablishedlimｉｔs.A.ConｔｉnｕoｕslyB．ConsequenｔｌyC.CoｎｓtａntlyD.Consｉsｔentｌy13.Ａ（An)__＿_(dá)___isbeｔtｅｒｔhanthｅteｘtandmaymakｅthepointcleａr.A.inｔerｐreｔationB.repｒeseｎｔａt(yī)iｏnＣ.iｌｌustraｔioｎＤ．draw1４.Ｓｏmeoｆtheworld＇sbeｓｔｍounｔaｉn___＿＿＿_(dá)isavailａbｌewithiｎthe５00-kiloｍeｔｅrlongchainｏfｔheSouthernＡｌpｓ.A.ｓceneB.scenｅryC.scａrｃeD．scａrｅ1５.Afｔeｒathroughreseａrch，ｔheｐolice__mostｏftｈemｉsｓinｇjewels.A．retreａt(yī)ｅｄB.ｒefrｅshｅdＣ.recovereｄD.ｒｅｍiｎded16.Ａgｏld-ratedbuｉlｄｉｎgiseｓtｉｍaｔedｔｏhaverｅduｃeditsｅｎvirｏｎmｅntalｉｍpａctbｙ50％compａredwitha(an)＿＿convｅｎｔiｏnalbuildｉｎg．A.equivaleｎtB.alikeC.unifｏrmD．liｋｅly17.Whenpesｓiｍｉsts_＿intheirfirｓtａt(yī)ｔempt,theｙｕsuaｌlysaｙ,"Ican'tdothis."Ａ.feelB.ｆａilC.deｆeaｔD.lｏst１８．Sixｙｅars＿＿ｂeｆoreｓhegotanothｅｒnotefroｍTedｄy.A.weｎtｉntoB.wenｔarouｎdC.wｅｎtbｙＤ.ｗenton19．Ｔheｃompanyownｓalarｇenｕmberof__＿_(dá)＿_(dá)＿stｏres．Ａ.expoｒｔB．bargａinC．reｔaｉlD.ｔrade２０.Ｔhecosｔofｓelf-ｅduｃａｔiｏnhasfaｌlenwｉththemulｔitudeｏfsouｒcesｏfknowｌedgeandinfｏrmaｔioｎ_______onCD-ＲOMsandｔｈｅＩnｔernｅt.A.prｅferableＢ．ｒeaｄyC.ａｖailａｂlｅＤ．conｓｉderａｂleＩI．GrａmmaticａlStrucｔuｒeDｉreｃtions:Ｔheｒeａre２0inｃomｐlｅteseｎteｎcesｉnthisｐａrｔ.FｏreaｃhsentｅncetｈeｒearｅfourchoｉｃｅsmarkedＡ,Ｂ,CandD．ChoosｅtｈｅＯNEansｗerｔhatbｅstcoｍpleｔeｓtｈｅsentｅnceandmarｋyｏｕrａnｓweroｎtheAｎswerＳｈｅe(cuò)t.21．Putthｉngsbacｋ____＿_(dá)yoｕfｏuｎdｔhem.A.ｗｈｅreＢ.ｔhatC.ｗｈｉchD.siｎce22.--Ａreyｏｕgoiｎｇtｏtheｆｏotbａllgaｍe?--No，thetｉｃketsａre___＿_(dá)＿_(dá)foｒｍe.A．terribｌeｅｘpensiveＢ.somuchexpｅnsiveC.farｔｏoｅｘpｅnsiveＤ．ｈｉｇhｌyexpensiｖe23．Thｅresiｄeｎts,_＿ｈadbeｅndamagｅdbｙtheｆlooｄ，weregivｅnheｌpｂytheＲｅdＣroｓｓ.A.alｌofwhosｅhomesB.ａlloｆtheirhomｅsC.alltheirｈｏmｅsD.allthathomeｓ２4.Insomecouｎtｒiｅs____isｃalled"eｑualｉtｙ"doesnotrｅallｙｍeanequalriｇhｔsfｏｒalｌｐｅople.A.whichB.whatC.ｔｈatＤ.oｎｅ25.Gorillasaｒequietanimaｌs,＿_(dá)____theyareaｂｌｅtomakeabouttwｅnｔydifferentsoundｓ.A.hoｗB.inspiteｏfC.eveｎｔhouｇｈＤ.bｅcausｅoｆ26．_______theｓiｚｅａnｄnatureofａｂｕsineｓs,ｉtsmaingｏalistｏeａrｎapｒoｆit．A．ＷhateｖｅｒＢ.WｈｉcheｖｅｒC.ＷｈｅｒｅasD．Bｅcauｓe27．HenrｙandTom__ｔoｔｈepaｒｔiesaｔtheTｒadeUｎioｎeverySatｕrｄａy.A.usｅｄｔogｏＢ.wereusｅdtogｏC.areuｓedｔogoD.uｓetｏgo2８.Theｃrewmanswitｃhedoｎpｏrtableｆlashlightsaｓtheeｎgineer__tｈescｅne.A.ｈassｕｒvｅyedB.surveｙsＣ.wａssｕrｖeyingD.issｕrvｅying29．____＿＿_(dá)WAＰtechnology,peoｐlｅcａnｄothｅirworkaｎywhereanyｔime.A.UsｅB．UsingＣ.BｅinguｓeｄＤ.Used３0．Ｔｈenews_______hearｄeｖerｙwheｒe.A.haｄＢ.havebeenC．ｗａsD．ａreｇｏｉｎgtobe31.Ｙou_＿yｏurselfａｂｏuｔmonｅｙ.A.ｎeeｄnoｔwｏrryＢ.havewｏｒryC．a(chǎn)reｎｏtbeiｎgwｏrｒiｅｄＤ.needｎ＇tbｅｗoｒrｉed３２.Ｔhecoｕrseｎormａｌlｙａt(yī)ｔractｓ20sｔuｄentsperyear,_＿uｐtoｈalfwｉｌlbefｒｏmoversｅas.A.inwhiｃhＢ.ｆorwhomＣ.withwhichＤ.ofwhom33.＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)_ｈewasaｒegularｃusｔｏmer,thebｏssalｌowed10%ｄiscountofftheｐriceｓoｆthegoods．A.ＧiviｎgB.GivingｔhatC.Gｉvｅnthａt(yī)D.Tｏgiveｔhａｔ３4．Iｔseemsoil__＿＿_(dá)＿＿froｍtｈispiｐｅｆoｒsoｍetｉｍe.Ｗｅ＇llhaｖetotakemａcｈinｅaｐarｔtoｐutitｒighｔ.A．hadleakedB.isleａkingＣ.leakedD.haｓbeｅnlｅaｋinｇ３5.__ｎothｉngmｏrｅtodiｓｃuss,tｈeCEOgｏttohisfｅｅｔ,ｓaidgoodbyeandlｅfttｈemeetingｒoom.A.ＴｈeｒewasB.BｅｉnｇＣ.ＴherebｅinｇD．Astherebeｉｎg36.GreatasＮewtonｗas,manyofhisiｄeaｓ＿_(dá)todａyandarebｅiｎgmoｄifiedｂyｔｈｅｗorkoｆsｃieｎｔistsｏfoｕrtime．A.arｅtoｃhalleｎgeB.havebeｅｎchａlｌengedC．ｍaybeｃhａllengeｄD.ａreｃhallｅngｉng3７．Shｅapoｌｏgizedfor__themｅe(cuò)ｔing.A.herbeｉngaｂlenottｏａt(yī)tendB.herｂｅingnotaｂletoattｅndＣ.notheｒｂeingaｂletoattｅndD．heｒnoｔbｅiｎgaｂletoattenｄ3８．Iwｉshtohaveａwｏrdwｉthyou,___＿_(dá)__?Ａ.ｍustIB.wouｌｄn'tIＣ．mayID.shｏｕldn'ｔI39.__ｒightｎｏw,sｈewouldgｅttherｅonSundａy.Ａ.Ｗo(hù)uldsheleaveB.IｆｓheleaｖeC.WｅreshｅtoleaveD.Iｆshehadleft４0.IwishI_＿lonｇertｈismｏrning，butIhaｄtogｅｔupaｎｄcｏｍeｔoclaｓs.Ａ.ｃouldｈaｖesｌepｔＢ．sｌeptC．ｍiｇhｔhavesleptD.hａveｓlｅptIIＩ.ＲeadingＣｏmpｒｅhenｓionSｅctionＡＤｉrecｔioｎs：Ｔｈereａre5pasｓaｇｅsｉnthiｓsectｉon．Eａcｈpassaｇeisfollｏwｅｄby4quｅsｔionsｏruｎfｉnｉｓhedstａt(yī)eｍｅnｔs.ＦoreａchofthemtherearefoｕrchoiｃeｓmarkedA,B，CandD．ＹouｓｈoｕlddｅciｄｅonthebｅsｔchoicｅandmａｒkyouranｓｗerｏntｈｅAnｓwｅrSｈeeｔ.Questioｎs4１to44aｒebａsedoｎtｈefoｌlowｉｎｇpａssaｇe:Bydirecｔobsｅrvatiｏnｓaｎdmanyeｘｐerimenｔs，bｉoloｇistshａveｄｉｓcｏvereｄtｈａt(yī)practicallｙａllａｎｉｍalｓhavesｏｍesenseｏfｈｅariｎgoｒvibｒatｉon．Earthwｏｒmsｆeelvｉｂratｉｏnsinｔhesoil,fishcanbetｒainedtorespondtｏcertaｉntｏnes,malemosquitoesａreattraｃtｅｄbythesouｎdｏｆｔｈefemale,ａndｆrｏgｓwｉllresponｄｔoatapｅrecordingofthｅirｏｗｎvoices．Tｈeｉnnereariｓcomposedoｆdｅlicaｔemｅmｂｒａneswｈichbｅarｄensepａt(yī)cｈesofspecｉａlizedcellscalｌedmaculａe.Eachofthesecollｅｃtｉｏnsoｆceｌｌｓcancａrrｙａmeｓsaｇｅtotｈebｒａiｎ.Wｈａt(yī)meｓsaｇｅiｓcarriedbｙａmacuｌaｄepｅndsｕｐｏnｈｏｗitiｓａffeｃtｅd.Thｅmeｓｓagewhｉchｉsｃarrｉedisｎot,howｅｖer,alwaysconneｃtedwiｔhtheｈearinｇsｅnｓe.Foｒｉｎｓtance，aceｒｔainkindofｔadpolｅｃaｎtellthedepthoftｈewａt(yī)ｅrｉｔisｓwimmｉnｇinbyｔｈepitchoｆatonewｈichispｒｏducedbyitsownlｕnｇs.Ｉnthehｕmanａｎdaｌlｏｔheｒmammaｌs，theｍaculahａsdeｖeloｐｅdinｔoanoｒｇanwhicｈｃanｅasilybesｅe(cuò)n.Thiｓorgａｎisｃalledthecochｌea.Thｉsspｉｒａlsｈａｐeｄｏrgancontaｉnｓtheｍaculaitselfａnｄｉtｉscalled"orgaｎofCorti＂aftｅritｓdiscｏｖerer.Ifyouhavｅe(cuò)verseeｎasｎailshｅlｌ,youｋｎｏｗhowａcochleａｌｏoks.Ｗｈensｏｕndwavｅsenterｔｈecochlea,wｈichisreallyatubecｏiledａrouｎd,theysetaｍembraneｉnｔｏaｂａckaｎｄｆorthmotionandcausｅaｎｅwwaｖe.Thｉｓiｓsomethｉｎglikethewayｉnｗhichｈighandlowｓoundｓａreproducedbyafluteoｒwｈistｌe.Ｔｈehｉgｈsoundsarｅpｒoducｅｄｗｈentheairｉsｐrｅｖｅntedｂythehｏlesfroｍｇｏingtｈrough,whｉlｅtheloｗsｏunｄsareprodｕcｅｄbyalｌｏwingmoreｏfｔｈeａiｒｔopass．Ａllｔhisiｓwhatpｒoｄuｃesｔhｅdifferｅncｅsbetｗeenhighandlowsouｎds.Ｔhｅlouｄnessofaｓoundｉsevｉdentlyproducｅdbyｈｏｗmuｃｈtｈeｍembrａｎeｉｓcａusetoｍoｖｅ.Whetheｒornotheaｒingisreaｌlｙｐｒｏducedｉnａllanｉmalsbythｅe(cuò)ffecｔofpressｕreisnotdefinitelｙｋｎownbｙｓcientistsａsyet．Wｅｄｏknow，howevｅr，thatnａt(yī)ｕreｈasｓetｕpsoｍeveryｄelｉｃatehｅaringｍｅchanismｓfｏｒitｓｃｒeａｔuｒeｓ．Ｓcｉeｎtiｓｔsｍusｔeｘplｏremｕchｆｕrthｅrfｏｒmoreｋnowleｄｇｅａbｏｕthowaｎimａlｓusｅtheirｅars.４1.AccordｉngtoｔhearticｌepractｉcａｌlyallanimａｌｓhaｖesomesｅｎseoｆA.directｉonB.hearｉｎgC．vibratiｏnD.boｔhBandＣ4２.ThecoｃhｌeaｉsｆoundA.inｆishB.onlyinhumansC.inallａｎimalsD.iｎallmａmmａｌs４3．SｃｉentｉstｓｋnｏｗＡ．ｔhａt(yī)alｌanimａlshaｖeaｃｏchleaB.vｅrylｉttlｅａbｏuthearinｇｉnaｎimalsC.thatｍosquｉtoesｃaｎnotheaｒsoundsD.ｔhaｔｈearingiｓpｒoducedbyａｉrprｅsｓｕｒeｉnmaｍmalｓ.４４.Tｈearticleｉsｍoｓtｌyabout__A．hｏwsoundｉsprｏduｃｅｄB.leaｒniｎgbyｏｂｓeｒｖｉｎgC.thewｏrｋinｇsｏfｔheinneｒearD.outerearformationinvariｏｕsａｎimalsQuestiｏnｓ4５tｏ４８arｅｂasｅdｏnthefｏｌloｗｉngpaｓsａge：DearMｓ.Answers,I'vebeenｏｆfeｒｅdajobｐromoｔionthaｔwｏuldreｑuiｒｅmetorelocateａｂroadｔoParisｆroｍChｉcａgo．TｈesａlarｙformyｎewｐositioｎwｏｕldbemuchhigｈerthａnｗｈａｔI'mgettingnow,ａndI'ｖeaｌwａyｓwａntｅdｔoｗorkiｎtheＦrenchbranchofoｕｒcompaｎy,butI'ｍwｏrrｉedthatｌivinginPariｓcoｕｌｄｂemoreｅｘpeｎsivethａnｗherｅＩliｖenｏw.Ifthisｉsｔhecａse，perhaｐｓtｈeｉnｃreaseinsａlaｒywon'tmａｋｅabｉgdiffｅrｅｎｃe.CanyｏutellmeanythiｎgabｏutthecｏstofliviｎginＰaris？Tｈankｙou，RaphａｅlDａnielsDeaｒＭr．Ｄaｎiｅls,Ｃongrａt(yī)uｌationsonｒecｅivinｇsｕchaｗondｅrfulemploymentopｐｏrtunitｙ.Liｖingandwｏrｋｉnginaｆｏｒeigｎcｏuｎtｒyisｎotsomethiｎgｔｈatmanｙpeoplegｅttodo.Althｏuｇhitｃanbeａveryｒｅwaｒdｉngexperience,ｉtcanalsobeveｒyexｐensiveｉfyourfｉnaｎcｅsａｒｅnotmanａｇｅdpｒoｐerly.Inthesamewaｙｔhａt(yī)youwillneｅdtｏadjusttoａ'diffｅｒｅｎｔlanｇuａge，cusｔoms，andcukｕrｅ，youwillａlsｏneｅｄtoｄｅvelｏpnewdaiｌyroutｉnｅsａｎdspeｎdingｈabｉts.Thｉｓaspｅctｏfｌiｖinｇａｂroａｄcａnｂedifficultｆorsｏmeｐeoｐlewhomａybetemｐtedtoｌiｖetheｉｒdａilylｉveｓasiｆtｈｅyareoｎvaｃation:ｅaｔｉnｇinfanｃｙreｓtaurants,buｙｉｎgｅxpensiｖｅsouvenｉrs，andgoｉｎgsigｈtseｅiｎg.Itisｎaturaltolｉvｅｌikｅyｏuareoｎvacaｔionｗhｅnmovｉngｔoaforeigｎenvirｏnmｅnt,bｕtitisimｐｏrtantｎｏttogｅｔcarriedaｗay.Estabｌishingａｗｅe(cuò)klyandｍonthlybuｄgetｆorｙｏuｒseｌfisthebｅstwayｔotakｅcoｎtｒoｌofｙoｕrnｅwfｉnａncialsitｕation.Itｍayｂeheｌpfultoｋeeptraｃｋofｙourｓpeｎdinghabｉtｓｆorｔhｅｆirstｗｅｅkｓaftｅryourａrrivaｌandｅstaｂlisｈａbuｄgetｂasedonｔhaｔ.Aｓlongaｓｙoumanaｇｅyｏurｆiｎaｎcesａsyouwouｌdiｆyouwｅｒｅatｈome，liｖingiｎPａriｓshｏuldnotｂｅanyｍorｅｅxpeｎsivethanlivinｇｗhereyｏuarenｏw．Ｉnmyｒｅsearch，theｏｎlytwｏthｉｎgsIfouｎdthaｔｗｅresｉgnifｉcaｎtlｙmoｒeｅxｐeｎsｉｖeinPaｒistｈaniｎChiｃagｏweｒetaxｉfａｒesandhigh-speｅdtrａｉnｓ.Fｏｒｔunatｅly,Ｐarishasanｅxcelleｎt，rathｅrｉnｅxｐensivesubwaｙｓystem.ToviewaｌistofcｏmmoｎFrenｃhitｅmsandtheireｑuivalentprｉcesｉnAmerｉcanｄolｌａrｓ,visiｔ.coｓｔofｌｉvinｅ/varis.Sincerely,Mｓ.AnswersＡsｋAwaｙ.com45．AccordingtoMr.Daｎiel’se-mail，ｗｈatiｓheconceｒｎｅｄabouｔ？A.ＬｉｖiｎgexpenｓesＢ．HisｓalaryC.CｏｍmutinｇtｏworkD．Hisvａcationdays46．WhaｔｄoeｓMs.ＡnｓwｅｒｓsｕgｇeｓtMr.Danielsdo?A.EstablishabudgetB．SpeａkwithhｉｓbosｓC.ＬookattｒaｉnｆaresD.Ｃonsｕlｔaguideｂoｏk47．IｎＭｓ.Answers'e-maiｌ，ｔheｗｏｒd＂track"inpaｒagrａｐh3,ｌine4，iscｌosestiｎmeaningｔoＡ．footsｔepＢ.coverC.recorｄD.roadｗay４8.ＷhatｄoesMs.Ansｗersｓａｙaboｕtthｅsuｂｗａy？A.Ｉtisnｅw.B.Itｉsdirty．C.Itisineｆficｉent.D．Itisinexｐensiｖe．Ｑuestiｏns49ｔｏ5２areｂasedontheｆolｌｏwingpaｓsａge:ＯsｔruｍGＥ,thesecｏndlａrｇｅstpoｗercoｍpａnyintheNordiccounｔｒｉeｓ，oｆfｉcｉaｌｌyｏｐｅnｅditsfｉrstHydrogenEnergyＳtaｔioｎ（HEＳ),wｉthtechｎolｏgyproｄｖideｄbyGｒedlerEnergｙSystｅmｓCｏrｐoratｉon.TｈｅnewstａｔionwｉｌlsupplｙcｌeａｎhydrogenｆueｌｔothreefueｌｃelｌbuseｓaspartｏfthｅprestiｇiｏｕsGrｅｅnEuropeAｄｖancedＴrａnspｏrt(GREAＴ)proｇram.Ｓtｏckｈolｍ（斯德哥爾摩)isoneofｆourGＲEAＴcitiｅｓthatwｉllbeusｉｎgGredlerＥnｅｒgyｈｙdｒogeniｎｆｒaｓtruｃtureprｏductｓ.Mr.PeｔerRｕssell,ChieｆOｐeraｔｉngOｆficerofGreｄlerEｎergy,wasinStoｃkholmｆortheｓtatｉoｎopeniｎgandcｏmmeｎｔed,＂TｈeoｐｅningofthisｓtatｉonｒeｐreｓｅntsthefiｒststepiｎtheintrｏductionｏfａhydｒogeninfrastrｕctｕrｅiｎtheCｉｔyofStocｋholm．OstｒumaｎdtｈeCityofStoｃkhoｌmhａvetakeｎａｎesｓentialsteptoｗardscreaｔｉngapａt(yī)ｈwａｙtｏenvｉrｏnｍｅnｔallysuｓtainablｅurbaｎtransportaｔionsolutｉoｎsandwｅａredelighteｄｔoｂｅpａrｔofthisimｐortanｔmovｅment.＂TheStockhoｌmHESｉｓcoｍpｒiｓeｄofｆｏｕrｍodｕｌes:ｐresｓuriｚedwatｅreｌecｔrolｙsis－basedhydrogengeneratｉｏn,comｐressiｏｎ,hｉｇh-ｐｒessuｒestorａｇeandhydｒogenfｕeldiｓpｅnser.Thesｔatｉoｎiｓcａpａbleofｐroｄucingapｐroxiｍatelｙ120kｇpｅrｄayｏfhigh-purity，hｉgｈ-pressuｒｅhydroｇenusｉnｇGreｄlerEｎergｙ'sｐroｐrietarytechｎｏloｇy.Eachfuｅlｃellbuscarriesapprｏxｉmaｔｅly40kgofhydｒoｇenat350bａr（5,000psi）.ＧｒedleｒＥnｅrgySysｔｅmｓCorｐｏｒatioｎisthｅｗorldｌeadingdｅveｌoperandｓupplieｒoｆintegratｅdｈydrogensoluｔｉons,aｌｌｕsinｇthecoｍpaｎy＇prietaryhｙdrogengeneraｔiｏｎｗａt(yī)ereleｃtroｌysisｔｅcｈｎｏlogyalongｗｉｔhpｒoducｔsfromcorporaｔeｐartnｅrs.49.Whoｗillbeincｈａｒgeofthenｅwhydrogenｅnerｇｙsｔation?A.OｒedlｅrEnergyＳysｔemsB.OstrumＧEＣ.TheGＲEATProgrａmD.ＴhｅＣitｙofStocｋhｏlm50．Howmuchhydroｇenwillｔhenewstaｔionproｄuceeaｃhday?Ａ.４0kgB．1２0kgC.３50barD.5,000ｐsi５1．Theword＂sｕstainaｂlｅ"ｉnpａragrａph2,line５iｓcloｓｅstｉｎｍeaniｎgtoA.ｌｉvａbleB.deliverａbｌeC.ｍaiｎｔainａｂｌeＤ.cｏmbｕstible52．WｈatistrueａboｕtthｅＧREATｐｒoｇraｍ?Ａ.Itoperatｅsinfourcounｔries.Ｂ.ItiｓoperatｅdｂｙthｅＧrｅdlerCorporatiｏｎ.C.Ｉｔpｒｏmｏｔｅstheuｓeofnon-poｌluｔｉｎgｆuels.D.Itstｕdｉeｓｔｈeefｆｅctsoｆhydrogenｏntheatｍospｈｅrｅ.Qｕｅstions53tｏ５6aｒebasedｏntｈefoｌlｏｗiｎｇpaｓsａｇｅ:Therｉｓeofｍulｔinationａlcorporations,globalmaｒketinｇ,nｅwcommunｉcatiｏntｅchnologies,andｓhrinkinｇcultｕｒaldｉffeｒenceshaｖｅleｄtｏanunparalｌeleｄincreaｓeinglobalpｕbｌicreｌatｉｏｎsorＰR.Ｓurprisingly,sｉncｅmodemPRｗａsｌargelｙanAｍericaninvenｔion,ｔhｅU.S.leａｄeｒｓhipinpubliｃrelatioｎsｉsbｅingthreaｔeｎedbｙPReffortsinothｅｒcountｒiｅs.Tｗenｔｙｙeaｒsago,ｆoreｘａmple,ｔｈｅｗorld'stopfivｅpublｉcｒelａt(yī)ｉonsagenｃiｅsweｒｅAmericａn-owned.In2０２3，onｌｙonｅwas．TheBｒｉtｉsｈｉｎparticularａrebecomｉnｇmoｒｅｓｏpｈistｉcateｄandcreａt(yī)ｉｖｅ.AreｃentsｕrveyｆounｄｔhaｔmoretｈanｈalｆofaｌlBritishｃompaniesｉncludePRaｓｐartoftheircorpｏratｅplaｎｎiｎgactivitｉes,comparedｔoabｏutonethirdｏfＵ.S．comｐanies.ItmaｙnoｔｂelonｇbｅforeLｏndonｒeplａcesNewYｏrkａｓｔhｅcapiｔaｌｏｆPＲ.WhyｉsＡｍeriｃalaｇgｉｎgbehindinｔheglobａlＰＲrace？Fｉrｓｔ,Amerｉcａｎｓasaｗhoｌｅtenｄtobeｆaｉrｌyprovｉnciaｌaｎdtakemoreｏfaninterestｉnlocａlafｆaｉｒs.Kｎowlｅｄgeofwｏrldgeography,foｒexamｐle,hasneveｒbeenstｒongiｎtｈiｓｃountrｙ．Secｏnｄly,AｍericanｓlａgbeｈindtheirEuｒｏpeaｎandAsiancｏuｎterpartsｉnｋnowiｎgaｓecｏndｌａnguａge．Ｌｅsstｈan5percｅｎtoｆBｕrson－Maｒｓhａlｌ'sＵ.S.eｍｐｌoyｅｅｓknowtwolangｕaｇes.OgｉlvyanｄMatｈerｈasabｏuｔtｈeｓamepｅrcentaｇe．Ｃｏnverｓely,ｓomeEｕropeanfiｒmsｈａvehalfofmorｅｏfｔhｅirempｌoyeesfluentｉnasecoｎdlanｇｕagｅ．Finaｌｌy，ｐeｏplｅinｖolvｅdｉnPRabroadｔenｄtokｅe(cuò)ｐacｌoｓerｅyｅｏｎｉnｔerｎaｔionaｌaffａirｓ.IｎthefｉｎaｎcialPRarea,forｉｎstａnce,moｓtＡmericansｒｅadtheWalｌSｔreeｔJournal.Ｏｖｅrseaｓ,ｔｈｅircｏｕnｔｅrpartsreaｄtheJｏurnalasweｌlaｓtheＦｉnancｉａlTｉmesofLondｏnａndＴhｅＥｃｏnoｍiｓｔ,pｕblicationsnotofｔenｒｅadintｈiscountry.PｅｒhaｐstheＰＲindusｔrｙmｉghttakeａlessonfromTedＴu(píng)ｒｎｅrofCＮN.Tｕrnerrｅcentlyａnnouncｅdthaｔthewoｒd＂ｆoｒeign"wouｌｄnolongerbｅusedonCNNneｗsbｒｏａdｃasｔ．AccordｉｎgｔoTuｒnｅr,glｏbaｌcommuniｃatioｎshavemadetｈｅnａt(yī)ionsofｔｈeworldｓerｄepeｎdenｔtｈatｔｈereｉsnoｌongeｒanyｓuchthｉｎgasforｅign.5３.Acｃoｒｄｉngtｏthｅｐassage,Ｕ.S.lｅａｄershipinｐuｂlicrelatiｏnｓiｓｂeｉngtｈreaｔenedbecauseofA.anunpaｒallｅlｅdinｃreasｅinthｅnｕmbeｒofｐublicrelaｔionsｃｏmpaniesB.inｃｒeａｓedefｆorｔsｏｆoｔherｃｏuntrｉesinpublicrelatiｏnｓC.shrｉｎkｉngｃulｔuralｄｉffeｒencesanｄｎeｗcommuniｃａt(yī)iｏnｓtechnologiesD.thedeｃｒｅasingnuｍberofmulｔiｎaｔiｏｎａlcorporatｉoｎsinｔhｅU．S.54.Thewoｒｄ＂pｒoviｎciａl＂(Linｅ2，Para.3)mostpｒｏbablymeanｓ__A.limitedinｏutｌｏokB．likepeopleｆｒoｍtheproｖincesＣ.rｉgidiｎｔhinｋinｇD.ｉntｅｒestedinworldfinanｃiａｌａffａirs55．Weleaｒnｆromtheｔｈｉrdparａgraphtｈatemｐｌoｙｅe(cuò)sintｈｅＡmeｒicanPRｉnｄuｓtryA.speakaｔleａｓtonefｏｒeiｇnlａｎguａgeｆluenｔｌyＢ.arenｏtａｓsopｈisｔiｃatedａｓtｈeirEuropeaｎcountｅｒｐaｒtsC.ａreｉgnoranｔaboutworldgｅoｇraphyD.ｅnｊoｙreadingaｇｒeatｖarｉetｙoｆEnｇlｉsｈbuｓinesｓｐｕblicａt(yī)ioｎs５６.WhaｔleｓsonmigｈtｔhePＲindｕsｔｒｙtakｅfｒomTeｄTuｒnｅrｏfCＮN?A.AｍeriｃanPＲcｏｍpａnieｓshouｌdbemoｒeinｔernaｔiｏnallｙ－ｍiｎded.B.ＴheAmeｒｉcａnPRindｕstrｙshoulｄdeｖelopglobalcommunicａt(yī)iｏntecｈnolｏｇies．C.PeｏｐlｅwｏrkinｇiｎPRshouldbemｏreflｕenｔｉnｆoｒeigｎlaｎgｕage．D.PeopleiｎvｏｌvｅｄiｎＰRshouldavｏiｄusｉngthｅwoｒd"ｆoreign"Queｓtｉons57to60arebasedontｈefolｌowiｎgpaｓｓaｇe:OntｈenightofAugust1７,1959，atａboｕｔ2０ｍinｕｔesｂefｏremidｎｉght,theｇrouｎｄiｎthｅviｃinityｏfYｅllｏwsｔｏneＴhisearthqｕakeneａrYellowstonｅＰａrｋｗasjｕstｏnｅoｆneaｒlyamｉlliｏntｈａt(yī)happeｎeveryyearalｌovertheworld.Andasbadａsｔｈisqｕａkewａs,manyhavebｅe(cuò)ｎworse．EarｔｈqｕakeexｐertsｓａｙｔhaｔtｈeＹellowｓtｏnequakeoｆ19５9wasａbｏutasbadａｓtｈeonｅwhｉcｈhi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