新教材高中英語UNIT8GREENLIVINGSectionⅠTopicTalkLesson1學(xué)案北師大版

SectionⅠTopicTalk&Lesson1Ⅰ.匹配詞義A．單詞匹配()1.electricity A．n.基礎(chǔ)；地基()2.firm B．n.樹根()3.institute C．a(chǎn)dj.堅(jiān)實(shí)的；穩(wěn)固的()4.foundation D．n.電()5.root E．n.機(jī)構(gòu)；研究院[答案]1－5DCEABB．短語匹配()1.makeadifference A．盡自己所能做某事()2.notbebotheredtodosth. B．致力于()3.takeaction C．起作用；產(chǎn)生重大影響()4.domypartforsth. D．懶得做某事()5.becommittedto E．采取行動(dòng)[答案]1－5CDEABⅡ.默寫單詞1．smogn. 霧霾2．oceann. 海洋，大海3．extinctionn. 滅絕4．transportn. 交通運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)，運(yùn)輸方式5．recyclevi.&vt. 再利用，回收利用6．flatn. 一套公寓房，一套住房adj. 平坦的7．shootn. 芽，苗；嫩枝vt. 射中；射擊8．brickn. 磚，磚塊9．desertn. 沙漠10．carbonn. 碳Ⅰ.語境填詞desert；balance；recycle；battery；foundation；extinction；firm；transport；institute；global1．Weshouldrecyclegarbage，notburnit.2．Respectandloveprovideasolidfoundationformarriage.3．Ifyouhavetoclimbup，useafirmplatformorasturdyladder.4．Thereisamiddleschoolattachedtotheinstitute．5．Weneedtotakeamoreglobalapproachtotheproblem.6．Trytokeepabalancebetweenworkandrelaxation.7．Anefficienttransportsystemiscriticaltothelong-termfutureofLondon.8．Theyhavedriventherhinototheedgeofextinction．9．Thevehicleshavebeenmodifiedtosuitconditionsinthedesert．10．Themaninthegaragesaidhewouldchargeupmycarbattery．Ⅱ.語法填空之派生詞1．Climatechangeisaterribleproblemanditabsolutely(absolute)needstobesolved.2．Willglobal(globe)warmingmeanthespreadoftropicalparasiticdiseases?3．Thegovernment'sindustrial(industry)policyhasbeenfiercelyattackedbytheleft.4．Mostofusneedtoleadmorebalanced(balance)livestobehealthyandhappy.5．Allthishashappenedbecauseyoucouldn'tbebothered(bother)togivemethemessage.6．Fruitjuicescanbeharmful(harm)tochildren'steeth.7．Itisnowfirmly(firm)establishedasoneoftheleadingbrandsinthecountry.8．Weneedtoexamineallthecostsinvolved(involve)intheprojectfirst.1．Well，sayyouleavethetaprunningwhileyoubrushyourteeth，leavealightonwhenyougooutoryoudropapieceoflitterandcan'tbebotheredtopickitup.比方說你刷牙的時(shí)候讓水嘩嘩地流，外出的時(shí)候不關(guān)燈，或者掉了一塊垃圾卻懶得撿起來。2．Toinspireyoungpeopletotakeactionfortheenvironment，animalsandtheircommunity，Roots&Shootswasestablished.為了鼓勵(lì)年輕人對(duì)環(huán)境、動(dòng)物及其社區(qū)采取行動(dòng)，建立了“根和芽”組織。3．TheorganisationiscalledRoots&Shootsbecauserootsmoveslowlyunderthegroundtomakeafirmfoundation，andshootsseemsmallandweak，buttheycanbreakopenbrickwallstoreachthelight.這個(gè)組織被稱為“根和芽”，因?yàn)闃涓诘叵戮徛苿?dòng)以形成堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)，而嫩枝看起來又小又弱，但它們可以打破磚墻，以達(dá)到光明。4．Hundredsandthousandsofrootsandshootscansolvetheproblems，changetheworldandmakeitabetterplacetolivein.成百上千的根和芽可以解決問題，改變世界，使之成為一個(gè)更適合居住的地方。5．That'swhatRoots&Shootsisallabout：thevalueandimportanceofeachindividual—human，animalorplant.這就是“根和芽”的全部意義：每個(gè)人、動(dòng)物或植物的價(jià)值和重要性。名師圈點(diǎn)①sufferfrom患有；遭受②just-me-ism以自我為中心③brushvt.刷凈；刷亮④littern．垃圾⑤notbebotheredtodosth.懶得做某事⑥sowhat那又怎么樣⑦millionsof數(shù)百萬⑧mattervi.要緊；有影響⑨anywayadv.無論如何；不管怎么樣⑩gallonn．加侖?harmfuladj.有害的；可致傷害的?takeaction采取行動(dòng)；采取措施?establishvt.建立；確立?instituten．機(jī)構(gòu)；研究院?JaneGoodall珍·古道爾——世界上擁有極高聲譽(yù)的動(dòng)物學(xué)家，致力于野生動(dòng)物的研究、教育和保護(hù)。她二十多歲時(shí)前往非洲的原始森林，為了觀察黑猩猩，度過了三十八年的野外生涯。她奔走于世界各地，呼吁人們保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物、保護(hù)地球環(huán)境。?chimpanzeen．黑猩猩?whole-heartedlyadv.全心全意地；一心一意地?becommittedto致力于?secureadj.安全的?firmadj.堅(jiān)實(shí)的；穩(wěn)固的eq\o(○,\s\up2(21))foundationn．基礎(chǔ)；地基eq\o(○,\s\up2(22))brickn．磚；磚塊eq\o(○,\s\up2(23))wagvt.&vi.(狗)搖(尾巴)eq\o(○,\s\up2(24))thirstyadj.渴的；饑渴的eq\o(○,\s\up2(25))individualn．個(gè)人eq\o(○,\s\up2(26))makeadifference起作用；產(chǎn)生重大影響原文呈現(xiàn)ROOTS&SHOOTSMostpeoplesufferfrom①whatisknownas“Just-me-ism”②.Whatisthat？Well，sayyouleavethetaprunningwhileyoubrush③yourteeth，leavealightonwhenyougooutoryoudropapieceoflitter④andcan'tbebotheredto⑤pickitup.Youknowthatallthosethingsarewrong，butsowhat⑥？“Whatdifferencecanitpossiblymake？”yousaytoyourself.“Therearemillionsof⑦peopleintheworldandI'mjustme.Howcanitmatter⑧ifIleaveonelittletaprunning，onelittlelightonorleavealittlepieceoflitterontheroad？Andanyway⑨，noonewillknow.”O(jiān)fcourse，itwouldn'tmatteriftherewerejustafewpeopleintheworld.Butjustthinkofallthemillionsofpeoplesayi，anyway，nooneknows.”Millionsofgallons⑩ofwaterwouldbewasted；millionsoflightswouldbelefton；millionsofpiecesoflitterwouldbedropped.Andallofthiswouldbeveryharmful?.Toinspireyoungpeopletotakeaction?fortheenvironment，animalsandtheircommunity，Roots&Shootswasestablished?.Thisinstitute?wassetupintheearly1990sbyDr.JaneGoodall?，ascientistwho'stheworld'sbest-knownexpertonwildchimpanzees?.Inadditiontoherresearch，shehasbeenwhole-heartedly?committedto?environmentalprotection.ThewholepurposeofRoots&Shootsistoeducateyoungpeople，frompre-schoolerstouniversitystudents，sotheycanhelptobuildafuturethatissecure?andlivetogetherinpeacewithnature.TheorganisationiscalledRoots&Shootsbecauserootsmoveslowlyunderthegroundtomakeafirm?foundationeq\o\ac(○,21)，andshootsseemsmallandweak，buttheycanbreakopenbrickeq\o\ac(○,22)wallstoreachthelight.Therootsandshootsareyou，yourfriendsandyoungpeopleallaroundtheworld.Hundredsandthousandsofrootsandshootscansolvetheproblems，changetheworldandmakeitabetterplacetolivein.Doyouthinkyouhelptomaketheworldabetterplacewhenyoumakeasadpersonsmile，whenyoumakeadogwageq\o\ac(○,23)itstail，andwhenyouwaterathirstyeq\o\ac(○,24)plant？Onecheered-upperson，onehappydog，onefloweringplant，andyou.That'swhatRoots&Shootsisallabout：thevalueandimportanceofeachindividualeq\o\ac(○,25)—human，animalorplant.Dr.JaneGoodallbelievesthatthemostimportantthingisthat：“Everyindividualmatters.Everyindividualhasaroletoplay.Everyindividualmakesadifferenceeq\o\ac(○,26).”Yougettochoose：Doyouwanttouseyourlifetomaketheworldabetterplaceforpeople，animalsandtheenvironment？DoyouwanttomakeRoots&Shootsrootedineveryone'sheart？Doyouwanttobeapartofacommunityforasharedfuture？Youcannotbeabsent.譯文參考根和芽大多數(shù)人都患有所謂的“唯我主義”。那是什么？比方說你刷牙的時(shí)候讓水嘩嘩地流，外出的時(shí)候不關(guān)燈，或者掉了一塊垃圾卻懶得撿起來。你知道所有這些都是錯(cuò)的，但那又怎樣？“有什么影響嗎？”你對(duì)自己說?！笆澜缟嫌袛?shù)百萬人，我只是我。如果我讓一個(gè)小水龍頭開著，一盞小燈點(diǎn)著，一小塊垃圾留在路上，那又有什么關(guān)系呢？不管怎樣，沒人會(huì)知道的?！碑?dāng)然，如果世界上只有幾個(gè)人也沒關(guān)系。但想想所有數(shù)百萬人對(duì)自己說：“沒關(guān)系。只有我。而且，無論如何，沒人知道?！睌?shù)百萬加侖的水會(huì)被浪費(fèi)掉，數(shù)百萬盞燈會(huì)一直亮著，數(shù)百萬塊垃圾會(huì)被丟棄，這一切將是非常有害的。為了鼓勵(lì)年輕人對(duì)環(huán)境、動(dòng)物及其社區(qū)采取行動(dòng)，建立了“根和芽”組織。這個(gè)研究所是由世界上最著名的野生黑猩猩專家、科學(xué)家珍·古道爾博士在20世紀(jì)90年代初建立的。除了自己的科研，她還全身心地投入環(huán)保事業(yè)。“根和芽”的全部目的是教育年輕人，從學(xué)前兒童到大學(xué)生，使他們能夠幫助建設(shè)一個(gè)安全的未來，并與自然和平共處。這個(gè)組織被稱為“根和芽”，因?yàn)闃涓诘叵戮徛苿?dòng)以形成堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)，而嫩枝看起來又小又弱，但它們可以打破磚墻，以達(dá)到光明。根和芽是你和你的朋友以及全世界的年輕人。成百上千的根和芽可以解決問題，改變世界，使之成為一個(gè)更適合居住的地方。當(dāng)你讓一個(gè)悲傷的人微笑時(shí)，你認(rèn)為你有助于使世界變得更美好嗎？當(dāng)你讓狗搖尾巴的時(shí)候？當(dāng)你給干渴的植物澆水時(shí)？一個(gè)振作起來的人，一只快樂的狗，一棵開花的植物，還有你。這就是“根和芽”的全部意義：每個(gè)人、動(dòng)物或植物的價(jià)值和重要性。珍·古道爾博士認(rèn)為，最重要的是：“每個(gè)人都很重要。每個(gè)人都有自己的角色。每個(gè)人都起重要作用?！蹦憧梢赃x擇：你想用你的生命讓世界變得對(duì)人、動(dòng)物和環(huán)境更美好嗎？你想讓“根和芽”扎根于每個(gè)人的心中嗎？你想成為分享未來的社會(huì)的一分子嗎？你不可能缺席。速讀P31教材課文，完成下列任務(wù)Ⅰ.閱讀判斷判斷下列句子提供的信息是正確，還是錯(cuò)誤，還是沒有提及。1．Itdoesn'tmattertodropapieceoflitter.A．Right.B．Wrong.C．Notmentioned.2．Roots&Shootswasestablishedtoinspirepeopletotakemeasurestoprotecttheenvironment.A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Notmentioned.3．JaneGoodallisascientistandexpertonwildchimpanzees.A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Notmentioned.4．Accordingtothepassage，rootscanbreakobstaclestoreachlight.A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Notmentioned.5．Roots&Shootslaysstressonthevalueofeachindividual.A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Notmentioned.[答案]1－5BAABAⅡ.補(bǔ)全信息選擇正確選項(xiàng)填入空白處，補(bǔ)全所給句子提供的信息。A．who'stheworld'sbest-knownexpertonwildchimpanzeesB．thatissecureandlivetogetherinpeacewithnatureC．whatisknownas“Just-me-ism”D．whileyoubrushyourteethE．iftherewerejustafewpeopleintheworld1．Mostpeoplesufferfrom．2．Well，sayyouleavethetaprunning．3．Itwouldn'tmatter．4．Thisinstitutewassetupintheearly1990sbyDr.JaneGoodall，ascientist．5．ThewholepurposeofRoots&Shootsistoeducateyoungpeople，frompre-schoolerstouniversitystudents，sotheycanhelptobuildafuture．[答案]1－5CDEABⅢ.表格填空ROOTS&SHOOTSJust-me-ismLeavethetap1.runningwhileyoubrushyourteeth；Leavealight2.onwhenyougoout；Dropapieceof3.litterbutdonotpickitup.TheestablishmentofitJaneGoodall，whoisthebest-knownexpertonwild4.chimpanzees，setupRoots&Shoots.Itspurposeistoeducateyoungpeopletohelptobuilda5.futurethatissecureandlivetogetherinpeacewithnature.The6.reasonforitsnameRootsmoveslowlyunderthegroundtomakeafirm7.foundation.Shootsseemsmallandweak，buttheycanbreakopenbrickwallstoreachthe8.light.Hundredsandthousandsofrootsandshootscansolvetheproblems,changetheworldandmakeit9.abetterplacetolivein.Whatisitabout？Thevalueandimportanceofeach10.individual—human，animalorplant.細(xì)讀P31教材課文，完成下列任務(wù)Ⅰ.主旨匹配1．Part1(Para.1) A．Themeaningofitsname.2．Part2(Para.2) B．Whatis“Just-me-ism”？3．Part3(Paras.3～4)C．TheestablishmentofRoots &Shoots.[答案]1－3BCAⅡ.單項(xiàng)選擇1．Accordingtothepassage，whichisnotaphenomenonabout“Just-me-ism”？A．Leavingthetaprunningwhileyoubrushyourteeth.B．Droppingapieceoflitter.C．Sufferingfromadisease.D．Leavingalightonwhenyougoout.2．Accordingtothepassage，JaneGoodalldidmanythingsexcept．A．foundingRoots&ShootsB．beingcommittedtoenvironmentalprotectionC．educatingyoungstudentsD．researchingwildchimpanzees3．WhatdoesJaneGoodallmeanbysaying“Everyindividualmatters.”？A．Everypersoncansolvedifficultmatters.B．Everypersoncanmakeadifferencetomaketheworldabetterplace.C．Everypersoncanfoundhisownorganisation.D．Everypersoncandotheirownresearch.4．What'sthepurposeofRoots&Shoots?A．Toeducateoldpeople.B．Toeducateyoungpeople.C．Toeducatemiddle-agedpeople.D．Toeducatechildren.[答案]1－4CCBBⅢ.讀后續(xù)寫/概要寫作微技能A．閱讀課文中含有描述觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度的語句。1．It'sjustme.2．Everyindividualhasaroletoplay.3．Everyindividualmakesadifference.B．判斷下列語句中哪些不是描述觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度的語句。1．Mostpeoplesufferfromwhatisknownas“Just-me-ism”．2．HowcanitmatterifIleaveonelittletaprunning?3．Therootsandshootsareyou，yourfriends...[答案]1，31．industryn．工業(yè)；生產(chǎn)制造→industrialadj.工業(yè)的2．balancen．平衡→balancedadj.平衡的；均衡的3．bothervt.使(某人)煩惱(或擔(dān)憂、不安)；給(某人)造成麻煩(或痛苦)；打擾；→botheredadj.擔(dān)心的；煩惱的4．firmadj.堅(jiān)實(shí)的；穩(wěn)固的→firmlyadv.堅(jiān)實(shí)地；穩(wěn)固地5．involvevt.參與；包含→involvedadj.作為一部分；有關(guān)聯(lián)；關(guān)注；關(guān)系密切firmadj.堅(jiān)實(shí)的；穩(wěn)固的；強(qiáng)硬的；牢固的n．公司；商號(hào)v.使強(qiáng)壯；(股票、物價(jià)等)穩(wěn)步上漲①Bakethecakesuntiltheyarefirmtothetouch. adj.堅(jiān)實(shí)的；穩(wěn)固的②Aforeignfirmhasboughtthesharesinhiscompany. n.公司③Thisproductclaimstofirmyourbodyinsixweeks. v.使強(qiáng)壯④Weneedtotakeafirmlineontobaccoadvertising. adj.強(qiáng)硬的⑤ThisbookwillgiveyourstudentsafirmgraspofEnglishgrammar. adj.牢固的WordsandPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)1)balancen．平衡；天平v.保持平衡；權(quán)衡(教材P28)maintainingthebalancebetweenhumanandnature保持人與自然的平衡[例1]Istruggledtokeepmybalanceonmynewskates.我穿著新溜冰鞋，努力保持平衡。[例2]Howlongcanyoubalanceononeleg?你單腿能站多久？[造句]政府得找到某種方法來平衡這兩種需求。Thegovernmenthastofindsomewaytobalancethesetwoneeds.[知識(shí)拓展](1)keepthebalanceofnature 保持自然界的平衡apairofbalance 一副天平beoutofbalance 失去平衡lose/keepone'sbalance 失去/保持平衡onbalance 權(quán)衡之后，總的來說(2)balancedadj. 保持平衡的；顯示平衡的(3)balancesth.againststh. 權(quán)衡；斟酌；比較[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Weshouldkeepthebalanceofnature.②Thekeyistodevelopabalanced(balance)andvariedprogramthatisfunaswellasprogressive.③Onbalance，weremaincautiousabouttheprospectsforUSequities.④Youhavetobalancetheadvantagesoflivinginabigcityagainstthedisadvantages.[小片段助記]Onbalance,sheisoneofthebestplayersonthebalancebeam.Tokeepherfigure,shehasabalanceddietinherdailylife.Atonetime,inonecompetition,shelostherbalanceandfailedinthecompetition.eq\a\vs4\al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)2)botheredadj.擔(dān)心的；煩惱的(教材P30)Dropapieceoflitterandcan'tbebotheredtopickitup.丟了垃圾就懶得撿了。[例1]Ijustcan'tbebotheredtolookafterthehouse.我就是不想費(fèi)事照看這所房子。[例2]Icouldn'tbebotheredtogothroughtherigmaroleofchangingclothes.我不想再費(fèi)事兒換衣服了。[造句]我懶得化妝。Ican'tbebotheredtomakeupmyface.[知識(shí)拓展](1)bebotheredtodo 費(fèi)心做某事(2)bothervt. 打擾；煩擾n. 麻煩；不便bother 為某事打擾或麻煩某人botheraboutsth. 為某事煩惱bothertodosth. 特意/特地做某事havemuchbother(in)doingsth. 做某事有麻煩/費(fèi)勁[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Idon'twanttobotherherwith/aboutmyproblemsatthemoment.②Touristsdonotneedtobotherabouttransportationandlunch.③Ihadnobother(in)finding(find)yourhouse.eq\a\vs4\al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)3)harmfuladj.有害的；可致傷害的(教材P31)Andallofthiswouldbeveryharmful.這一切將是非常有害的。[例1]Manyhouseholdproductsarepotentiallyharmful.很多家用產(chǎn)品有潛在的害處。[例2]Thenewdrughasprovedtohaveharmfulsideeffects.這種新藥有副作用。[造句]凡是損害公共利益的行為，都應(yīng)該制止。Anyconductharmfultothepublicinterestmustnotbepermitted.[知識(shí)拓展](1)beharmfulto... 對(duì)……有害(2)harmn. 損害，傷害vt. 傷害，損害＝doharmtosb.對(duì)某人有害Thereisnoharmindoingsth. 不妨做某事itdoesnoharmtodosth. 不妨做某事[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Itdoesnoharmtothinktwicebeforebuyingtheproductsadvertisedbythestars.②Doyouthinkthatworkwithoutrestwilldoharmtoyourhealth?③Thereisnoharminusing(use)theenvironmentallyfriendlyproducts.[小片段助記]Plasticisharmfultotheenvironment.Theharmmaynotberealisedbymostpeople,butitdoesdoharmtouseverywhere.eq\a\vs4\al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)4)becommittedto投入；承擔(dān)；致力于；完全旨在(教材P31)Inadditiontoherresearch，shehasbeenwhole-heartedlycommittedtoenvironmentalprotection.除了自己的科研，她還全身心地投入環(huán)保事業(yè)。[例1]Allofus，myselfincluded，havebeentotallycommittedtotheParty.我們大家，包括我本人在內(nèi)，一直都對(duì)黨絕對(duì)忠誠。[例2]Thegovernmentiscommittedtoprotectingtheinterestsoftenants.政府承諾保護(hù)租戶們的利益。[造句]那位醫(yī)生致力于實(shí)用醫(yī)學(xué)。Thedoctorwas/iscommittedtopracticalmedicine.[知識(shí)拓展]commitvt. 投入，犯(罪)；做(錯(cuò)事等)； 把……委托于，交付commitsb./oneselfto(doing)sth. 承諾某人/自己(做)某事commitsb./oneselftodosth. 承諾某人/自己做某事committo... 忠于……，全身心地投入……commitacrime 犯罪commitsuicide 自殺[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①ThePresidentiscommittedtoreforming(reform)healthcare.②Hecommittedhimself(him)tothestudyofplants.[名師點(diǎn)津]commitoneselfto(doing)sth.表示“專心致志于……”，to是介詞，后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。eq\a\vs4\al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)5)makeadifference起作用；產(chǎn)生重大影響(教材P31)Everyindividualmakesadifference.每個(gè)人都起重要作用。[例1]IbelievedthatIcanmakeadifferenceinthisworld.我堅(jiān)信世界一定會(huì)因我而不同。[例2]NothingIsayisgoingtomakeadifferencewithyou.我說的話對(duì)你來說沒有什么影響。[造句]你的支持肯定對(duì)我的事業(yè)很有影響。Yoursupportwillcertainlymakeadifferenceinmycause.[知識(shí)拓展]makesomedifference 有一些影響/關(guān)系makenodifference 沒有影響；無所謂makeanydifference 有……區(qū)別[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Itwillmakenodifference(different)whetheryougoornot.②Whetheritrainsornotmakesnodifferencetome.eq\a\vs4\al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)6)involvevt.參與；包含(教材P31)Itisbyactingtogether，inthisexcitingway，thatwecaninvolvethousands—millions—ofpeople，andthisiswhatisgoingtochangetheworld.正是通過共同行動(dòng)，以這種令人興奮的方式，我們才能讓成千上萬的人參與進(jìn)來，這將改變世界。[例1]Thetestwillinvolveansweringquestionsaboutaphotograph.考試將包括回答一些關(guān)于一張照片的問題。[例2]Therewasaseriousincidentinvolvingagroupofyouths.有一起涉及一群年輕人的嚴(yán)重事件。[造句]父母應(yīng)當(dāng)參與孩子的教育。Parentsshouldinvolvethemselvesintheirchild'seducation.[知識(shí)拓展]involvedoingsth. 包含/需要做某事involvesb.in(doing)sth. (使)參加，加入be/getinvolvedin 參加，參與；專心于beinvolvedwith... 與……關(guān)系密切[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Trytoinvolveasmanychildrenaspossibleinthegame.②Paintingtheroominvolvedmoving(move)outthepiano.③IfIwereyou，Iwouldn'tgetinvolvedintheirproblems.eq\a\vs4\al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)7)absentadj.缺席；不在v.缺席(教材P31)Youcannotbeabsent.你不可能缺席。[例1]Lovewastotallyabsentfromhischildhood.他童年時(shí)沒有得到絲毫關(guān)愛。[例2]Heabsentedhimselffromthemeetingyesterday.他昨天沒有出席會(huì)議。[造句]他病了，這是他缺席的原因。Heisill.That'swhyheisabsent.[知識(shí)拓展](1)beabsentfrom... 不參加……；缺席……(2)intheabsenceofsb.＝inone'sabsence 某人不在時(shí)absenceofmind 心不在焉[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Itwashisabsence(absent)ofmindduringdrivingthatresultedinaterribleaccident.②However，learningEnglishasaforeignlanguageisverydifficultintheabsenceofanativelanguageenvironment.③Hewasabsentfromtheconferenceyesterdaybecauseofhissuddenheartdisease.SentencePatternseq\a\vs4\al(重點(diǎn)句式1)leave...doing...句型(教材P31)Well，sayyouleavethetaprunningwhileyoubrushyourteeth...比方說你在刷牙的時(shí)候讓水嘩嘩地流……[句式分析]本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，句中while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句；running是現(xiàn)在分詞，作leave的賓語補(bǔ)足語。[例1]Don'tleaveherwaitingoutsideintherain.不要讓她一直在外面雨里等。[例2]Thenewsleftmewonderingwhatwouldhappennext.這個(gè)消息使我想知道接著會(huì)發(fā)生什么事情。[造句]他們一起出去了，留下我自己坐在那里。Theywentofftogetherandleftmesittingthere.[知識(shí)拓展](sth.) 使某人/物正做(某事)leavesth.done 讓/使某事被做leavesb./sth.＋n./adj./adv./介詞短語 使某人/物成為或止于某種狀態(tài)[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Accidentsleftthepolicerunning(run)fromoneplacetoanother.②Theylaiddownthelittlehero，leavinghisfaceexposed(expose)．③Hisparentsdied，leaving(leave)himanorphan.eq\a\vs4\al(重點(diǎn)句式2)“make＋賓語＋賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)(教材P31)Hundredsandthousandsofrootsandshootscansolvetheproblems，changetheworldandmakeitabetterplacetolivein．成百上千的根和芽可以解決問題，改變世界，使之成為一個(gè)更適合居住的地方。[句式分析]本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，makeitabetterplacetolivein是“make＋賓語＋賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，此處用名詞作賓補(bǔ)；tolivein作定語修飾abetterplace。[例1]Wemadehimcaptainofourfootballteam.我們推選他作我們足球隊(duì)的隊(duì)長。[例2]Ifyouwon'tdoitwillingly，I'llmakeyoudoit!你如果不愿意做那件事，我會(huì)強(qiáng)迫你去做！[造句]我們選他當(dāng)班長。Wemadehimourmonitor.[知識(shí)拓展]在“make＋賓語＋賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)中除了形容詞可以作賓語補(bǔ)足語外，不定式、過去分詞、介詞短語、名詞或名詞短語都可以作賓語補(bǔ)足語。[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Hetriestomakehisideasknown(know)．②Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesistercry，todayhewasmadetocry(cry)byhislittlesister.教材高考1....youdropapieceoflitterandcan'tbebotheredtopickitup.(2020·江蘇卷)Thequestionofwhatweknowanddonotknowconstantlybotheredme.2.Andallofthiswouldbeveryharmful.(2020·全國卷Ⅰ)Theseincludeplantsthathavesensorsprintedontotheirleavestoshowwhenthey'reshortofwaterandaplantthatcandetectharmfulchemicalsingroundwater.3.Everyindividualmakesadifference.(2020·浙江卷)...othersaresojammedthatonlyasharpreductioninthenumberofcarsontheroadwillmakeameaningfuldifference.4.Itisbyactingtogether,inthisexcitingway,thatwecaninvolvethousands—millions—ofpeople,andthisiswhatisgoingtochangetheworld.(2020·天津卷)Asanyyoungerbrotherwilltellyou,havingabigbrotherinvolvesalotofwalkinginsomeoneelse'sshadow...Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．EverydayIammadetohave(have)aneggandsomemilk.2．Herremarksleftmewondering(wonder)herpurpose.3．First，shetoldthemhowthestudentmadeadifferencetoherandtheclass.4．Hecommittedhimself(him)tothecauseofmodernizingthecountry'sindustry.5．Doctorscannotbebotheredtoexplain(explain)whattheydo.6．Ibelieveyouknowthatsmokingisharmful(harm)tohealth.7．Theirmissilesareviewedasadefensiveanddeterrentforce.8．Theprogrammepresentedabalanced(balance)viewofthetwosidesoftheconflict.9．Theyweremoreconcernedwithhowtheotherwomenhaddressedthaninwhatthespeakerwassaying.10．SomepeopletriedtostopthefightbutIdidn'twanttogetinvolved(involve)．Ⅱ.短語填空notbebotheredtodo；takeaction；allaroundtheworld；makeadifference；becommittedto1．Theseaairhasmadeadifferencetoherhealth.2．Iammakingnewfriendswithbeautifulsoulsallaroundtheworld．3．Thegroupwascommittedtoachievingitsaimsthroughpeacefulmeans.4．Thefirementookactionimmediatelytostoptheforestfirespreading.5．ThegrassneedscuttingbutIamnotbotheredtodoittoday.Ⅲ.課文語法填空Mostpeoplesufferfrom“Just-me-ism”．Youleavethetap1.running(run)whileyoubrushyourteeth，leavealightonwhenyougooutanddropapieceoflitter2.butnotpickitup，whichis3.harmful(harm)toourworld.JaneGoodall，4.whoisbest-knownforwildchimpanzees，setupRoots&Shoots.Itspurposeis5.toeducate(educate)youngpeopletohelptobuildafuturethatissecureandlivetogetherinpeace6.withnature.Rootsmove7.slowly(slow)underthegroundtomakeafirmfoundation，andshootsseemsmallandweak，buttheycanbreakopenbrickwallstoreachthelight.Hundredsandthousandsofrootsandshootscansolvetheproblems，changetheworldandmakeitabetterplace8.tolive(live)in.Roots&Shootsisallabout：thevalueand9.importance(important)ofeachindividual—human，animalorplant.JaneGoodallbelievesthateveryindividualhasaroletoplayandeveryindividualmakesa10.difference(different)．v．-ing和v.-ed作定語、狀語和補(bǔ)足語[觀察例句]1．Theexperiencegainedwillbeofgreatvalueandimportanceforallofus.2．TheyoungsittingbetweenmysisterandmybrotherismycousinJack.3．Lookingoutofthewindow，Isawawomanwalkinginthestreet.4．Askedwhyhewaslate，hecried.5．Wesawthemwalkingacrosstheroad.6．Ifoundmyhometownalmostcompletelyrebuilt.[歸納用法]一、分詞和分詞短語作定語分詞作定語時(shí)，如果分詞只是一個(gè)單詞，那么，該分詞通常位于其所修飾的名詞之前；有時(shí)單個(gè)的分詞用作定語也可以放在所修飾的名詞之后，這多半是因?yàn)樵撁~或代詞不適合作前置定語，或者為了動(dòng)作的暫時(shí)性。如果是分詞短語，那么，該短語就位于其所修飾的名詞之后，它的作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。分詞作定語時(shí)，被分詞所修飾的名詞就是該分詞的邏輯主語。但現(xiàn)在分詞與邏輯主語之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所表示的動(dòng)作一般與句中謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生；而過去分詞則表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所表示的動(dòng)作一般發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之前或同時(shí)發(fā)生。Wedidn'treachanyagreementontheproblemdiscussed.Thisisreallyanexhaustingdaytoallofus!Moreandmoredevelopingcountriesestablishedstrategicpartnershipwithdevelopedcountries.Helikestodrinkcoldboiledwater.Themansittinginthecornerismybrother.(＝Themanwhoissittinginthecornerismybrother.)[即學(xué)即練1]單句語法填空①Wecanseethepartofthemoonlighted(light)bysunlight.②Mostofthepeopleinvited(invite)tothepartydidnotcome.③Thepeopleworking(work)withmetreatmeliketheirfriend.④Doyouknowtheteachertalking(talk)withthestudents?二、分詞和分詞短語作狀語分詞作狀語表時(shí)間、原因、方式和伴隨狀況。Heated，themetalexpands.(＝Whenitisheated，themetalexpands.)Beingateacher，Imustworkhard.Shestoodthere，waitingforabus.Hecamein，followedbyagroupofstudents.[名師點(diǎn)津]generally/frankly/strictlyspeaking，considering，judgingby/from，supposing，takingeveryth