閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)題陷阱破譯

正確選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)：

1.近義詞替換2.簡(jiǎn)化語(yǔ)言法3.變換語(yǔ)態(tài)法4.正話(huà)反說(shuō)（下面哪一個(gè)是錯(cuò)誤的）標(biāo)志詞匯：Probably,may,might,moreorless,relatively,belikelyto,notnecessarily,tendto,usually…..★高頻動(dòng)詞：

Book=reserve=orderConduct=carryoutPlease=amuse=entertainImprove=promoteGuarantee=ensureDocument=recordPreserve=protectRuin=destroy=damage=violateDeclare=announce=informDivide=separate=partwithcomplete=fulfill=accomplish=achieveDelay=putoff=postponeGive=supply=provide=offerIgnore=turnone’sbacktoOveruse=abuseencourage=motivate=stimulate=spurReject=refuse=turndown=declineReceive=acceptSee=observe=notice=spotSearch=exploreConnect=link=relate=associateExplode=blowoutDiscourage=frustrateAccompany=keepsb.Companyrent=hireProve=turnoutRemove=getridofAdmire=appreciatePossess=ownDecide=determine=resolvetodoGet=obtain=acquire=gain=possess★高頻名詞：

Data=statisticsNovel=fictionFeature=characteristicsCareer=occupationManners=etiquetteGratitude=appreciationExperiement=trialPersonality=characterStress=pressureOrigin=pioneerCircumstance=environment=atmosphereOpportunity=chanceCreation=innovationComment=remark=review(makeacommenton)Achievement=recognitionOption=choice=selectionMaterial=resourceLuggage=baggage=packageRule=regulation=principleDirection=discipline=guidelineColleague=coworkerEssay=passage=article=textApproach=way=method=means★高頻形容詞、副詞：

Delicious=tastyAttentive=focusedOriginal=initialFinal=eventualObvious=evident=StrikingAccurate=exactOutstanding=brilliant=excellent=fascinating=remarkable=distinctiveAuthentic=true=genuineThrilling=frighteningThrilled=excitedAverage=ordinary=common=universalTime-honored=hasalonghistoryDull=boringDaring=braveExtra=additionalGlad=pleased=delightedTouched=movedBeImportant=significant=vital=key=essential=primary=elementaryAccessible=available=athandAppropriate=proper=suitableAppealing=attractiveImmediately=quickly=atonce=intime=hurriedly(hurry)Rarely=hardly=seldomApproximately=about=nearly=almost=practicallyComplex=complicatedSafe=secure★高頻短語(yǔ)：

Aheadoftime=inadvance=previousPlacesofinterest=touristattractionResultin=leadto=contributetoBeaccustomedto=beusedtodoingMeet/satisfy/fulfillone’sdemand/requirement/needPrevent...from=keep...from=stop...fromJoinin=takepartin=participatein=beinvolvedin=beengagedinGetreadyfor=bepreparedforFocuson=concentrateonTransformAintoB=TurnAintoBInthelongterm=inthelongrunIn...sense=inaway=tosomedegree=atsomepointHoldonto=insistTakeaction=takemeasures=takestepstoKeepintouchwith=contactInsomerespect=tosomedegree=atsomepointDealwith=copewith=handlewith=addressAtthesametime=meanwhileOnthespot=onthesceneMakeeffortsto=tryto=doall/everythingonecanto..=gooutofone’swaytodoBeproudof=takepridein★高頻短語(yǔ)：Asamatteroffact=infact=totellyouthetruthHeadinto=leaveforArriveat=reach=getto=approachInspiteof=despiteFromone’sperspective=fromone’spointofviewTrydoing=attempttoBefilledwith=bechargedwith=befullofPrefertodoAratherthandoBPreferAtoBPreferdoingAtodoingBRuninto=comeacrossTaketheplaceof=replaceComeintoeffect=opractice/useFromtimetotime=onceinawhileBecaughtin=betrappedinConsistof=bemadeupofForamoment=forawhileGoon=continueAcollectionof=aseriesofFigureout=findoutBrightup=lightupRollaround=turnupGive...alecture=deliveraspeechDrawone’sattention=attractone’sattention=raiseone’sawarenessBedesperatefor=desirefor=bethirstyforInfavorof=favorable罪犯三大特征一、文不對(duì)題，答非所問(wèn)。1.文章中正確細(xì)節(jié)信息2.常識(shí)，常理。二、無(wú)中生有，主觀(guān)臆斷。千萬(wàn)不要太自戀，不要總是“你覺(jué)得”而是作者“讓你覺(jué)得”。三、偷梁換柱，斷章取義。1.擴(kuò)大縮小范圍。（注意含有絕對(duì)意義詞的選項(xiàng)）2.正誤并存，半對(duì)半錯(cuò)。（前對(duì)后錯(cuò)）3.張冠李戴（看清動(dòng)作發(fā)出者是誰(shuí)）4.以偏概全，以全概偏。5.未然變已然。（注意動(dòng)做時(shí)態(tài)）6.偷換概念。（把原文中關(guān)鍵詞或限定詞去掉或用其他詞替換，使干擾項(xiàng)和原文意思接近，看似正確，實(shí)際上大相徑庭。）應(yīng)對(duì)法寶一找（關(guān)鍵詞：人名，地名專(zhuān)有名詞，年代，數(shù)字，鮮明的動(dòng)詞，形容詞等）二定三對(duì)比（題干和選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)和選項(xiàng)）三原則一、設(shè)題順序原則二、關(guān)鍵信息定位法三、排除法出題者思路：故意將原文的表程度或范圍情感的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行混淆，放在干擾選項(xiàng)中。常見(jiàn)出題形式：1.以偏概全，或以全概偏如原文Somestudents,出題時(shí)students2.表頻率的詞混用always,never,sometimes,once，almost,nearly,hardly.3.表情感程度的詞anxious/eager,annoy/sorrow,puzzle/wonder.4.only/all/no經(jīng)常放在干擾項(xiàng)中5.含有最高級(jí)的干擾項(xiàng)也要注意FromNovember3to12,thecitywillrestricttheuseofprivatevehiclesbasedoneven-andodd-numberedlicenseplates,reducingtheuseofsuchvehiclesby35percent,themunicipal(市政府的)trafficcommitteesaidonThursday.Allvehiclestransportingconstructionwasteanddangerouschemicalswillbebannedfromthecapital’sroadsduringthisperiod,buttherestrictionwillnotapplytobuses,taxisandothervehiclessuchaspolicecars.……NeighboringauthoritiesinTianjinMunicipality,Hebei,ShanxiandShandongProvinceandtheInnerMongoliaAutonomousRegionwilloperatestrictpollutioncontrolmeasuresoverthe10days.MediareportssaidthatfromNov.7to12,employeedepartments,institutesandsocialorganizationsinBJcanhaveaholidayexceptfordepartmentsdealingwiththeAPECmeetingandcitymanagement.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Carscan’tbeusedinBeijingfromNovember3to12B.NotallthepeopleinBeijingcanhaveaholidayfromNovember7to12.C.Citizenswillchoosebusesastheironlymeansoftransport.D.Alltheneighboringprovinceswilltakethesamemeasures.……Well,Antarcticasoundsliketheholidayofalifetime!It’sconsideredthelastgreatwildernessonEarth.Justafewscientistsinresearchstationssharetheicylandscapewithpenguinsandotheranimalswhichcancopewiththelowtemperatures.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,wecanlearnthat______.A.AntarcticahasbecomethebestplaceforpeopletotravelB.onlyscientistscanbeallowedtogotoAntarcticaC.AntarcticaislessaffectedbyhumanactivitiesD.noanimalscansurviveinAntarcticaexceptpenguinsAsthecourseisanimmersionprogram,studentsareexpectedtospeakEnglishtheentiretimetheyareattheschool.IftheyspeakanylanguageotherthanEnglishattheschool,theymaybeaskedtoleavetheschoolforaday.ThestudentsareexpectedtospeakEnglish______.A.partofthetimewhileattheschoolB.theentiretimetheyareattheschoolC.nomatterwhentheywanttoD.whentheyareinahomestayfamilyPickingauniversityisatenseperiodofaskingyourselfwhichinstitutionismostrelevant.That’swhyuniversityrankingsplaysuchavitalroleinstudentssearchingfortheirnextacademicdirection.Rankingsarealsoaninescapablepartofthereputationandbrandimageofuniversities.“Nouniversitywebsiteiscompletewithouttheclaimtobeinthetop100forsomethingorother,”repeatedtheBBC.Thereasonissimple:rankingshelpthemtoattractstudents,staffandresearchinvestment.Whydouniversitiesconsiderrankingsimportant?A.Rankingsmakethemmoreappealing.B.Rankingsarestudents’onlyreference.C.Rankingscanincreasetheiracademiclevel.D.Rankingshelpthemcompletetheirwebsites.

2、斷章取義例——FrommyearliermemoryofMotheritsomehowseemedquitenaturaltothinkofherasdifferent,notofeverydaythingsasFatherwas.Inthosedayshewasayoung-lookingman.Hedidnothesitatetomakefriendswithchildrenassoonastheywereabletotalktohimandlaughathisstories.HowdidFatherimpresstheauthor?A.Helikedwritingstories.B.Helovedmakingfriends.C.Hewasaveryyoungman.D.Hewaspopularwithchildren.相關(guān)練習(xí)——Maliisnowawar-torncountryandunsafefortouriststovisit,leavinglittleworkfortaxidrivers.WhydotaxidrivershavedifficultyfindingworkinMali?A.Peopledon’tliketakingataxi.B.TouristsvisitingMaliarefew.C.Maliisveryunsafe.D.Publictransportisenough.3、熟詞陷阱例一：Itisnotonlypraiseorpunishmentthatdeterminesachild’slevelofconfidence.Therearesomeotherimportantwaysweshapeourkids—particularlybygivinginstructionsandcommandsinanegativeopositivechoiceofwords….Iusingthelatter,youwillbehelpingyourkidstothinkandactpositively,andtofeelcompetentinawiderangeofsituations,because…Positivechoiceofwordshelpskidto_________.A.dothingscarefullyB.builduptheirconfidenceC.improvetheirimaginationDlearnindifferentsituations例二：Intoday’sconsumerworld,we’veneverhadsomuch,yetitseemswe’veneverbeensounsatisified.Thecostofhousinghasbeenrisingfordecades,andthecosttotheplanethasbeenhuge,too.Butthereisawaytoliveasimpler,greener,andmoreaffordablelife:buyaTinyDwellinghome!ItisimpliedinParagraph1that_________.A.richpeopleareveryunsatisfiedB.peooplearedamagingtheenvironmentC.therearemorepoorpeopleinsavingtheplanetD.peoplespendmuchmoneyinsavingtheplanet.例三：TinyDwellingispartofthesmall-livingmovementthatbeganinthelate1990s.Backthen,agrowingnumberofpeoplebegantoliveverysmallhomes.Theywantedtoreducetheirpossessions,livingspace,andenergycosts,soastoleadmoreecologically-friendlylives.Butthesmall-livingmovementreallytookoffaftertheeconomiccrisisof2008,whenmenypeoplerealizedthattheycouldn’taffordtokeeplargehomes.Whatdoweknowaboutthesmall-livingmovement?A.Itaimedtohandletheeconomiccrisis.B.Itwasstartedbypeoplewithouthouses.C.Itwaswellreceivedbyhousedesigners.D.Itdidnotbecomequitepopularuntil2008.相關(guān)練習(xí)InpartsoftheArctic,entireforestsaremovingnorthward.AcrosstheArctic,temperaturesarerisingfasterthananywhereelseintheworld.Asthathappens,thetreelinethatmarkswhereforestsstopandthetreelesstundra(凍原)hasbeenshiftingnorthward.WhatisthemaincauseofthetreesintheArcticmovingnorthward?A.Theshrinkingofnortherntundra.B.Therisingtemperature.C.Thefierceandcoldwind.D.Theabundantresourcesinthenorth.4、偷換概念：把原文中關(guān)鍵詞或限定詞去掉或用其他詞替換，使干擾項(xiàng)和原文意思接近，看似正確，實(shí)際上大相徑庭。例——Inthosedayshewasayounglookingman.Hedidnothesitatetomakefriendswithchildrenassoonastheywereabletotalktohimandlaughathisstories.HowdidFatherimpresstheauthor?A.Helikedwritingstories.B.Helovedmakingfriends.C.Hewasaveryyoungman.D.Hewaspopularwithchildren.相關(guān)練習(xí)——一、Youcanstartteachingyourchildrentoskateassoonastheyhavemasteredwalking.Thisallowsthemtolearnwhentheyaremorelikelytocatchonquicklyandwillnotbeembarrassedbyfalls.Itisnevertoolatetolearntoskate,butthesooneryougetthemoutthebettertheywillgetatskating.…Youdon’twanttoputyourchildrenontheicewhentheyarehungryortiredsobesuretheyareallwellfedanditisnotatimetheyusuallynap.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Children’soverallstateisveryimportantwhiletheyareskating.B.Thesoonerchildrenlearntoskatethebettertheywillbe.C.Toomanyfallswillmakechildrenfeelembarrassed.D.Yourchildrenwillbeleftbehindbythebiggerones.

二、Allentries(參賽作品)mustshowcase(展示)：?Acreative,artisticinterpretationof“TheChallenge”?Aninspirationalmessage,callingonyoungpeopletoengageinservice?Originality?Technicalskill?Postersmustbenolargerthan11’’×17’’.Anyartisticmediummaybeused.EntriesmustbepostmarkedbyFebruary28,2015.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtherequirementforthecontest?A.Postershavetobenolargerthan11’’×17’’.B.Posterscanbemadeinallofartisticmedia.C.Studentsshouldbewillingtoengageinservice.D.Entriesshouldbebothoriginalandinspirational.5、部分正確例——LizzyMorrison,asmall-linvingenthusiast,startedTinyDwellinghomesin2008tomeettheneedsofthesepeople.Sincethen,Lizzyhasbeendesigningandbuildinghomesnonstop,andTinyDwellinghomeshavebecomesopopularthatthousandsofpeoplehaveboughtone.AndLizzyhasn’tonlybeendesigningandbuildinghouses.Shehasalsobeenteachingpeoplehowtobuildthem.Simplybuytheplansandmaterialssothatyoucanbuildyourownhome,andsaveevenmoremoney!BesidesdesigningTinyDwellinghomes,Lizzyalso____.A.urgedpeopletobuythemB.helpedpeopletobuildthemC.taughtpeopletosavemoneyD.offeredcousestotraindesigners相關(guān)練習(xí)——Youarethecollectorinthegalleryofyourlife.Youcollect.Youmightnotmeantobutyoudo.Oneoutofthreepeoplecollectstangible(有形的)thingssuchascats,photosandnoisytoys.Theseareamongsome40collectionsthatarebeingsho