化工工程詞匯

PAGEPAGE2化工工程詞匯項目建議1.項目建議概況資格qualification預備資格prequalification商務條款與條件commercialtermsandcondition商務commercial技術technical技術說明technicalspecification建議書proposalbook資料費informationprice估價estimatedprice報價quotedprice報價書quotation2報價資料工藝說明processdescription工藝特點processfeature經驗記載experiencerecord工藝特性processperformance設備表equipmentlist說明規(guī)定規(guī)格specification簡要說明shortspecification條件圖sketchdrawing流程圖flowdiagram平衡圖balancediagram方框圖blockdiagramP&I圖P&Idiagram單線圖singlelinediagram布置圖layout平面布置圖plotplan總圖generalplotplan附件appendix資料文件ument3.合同技術用語保證guarantee性能保證performanceguarantee時間保證timeguarantee交貨保證deliveryguarantee建造保證workmanshipguarantee生產能力capacity質量quality消耗量consumption原材料feedstock原料rawmaterial輔助原料sub-rawmaterial產品product付產品by-product中間產品intermediate公用工程utility燃料fuel化學品chemical界區(qū)batterylimit(界區(qū))進料incoming(界區(qū))出料outgoing界區(qū)條件batterylimitscondition(配管圖)分界區(qū)matchline工廠裝置plant設備equipment關鍵設備criticalequipment專利設備proprietaryequipment有位號設備itemizedequipment無位號設備non-itemizedequipment散裝材料bulkmaterial施工材料materialofconstruction儀表instrument備品備件sparepart建筑工具constructionaid(現場)居住設施accommodation現場派遣expatriate運轉率onstreamfactor運轉天數streamday系列train日歷日calendarday日歷月calendarmonth機械(試車)完工mechanicalcompletion試車trialoperation初次試車initialoperation開車startup注油oilin投料feesin首次出料firstdrop保證試運轉guaranteetestrun裝置驗收plantacceptance移交turnover議定書protocol4估算估算estimate概算budgetaryestimate推算slide冪指數powerterm(費用)分類,分項價格breakdown外匯foreigncurrency當地貨幣localcurrency可兌換貨幣convertiblecurrency專利費licensefee專利權稅royalty變動專利權稅runningroyalty專有技術費know-howfee基礎設計費basicengineeringfee代理費agentfee手續(xù)費commission不可預見費contingency外匯風險exchangerisk易貨補償compensation直接費用directcost間接費用indirectcost項目管理費projectexpense現場管理費fieldexpense一般管理費overhead利潤profit生活費livingexpense出勤津貼dailyallowance(出差)準備費outfitallowance勞務費laborcost基本工資basewage補償費payrollburden福利費fringebenefit5可行性研究可行性feasibility現場選定siteselection(現場)位置location市場marketing可獲利潤率profitability生產成本productioncost經營費operationcost可變成本variablecost不變成本fixedcost總投資totalcapitalcost折舊費depreciation現金流量cashflow折現現金流量discountcashflow工況研究casestudy產權資本,自有資金equity建設資本利息interestduringconstruction6業(yè)務范圍現場勘測sitesurvey工藝設計processdesign基礎設計basicengineering基礎設計包basicdesignpackage詳細設計detailengineering采購procurement海運oceantransportation陸運inlandtransportation安裝erectionwork土建工作civilwork施工constructionwork臨時工作temporarywork投料試車commissioning培訓training(現場)指導supervisoryservice顧問advisorservice初步設計preliminaryproject最終設計finalproject基礎設施infrastructure上部結構superstructure軟件software硬件hardware7工廠分類與設計處女地工廠grassrootplant總廠integralplant分廠singleplant成套裝置packageplant翻版(設計)廠copyplant生產廠commercialplant中試工廠pilotplant實驗室規(guī)模裝置benchscaleunit石化總廠petrochemicalcomplex下游(廠)downstream(工業(yè))放大scale-up擴建expansion改建、更改modification鏡象布置mirrorimage設計余量overdesign降負荷運轉turndown消除瓶頸Debottlenecking工廠模型plantmodel8設備工藝裝置processplant裝置區(qū)內onsite裝置區(qū)外offsite界區(qū)內insidebatterylimit界區(qū)外outsidebatterylimit公用工程設施utilityfacility貯存設施storagefacility輔助設施auxiliaryfacility銜接interconnection主變電所mainsubstation發(fā)電設施powergenerationfacility事故發(fā)電設備emergencypowergenerationfacility水處理裝置watertreatmentfacility冷卻塔coolingtower抽水設施waterintakefacility海水淡化裝置desalinationfacility蒸汽發(fā)生裝置steamgenerationfacility儀表空氣發(fā)生裝置instrumentgasgenerationfacility惰性氣發(fā)生裝置inertgasgenerationfacility空分裝置airseparationfacility罐區(qū)tankyard散裝貯藏設備bulkstoragefacility包裝機械baggingfacility制袋設備bagmakingfacility裝瓶設備bottlingfacility裝貨設施loadingfacility卸貨設施unloadingfacility鐵路側線railwaysiding棧橋jetty行政辦公樓administrationbuilding維修車間maintenanceshop中央化驗室centrallaboratory內部通用設施intercommunicationfacility廣播系統(tǒng)publicaddresssystem詢呼設施pagingfacility消防設施firefightingfacility安全器具safetyequipment生活設施colony公用設施town-shop娛樂設施recreationfacility9相關企業(yè)承包商contractor主承包商primecontractor分包商subcontractor直接雇傭directhire專利商licenser轉專利者sub-licenser專利使用者licensee專利擁有者patent-owner競爭者competitor國際財團consortium合作者collaborator買方(1)buyer(2)purchaser賣方seller廠商vendor制造商(1)maker(2)manufacture業(yè)主owner顧問consultant技術顧問Technicaladviser用戶User最終用戶Enduser客戶(1)customer(2)client代理商agent掛名人dummy2.投標合同2.1投標概況詢價inquiry報價估價書quotationestimation投標投標書bidtender投標資料bidument預審pre-qualification意向書letterofintent2.2合同用語協(xié)議agreement合同契約contract注銷cancellation約定Consideration合同轉讓Assignmentofcontract不可抗力forcemajeure仲裁attribution基本法governinglaw秘密條款(1)secrecyclause(2)non-disclosureclause預定損壞賠償費liquidateddamages總賠償額度totalliability連帶(債務)jointandseveral預先債權l(xiāng)ien免除waiver保證guaranty擔保warranty賠償indemnity定義definition增額escalation罰款penalty支付條款termsofpayment稅金taxandduties侵犯專利patentinfringement最高限額ceiling委任書powerofattorney保證金bond2.3合同形式投標合同competitivebidcontract議付合同negotiatedcontractFOB合同fob-typecontract成套承包合同(1)turnkeycontract(交鑰匙合同)(2)chefmontagecontract總付合同lumpsumpricecontract單價契約unitpricecontract正價加附加費合同costplusfeecontract預投標協(xié)議pre-bidagreement產品抵債productssharing互購交易counter-purchasetransaction3.支付金融財務3.1支付金融支付條款支付條件paymentterms延期付款deferredpayments存留款項保留資金retentionpayment定期付款schedulepayment施工分期付款progressivepayment付款交單D/Pumentsagainstpayment承兌交單調D/Aumentsagainstacceptance信貸信用credit賣方信貸供應商信貸supplier’scredit買方信貸buyer’scredit銀行借貸bankloan財政金融finance借款借貸loan償還reimbursereimbursement保證書letterofguarantee信用證信貸書letterofcredit外匯兌換率exchangerate兌換單匯款單據umentarybillofexchange匯款匯兌基金remittance3.2財務自然增長基數accrualbasis資產負債表決算表balancesheet損益報表P&Lprofitandlossstatement4.采購運輸保險4.1進出口手續(xù)出口許可證exportlicense出口許可證變更E/LamendCOCOMcoordinatingcommittee標準結算方法standardpayment非標準結算方法non-standardpaymentDBCdrawbackcargo(dbc)出口申報銀行exportdeclarationbanke/d進口申報單exportdeclarationcustom進口許可證importlicense保稅區(qū)域bondedarea關稅importduty原產地說明書certificateoforigin發(fā)票Invoice4.2運輸裝箱單packinglist提單billoflading(B/L)指示提單orderB/L直接提單straightB/L裝運提單shippedB/L,onboardB/L備運提單receivedB/L不附帶條件的提單cleanB/L不潔提單dirtyB/L,foulB/L直運提單directB/L聯(lián)運提單throughB/L船上收貨單mate’sreceipt裝貨通知單shippingorder(S/O)交貨單deliveryorder(D/O)空運貨單airwaybill海上運費oceanfreight海上運費同盟freightconference目的地付費freightpayableatdestination碼頭人工搬運費stevedorage空載運費deadfreight船到港預定時間expectedtimeofarrival(ETA)船離港預定時間expectedtimeofdeparture(ETD)海關快速發(fā)貨customquickdespatch(CQD)滯船費demurrage碼頭搬運商stevedore超尺寸運輸over-dimensioncargo(ODC)4.3保險海上保險marinecargoinsurance現場指導失誤保險supervisor’sriskinsurance4.4貿易條件出廠價(1)exworks(2)exfactory(3)exmill海上交貨fob-namedportofshipment含保險海上交貨cif-namedportofdestination國境交貨條件francofrontier4.5采購采購procurement廠家vendor廠家一覽表vendorlist市場價marketprice黑市價darkprice現價up-to-datepricelevel報價quotation偏差表deviationlist到貨時間timeofdelivery支付方式(1)termsofpayment(2)paymentcondition(3)paymentterms延緩支付deferredpayment現金支付cashondelivery預先支付downpayment發(fā)貨前支付advancepayment到貨后支付progresspayment計劃支付scheduledpayment購買條件termsandconditionsofpurchase折價discount談判交涉negotiation澄清clarification購買意向intenttopurchase比較表tabulation評語evaluation價格分析valueanalysis定購單purchaseorder變更定購單changeorder支付方式methodofpayment現金cash支票check期票promissorynote催貨expediting跟蹤系統(tǒng)follow-upsystem4.6包裝包裝packing防銹包裝rust-proofpacking防潮濕包裝moisture-proofpacking防水包裝water-proofpacking軟包裝shrinkpacking木箱woodenbox板條箱crate滑橇底座skidbase框架箱framedbox碼垛盤pallet側板sideplate吊具slingfitting花籃螺栓turnbuckle鋼帶steelstrapping角保護袋edgeprotectorclosureplate防護角cornerprotector板board合板plywood緩沖材料cushioningmaterial通氣孔蓋ventilationcover超載superimposedload開包unpacking船上標志shippingmark注意標志caremark5.項目執(zhí)行及費用管理5.1項目執(zhí)行總圖會議kick-offmeeting項目研究會議projectstudymeeting開工會議launchingmeeting項目報告projectreporting審查會議screeningmeeting進展報告progressreport協(xié)調過程coordinationprocedure變更指示changeorder認可approval復閱review5.2工程項目完工報告jobclose-outreport項目執(zhí)行報告jobperformancereport完工匯編close-outbook反饋系統(tǒng)feedbacksystem項目設計條件projectdesigninformation會簽inter-departmentcheck工程設計engineeringdesign工藝條件確認engineeringreview工藝條件校核engineeringchecking項目完成指標審核表projectperformancechecksheet施工版approvedforconstruction(afc)設計變更errorreport技術文件technicaldatabook管道材料工藝條件processdataforpipingmaterial載荷條件loadingdata關鍵路徑法criticalpathmethod關鍵路徑進度表criticalpathschedulingPERTprogramevaluationandreviewtechnique5.3費用及工時管理工程預算projectcontrolbudget工時man-hour(M/H)工日man-day(M/D)人月man-month(M/N)考勤表timesheet工作號worknumber項目號jobnumber預期項目號proposalnumber改進工作improvementwork閑滯idle工時報告man-hourreport項目工時匯總jobman-hourperformancereport5.4費用分類費用分類codeofaccount主賬majoraccount分賬sub-account設備位號itemnumber5.5組織指定assign借調on-loan項目成員projectnumber項目經理projectmanager(PM)項目經理助理assistantprojectmanager(APM)施工經理constructionmanager(CM)開工經理operationmanager(OM)現場指揮fieldmanger項目前期經理proposalmanager估算員estimator原始采購員originator協(xié)調員coordinator項目設計協(xié)調員projectdesigncoordinator(PDC)6.標準化資料管理法規(guī)規(guī)格6.1標準化標準化standardization標準規(guī)格standard工程規(guī)定engineerspecification項目特殊要求specificjobrequirement工程手冊engineeringmanual標準圖standarddrawing工程用表格engineeringform法規(guī)lawandregulation法律law6.2資料管理情報管理informationandumentation信息中心informationcenter調研(追述)retrospectivesearching信息選擇服務selectivedisseminationofinformation情報跟蹤currentawareness檢索效率retrievalefficiency資料uments原文獻primarysources文獻摘抄secondarysources連載刊物serials定期刊物periodieals(學會)紀要memoirs會報transactions會議論文conferencepaper會議記錄proceedings索引期刊indexjournal文摘期刊abstractjournal情報摘要informationabstract提示文稿indicativeabstract圖書目錄bookcatalog標題目錄titlecatalog總目錄unioncatalog標準目錄standardcatalog關鍵詞keyword省略詞stopwordKWIC索引keyword-in-contextindexKWOC索引keyword-out-of-contextindex順序索引permutedindex相關索引coordinateindex主題分析subjectanalysis統(tǒng)計分類statisticalclassification國際十進分類法universaldecimalclassification閱讀卡片visiblecard書卡bookcard檔案系統(tǒng)filingsystem微縮復制microcopy微縮系統(tǒng)micro-system穿孔卡夾aperturecard微縮膠片fichefilm6.3法規(guī)高壓氣體取締法highpressuregascontrollaw消防法fireservicelaw勞動安全衛(wèi)生法industrysafetyandhealthlaw建筑基本法buildingstandardlaw單位制systemofunits國際單位制internationalsystemofunits系統(tǒng)圖、設備布置圖、配管圖及材料統(tǒng)計7圖紙、條件表工藝流程圖Processflowdiagram(PFD)管道儀表流程圖Processpiping&instrumentflowdiagram(PID)公用工程流程圖Utilitybalancediagram(UFD)框圖Blockflowdiagram公用工程介質平衡圖Utilitybalancediagram(UBD)平面布置圖Plotplan立面布置圖Generalarrangement總圖Generalplotplan規(guī)劃圖Planningdrawing管道研究圖Pipingstudydrawing管道布置圖（配管圖）Pipingarrangementdrawing分區(qū)圖Keyplan管道走向研究圖Pipingroutingstudydrawing地下管道圖Undergroundpipingdrawing管道特殊管件圖Pipingspecialpartsdrawing管架詳圖Pipinghangingdrawing預制圖Prefabricationdrawing參考圖Referencedrawing通用圖Typicaldrawing制造廠圖Vendor’sdrawing管道軸測圖Isometricpipingdrawing竣工圖As-builtdrawing模型Model管線表Lineschedule計算書Calculationsheet圖紙目錄Drawingschedule發(fā)圖階段Issuestage版次Revisionnumber編號體系Numberingsystem比例Scale工廠北向Plantnorth海平面標高Over-seameanlevel(OSL)標高Elevation(EL)已有鋼結構Existingstructure裝貨區(qū)Loadingarea公用工程站Utilitystation柱號Columnnumber凈空headroom通道Accessway小通道Catway鋼結構頂部標高Topofstructureelevation管底標高Bottomofpipingelevation主管口徑Runsize頂平偏心異徑管Eccentricreducertopflat中心到面的距離Centertoface工作點標高Workingpointelevation管架標注Hangingmarking冷拉Coldspring管線記號Linesymbol管線接口Lineconnection物流號StreamNO.管線號LineNO.管道等級號(1)classdesignation(2)specdesignation閥門號ValveNO.等級分界Specificationbreak重要管道Criticalpiping總管Headerpipe儀表管道Instrumentpiping排放管道Blowdownpiping火炬氣管道Flarepiping輸送管線Transferline入口管線Suctionline排水管Effluentline旁通管Bypassline吹掃系統(tǒng)Purgesystem放空接口Ventconnection軟管接口Hoseconnection雙切斷閥及排放閥Doubleblockandbleeder污水溝Sewerditch冷凝液池Condensatepit積水坑Sumpbox漏斗Dripfunnel管段Spoolpiece墊環(huán)Spacering限流孔板Restrictionorifice流量噴嘴Flownozzle液體混合用三通Mixingtee噴頭Spraynozzle粗濾器Strainer臨時粗濾器Temporarystrainer疏水閥Steamtrap爆破膜Rupturedisk蒸汽伴熱管道Steam-tracedpiping夾套管道Jacketedpiping地下管道Undergroundpiping管道要素鋼管Steelpipe螺紋端管Threadedpipe法蘭端管Flangedpipe鍛制的Swage光滑彎管SmoothbendU型彎管U-bend彎管Bendingpipe波紋管膨脹節(jié)Expansionbellows柔性管Flexiblepipe管件接頭Pipefittingjoint機械連接Mechanicaljoint活套連接Lappedjoint環(huán)行墊連接Ringtypejoint擴口接頭Flaretypejoint非擴口接頭Flarelesstypejoint承插連接BellandspigotVictaulic接頭Victaulicjoint彎頭Elbow異徑管Reducer管接頭Coupling活接頭Union短管Nipple法蘭Flange配對法蘭Companionflange法蘭蓋Blindflange異徑法蘭Reducingflange八字盲板(1)spectacleblind(2)reversibleblind平板式法蘭Plateflange帶頸法蘭Hubbedflange對焊法蘭Weldingflange松套法蘭Looseflange管端突緣Stubend法蘭面Flangeface墊片溝槽Gasketgroove滿平面Fullface突面Raisedface大準槽面Largetongueandgrooveface雙凹凸面Doublemale&femaleface大凹凸面Largemale&femaleface金屬墊片Metallicgasket非金屬墊片Non-metallicgasketO型環(huán)Semi-metallicgasket透視墊O-ring對焊Lensring承插焊接Buttweld滑套焊接Socketweld焊接支管臺Slip-onweld插入環(huán)Insertring管帽Cap材料表Billofmaterial材料統(tǒng)計Take-off管段表Linebillofmaterial估算匯總表Estimationsummarysheet備品備件表Sparepartslist報價單Quotationsheet訂貨表Purchaseorderschedule材料匯總表Billofmaterialsummary狀態(tài)報告Statusreport分布報告Distributionreport價格、重量一覽表Cost&weightsummary價格、重量匯總表Cost&weighttotal定貨管理表Ordercontrol管道材料管理表Pipingmaterialcontrolsheet元件代碼Itemcode標記號Tagnumber標準形態(tài)Standardshape軸測圖Isometricdrawing管線號Linereference批號Batchreference管子下料表Pipingcuttinglist制作件表Fabricationpartslist組裝件表Erectionpartlist固定架Anchor滑動架Restingsupport導向架Guide限位架Directionalstop減振架Dampener支架Support管托Shoe保冷管托cradle鞍座Saddle耳軸Trunnion吊架Hanger剛性吊架Rigidhanger彈簧吊架Springhanger恒力吊架Constanthanger閥門Valve截止閥Globevalve閘閥Gatevalve針行閥Needlevalve球閥Ballvalve止回閥Checkvalve隔膜閥Diaphragmvalve三通閥Three-wayvalve角閥Anglevalve蝶閥Butterflyvalve旋塞閥Cock伸長桿操作Extensionstem-operation鏈操作Chain-operated齒輪操作Gear-operated扳手操作Wrench-operated電動操作Motor-operated閥芯Trim閥蓋Bonnet焊接支管Weldbranch偏置Offset焊縫根部間隙Weldrootgap現場調整后再下料和焊接Cutandweldafteradjusting坡度Slope工作點Workingpoint管架說明Notesforpipinghanging部門間校核版Interdepartmentalcheckprint平端Plainend坡口端Beveled管道聯(lián)接圖Pipinghook-updrawing管道圖說明Notesforpipingdrawing標題欄Titleblock詢價單Pipingrequisitionsheet8配管及一般設備設計8.1保溫、保冷絕熱Insulation設備絕熱表Equipmentinsulationschedule絕熱符號Insulationcode保溫設計Designofcoldinsulation正常操作所用的保溫Insulationforstableoperating人身防護Personnelprotection防火層Fire-proofing防結露Anti-sweat防凍Winterizing防音Soundprotection保溫材料Hotinsulationmaterial保冷材料Coldinsulationmaterial石棉asbestos硅藻土Diatomaceousearth巖棉Rockwool玻璃棉Glasswool碳酸鎂Magnesiumcarbonate硅酸鋁Calciumsilicate珍珠巖Perlite軟木板Corkboards毛氈Hairfelt泡沫聚氨酯Foampolystyrene硬泡沫氨基甲酸乙酯Rigidfoamurethane硬泡沫橡膠Rigidfoamrubber瑪碲脂Mastic耐磨損材料Anti-abrasioncoatingmaterial管殼Laggingcloth鐵絲網Hexagonalwirenetting填縫材料Caulkingmaterial保護層(1)jacketingsheet(2)coversheet波紋鋁板Corrugatedaluminumsheet有色鍍鋅鋼板Precoatedgalvanizedsheet搭板ButtstrapZ型接頭Z-joint防腐、涂漆色標Colour-code孟塞爾色系Munsellnotation管道識別色Identificationofpipingsystem防腐層Externalcoating油漆Paint清漆Varnish防腐漆(1)anti-corrosivepaint(2)rush-proofpaint含鋁漆Aluminumpaint底漆Primer耐酸漆Acid-proofpaint耐堿漆Alkali-proofpaint耐熱漆Heat-resistingpaint測溫漆Thermo-paint絕緣漆Insulatingvarnish表面處理Surfacepreparation涂漆painting陰極保護Cathodicprotection振動解析機械振動Mechanicalvibration自由振動Freevibration強制振動Forcedvibration自勵振動Self-excitedvibration固有頻率Naturalfrequency固有周期Naturalperiod波谷Loop波峰Node正弦振動Sinusoidaloscillation非線性振動Non-linearoscillation阻尼振動Dampedvibration臨界阻尼Criticaldamping衰減系數(1)attenuation(2)decaycoefficient(3)decayfactor共振Resonance扭曲振動Torsionalvibration撓性振動Flexuralvibration極限速度Criticalspeed固有值Characteristicvalue臨界條件Boundarycondition彈簧系數Springconstant慣性矩Momentofinertia回轉半徑Radiusofgyration振動吸收裝置Dynamicvibrationabsorber液壓減振器Hydraulicdamper彈簧減振器(1)springdampener(2)springdamper油壓鎖定Oillock耐振設計固有振動方式Naturalfrequencymode卓越周期Predominantperiod基本周期Firstnaturalfrequency橫波Transversewave縱波Longitudinalwave相對位移Relativedisplacement質量比Massratio靜解析法Staticmethod修正靜解析法Correctedstaticmethod動解析法Modalanalysis時歷響應解析法Timehistoryresponseanalysis設計響應光譜Designresponsespectrum加速響應光譜Accelerationresponsespectrum地板響應光譜Floorresponsespectrum標準響應光譜Standardresponsespectrum加速響應增幅比Accelerationresponseamplituderatio剛性結構Rigidstructure柔性結構Flexiblestructure長周期結構Long-periodstructure剛性框架Rahmenrigidframe地震波Earthquakeaccelerogram位移量記錄Displacementrecord設計地震Designearthquake設計震度Designseismiccoefficient地震Earthquake震源距離Distancetocentrum震中距離Distancetoepicenter震級Magnitude地震波顯示儀Seismoscope地震儀Seismograph耐震等級Seismicclass基巖Baserock應力分析外力Externalforce內力Internalforce反作用力Reactionforce力偶Coupleofforce彎矩Bendingmoment扭矩Twistmoment應力Stress彎曲應力Bendingstress扭曲應力Torsionalstress圓周應力Hoopstress峰值應力Peakstress一次應力Primarystress二次應力Secondarystress軸向應力Axialstress重復應力Repeatedstress脈動應力Pulsatingstress交變應力Alternatingstress應變Strain應變能Strainenergy主應力Principalstress主應力理論Principalstresstheory最大剪切應力理論Maximumshearingstresstheory殘余應力Residualstress熱應力Thermalstress熱破壞Thermalshock疲勞Fatigue疲勞曲線S-Ndiagram疲勞極限(1)fatiguelimit(2)endurancelimit腐蝕疲勞Corrosionfatigue蠕變Creep蠕變疲勞Creepfatigue尺寸效應Sizeeffect應力集中系數Coefficientofstressconcentration形狀系數Shapecoefficient缺口系數Notchfactor應力強度系數Stressintensityfactor幾何慣性矩Geometricalmomentofinertia斷面系數Modulusofsection斷面極慣性矩Polarmomentofinertiaofarea楊氏模量Young’smodulus橫向彈性系數Modulusoftransverseelasticity體積彈性系數Modulusofvolumetricelasticity泊松比Poissor’sratio彈性極限Elasticlimit屈服點Yieldpoint拉伸強度Tensilestrength伸長Elongation永久變形Permanentset彈性Flexibility彈性分析Elasticanalysis彈性屈服Elasticbuckling塑性Plasticity塑變滯后Plasticityhysteresis極限分析Limitanalysis彈塑性分析Elastic-plasticanalysis疲勞分析Fatigueanalysis有限元法Finiteelementmethod靜荷載Deadload流體流動水錘Waterhammer急關Rapidclosure緩關Slowclosure沖擊波Shockclosure液壓振動Acousticvibrationofliquidflow脈動Pulsationflow兩相流Two-phaseflow氣壓振動Acousticvibration卡門渦街Karmaneddies顫動Fluttering氣蝕cavitation噪音噪音(1)noise(2)undesiredsound聽力范圍Auditorysensationarea掩蔽Masking背景噪音Backgroundnoise聲強Soundintensity聲壓Soundpressure聲壓值Soundpressurelevel噪聲值(1)noiselevel(2)soundlevel噪聲計Soundlevelmeter聽覺校正回路Weightingnetwork音平Soundnesslevel音能Soundpower音能值Soundpowerlevel總體值Overalllevel90%范圍90%range中間值MedianNR數Noiseratingnumber頻率分析器Frequencyanalyzer倍頻器Octaveband1/3的倍頻帶1/3octaveband波段值Bandlevel音場Soundfield方向性Directivity方向系數Directivityfactor衍射Diffraction聲源Soundsource房間常數Roomconstant吸音率Soundabsorptioncoefficient穿透率Transmissioncoefficient穿透損失Transmissionloss質量原理Masslaw設計條件操作壓力Operatingpressure最高操作壓力Maximumoperatingpressure操作溫度Operatingtemperature最高操作溫度Maximumoperatingtemperature溫度基準Basetemperature腐蝕裕度Corrosionallowance許容應力Allowablestress安全系數Safetyfactor地理條件Geologicalconditions9.塔、槽、換熱器、加熱爐9.1圖面用語設備表vesselschedule工程圖engineeringdrawing管口表(1)nozzlechart(2)nozzleschedule管口方位nozzleorientation予焊件圖clipschedule切線tangentline(TL)焊縫線weldline(WL)參照線workingline(WL)基準線baseline9.2容器容器vessel塔tower自支承塔self-supportedtower板式塔traytower填料塔packedtower噴淋塔spraytower槽、罐drum貯罐tank球罐(1)sphericaltank(2)balltank浮頂罐floatingrooftank錐頂罐conerooftank拱頂罐domerooftank雙壁罐doublewalltank濕式氣柜wetgasholder干式氣柜drygasholder料倉(1)silo(2)bin料斗hopper9.3內件內件internals塔盤tray泡罩塔盤bubblecaptray篩板塔盤perforatedtray浮閥塔盤valvetray單流向式塔盤uni-fluxtray波紋塔盤rippletray塔盤板deck溢流堰weir降液管downcomer密封槽sealpot取液槽draw-offpot密封盤sealpan塔盤支承環(huán)traysupportring鮑爾環(huán)Pallring淚孔weephole填料packing拉希環(huán)Raschingring矩鞍形填料intaloxsaddle分布器distributor除沫器demister進料擋板feeddeflecter防渦流擋板vortexbreaker內筒cartridge9.4主要附屬品殼體shell變頸段reducingsection封頭head橢圓形封頭ellipsoidalhead碟形封頭(1)dishedhead(2)torisphericalhead半球形封頭hemisphericalhead椎形封頭conicalhead平封頭flathead加強圈reinforcingring夾套jacket人孔manhole手孔handhole檢查孔inspectionhole接管nozzle凸緣padnozzle鍛制接管forgednozzle補強板reinforcingpad信號孔tell-talehole容器支座vesselsupport裙座skirt支腿leg支耳supportlug底座baseblock基礎環(huán)basering筋板gussetplate壓環(huán)compressionring鞍座saddle模板template通道acessopening套管pipesleeve連結板lug予焊件clip接地板earthlug吊耳liftinglug平臺platform梯子ladder保溫支承insulationsupport吊柱davit人孔絞鏈manholehinge放空口ventnozzle呼吸閥breathervalve計量口gaugehatch9.5換熱器換熱器heatexchanger換熱面積heattransferarea總傳熱系數overallheattransfercoefficient境膜傳熱系數filmcoefficient對數平均溫差logarithmicmeantemperaturedifference(LMTD)平均溫差meantemperaturedifference(MTD)污垢系數foulingfactor布管圖tubearrangement三角形排列triangulararrangement轉角三角形排列rotatedtriangulararrangement正方形排列squarearrangement轉角正方形排列rotatedsquarearrangement最大布管圖outsidetubelimit管殼式換熱器sheetandtubeheatexchanger固定管板式換熱器fixedtubesheetheatexchanger浮頭式換熱器floatingheadtypeheatexchangerU形管式換熱器U-tubetypeheatexchanger釜式換熱器kettletypeheatexchanger套管式換熱器doubletubetypeheatexchanger沖洗式冷卻器irrigationcooler蛇管式換熱器coiltypeheatexchanger插管式換熱器bayonettypeheatexchanger板式換熱器platetypeheatexchanger螺旋板式換熱器spiralheatexchanger夾套式換熱器jackettypeheatexchanger石墨換熱器graphiteheatexchanger空冷式換熱器air-cooledheatexchanger換熱管tube折流板baffleplate管箱channel分程隔板passpartitionplate浮頭floatinghead防沖擋板impingementbaffle管束tubebundle管板tubesheet管子與管板的連接tube-to-tubesheetjoint管接頭ferrule9.6加熱爐加熱爐direct-firedheater熱負荷(1)heatduty(2)heatrelease熱損失heatloss加熱爐效率efficiencyofheater熱流率heatflux管壁溫度tubeskintemperature體積熱負荷volumetricheatrelease輻射段radiantsection對流段convectionsection屏蔽段shieldsection壩墻bridgewall暴露墻exposedwall屏蔽墻shieldedwall管支承tubesupport爐管(1)heatertube(2)furnacetube擴大表面管extendedsurfacetube聯(lián)箱(1)header(2)headerbox回彎頭returnbend管群間連接管crossover通風draft煙道flue（煙道）擋板damper煙囪stack燒嘴burner過量空氣excessair風箱windbox觀察孔(1)observationdoor(2)peepdoor檢修孔accessdoor防爆門explosiondoor吹灰器sootblower油漆清車導軌paintertrolley陶瓷纖維ceramicfiber耐火磚firebrick保溫耐火磚insulationfirebrick保溫板insulationboard可鑄耐火材料castable襯里支撐linkinganchor爐壁橫梁lintel膨脹節(jié)expansionjoint10.轉動機械10.1轉動機械軸shaft軸承bearing軸承箱bearinghousing聯(lián)軸節(jié)shaftcoupling滑輪pulleyV形皮帶（三角皮帶）V-belt轉動設備turningequipment潤滑lubrication潤滑油(1)lubricatingoil(2)lubeoil密封seal軸封shaftseal填料函packing填料箱stuffingbox油膜密封oilfilmseal油封sealoil機械密封mechanicalseal齒輪gear曲軸crankshaft連桿connectingrod十字頭crosshead氣缸cylinder缸套cylinderliner氣缸閥cylindervalue活塞piston金屬填料metallicpacking予埋板soleplate基座baseplate柱塞plunger箱體（殼體）casing轉子rotor平衡活塞balancepiston迷宮密封labyrinth葉輪impeller軸套sleeve耐磨環(huán)wearingring燈籠環(huán)(1)laternring(2)sealcage10.2轉動機械性能軸動力(1)shaftpower(2)brakehorsepower額定制動馬力ratedbrakehorsepower齒輪傳動損失gearloss機械效率mechanicalefficiency機械損失mechanicalloss額定轉數ratedspeed最大連續(xù)轉數maximumcontinuousspeed旋轉油膜oilwhirl臨界速度criticalspeed順時針clockwise轉矩torque起動轉矩startingtorque性能performance特性characteristics壓頭head液壓功率hydraulichorsepower活塞位移pistondisplacement體積效率volumetricefficiency顯示圖indicatordiagram壓力脈沖率pressurepulsationratio10.3泵泵pump泵效率pumpefficiency氣蝕cavitation氣蝕系數cavitationcoefficient凈正吸入壓頭netpositivesuctionhead離心泵centrifugalpump混流泵（斜流泵）mixed-flowpump軸流泵axialpump容量泵displacementtypepump往復泵（活塞泵）reciprocatingpump旋轉泵rotarypump再生泵regenerativepump底閥footvalve10.4壓縮機，風機等壓縮機compressor壓縮機效率compressorefficiency往復式壓縮機reciprocatingcompressor間隙容積clearancevolumn隙囊clearancepocket減壓器unloader離心式壓縮機centrifugalcompressor軸面壓縮機axialcompressor渦輪壓縮機turbocompressor鼓風機blower風機fan渦輪式鼓風機turboblower渦輪風機turbofan多葉片風機multi-bladefan旋槳式風機propellerfan羅茨鼓風機(1)rootsblower(2)two-lobeblower螺桿式壓縮機screwcompressor湍振surging中間冷卻器intercooler后冷卻器（二次冷卻器）aftercooler緩沖器snubber10.5透平透平turbine沖動式透平impulseturbine反作用式透平reactionturbine凝汽式透平condensingturbine抽氣式透平extractionturbine背壓式透平backpressureturbine透平效率turbineefficiency調速器governor速度范圍speedrange速度調節(jié)閥speedgoverningvalve應急調速器emergencygovernor跳閘速度（應急速度限）tripspeed應急閥tripvalve操縱閥sentinelvalve10.6冷凍機冷凍機refrigerator制冷劑refrigerant1管道組成件Pipingcomponent1.1管子Pipe管子(按照配管標準規(guī)格制造的)pipe管子(不按配管標準規(guī)格制造的其他用管)tube鋼管steelpipe鑄鐵管castironpipe襯里管linedpipe復合管cladpipe碳鋼管carbonsteelpipe合金鋼管alloysteelpipe不銹鋼stainlesssteelpipe奧氏體不銹鋼管austeniticstainlesssteelpipe鐵合金鋼管ferriticalloysteelpipe軋制鋼管wrought-steelpipe鍛鐵管wrought-ironpipe無縫鋼管seamless(SMLS)steelpipe焊接鋼管weldedsteelpipe電阻焊鋼管electric-resistanceweldedsteelpipe電熔（?。┖镐摪寰砉躤lectric-fusion(arc)-weldedsteel-platepipe螺旋焊接鋼管spiralweldedsteelpipe鍍鋅鋼管galvanizedsteelpipe熱軋無縫鋼管hot-rollingseamlesspipe冷拔無縫鋼管cold-drawingseamlesspipe水煤氣鋼管water-gassteelpipe塑料管plasticpipe玻璃管glasstube橡膠管rubbertube直管runpipe;straightpipe1.2管件Fitting彎頭elbow異徑彎頭reducingelbow帶支座彎頭baseelbowk半徑彎頭longradiuselbow短半徑彎頭shortradiuselbow長半徑180°彎頭longradiusreturn短半徑180°彎頭shortradiusreturn帶側向口的彎頭（右向或左向）sideoutletelbow(righthandorlefthand)雙支管彎頭（形）doublebranchelbow三通tee異徑三通reducingtee等徑三通straighttee帶側向口的三通（右向或左向）sideoutlettee(righthandor1efthand)異徑三通（分支口為異徑）reducingtee(reducingonoutlet)異徑三通（一個直通口為異徑）reducingtee(reducingononerun)帶支座三通basetee異徑三通（一個直通口及分支口為異徑）reducingtee(reducingononerunandoutlet)異徑三通（兩個直通口為異徑，雙頭式）reducingtee(reducingonbothruns,bullhead)45°斜三通45°lateral45°斜三通（支管為異徑）45°lateral(reducingonbranch)45°斜三通(一個直通口為異徑)45°lateral(reducingononerun)45°斜三通(一個直通口及支管為異徑)45°lateral(reducingononerunandbranch)Y型三通（俗稱褲衩）true“Y”四通cross等徑四通straightcross異徑四通reducingcross異徑四通（一個分支口為異徑）reducingcross(reducingononeoutlet)異徑四通（一個直通口及分支口為異徑）reducingcross(reducingononerunandoutlet)異徑四通（兩個分支口為異徑）reducingcross(reducingonbothoutlet)異徑四通（一個直通口及兩個分支口為異徑）reducingcross(reducingononerunandbothoutlet)異徑管reducer同心異徑管concentricreducer偏心異徑管eccentricreducer鍛制異徑管reducingswage螺紋支管臺threadolet焊接支管臺weldolet承插支管臺sockolet彎頭支管臺elbolet斜接支管臺latrolet鑲入式支管嘴sweepolet短管支管臺nipolet支管臺，插入式支管臺boss管