動(dòng)詞ing形式的歸納

動(dòng)詞ing形式的歸納動(dòng)詞ing形式的歸納概述

動(dòng)詞的-ving形式具有名詞(動(dòng)名詞)的功能,可以在句字中作主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ).它具有形容詞(分詞)的功能,可在句子中作定語(yǔ),表語(yǔ),和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ).動(dòng)詞ing形式的歸納I.動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)詞的ing形式具有名詞的功能,

可以在句子中作主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ).動(dòng)詞ing形式的歸納1.做主語(yǔ)ReadingisimportantinlearningEnglish.Lookingafterthepatientisanurse’sjob.注意:在某些特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中,特別是Itisnouse\useless\nogood\shame\dangerous\awasteoftime/worth/worthwhiledoingsth.It是形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)即動(dòng)名詞放在句末動(dòng)詞ing形式的歸納2做賓語(yǔ).ving跟在某些特定的動(dòng)詞后面作賓語(yǔ).避免錯(cuò)過(guò)少延期建議完成多練習(xí)喜歡想象禁不住承認(rèn)否定與嫉妒逃避冒險(xiǎn)莫原諒允許感激和考慮明白鼓勵(lì)要禁止Avoid,miss,putoffAdvise,finish,practiceEnjoy,imagine,can’thelpAdmit,deny,envy,Escape,risk,excuseAllow/permitappreciateconsiderUnderstand,encourage,forbid動(dòng)詞ing形式的歸納3做表語(yǔ)Hishobbyiscollectingstamps.Mygreatesthappinessisservingthepeople.注意；動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ),可以和表語(yǔ)換用.反之也一樣.動(dòng)詞ing形式的歸納4.動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

動(dòng)名詞的前面可以帶上自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu).物主代詞,如his,my；人稱(chēng)代詞如him,me名詞所有格，如Tom’s;名詞普通格如TomDoyoumindmy/mesmokinghere?Iinsistedonmyhusband/husband’spayingthebill.Thesoundofdesksbeingopenedandclosedcouldbeheardoutinthestreet.Hesuggestedsomebodytakingoverthejob.動(dòng)詞ing形式的歸納

注意：動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作句子主語(yǔ)時(shí)，則通常使用名詞的所有格或物主代詞．Mary’scominglatemadeherteacherangry.Hisnotbeingabletocomeisdisappointing.動(dòng)詞ing形式的歸納II.現(xiàn)在分詞動(dòng)詞的ing具有形容詞的功能,可在句中做定語(yǔ),表語(yǔ),和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞ing形式的歸納1定語(yǔ)Doesheworkinthereadingroom?Ourteacherusesaverygoodteachingmethod.Doyouknowthemanstandingbythedoor?Thisvillageismadeupof500families

belongingtofivenations.動(dòng)詞ing形式的歸納2.表語(yǔ):表主語(yǔ)所具有的特征.Thefoodsmellsinviting.Thestoryisverytouching.常這樣用的分詞有:amusing,charming,encouraging,confusing,disappointing,discouraging,exciting,puzzling,astonishing,refreshing,shocking,striking,surprising,etc.動(dòng)詞ing形式的歸納3.賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)感官動(dòng)詞:see,hear,feel,smell,watch,notice,observe,lookat,listento和使役動(dòng)詞:set,keep,have,get,leave,make,find,send等都可以用分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)．

wesawhimclimbingatree.

Thepolicecaughttheboystealing.拓展:在被動(dòng)句中,即成為主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ):Theboywascaughtstealing.Thechildrenwerelastseenplayingattheriverbank.動(dòng)詞ing形式的歸納4.動(dòng)詞的ing形式具有副詞的功能,可在句中做狀語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞ing形式的歸納1.)做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Hearingthenoise,Iturnedround.=whenIheardthenoise,

Lookingoutofthewindow,Isawsomestudentsplayingthere.=whenIlookedoutofthewindow,注意:分詞短語(yǔ)前面可以用while,when等連詞,動(dòng)詞ing形式的歸納2.)作方式狀語(yǔ)或伴隨狀語(yǔ)Hecamerunningbacktotellmethenews.Allnightlonghelayawake,thinkingaboutproblems.Hesatinanarmchair,readingthenewspaper.動(dòng)詞ing形式的歸納3).做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)

Herhusbanddiedtenyearsago,leavingherwiththreechildrentolookafter.Theheavysnowlastedaweak,causingalotofaccidents.動(dòng)詞ing形式的歸納4).原因狀語(yǔ)Beingsick,Istayedathome.=As\BecauseIwassick,Notknowingheraddress,Icannotwritetoher.=AsIdon’tknowheraddress,動(dòng)詞ing形式的歸納5).條件狀語(yǔ)Turningtotherightatthecrossing,you

willseethepostofficerightbeforeyou.=Ifyouturnrightatthecrossing,you’ll…=Turntotherightatthecrossing

andyou

willseethepostoffice.動(dòng)詞ing形式的歸納6).做補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明Theplaneleavesatsix,

arriving

inChicagoatten.=…..,

andwillarrive

inChicagoatten.Thechildrenwerewalkingtothe

park,talkingandlaughingalltheway.=…,andweretalkingandlaughing

alltheway.動(dòng)詞ing形式的歸納III.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)

獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)本身就是一種復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),由名詞或代詞加分詞等構(gòu)成,表時(shí)間,原因,條件,方式,伴隨和補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明等.常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)如下：1.名詞+-ving分詞

Theyallwenttotheplayground,healoneremaininginthedormitory.2.名詞+-ved分詞

Thequestionsettled,theywentbackbyplane.

動(dòng)詞ing形式的歸納3.名詞+動(dòng)詞不定式

Somuchhomeworktodo,wehavenotimetoplay.4.名詞+形容詞

Helookedatmeupanddown,hiseyeswideopen.5.名詞+介詞短語(yǔ)/副詞

Hundredsofpeoplewentoutofthecinema,someinpairs,othersalone.6.名詞+名詞

Hissonnowacollegestudent,heisnolongerworriedabouthisjob.7.Therebe句型的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)

Therebeingnobus,wehadtowalkhome.動(dòng)詞ing形式的歸納IV.做獨(dú)立成分動(dòng)詞ing形式在句中沒(méi)有邏輯主語(yǔ),可以獨(dú)立存在,這些短語(yǔ)已經(jīng)成為習(xí)慣用語(yǔ),用來(lái)修飾整個(gè)句子Generallyspeaking(一般說(shuō)來(lái))StrictlyspeakingRoughlyspeakingFranklyspeakingJudgingfrom動(dòng)詞ing形式的歸納TakingallintoconsiderationConsideringeverythingEg:Judgingfromherface,shemustbeill.Consideringeverything,itisworthtrying.動(dòng)詞ing形式的歸納IV.動(dòng)詞ing形式的各種變化形式時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)一般式完成式doinghavingdonebeingdonehavingbeendone動(dòng)詞ing形式的歸納１動(dòng)詞的-ving形式的一般式表示動(dòng)作和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)（或幾乎同時(shí)）發(fā)生．

Hearingthenews,sheburstoutcrying.

Notknowingwhattodo，hewenttotheteacherforhelp.

2.動(dòng)詞的ing形式的完成式表示動(dòng)作先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生

Havinglivedtherefordozensofyears,heknowsthecitywell.

Not

havingreceivedtheirletter,hedecidedtowriteanotherone.．動(dòng)詞ing形式的歸納3.動(dòng)詞ing形式的被動(dòng)式表示動(dòng)作對(duì)于邏輯主語(yǔ)而言在意義上是被動(dòng)的.Iwouldliketohavealookattheanimalbeingoperatedon.Havingbeeninvitedbythestud