化工原理重要公式總結(jié)

化工原理重要公式總結(jié)

《化工原理》第一章流體流動的重要公式：牛頓粘性定律：$\tau=\mu\frac{du}{dy}$靜力學方程：$\frac{p_2-p_1}{\rho}+z_2-z_1=g(h_e+h_f)$其中，$h_f=\lambda\frac{L}{D}\frac{u^2}{2g}$機械能守恒式：$\frac{\rho_2u_2^2}{2}+\rho_2gh_2+\frac{p_2}{\rho_2}=\frac{\rho_1u_1^2}{2}+\rho_1gh_1+\frac{p_1}{\rho_1}$動量守恒：$\sumF_X=qm(u_{2X}-u_{1X})$雷諾數(shù)：$Re=\frac{du\rho}{\mu}=\frac{dG}{\mu}$阻力損失：$h_f=\lambda\frac{L}{D}\frac{u^2}{2g}$當量直徑：$d_e=\sqrt{\frac{4A}{\pi}}$孔板流量計：$q_V=C_AV\sqrt{\frac{2\DeltaP}{\rho}}$第二章流體輸送機械：管路特性：$H_e=\frac{24\muL}{\rhog\piD^2}$泵的有效功率：$P_e=\rhogq_VH_e\left(1+\frac{\lambdal}{D}+\zeta\right)$泵效率：$\eta=\frac{P_e}{P_{app}}=\frac{q_VH_e\left(\rhog+\DeltaP\right)}{\rhogq_VH_e\left(1+\frac{\lambdal}{D}+\zeta\right)}$最大允許安裝高度：$H_g=\frac{p'_T}{\rhog}$風機全壓換算：$p'_T=p_T\frac{\rho'}{\rho}$第四章流體通過顆粒層的流動：過濾速率基本方程：$\frac{(1-\varepsilon)^2\DeltaP}{S}=\frac{K\mu}{\varepsilon^3}\left(\frac{V+V_e}{r\phi}\right)A^2$恒速過濾：$V+\frac{V_e}{2}=\frac{2K}{\tau}$恒壓過濾：$V+2V_e=K\tauA$生產(chǎn)能力：$Q=\frac{V}{\sum\tau}$回轉(zhuǎn)真空過濾：$q=Kn+\frac{q_e}{2}-\sqrt{\left(Kn+\frac{q_e}{2}\right)^2-Knq_e}$板框壓濾機洗滌時間：$W=\frac{\tau}{S}\left[\frac{1}{q_e}+\left(\frac{1}{q_e}-1\right)e^{-Sq_e\tau/\mu}\right]$第五章顆粒的沉降和流態(tài)化：斯托克斯沉降公式：$u_t=\frac{d^2}{18\mu}\frac{\rho_p-\rho}{\rho}g$其中，$Re_p<218$重力降塵室生產(chǎn)能力：$q_V=A_{底}u_t(C_{進}-C_{出})$除塵效率：$\eta=\frac{C_{進}-C_{出}}{C_{進}}$流化床壓降：$\DeltaP=\frac{m}{A}\frac{\rho_p-\rho}{\rho}g$第六章傳熱：牛頓冷卻定律：$q=\alpha(T-T_W)$傅立葉定律：$q=-\lambda\frac{\alpha}{l}\DeltaT$普朗特數(shù)：$Pr=\frac{\lambda}{\rhoc_p\mu}$努塞爾數(shù)：$Nu=\frac{\alphad}{\lambda}$傳熱系數(shù)：$K=\frac{\lambda}isscwss\left(0.023Re^{0.8}Pr^b\right)$其中，受熱b=0.4，冷卻b=0.31傳熱基本方程式：$Q=KA\DeltaT$熱量衡算式：$Q=q_{m1}C_{p1}(T_1-T_2)=q_{m2}C_{p2}(T_2-T_1)$Chapter12:OtherMassTransferSeparationMethodsTheoverallmaterialbalanceequationis:Bu(c1-c2)=(L-0.5L)ρB(x1-x2)Themasstransferzonecalculationequationis:L=H/Nofu=KfaBdc∫(c-ce)/CBChapter13:SimultaneousHeatandMassTransferProcessesThehumidityofwatervaporisH=0.622(Mwater/Mair)*(pwater/(p-pwater))Therelativehumidityisφ=(pwater/p)*100%TheenthalpyisI=(1.01+1.88H)t+2500H/(22.4t+273)Thespecificvolumeisv=(29182/(73+t+H))ThewetbulbtemperatureisW=t-Hr(W-H)TheadiabaticsaturationtemperatureistAS=t-(C(HaS-H))Fortheair-watersystemusingLewisrule,whenps<p,φ=pwater/pandwhenps>pα,HaS≈cChapter14:SolidDryingThedryingrateisN=-Gc(dXAdτ)TheconstantspeedsectionrateisNA=k(HW-H)Theconstantspeedsectiontimeisτ1=1/αrW(t-tW)Gc(X1-XC)ANThefallingspeedsectiontimeisτ2=(X-X*)/lnC(approximationprocessingNA=KX(X-X*))ThecontinuousdryingmaterialbalanceequationisW=GC(X1-X2)=V(H2-H1)TheheatbalanceequationisQ+Qsupp=Q1+Q