(全)人教版丨八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)2單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)(名校版)

人教版丨八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)2單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks[單詞]cleanup打掃(清除)干凈cheer[t?i?]v.歡呼cheerup變得更高興，振奮起來(lái)giveout分發(fā)，散發(fā)volunteer[?v?l?n?ti?]n.&v.志愿者;義務(wù)做comeupwith想出，提出putoff推遲sign[sa?n]n.標(biāo)記，符號(hào)，標(biāo)牌notice[?n??t?s]n.&v.通知，公告;注意到handout分發(fā)callup打電話給…某人，征召usedto曾經(jīng)…，過(guò)去…lonely['l??nl?]adj.孤獨(dú)的，寂寞的carefor照顧，非常喜歡several[?sevr?l]prep.幾個(gè)，數(shù)個(gè)，一些strong[str??]adj.強(qiáng)壯的，強(qiáng)烈的feeling[?fi:l??]n.感覺(jué)，感觸satisfaction[?s?t?s'f?k?n]n.滿足，滿意joy[d???]n.高興，愉快owner[???n?(r)]n.所有者，物主tryout參加…選拔，試用journey['d??:n?]n.(尤指長(zhǎng)途)旅行，行程raise[re?z]v.抬起，舉起，籌集，征集alone[??l?un]adv.獨(dú)自地，孤獨(dú)地repair[ri?p??]v.修理，修補(bǔ)fix[fiks]v.修理，安裝fixup修理，修補(bǔ)giveaway贈(zèng)送，捐贈(zèng)takeafter(外貌或行為)像broken['br??k?n]adj.破損的，殘缺的wheel[wi:l]n.&v.輪子，車輪;旋轉(zhuǎn)letter[?let?]n.信件，字母Miss[m?s]n.小姐setup建立，設(shè)立disabled[dis?eib?ld]adj.有殘疾的，喪失能力的makeadifference影響，有作用blind[bla?nd]adj.盲的，盲目的，失明的deaf[def]adj.聾的imagine[??m?d??n]v.想象，設(shè)想difficulty['d?f?k?lt?]n.困難open[???p?n]v.打開(kāi)door[d?:]n.門carry['k?r?]v.攜帶，搬運(yùn)train[tre?n]v.訓(xùn)練，培養(yǎng)training[?tre?n??]n.訓(xùn)練，培訓(xùn)excited[?k?sa?t?d]adj.激動(dòng)的，興奮的kindness[?ka?ndn?s]n.仁慈，善良，親切，善意clever[?klev?]adj.聰明的，機(jī)靈的understand[??nd??st?nd]v.懂，理解change[t?e?nd?]n.&v.改變interest['?ntr?st]n.&v.感興趣;興趣sir[s?:(r)]n.先生madam['m?d?m]n.夫人，女士【重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)】1.haveafever發(fā)燒2.haveacough咳嗽3.haveatoothache牙疼4.talktoomuch說(shuō)得太多5.drinkenoughwater喝足夠的水6.haveacold受涼;感冒7.haveastomachache胃疼8.haveasoreback背疼9.haveasorethroat喉嚨痛10.takerisks冒險(xiǎn)11.hotteawithhoney加蜂蜜的熱茶12.seeadentist看牙醫(yī)13.getanX-ray拍X光片14.takeone’stemperature量體溫15.putsomemedicineonsth.在……上面敷藥16.giveup放棄17.soundlike聽(tīng)起來(lái)像18.allweekend整個(gè)周末19.inthesameway以同樣的方式20.gotoadoctor看醫(yī)生21.goalong沿著……走22.onthesideoftheroad在馬路邊23.shoutforhelp大聲呼救24.withoutthinkingtwice沒(méi)有多想25.getoff下車26.haveaheartproblem有心臟病27.toone’ssurprise另某人驚訝的是28.thanksto多虧了;由于29.intime及時(shí)30.makeadecision做出決定31.getintotrouble造成麻煩32.rightaway立刻;馬上33.becauseof由于34.getoutof離開(kāi);從……出來(lái)35.keepondoingsth.繼續(xù)或堅(jiān)持做某事36.putabandageonsth.用繃帶包扎37.falldown摔倒38.feelsick感到惡心39.haveanosebleed流鼻血40.cuthisknee割傷他的膝蓋41.putherheadback把她的頭向后仰42.haveproblemsbreathing呼吸困難43.mountainclimbing登山運(yùn)動(dòng)44.beusedtodoingsth.習(xí)慣做某事45.runout(of)用完;用盡46.sothat以便47.so...that...如此……以至于...…48.beincontrolof掌管;管理49.inadifficultsituation在閑境中【重點(diǎn)句型】1.What'sthematterwithyou?=What'thetroublewithyou?=What'swrongwithyou?你怎么了?2.Whatshouldshedo?她該怎么辦呢?3.ShouldItakemytemperature?我應(yīng)該量一下體溫嗎?4.Youshouldliedownandrest.你應(yīng)該躺下休息一會(huì)兒。5.Doyouthinkitcomesfromanewspaperorabook?你認(rèn)為它是來(lái)自報(bào)紙還是書呢?6.IthinkIsatinthesamewayfortoolongwithoutmoving.我想我以同樣的姿勢(shì)一動(dòng)不動(dòng)地坐得太久了。7.Shesaidthatthemanhadaheartproblemandshouldgotothehospital.她說(shuō)這個(gè)人有心臟病應(yīng)該去醫(yī)院?！局攸c(diǎn)語(yǔ)法】動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)詞不定式的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為“to+動(dòng)詞原形”(有時(shí)可不加to)。在句中除不能充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)外，其他成分都可充當(dāng)，如：主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等。在八上已講過(guò)作賓語(yǔ)的用法。在此主要講作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)的用法。(1)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，放在賓語(yǔ)的后面，表示賓語(yǔ)是什么或怎么樣。有todo和tobe兩種形式。Thedoctoradvisedhimtotakeagoodrest.IfindEnglishtobeveryeasy.提示：在ask,tell,want,wouldlike,advise,invite,teach,等動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)之后，常接帶to的不定式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。Weaskedhimtosingapopsongattheparty.①動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，不定式符號(hào)to在使役動(dòng)詞(have,make,let)、感官動(dòng)詞(feel,hear,watch,see,notice等)的后面時(shí)要省略。但他們變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，不定式符號(hào)to不能省略。Thebossmadetheworkersworkovertenhoursadayinthepast.=Theworkersweremadetoworkovertenhoursadaybythebossinthepast.②動(dòng)詞help接不定式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，不定式符號(hào)to可省略也可不省略。Heoftencomestohelpus(to)dosomefarmwork.(2)作狀語(yǔ)①表目的：表目的時(shí)，不定式可放在句子的前面也可放在句子的末尾。但在句子前面時(shí)，不定式常與句子用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi);而在句子末尾時(shí)一般不用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。Togetthereontime,wesetoutatfiveinthemorning.Hegoestheretoenjoythefreshair.②表結(jié)果：不定式做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，一般位于句子末尾。Iwenttotheclassroom,todiscoveritempty.動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)1.動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)是指動(dòng)詞和介詞或副詞等搭配而構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)。2.動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)主要有以下四種構(gòu)成形式：(1)動(dòng)詞+介詞如：agreewith,askfor,arrivein/at,comefrom,getto,geton,getoff,lookafter,takeafter等。注：這類動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)后面的賓語(yǔ)無(wú)論是名詞還是代詞，都要放在介詞之后。Eg:Iamlookingformypen.Ihavebeenlookingforitfortwohours.?(2)動(dòng)詞+副詞?如：giveout,lookup,putup,putoff,writedown,cheerup,turnoff/on,findout,handout等。?注：這類動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)后面的賓語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí)，名詞可放在副詞之后，也可放在副詞之前;賓語(yǔ)是代詞時(shí)，帶刺只能放在副詞之前。?Eg:Pleasepickupthepen.?=Pleasepickthepenup.?Canyoupickitup.?3)動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞?如：makefriendswith,payattentionto,takecareof,lookforwardto等。?注：在這類動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)中，并與都放在介詞之后。?Eg:Shestayedathometotakecareofthebaby.?(4)動(dòng)詞+形容詞+介詞?如：beangrywith,bebusywith,begood/badfor,bedifferentfrom,beinterestedin,begoodat,befamousfor等。?Eg:HangzhouisfamousfortheWestLake.【單元作文】【幫助他人和參加志愿活動(dòng)】描述發(fā)生在我們身邊相關(guān)的事情，提倡相互幫助，關(guān)心社會(huì)和諧發(fā)展。此類為?？荚掝}作文，寫作時(shí)應(yīng)盡量用倡議或號(hào)召性的語(yǔ)句或者用自己、他人親身經(jīng)歷的事件鼓勵(lì)教育他人。范例1Sam,I’mwritingtotellyouaboutavoluntaryactivitylastweek.LastSaturdayseveralfriendsandIwenttothePeople’sParkatabouteighto’clock.Thenwestartedtohelpcleanthepark.First,wecleanedupthebenches.Itookusaboutanhour.Thenwepickeduprubbishinthepark.Atlast,wesweptthefloorofthepark.Atabout12o’clock,wefinishedallthework.Thoughwewereabittired,wefeltveryhappywhentheparkbecamecleanerandnicer.WangKai范例2【Unit2單元測(cè)試范文】AgreatvolunteeractivityMynameisSally.Ithinkvolunteeringmeansalot.LastSaturday,Ivolunteeredtogotoapoormountainvillageschoolwithseveralofmyfriends.Inthemorning,wetaug